Cap 18- El decaimiento de abetares pirenaicos como paradigma

Impactos y Vulnerabilidad
J.J. Camarero1,2*, G. Sangüesa-Barreda3, J.C. Linares4
1
ARAID, Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, Apdo. 202, 50192 Zaragoza, España
2
Dept. d’Ecologia, Fac. Biología, Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, España
3
Instituto Pirenaico de Ecología (CSIC), Avda. Montañana 1005, Apdo. 202, 50192 Zaragoza, España
4
Departamento de Sistemas Físicos, Químicos y Naturales, Universidad Pablo Olavide, Ctra. Utrera km. 1, 41002 Sevilla, España
*Correo electrónico: [email protected]
18
El decaimiento de abetares pirenaicos como paradigma
de vulnerabilidad de los bosques ante el cambio climático
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Sitio
Orientación
Código
Fago
FA
Paco Ezpela-arriba
PE
Paco Ezpela-abajo
PZ
Lopetón
LO
Gamueta
GA
Selva de Oza-arriba
SZ
Selva de Oza-abajo
SO
S. Juan de la Peña
JP
Paco Mayor-high
PM1
Paco Mayor-abajo
PM2
Puente Corralones
PC
Lierde
LI
Peña Oroel-arriba
OO
Peña Oroel-abajo
PO
Los Abetazos
AB
Castiello de Jaca
CA
Izquierda del Aragón
IA
Paco de Villanúa-arriba VN
Paco de Villanúa-abajo
VI
Paco Asieso
AS
Panticosa
PA
Yésero
YE
Guara
GU
Diazas
DI
Orús
OR
Montinier
MO
Azirón
AZ
Peña Montañesa
PN
Collubert
CO
Selva Negra
SN
Collado de Sahún
SA
BA
Ballibierna
NW
N–NE
N–NE
N–NW
N–NW
N–NW
N–NE
N–NE
N
N
NW
N–NE
N–NW
N
N–NE
N–NW
W–SW
N
N–NW
N–NW
N–NW
NW
N–NW
N–NW
N–NW
N
N–NW
N–NE
N–NE
N–NE
N–NW
W–NW
Altitud
(m)
918 ± 3
1232 ± 5
1073 ± 3
1009 ± 3
1400 ± 10
1272 ± 5
1195 ± 6
1393 ± 33
1353 ± 2
1313 ± 13
1248 ± 3
1222 ± 3
1604 ± 15
1587 ± 17
1403 ± 9
1175 ± 15
1478 ± 5
1270 ± 2
1234 ± 4
1327 ± 3
1280 ± 4
1399 ± 4
1428 ± 9
1528 ± 4
1370 ± 5
1400 ± 30
1613 ± 17
1519 ± 22
1474 ± 10
1431 ± 7
1789 ± 5
1600 ± 4
Pendiente (º)
30 ± 4
27 ± 3
26 ± 1
32 ± 1
23 ± 1
22 ± 2
34 ± 3
22 ± 2
22 ± 0
39 ± 4
32 ± 5
21 ± 3
25 ± 10
36 ± 3
20 ± 4
25 ± 2
27 ± 2
24 ± 1
22 ± 2
33 ± 2
27 ± 3
30 ± 2
26 ± 1
22 ± 2
25 ± 2
30 ± 2
25 ± 2
21 ± 3
22 ± 12
24 ± 4
15 ± 9
30 ± 6
dap (cm)
61,3 ± 1,6
35,0 ± 2,3
43,0 ± 1,2
38,1 ± 2,7
64,2 ± 2,2
58,2 ± 3,1
66,6 ± 3,0
46,0 ± 2,3
45,8 ± 2,3
54,8 ± 4,1
47,5 ± 3,0
74,1 ± 4,1
59,1 ± 2,8
46,5 ± 3,9
75,0 ± 4,4
41,2 ± 2,0
69,0 ± 5,6
37,4 ± 3,0
42,7 ± 2,5
60,6 ± 3,6
71,0 ± 2,7
48,1 ± 3,1
52,5 ± 2,6
56,5 ± 2,2
42,3 ± 1,5
46,1 ± 1,6
68,0 ± 3,6
45,1 ± 2,2
56,0 ± 4,4
49,5 ± 3,5
60,1 ± 2,8
49,6 ± 2,3
Área
Altura (m) basimétrica
27,5 ± 0,8
18,2 ± 0,9
21,4 ± 0,6
20,8 ± 0,8
30,1 ± 1,1
22,1 ± 0,7
27,2 ± 0,9
16,4 ± 1,3
24,0 ± 0,5
24,1 ± 0,6
21,6 ± 1,1
27,5 ± 0,6
22,1 ± 0,6
19,6 ± 0,9
22,2 ± 0,9
19,1 ± 0,7
24,9 ± 0,9
25,5 ± 1,4
24,1 ± 1,2
25,3 ± 0,7
24,7 ± 1,0
20,0 ± 0,5
20,0 ± 0,7
25,9 ± 0,6
24,6 ± 0,6
25,5 ± 0,8
25,2 ± 0,5
18,7 ± 0,7
21,7 ± 0,4
23,2 ± 0,6
22,7 ± 0,8
21,3 ± 0,9
(m2 ha-1)
Edad
a 1,3m
(años)
45,9
10,1
24,7
24,8
55,8
38,3
51,7
17,9
31,7
34,2
43,3
87,1
43,8
34,6
63,8
30,5
56,0
20,2
41,6
37,2
56,3
31,7
13,5
45,4
39,5
29,6
33,3
28,5
29,9
29,1
36,5
48,6
96 ± 3
88 ± 5
114 ± 7
104 ± 6
129 ± 8
115 ± 9
152 ± 14
95 ± 9
97 ± 3
104 ± 8
64 ± 5
96 ± 6
95 ± 4
77 ± 6
65 ± 6
131 ± 9
103 ± 15
100 ± 7
96 ± 4
87 ± 7
117 ± 9
64 ± 4
80 ± 9
98 ± 6
108 ± 4
117 ± 9
90 ± 5
78 ± 5
83 ± 10
74 ± 3
117 ± 24
107 ± 5
Anchura del
anillo de
Especies de
crecimiento, periodo árboles‡
1950-1999 (mm)
2,90 ± 0,12
1,70 ± 0,09
1,67 ± 0,10
1,48 ± 0,11
2,19 ± 0,20
2,57 ± 0,25
2,31 ± 0,20
2,37 ± 0,19
2,01 ± 0,13
2,50 ± 0,22
3,67 ± 0,24
3,08 ± 0,23
2,88 ± 0,18
2,62 ± 0,11
4,70 ± 0,20
1,31 ± 0,11
3,23 ± 0,25
1,88 ± 0,16
2,08 ± 0,13
3,26 ± 0,22
2,50 ± 0,13
3,52 ± 0,15
3,11 ± 0,16
2,75 ± 0,13
1,73 ± 0,03
1,61 ± 0,09
3,41 ± 0,17
2,77 ± 0,18
3,01 ± 0,21
2,90 ± 0,14
2,38 ± 0,25
2,12 ± 0,09
‡Abreviaturas de las especies de árboles acompañantes: Fs, Fagus sylvatica L.; Ps = Pinus sylvestris L.; Pu = Pinus uncinata Ram.
244
Fs, Ps
Fs
Fs
Fs, Ps
Fs
Fs, Ps
Fs, Ps
Ps, Fs
Ps, Fs
Fs, Ps
Fs, Ps
Fs, Ps
Ps
Ps
Ps, Fs
Ps
Ps, Fs
Ps
Ps, Fs
Ps, Fs
Ps, Fs
Ps
Ps, Fs
Ps, Fs
Ps, Fs
Ps
Ps, Pu
Ps
Fs, Ps
Ps, Fs
Pu, Ps
Fs
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Resultados y discusión
El aumento de temperaturas y la aparición de sequías
extremas desencadenan el decaimiento
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