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normal decantación de los sólidos como así también que la espuma y los barros lleguen a la cañería
de descarga.
Además problemas de operación y mantenimiento como sólidos que se drenan con la descarga de los
inodoros pueden obstruir las cañerías y generar problemas en las C.S.
4.2 Diseño
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Casa rural humilde
Casa urbana de barrio
Casa suntuosa
Litros/hab.día
50
150-200
>250
No se aplica el factor de retorno y de esa manera nos quedamos con un margen de seguridad.
De acuerdo a las recomendaciones de la O.M.S. para la “Evacuación de excretas para medios
rurales”, la misma determina las capacidades de las cámaras sépticas.
Para viviendas particulares:
Nºmax.pers.serv
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
C.Séptica vol.(lt)
1890
2270
2840
3400
4100
4920
5680
Ancho (m)
0,91
0,91
1,06
1,06
1,22
1,22
1,38
Largo (m)
1,82
2,13
2,28
2,59
2,59
3,05
3,05
Prof.líquido(m)
1,22
1,22
1,22
1,38
1,38
1,38
1,38
Prof.Total(m)
1,52
1,52
1,52
1,68
1,68
1,68
1,68
Dotaciones consideradas
Nºmax.pers.serv
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Capacidad
líquida nominal
Cám.Sep. (lt)
1520
1710
2280
2850
3420
3990
4560
Dot.(l /h.d)
Vol.cons.(lt)
190
378
355
340
342
351
190
760
1140
1520
1900
2280
2660
3040
Comentarios: Los volúmenes de las C.S. para viviendas particulares se han calculado considerando
un consumo de 190 l / hab.día y un volumen adicional para el almacenamiento de barros equivalente
a un día de consumo. Para consumos mayores a los 1000 y hasta los 4560 litros la capacidad de la
fosa séptica deberá ser como mínimo igual a la afluencia de agua residuales durante un día y medio.
Cuando el caudal efluente oscila entre 4560 y 37.850 litros por día, la capacidad mínima útil del
tanque deberá ser de 4.500 litros mas un 75% de la afluencia diaria de las aguas residuales. La
siguiente tabla indica como calcular los volúmenes de los tanques sépticos.
Rango de Consumos diarios =Q (lt)
Hasta 1.000
1.000 hasta 4.500
4.500 hasta 38.000
Volumen del tanque séptica (lt)
2Q
1,5 Q
4.500+ 0,75 Q
V: volumen útil de la fosa séptica
Q: Afluencia diaria de aguas residuales a la misma unidad
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Para campamentos y escuelas diurnas:
Campamento
40
80
120
160
200
240
280
320
Escuela
diurna
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480
C.Séptica
vol.(lt)
3.780
7.560
11.430
15.120
18.900
22.680
26.460
30.240
Ancho (m)
Largo (m)
Prof.líquido(m)
Prof.Total(m)
1,22
1,52
1,82
1,82
2,28
2,43
2,59
2,59
2,59
3,35
4,11
5,48
5,48
6,09
6,09
7,11
1,22
1,52
1,52
1,52
1,52
1,52
1,68
1,68
1,52
1,89
1,89
1,89
1,97
1,97
2,13
2,13
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