la calificación previa de los medios de prueba* introducción

william esteban grisales cardona
la calificación previa de los medios de prueba
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introducción.
la calificación previa de
los medios de prueba*
William Esteban Grisales Cardona**
La libertad del juez no puede afectar los derechos de
las partes, el silencio del juez, es el silencio de las partes.
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Abstract
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la calificación previa de los medios de prueba
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william esteban grisales cardona
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MB DPNQMFKJEBE EFM BTVOUP C
MB BDUJWJEBE QSPDFTBM EFM JOUFSFTBEP Z D
MB
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0USPEFMPTQSJODJQJPTDPOTUJUVDJPOBMFTDPOTJTUFFOMBFDPOPNÓBQSPDFTBM
FMKVF[EFCFWFMBSQPSVOQSPDFTPÈHJMTJOEJMBDJPOFTJOKVTUJmDBEBTVOBGPSNB
EFMPHSBSMPFTSFDIB[BOEPEFQMBOPBRVFMMPTNFEJPTQSPCBUPSJPTRVFOPTFBO
QFSUJOFOUFTDPOFMPCKFUPEFMQSPDFTPNJTNP"TÓNJTNPPUSBGPSNBEFIBDFSMP
FT DVNQMJS DPO MPT QMB[PT QSPDFTBMFT FTUBCMFDJEPT FTUP FT CVTDBS RVF MPT
UÏSNJOPTEJDUBNJOBEPTQPSFMMFHJTMBEPSSFBMNFOUFTFDVNQMBO
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+VTUJDJBIBOIFDIPVTPEFFTUFDPODFQUPOPTPMPFOFMDBNQPQFOBMTJOPFO
UPEBTMBTEFNÈTSBNBTEFMEFSFDIPQSPDFTBM-BQSJNFSBEFFMMBTFTMB4FOUFODJB
$EFEFMBDVBMQVFEFFYUSBFSTF
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IUNM.<$POTVMUBEPFMEFBCSJMEF>
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nuevo proceso civil español. XXXKVSJEJDBTVOBNNY
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DBSUBGVOEBNFOUBMBMIBDFSVTPEFMCMPRVFEFDPOTUJUVDJPOBMJEBEstricto sensu,
UFOJFOEPFODVFOUBMBBQMJDBDJØOEFMPEJTQVFTUPQPSMB$POWFODJØO"NFSJDBOB
EF%FSFDIPT)VNBOPTDPNPBNQMJUVEBMBSFMBDJØOFYJTUFOUFDPOFMFOUSBNBEP
DPOTUJUVDJPOBM

Revista del Instituto Colombiano de Derecho Procesal t/P
william esteban grisales cardona
la calificación previa de los medios de prueba
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BOUFFMNJTNPKVF[PFMTVQFSJPSKFSÈSRVJDP
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$BOUPT WT "SHFOUJOB $BTP 3JDBSEP $BOFTF WT 1BSBHVBZ &O JHVBM TFOUJEP
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WT"SHFOUJOBEJDUBNFOEFMB$PNJTJØOw
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DPOWFODJØOBNFSJDBOBFTFMEFiy
RVFMBTDBSHBTRVFFMQSPDFTPQFOBMDPOMMFWB
QBSBFMJOEJWJEVPOPTFQSPMPOHVFODPOUJOVBNFOUFFOFMUJFNQPZDBVTFOEB×PT
QFSNBOFOUFTwDJUBOEPBMB$PNJTJØO*OUFSBNFSJDBOBEF%FSFDIPT)VNBOPTFO
FMEJDUBNFOEFM¡EFNBS[PEFFOFMDBTPEF+PSHF"(JNÏOF[WT"SHFOUJOB
&MQMB[PSB[POBCMFTFDPOWJFSUFFOVOFKFBMBIPSBEFMMFHJTMBEPSTF×BMBSMPT
UJFNQPTEFDBEBQSPDFTPTFIBDFJOEJTQFOTBCMFWJTMVNCSBSMBDPNQMFKJEBEZMB
USBTDFOEFODJB EFM BTVOUP RVF TF EFCBUF Z UBNCJÏO MB QSPUFDDJØO EFM EFSFDIP
TVTUBODJBMZMBTHBSBOUÓBTQSPQJBTEFMQSPDFTP&TUBTQBMBCSBTBOPUBEBTEFCFOTFS
FYUFOEJEBT BM DBNQP EFM QSPDFTP DJWJM Z BTÓ MP IB WJTUP FM MFHJTMBEPS RVJFO FO
OPSNBTSFDJFOUFTIBJNQMFNFOUBEPVOPTUÏSNJOPTEFEVSBDJØOEFMQSPDFTPRVF
OPFYDFEFOVOB×PZFOPUSBTPDBTJPOFTZUFOJFOEPFODVFOUBMBmOBMJEBENJTNB
EFMQSPDFTPIBFTUBCMFDJEPVOUÏSNJOPEFEVSBDJØOEFTFJTNFTFT
-PTNFDBOJTNPTRVFVUJMJ[BFMMFHJTMBEPSDPOFMmOEFNFKPSBSFMSFOEJNJFOUP
EFMBBENJOJTUSBDJØOEFKVTUJDJBBGFDUBOOPTPMPBMNJTNPKVF[TJOPBMBTQBSUFT
FOFTQFDJBMDVBOEPFTUBTBUSBWÏTEFMBTQSVFCBTRVJFSFOEJMBUBSMPBMTPMJDJUBS
QSVFCBT OPUPSJBNFOUF JNQFSUJOFOUFT TVQFSnVBT JODPOEVDFOUFT FUD &M KVF[
SFHVMBFMEFTBSSPMMPEFMQSPDFTPZFYUSBFMPRVFSFBMNFOUFOFDFTJUBQBSBMMFHBSBM
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DPOKVOUB MBT QSVFCBT Z MB OFDFTJEBE EF NPUJWBS &O QSJNFS MVHBS UBM DPNP MP
TF×BMBMBQSPGFTPSB.BSJOB(BTDØO"CFMMÈOMBQSJODJQBMGVODJØOEFMBNPUJWBDJØO
FTMPHSBSFMDPOUSPMEFMBEFDJTJØOQPSQBSUFEFMDJVEBEBOPFOPUSBTQBMBCSBTTF
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JOUFSQPOFS MPT SFDVSTPT FTUBCMFDJEPT FO MB MFZ RVF FO OVFTUSP PSEFOBNJFOUP
KVSÓEJDPTFFTUBCMFDFDPNPMBQPTJCJMJEBEEFFKFSDJUBSFMSFDVSTPEFSFQPTJDJØOZ
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B TV WF[ DPOWJFSUF MB NPUJWBDJØO FO VOB HBSBOUÓB DPOUSB MB BSCJUSBSJFEBE EFM
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-B NPUJWBDJØO DPNP DBSHB QSPQJB EFM KVF[ UBM DPNP TF IB NPTUSBEP FO FM
QÈSSBGPBOUFSJPSFTVOFKFSDJDJPEFDPOUSPMRVFEFCFNPTUSBSUPEBTMBTSB[POFT
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VOBWBMPSBDJØOFODPOKVOUPEFMBTQSVFCBTOPTFBMPNÈTKVTUP4FDPOTJEFSBNÈT
BKVTUBEBBMPTNBOEBUPTDPOTUJUVDJPOBMFTMBSFBMJ[BDJØOQPSQBSUFEFMKVF[EFVOB
WBMPSBDJØO TPCSF DBEB NFEJP EF QSVFCB Z MB FYQPTJDJØO EF MBT SB[POFT QPS MBT
DVBMFTVONFEJPEFQSVFCBHFOFSBDFSUF[BZQPSRVÏPUSPTOPMPMPHSBO%FFTUB
NBOFSBSFBMNFOUFTFMPHSBOMBTGVODJPOFTNFODJPOBEBTZDPOFMMPMBQPTJCJMJEBE
EFFKFSDJUBSWFSEBEFSBNFOUFMBDPOUSBEJDDJØOQBSBFMQBSUJDVMBSFOFMQSPDFTP
&TUBFYJHFODJBEFNPUJWBSMBTQSPWJEFODJBTBVUPJOUFSMPDVUPSJPTFOUFODJB
TFIBMMBFOFMBSUÓDVMPEFM$(15PEBEFDJTJØOEFCFSÈFTUBSNPUJWBEBFT
EFDJSTFEFCFOFYQSFTBSMBTSB[POFTQPSMBDVBMFTTFPQUBQPSVOBEFUFSNJOBEB
TJUVBDJØOPQPTJDJØO&MOPDVNQMJSDPOFTUBFYJHFODJBHFOFSBMBWJPMBDJØOEFM
EFCJEP QSPDFTP DPOTUJUVDJPOBM Z MFHBM &M KVF[ EFOUSP EF VO NBSDP TPDJBM EF
EFSFDIPEFCFHBSBOUJ[BSBMBTQBSUFTMBQPTJCJMJEBEEFDPOPDFSTVTEFDJTJPOFT
ZFTUPOPTFDVNQMFTPMPDPOMBOPUJmDBDJØOEFMBQSPWJEFODJBTJOPEBOEPB
DPOPDFS TV QFOTBNJFOUP FTUP FT MBT SB[POFT QSÈDUJDBT Z BDBEÏNJDBT RVF MP
MMFWBSPOBmKBSVOBEFUFSNJOBEBQPTJDJØO
-BQPTJCJMJEBEEFSFDIB[PEFQMBOPEFMBTQSVFCBTBEVDJEBTQPSMBTQBSUFT
EF BDVFSEP B MP FTUBCMFDJEP FO FM BSUÓDVMP EFM $(1 FT EFTBSSPMMP EF MPT
QSJODJQJPTDPOTUJUVDJPOBMFTDPNPFMEFCJEPQSPDFTPFMEFDPOUSBEJDDJØOFMEF
FDPOPNÓBQSPDFTBMZFMEFQVCMJDJEBEEFMBTEFDJTJPOFTKVEJDJBMFT6OQSPDFTP
MFOUPOPFTQSPDFTPZOPMPHSBDVNQMJSDPOMBmOBMJEBEEFVOBKVTUJDJBQSPOUBZ
FGFDUJWBQBSBMBQBSUFPMBTQBSUFTFOTVDFTJØO
conclusión.
4JCJFOFTDJFSUPDPOGPSNFBMBTSFHMBTUSBEJDJPOBMFTRVFMBWBMPSBDJØOQSPCBUPSJB
FTVOFKFSDJDJPRVFTFSFBMJ[BBMNPNFOUPEFEJDUBSTFOUFODJBOPFTNFOPTDJFSUP
RVF DPOGPSNF B MP FTUBCMFDJEP FO FM $(1 GSFOUF BM SFDIB[P EF MB QSVFCB QPS

Revista del Instituto Colombiano de Derecho Procesal t/P
william esteban grisales cardona
la calificación previa de los medios de prueba
MBT DJSDVOTUBODJBT EFTDSJUBT FO FM BSUÓDVMP FM KVF[ EFCF IBDFS VO FKFSDJDJP
WBMPSBUJWPQBSBEFUFSNJOBSTJMBTQSVFCBBMMFHBEBQPSMBQBSUFFTUÈEFOUSPEFMBT
QSFNJTBTTF×BMBEBTFOFMNFODJPOBEPBSUÓDVMP"EFNÈTDPNPTFNFODJPOØFOFM
EFTBSSPMMPEFFTUFUSBCBKPFOFTUBUBSFBEFWBMPSBDJØOFMKVF[EFCFBSHVNFOUBSFO
GPSNBDMBSBZQSFDJTBMBTSB[POFTQPSMBTDVBMFTDPOTJEFSBRVFMBQSVFCBFTJMÓDJUB
JODPOEVDFOUFTVQFSnVBJOÞUJMPJNQFSUJOFOUF
/*4*.#-"5 /BUUBOIUUQOJTJNCMBUOFUQVCMJDBDJPOFTBOUFSJPSFTDBSHBEFMBQSVFCBIUNM
<$POTVMUBEPFMEFBCSJMEF>
4FSFJUFSBRVFFTUBFTVOBUBSFBEFWBMPSBDJØOBOUJDJQBEBEFMBQSVFCBFOMB
DVBMFMKVF[IBDFVOQSJNFSFKFSDJDJPEFDPOGSPOUBDJØOEFFTUBDPOMPTIFDIPTZFM
PSEFOBNJFOUPKVSÓEJDPDPOTUJUVDJPOBMZMFHBMFOFMDVBMQVFEFBmSNBSTFRVFOP
TFQSFTFOUBOJOHVOBBGFDUBDJØOBMEFCJEPQSPDFTPQPSRVFEFOUSPEFMBTNJTNBT
FYJHFODJBT QSPDFTBMFT FM KVF[ EFCF EBS QVCMJDJEBE B MB EFDJTJØO WBMPSBUPSJB
SFBMJ[BEBQBSBRVFMBQBSUFBGFDUBEBJOUFSQPOHBMPTSFDVSTPTOFDFTBSJPTZEFFTUB
GPSNBTBMWBHVBSEBSFMQSPDFTPNJTNP
1"--"3&4&EVBSEPDiccionario de derecho procesal civil..ÏYJDP&E1PSSÞB
1"33" 26*+"/0 +BJSP Manual de derecho probatorio &E #PHPUÈ -JCSFSÓB
&EJDJPOFTEFM1SPGFTJPOBM
1*$0*+6/0:+PBO&MEFSFDIPDPOTUJUVDJPOBMBMBQSVFCBZTVDPOmHVSBDJØOMFHBMFOFM
OVFWPQSPDFTPDJWJMFTQB×PM&OXXXKVSJEJDBTVOBNNY
3".¶3&;$"37"+"-%JBOB.BSÓBLa Prueba en el proceso. Una aventura intelectual.
.FEFMMÓO-JCSFSÓB+VSÓEJDB4ÈODIF[
30+"4(».&;.JHVFM&OSJRVFCódigo general del proceso#PHPUÈ&E&TBKV
-------- Lecciones de derecho procesal. Pruebas civiles.5***#PHPUÈ&E&TBKV
referencias.
";6-"$"."$)0+BJNFManual de derecho procesal civil1SVFCBTKVEJDJBMFT57*
FEJDJØO#PHPUÈ&E5FNJT
#"33*04(0/;«-&;#PSJTTeoría de la sana crÓtica.IUUQXXXBDBEFNJBEFEFSFDIP
PSHVQMPBECJCMJPDPOUFOJEPT5FPSJB@EF@MB@TBOB@DSJUJDB@#PSJT@#BSSJPTQEG <$POTVMUBEP FM
EFBCSJMEF>
$035&$0/45*56$*0/"-$0-0.#*"/"4FOUFODJB46EF.1.BOVFM
+PTÏ$FQFEB&TQJOPTB
$035&$0/45*56$*0/"-4FOUFODJB5EF.1"OUPOJP#BSSFSB$BSCPOFMM
$035&$0/45*56$*0/"-4FOUFODJB5EF.1"MFYFJ+VMJP&TUSBEB
$035& 4613&." %& +645*$*" 4BMB EF DBTBDJØO $JWJM &YQ 'FCSFSPEF.13VUI.BSJOB%ÓB[3VFEB
$035& 4613&." %& +645*$*" 4BMB EF DBTBDJØO $JWJM +VOJP EF .1 4JMWJP
'FSOBOEP5SFKPT#VFOP&YQ
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4JNBODBT&YQKVOJPEF
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%JDJFNCSFEF.1-VJT"SNBOEP5PMPTB7JMMBCPSB
$045"503/&.BSÓB$JOUBLa prueba ilícita por violación de Derechos Fundamentales
y sus excepciones. mMF$6TFST8JMMJBN%PXOMPBET1#QEG Revista de
Derecho UNED/¡
%&7*4&$)"/%*")FSOBOEPTeoría general de la prueba judicial#PHPUÈ5FNJT
("4$0/"#&--"/.BSJOBCuestiones probatorias#PHPUÈ6OJWFSTJEBE&YUFSOBEPEF
$PMPNCJB
issn  -  tQQt+VMJP%JDJFNCSFEFt#PHPUÈ%$$PMPNCJB


Revista del Instituto Colombiano de Derecho Procesal t/P