sin2 x + cos2 x = 1. sin(−x) = − sin x. tan2 x + 1 = sec2 x. cos(−x) = cos x. cot2 x + 1 = csc2 x. tan(−x) = − tan x. cos(x + y) = cos x cos y − sin x sin y. sin(x + y) = sin x cos y + cos x sin y. sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x. cos 2x = 2 cos2 x − 1 = 1 − 2 sin2 x. d sin x d cos x d tan x = cos x. = − sin x. = sec2 x. dx dx dx d csc x d sec x d cot x = − cot x csc x. = tan x sec x. = − csc2 x. dx dx dx 1