Who cares about childcare? - Inter

Who cares about childcare?
Estimations of childcare use in Latin
America and the Caribbean
Mercedes Mateo
Lourdes Rodriguez-Chamussy
Education Division
(SCL/EDU)
TECHNICAL
NOTE Nº
815
May 2015
Who cares about childcare?
Estimations of childcare use in Latin America and the
Caribbean
Mercedes Mateo
Lourdes Rodriguez-Chamussy
* Andrea C. Atencio provided outstanding research assistance for this project. The
authors would like to thank Emiliana Vegas, Hugo Ñopo, Javier Luque, and Maria
Soledad Bos for their valuable comments and suggestions, and Elena Arias and her
team for providing us with additional databases. All remaining errors are our own.
May 2015
Cataloging-in-Publication data provided by the
Inter-American Development Bank
Felipe Herrera Library
Mateo Diaz, Mercedes.
Who cares about childcare?: estimations of childcare use in Latin America
and the Caribbean / Mercedes Mateo, Lourdes Rodriguez-Chamussy.
p. cm. — (IDB Technical Note ; 815)
Includes bibliographic references.
1. Child care services—Latin America. 2. Child care services—Caribbean Area.
I. Rodríguez-Chamussy, Lourdes. II. Inter-American Development Bank.
Education Division. III. Title. IV. Series.
IDB-TN-815
http://www.iadb.org
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The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the
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1
2
3
4
5
6
Household surveys
Longitudinal surveys
El
Trinidad
Chile Colombia Colombia Ecuador Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua
and
Uruguay
(CASEN
(ENCV
(ENCV
(ECV
(EHPM (ENCOVI
(ENCOVI
(EMNV
Tobago
(ECH
2011)
2011)
2013)
2006)
2012)
2011)
2004)
2009)
(SLC 2005) 2013)
Topic
Bolivia
(ECH
2012)
Brazil
(PNAD
2012)
Attenda nce to chi l dca re (Yes /No)
X
X
X
X*
X
X
X
X
X
X
Type of i ns titution a ttended
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Hours of a ttenda nce
X
Da ys of a ttenda nce
X
X
X
X
Chile Colombia Mexico
(ELPI
(ELCA
(ENESS
2012)
2010)
2009)
X
X
X
X*
X
X
X
X*
X
X
X
X*
X
X
X*
Monthl y fee pa yments (l a s t month)
X
X
X
X
X
X
Other pa yments (l a s t month)
X
X
X
X
X
X
Tui tion pa yments (l a s t s chool yea r)
X
X
X
X
X
Other pa yments (l a s t s chool yea r)
X
X
X
X
Servi ce i ncl udes food
X
X
X
X
Progra m ha s a curri cul um
Mea n of tra ns portation to chi l dca re
X
X
X
Ti me of tra ns portation to chi l dca re
X
X
X
X
X
Rea s ons for NOT a ttendi ng
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Rea s ons for a ttendi ng
Chi l d's ma i n ca regi ver
X
X
X
Chi l dca re fa ci l i ties a t pa rents ' work pl a ce
X
X
X
X
X
X*
X
X
X
Ava i l a bi l i ty of chi l dca re nea r home
X
Ava i l a bi l i ty of chi l dca re nea r work
Identifi ca tion of chi l d's mother
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
7
Household surveys
Argentina
(EPHC
2013)
Costa Rica
(ENAHO
2012)
Mexico
(ENIGH
2012)
Peru
(ENAHO
2012)
Venezuela
(EHM 2013)
Attenda nce to chi l dca re (Yes /No)
X
X
X
X
X
Type of i ns ti tuti on a ttended
X
X
X
X
Topic
Hours of a ttenda nce
Da ys of a ttenda nce
Monthl y fee pa yments (l a s t month)
X
Other pa yments (l a s t month)
X
Tui ti on pa yments (l a s t s chool yea r)
X
Other pa yments (l a s t s chool yea r)
X
Servi ce i ncl udes food
Progra m ha s a curri cul um
Mea n of tra ns porta ti on to chi l dca re
Ti me of tra ns porta ti on to chi l dca re
Rea s ons for NOT a ttendi ng
X
X
X
Rea s ons for a ttendi ng
Chi l d's ma i n ca regi ver
Chi l dca re fa ci l i ti es a t pa rents ' work pl a ce
Identi fi ca ti on of chi l d's mother
X
8
9
10
11
80
70
60
50
% 40
30
20
% children 0 to 3
% children 3 to 5
10
0
12
% of children 3 to 5 years old enrolled in childcare or
preschool
70
Denmark
Netherlands
60
Iceland
50
France
Malta
Sweden
Portugal
United States
United Kingdom
Slovenia
Spain
Belgium
New Zealand
Australia
40
30
Uruguay
Estonia
20
10
0
Norway
Italy
Latvia
Chile
Colombia
Lithuania
Brazil
Romania
Greece
Bulgaria Hungary
Poland
Nicaragua Mexico Czech Republic
Bolivia Costa Rica Slovak Republic
Guatemala
El Salvador
Honduras
0
10000
20000
30000
Luxembourg
Finland Ireland
Japan
Germany
Austria
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
GDP per capita (US$ Constant 2005)
13
% of children 3 to 5 years old enrolled in childcare or preschool
100
Spain
Malta
Estonia
Hungary Slovenia
Portugal
Latvia Czech Republic
Uruguay
Romania Slovak Republic
Bulgaria
90
80
70
60 Peru
Colombia
Belgium
Italy
Netherlands
Denmark Iceland
Germany
New ZealandUnited
Kingdom
Sweden
Japan
Luxembourg
Austria
Australia
Ireland
Finland
United States
Lithuania
Mexico
Poland
Venezuela, RB
Brazil
Chile
50
Norway
Greece
40
Nicaragua
30
Costa Rica
El Salvador
Bolivia
Guatemala
Honduras
20
10
0
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
GDP per capita (US$ Constant 2005)
14
% of 0 to 5 year-olds that attend formal
childcare
100
90
80
70
60
50
NGOs/Non profit (%)
40
Private subsidized (%)
30
Private (%)
20
Public (%)
10
0
15
16
Main reason why child attended education/care center between
age (...)
70
60
50
%
40
30
20
Other reason
School year started
Learning and stimulation
Socialization with other children
Pediatrician's recommendation
To look for a job/study
Although I didn't work, I trusted childcare center
Had to work
10
0
Child's age range
17
18
100
%
80
60
40
Formal childcare
Mother/Father
Other relative
Non relatives
Alone/with another minor/at…
20
0
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
Colombia
100
%
80
60
40
Formal childcare
Mother/Father
Other relative
Non relatives
Alone/with another minor/at…
20
0
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
Ecuador
100
%
80
60
40
Formal childcare
Mother/Father
Other relative
Non relatives
Alone/with another minor/at…
20
0
0-1
1-2
2-3
3-4
Honduras
19
20
60
50
%
40
30
20
10
0
Rural
Urban
70
60
%
50
40
30
20
10
0
Income quintiles
I
II
III
IV
V
21
25
20
%
15
10
5
0
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
Mother does not participate
Nicaragua
Uruguay
Mother participates
30
25
%
20
15
10
5
0
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Ecuador
None
Some basic
Basic
Intermediate
Some superior
Superior
Nicaragua
Uruguay
Some intermediate
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56