pdf-obligaciones-tributarias compress

Diesel
Engines
Akshay Ighe
Rupesh Nathe
Mayur Joshi
Amit Jituri
ENGINE

Engine is a power plant of an
automobile which produces power and
through transmission and end drive
system and it runs the wheels which
in turns moves the vehicle in desired
direction at specic speed.
In this presentation we will discuss
about I.C. Diesel Engine.
Classication !" I#C#
Engine

Working Principle
Spark Ignition
Compression Ignition
Working Cycle
Otto Cycle
Diesel Cycle
Fuel
•
•

•
•

•
•
•
•
asoline
C!
"#
Diesel

N!# !" $trokes
$wo
$
wo Stroke
Stroke
•
•
%our Stroke
%ive Stroke
Si& Stroke
Stroke
Construction
•
•

•
•
•
•
•
•
•
In "ine Engine
'( Engine
E ngine
)(Engine
*(Engine
+adial Engine
+otary Engine
,o&er
,o&
er Engine

Metho% !" Fuel $uppl
$upply
y &o
&o Engine
Engin e
Carbureted Engine
•
•

%uel In-ected
Metho%
!" 'u(rication
ist "ubrication
*et Sump "ubrication
•
•
•

Dry Sump "ubrication
Metho% !" Cooling
/ir Cooled Engine
"i0uid Cooled Engine
•
•

No# !" Cylin%ers
Single Cylinders
ulti Cylinders
•
•

$#I# Engine1(It runs on Otto cycle and fuel
is ignited by spark.
•
$ypes
$
ypes Of %
%uel
uel




asoline 2C34536
C!
"#
C#I# Engine1( It runs on Diesel cycle and
%uel is ignited by 4igh pressure
Compression.
•
$ypes
$
ypes Of %
%uel
uel

Diesel 2C574786
Properties !" Diesel
$he chemical components
components or composition
composition of diesel fuel
fuel
include 9: percent of saturated hydrocarbons and 7:;
aromatic hydrocarbons. *hen broken down< it consists
of para=n that includes iso and cyclopara=ns as well as
naphthalene and alkyl ben>enes.
)istory !" Diesel Engine



$he diesel engine was developed
by erman inventor +udolf Diesel in 53@8.
Since the 5@5As they have been used
in submarines and ships.
In the 5@8As< they slowly began to be used
in few automobiles.

Since
theon(road
5@9As< and
the use
of diesel
engines
in larger
oB(road
vehicles
increased.
Engine &erminology

&op Dea% Center 2&DC*+ $he
topmost position of the piston in
the engine cylinder.
 ,ottom Dea% Center -,DC*+
$he bottommost position of the
the
piston in the engine cylinder
cylinder..

Cylin%er ,ore -D*+ $he
cylindrical barrel shaped passage
in which the piston reciprocates.

$troke -s*+ $he distance
distance
travelled by the piston from $DC
to ,DC.

Clearance
.olume-/c*+
$he
volume remaining
between
piston and cylinder when the
piston
is
at
top
dead
centre.
 $0ept .olume-/s*+ $he
volume of a cylinder swept by
the piston while moving from
one dead centre to another.
&otal .olume -/t*+ Swept volume 
Clearance
Cleara
nce volume  $
$otal
otal volume.
-/s 1 /c2/t*#
 Cu(ic Capacity -CC*+ Cubic
capacity is the total volume of the
engine cylinders taken by piston
movement 2piston stroke6.
stroke6.

Diesel Cycle

P3/ Diagram+3
•
•
•
•
/(,1 Compression.
/(,1
,(C1 Ignition.
C(D1 E&pansion.
D(/1 E&haust.

•
•
•
•
&3$ Diagram+
/(,1 /diabatic compression.
,(C1 Isobaric ignition.
C(D1 /diabatic e&pansion.
D(/1 Isobaric e&haust.

Cranksha"t+3 $he crankshaft<
sometimes called as crank< is the
part of an engine that translates
reciprocating
recipr
ocating linear piston motion
into rotation.

Camsha"t+3 It is a rotating shaf
shaftt with one or
more cams fastened to it. It is used to
operate valves of internal combustion
engines.

Connecting ro%+3 In a
reciprocating
recipr
ocating piston engine<
the
connecting
rod connects
the piston
to
the crank
or crankshaft.
$ogether
with the
crank< they form a simple mechanism that
converts reciprocating
reciprocating motion into rotating
motion.

Piston+3It is a reciprocating component of
engine used to transfer force from
e&panding
gas via
in the
cylinder
torod.
the crankshaft
a connecting
co
nnecting

•
•
/al.es+3
Intake valve1($he
intake valve opens to allow
the
airto
into
the
combustion
chamber
thenfresh
closes
seal
the
chamber during
compression and power stroke.
Exhaust valve1($he intake valve opens to
allow the burnt gases to emit out of the
combustion chamber then closes to seal the
chamber during compression and power
stroke.
/al.
e
/al.e
$tem
$pri
ng
Intak
e
Port
E4ha
ust
Port
/al.
e
/al.e
$eat

Fuel in5ector+3 %uel in-ector is a
main component of diesel engine. It
in-ects high pressure fuel into the
combustion chamber in atomi>ed
form.
Working Principle o"
Compression Ignition
Denition + &he concept (ehin%
compression ignition in.ol.es using the
latent heat (uilt up (y highly compressing

•
air
insi%e
com(ustion
means
"oraigniting
"uel# cham(er as the
Charge of air gets compressed inside enclosed
chamber. 2compression ratio 75156
•
•
•
eneration
of tremendous heat and pressure
inside chamber.
#recise 0uantity of diesel fuel is sprayed under
high pressure 2atomisation6 into compressed air
inside chamber.
/ir fuel mi&ture gets ignited and burst into a
controlled e&plosion and pushes the piston
Construction
Working

Intake Strok
Stroke1(
e1(
$he intak
intake
e valve opens up<
letting in air and moving
the piston down.

Compression Stroke1(
$he piston moves
back up and
compresses the air
air..

#ower Or Combustion Stroke 1(
/s the piston reaches the top<
fuel is in-ected at -ust the
right moment and ignited<
forcing the piston back down.

E&haust1(
$he piston moves back to the top<
pushing out the e&haust
created from the combustion
out of the e&haust valve.
a .e
m ng3
Diesel
ro e
Compression Ratio
Compression +atio is a ratio of a cylinders
volume when the piston is at ,DC to the
cylinders volume when the piston is at
$DC.
 Comp.
+atio is ratio of volume of air
sucked into the cylinder to the volume it is

compressed
 $he compression ratio of diesel engine is
between 5315 to 7715.
&ypes !" In5ec
In5ection
tion $ystem
•
In%irect In5ection
$ystem-Pre3cham(er*
•
•
Direct
In5ection
$ystem-DI*
Common
Rail Direct
In5ection
$ystem-CRDI*
In%irect In5ection $ystem
Direct In5ection $ystem
Fuel In5ection
In5ection Pump
Common Rail Direct
In5ection $ystem
ODE+! DIESE" E!I!E
&)A&$ A'' F!'7$