Español

Anuncio
FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX
PROCESOS PSÍQUICOS IMPLICADOS
EN LAS MODALIDADES DE SIMBOLIZACIÓN
DE LOS ADOLESCENTES CONTEMPORÁNEOS
PSYCHICAL PROCESSES IMPLIED IN THE SYMBOLIZATION
MODALITIES OF CONTEMPORARY ADOLESCENTS
'XUiQ$OHMR
9
:
;
<
=
:
>
V
(QHOPDUFRGHODLQYHVWLJDFLyQ³
HQODSURGXFFLyQVLPEyOLFDGHQLxRV\DGROHVFHQWHVFRQ
SUREOHPDVGHDSUHQGL]DMH´8%$&<7GLULJLGR
SRUOD'UD6LOYLD6FKOHPHQVRQVHGHVDUUROOyXQDSUR
SXHVWDGHWDOOHUH[WUDFXUULFXODUFRQDGROHVFHQWHVHQHO
HVSDFLRHVFRODUFRQHO¿QGHH[SORUDUODVFRPSOHMDVGL
PHQVLRQHVVXEMHWLYDV\VLPEyOLFDVTXHSRWHQFLDQXREV
WDFXOL]DQHOGHVSOLHJXHVRFLDODXWyQRPRGHORVMyYHQHV
DFWXDOHV\DODYH]JHQHUDUKHUUDPLHQWDVTXHSURPXHYDQ
SURFHVRVGHLPDJLQDFLyQ\UHÀH[LyQOLJDGRVDVXH[SH
ULHQFLDHVFRODU
/RVREMHWLYRVGHOWDOOHUIXHURQ
‡ 3URPRYHUHOSHQVDPLHQWRFUHDWLYR\DXWyQRPRDSDUWLU
GHOLQWHUFDPELRVREUHVLWXDFLRQHVItOPLFDVFRPSDUWLGDV
‡ *HQHUDUHVWUDWHJLDVFUHDWLYDVPHGLDQWHODHODERUDFLyQ
GHPDWHULDOHQJXLRQHVHVFULWRVItOPLFRV\IRWRJUi¿FRV
‡ &RQVWUXLUHVSDFLRVGHWUDEDMRVREUHPRGDOLGDGHVGH
SURGXFFLyQ GH VHQWLGR SURSLDV GH ORV DGROHVFHQWHV
FRQWHPSRUiQHRV
‡ (ODERUDU HVSDFLRV TXH SURSLFLHQ OD UHGXFFLyQ GH ODV
GLVWDQFLDVH[LVWHQWHVHQWUHODHVFXHODPHGLD\HOHVSD
FLRXQLYHUVLWDULR
?
L
M
N
M
O
P
M
Q
R
N
M
S
T
@
A
B
C
D
A
D
E
F
G
H
E
I
G
J
E
K
A
W
;
X
9
V
Y
X
'XULQJWKHUHVHDUFK³,PDJLQDWLYHSURFHVVHVLQV\PEROLF
SURGXFWLRQV RI FKLOGUHQ DQG DGROHVFHQWV ZLWK OHDUQLQJ
SUREOHPV´ 8%$&<7 GLUHFWHG E\ 'UD 6LOYLD
6FKOHPHQVRQ DQ H[WUDFXUULFXODU ILOP ZRUNVKRS IRU
DGROHVFHQWHVZDVGHYHORSHGRQDKLJKVFKRROZLWKWKH
SXUSRVHRIH[SORULQJWKHFRPSOH[VXEMHFWLYHDQGV\PEROLF
GLPHQVLRQV WKDW HQKDQFH RU EORFN WKH VRFLDO DXWRQRP\
GHSOR\PHQW RI FRQWHPSRUDU\ DGROHVFHQWV JHQHUDWLQJ
UHVRXUFHVWKDWFRXOGSURPRWHLPDJLQDWLYHDQGUHÀHFWLYH
SURFHVVHVDVVRFLDWHGWRWKHLUVFKRODUH[SHULHQFH
7KHZRUNVKRSJRDOVZHUH
‡ 7RSURPRWHDXWRQRPXVDQGFUHDWLYHWKLQNLQJWKURXJK
WKHGLVFXVVLRQRIVKDUHG¿OPLFVLWXDWLRQV
‡ 7RJHQHUDWHFUHDWLYHVWUDWHJLHVZLWKWKHHODERUDWLRQRI
¿OPLFDQGSKRWRJUDSKLFVFULSWV
‡ 7REXLOGDZRUNVSDFHDURXQGVHQVHSURGXFWLRQPRGDOL
WLHVWKDWEHORQJWRFRQWHPSRUDU\DGROHVFHQWV
‡ 7RHODERUDWHVSDFHVWKDWFRXOGSURPRWHWKHUHGXFWLRQ
RIWKHGLVWDQFHEHWZHHQKLJKVFKRRODQGWKHXQLYHUVLW\
D
.H\ZRUGV
$GROHVFHQFH,PDJLQDWLRQ6\PEROL]DWLRQ5HÀHFWLRQ
U
U
$GROHVFHQFLD,PDJLQDFLyQ6LPEROL]DFLyQ5HÀH[LyQ
/LF(Q3VLFRORJtD8%$%HFDULR'RFWRUDO&21,&(7WLSR,$\XGDQWHGH7UDEDMRV3UiFWLFRV3VLFRSHGDJRJtD&OtQLFD&iWHGUD
'UD6FKOHPHQVRQ)DFXOWDGGH3VLFRORJtD8%$(PDLODOHMRGXUDQ#JPDLOFRP
!
"
#
$
%
&
'
'
(
)
*
$
+
,
*
,
-
.
,
-
$
/
0
,
*
$
"
"
#
$
1
!
#
$
/
1
2
+
,
*
-
$
3
-
$
4
5
!
,
.
,
/
6
$
)
!
+
$
*
*
,
!
"
#
$
/
%
&
'
'UD(Q3VLFRORJtD8%$3URIHVRUD$GMXQWD5HJXODU&iWHGUD3VLFRSHGDJRJtDFOtQLFD)DFXOWDGGH3VLFRORJtD8%$,QYHVWLJDGRUD8%$&\7\
7
*
-
,
+
-
$
*
,
0
-
(
,
+
DE LA PÁGINA 295 A LA 302
/
8
,
$
-
(
+
,
+
$
$
$
!
,
*
,
.
$
,
+
-
#
$
(
*
+
-
$
*
295
PROCESOS PSÍQUICOS IMPLICADOS EN LAS MODALIDADES DE SIMBOLIZACIÓN DE LOS ADOLESCENTES CONTEMPORÁNEOS
PSYCHICAL PROCESSES IMPLIED IN THE SYMBOLIZATION MODALITIES OF CONTEMPORARY ADOLESCENTS
Durán, Alejo; Dieguez, Analía; Álvarez, Patricia
Z
>
X
9
[
\
<
Y
Y
Z
]
>
(QHOPDUFRGHODLQYHVWLJDFLyQ³
ODSURGXFFLyQVLPEyOLFDGHQLxRV\DGROHVFHQWHVFRQSUR
EOHPDVGHDSUHQGL]DMH´8%$&<7GLULJLGRSRU
OD'UD6LOYLD6FKOHPHQVRQVHGHVDUUROOyXQDSURSXHVWD
GHWDOOHUH[WUDFXUULFXODUFRQDGROHVFHQWHVHQHOHVSDFLR
HVFRODUFRQHO¿QGHH[SORUDUODVFRPSOHMDVGLPHQVLRQHV
VXEMHWLYDV\VLPEyOLFDVTXHSRWHQFLDQXREVWDFXOL]DQHO
GHVSOLHJXHVRFLDODXWyQRPRGHORVMyYHQHVDFWXDOHV\D
ODYH]JHQHUDUKHUUDPLHQWDVTXHSURPXHYDQSURFHVRVGH
LPDJLQDFLyQ\UHÀH[LyQOLJDGRVDVXH[SHULHQFLDHVFRODU
(ODERUDPRV HO SUR\HFWR ³$GROHVFHQWHV XQLYHUVLGDG \
SURFHVRVFUHDWLYRV´HQHO3URJUDPDGH9R
OXQWDULDGR8QLYHUVLWDULRGHO0LQLVWHULRGH(GXFDFLyQGHOD
1DFLyQ\HQFRQWLQXLGDGHOSUR\HFWR³3URPRFLyQGHSUR
FHVRVLPDJLQDWLYRVHQDGROHVFHQWHVDFWXDOHV´8%$1(;
XQWDOOHUGHSURGXFFLyQDXGLRYLVXDOGHVWLQDGR
DHVWXGLDQWHVDGROHVFHQWHVGHXQDHVFXHODGHHGXFDFLyQ
PHGLDGHOD&LXGDGGH%XHQRV$LUHVFHUFDQDDOD)DFXO
WDGGH3VLFRORJtDGHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH%XHQRV$LUHVFRQ
HOREMHWLYRSULQFLSDOGHSURPRYHUHOSHQVDPLHQWRFUHDWLYR
\DXWyQRPRDWUDYpVGHODUHDOL]DFLyQGHWDOOHUHVGHYLVXD
OL]DFLyQGHPDWHULDOItOPLFRFUHDFLyQGHJXLRQHV\SURGXF
FLyQGHFRUWRPHWUDMHV
/DSODQL¿FDFLyQGHOWDOOHU\IXQGDPHQWDOPHQWHHOGHVDUUR
OORGHOPLVPRJHQHUDURQSUREOHPiWLFDVOLJDGDVDOGLVSR
VLWLYRFRPRUHVXOWDGRGHODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHODGLQiPLFD
LQVWLWXFLRQDO GRQGH VH HVWDEOHFtDQ ODV DFWLYLGDGHV ODV
SDUWLFXODULGDGHVGHORVDGROHVFHQWHVTXHFRQFXUUtDQDODV
PLVPDV\ODFRPSOHMDGLQiPLFDHQWUHpVWRV\HOPXQGR
DGXOWRTXHSURIXQGL]DURQORVHMHVGHDQiOLVLVGHHVWDV
LQYHVWLJDFLRQHV
?
@
A
B
C
D
A
D
E
F
G
H
E
I
G
J
E
K
A
D
C
I
^
V
>
X
:
Y
:
\
:
>
X
:
;
(VWHSUR\HFWRVHLQVFULEHHQHO3URJUDPDGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ
GHOD&iWHGUDGH3VLFRSHGDJRJtD&OtQLFDGHOD)DFXOWDG
GH3VLFRORJtDGH8QLYHUVLGDGGH%XHQRV$LUHVGLULJLGR
SRUOD'UD6LOYLD6FKOHPHQVRQFX\DVKLSyWHVLV\UHVXOWD
GRVFRQIRUPDQXQHQWUDPDGRWHyULFRGHLQYHVWLJDFLRQHV
DSDUWLUGHXQUHFRUWHGHREMHWRHVSHFt¿FRTXHFHQWUDHO
DQiOLVLVHQORVSURFHVRVSVtTXLFRVOLJDGRVDODSURGXFFLyQ
VLPEyOLFDGHQLxRV\DGROHVFHQWHV
(QHVHFRQWH[WRVHGHVDUUROOyODLQYHVWLJDFLyQ³
WHFQRORJtDVFRPSURPLVRSVtTXLFR\SURGXFFLyQVLPEyOL
´8%$&\736GLULJLGRSRUOD'UD3DWULFLD
ÈOYDUH] TXH UHDO]y HO DQiOLVLV VREUH ODV PRGDOLGDGHV
SDUWLFXODUHV GH VLPEROL]DFLyQ GH ORV DGROHVFHQWHV TXH
VRQ FRQVWUXLGDV HQ UHODFLyQ D VXV H[SHULHQFLDV \ VXV
SUiFWLFDVHQHOXVRGHODVQXHYDVWHFQRORJtDVGHLQIRUPD
FLyQ\FRPXQLFDFLyQ7,&
(VWDLQYHVWLJDFLyQSURSRUFLRQyXQDFHUFDPLHQWRHQXQ
PDUFR QR FOtQLFR D SURGXFFLRQHV GH ORV DGROHVFHQWHV
FRQWHPSRUiQHRVTXHDWUDYLHVDQVXVYLYHQFLDVFRWLGLDQDV
SHU¿ODQGRIRUPDVQRYHGRVDV\UHFRQRFLGDVFRPRSURSLDV
GHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ\HODERUDFLyQGHVXVSUREOHPiWLFDV\
FRQÀLFWRVÈOYDUH]&DQW~
6XV HMHV GH DQiOLVLV SURSLFLDURQ OD FDUDFWHUL]DFLyQ GH
PRGDOLGDGHVVXPDPHQWHFRPSOHMDVVREUHHOVHQWLGRTXH
SURGXFHQORVDGROHVFHQWHVHQODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHOPXQ
_
`
C
K
G
D
^
B
G
296
GRDVSHFWRVTXHVRQUHFRQRFLGRVFDVLFRQH[FOXVLYLGDG
HQORViPELWRVHVWDEOHFLGRVDOPDUJHQGHODVLQVWLWXFLRQHV
VRFLDOHVYDORUL]DGDV\RIHUWDGDVSRUHOPXQGRDGXOWR(O
DQiOLVLVVREUHHVWDVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVQRVSHUPLWLyDUULEDUD
ODFRQFHSWXDOL]DFLyQVREUHPRGDOLGDGHVGHSURGXFFLyQHQ
SODWDIRUPDV GLJLWDOHV FRPR HO FKDW FDUDFWHUL]DGD SRU
&DQW~>@FRPRXQHVSDFLRO~GLFRTXHIXQFLRQDFRPR
XQD RSRUWXQLGDG GH FRQVWLWXFLyQ GH VXEMHWLYLGDG HQ ODV
H[SHULHQFLDVTXHVHHVWDEOHFHQYLUWXDOPHQWH\ORVIRWR
ORJVTXHLQFOX\HQSURFHVRVGHFRQWLQXLGDGHQWUHODVIRU
PDV¿JXUDWLYDV\QDUUDWLYDVDVtFRPRODFRQVWUXFFLyQGH
QXHYRVFyGLJRVTXHFRPELQDQGLPHQVLRQHVGLVFXUVLYDV\
HVFULWXUDOHVDUWLFXODGRVDXQIXHUWHWUDEDMRLGHQWLWDULR
-XQWRDHVWRVHWUDEDMDURQORVDVSHFWRVQDUFLVLVWDV'Lp
JXH]HUyJHQRV\VLPEyOLFRV'XUiQ
TXHVHSRQHQHQMXHJRHQODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQGHORV
MyYHQHVHQUHODFLyQDVXH[SHULHQFLDFRQODVQXHYDVWHFQR
ORJtDV\PRGDOLGDGHVTXHLQFOX\HQSURFHVRVGHFRQWLQXLGDG
HQWUHODVIRUPDV¿JXUDWLYDV\QDUUDWLYDVODFRQVWUXFFLyQGH
QXHYRVFyGLJRVTXHFRPELQDQGLPHQVLRQHVGLVFXUVLYDV\
HVFULWXUDOHVÈOYDUH]&DQW~HOWUDEDMRGHHODERUD
FLyQGHOUHJLVWURWHPSRUDOTXHURPSHFRQVHFXHQFLDVOLQHD
OHVHQXQPRYLPLHQWRGHGHVWHPSRUDOL]DFLyQ6LELOLD
TXHFRQWLHQHDVSHFWRVGHLQPHGLDWH]ÀXLGH]\SODVWLFLGDG
\GHFRQVWUXFFLyQGHOHVSDFLRDSDUWLUGHQRFLRQHVTXH
SUREOHPDWL]DQORVSDUHVGLFRWyPLFRVFOiVLFRVGH³DGHQWUR
DIXHUD´ ³SULYDGRS~EOLFR´ *UXQLQ HVWDEOHFLHQGR
QXHYRVWHUULWRULRVOLPtWURIHV\WUDQVIRUPDQGRHOHVSDFLR
HPStULFRSRULQFRUSRUDFLyQGHODYLUWXDOLGDG
(VWDLQYHVWLJDFLyQSURSLFLyDGHPiVODDSHUWXUDDLQWHUUR
JDQWHVVREUHODGLQiPLFDTXHVHHVWDEOHFHHQWUHHVWDV
PRGDOLGDGHVSDUWLFXODUHVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQGHODGROHVFHQWH
\ORVHVSDFLRVLQVWLWXLGRVVRFLDOPHQWHFRPRIRUPDGRUHV\
HYDOXDGRUHVGHODSHUIRUPDQFHMXYHQLOTXHSHUPLWLHURQ
DSRUWDUPD\RUSUHFLVLyQDODERUGDMHGHODVUHODFLRQHVFRQ
ÀLFWLYDVHQWUHODRIHUWDVLPEyOLFDGHOPXQGRDGXOWR\ORV
PRGRVKHWHURJpQHRVGHFUHDFLyQVXEMHWLYD\VLQJXODU
3DUDOHODPHQWHDODHODERUDFLyQGHORVHMHVGHDQiOLVLVGH
HVWDV~OWLPDVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVHOGHVDUUROORGHOSUR\HFWR
³(OVXMHWRTXHDSUHQGHHQODpSRFDDFWXDO3URFHVRVGH
VXEMHWLYDFLyQHQHODSUHQGL]DMHHVFRODU\HQHOXVRGHODV
QXHYDVWHFQRORJtDV´%5VXEVLGLDGRSRUHO3UR
JUDPD GH &RRSHUDFLyQ %LODWHUDO HQWUH HO 0LQLVWHULR GH
&LHQFLD7HFQRORJtDH,QQRYDFLyQ3URGXFWLYDGHOD1DFLyQ
EDMRHQFRQMXQWRFRQHOHTXLSRGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ%UDVLOHUR
GLULJLGRSRUOD'UD$OEHUWLQD0LWMiQV0DUWtQH]ODDUWLFXOD
FLyQGHQXHVWUDVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVDSDUWLUGHODGLVFXVLyQ
FRQFHSWXDO\PHWRGROyJLFDGHVGHGLIHUHQWHVPDUFRVWHy
ULFRV\XQDDSUR[LPDFLyQDOWUDEDMRVREUHORVDYDWDUHVHQ
HOGHVDUUROORGHORVDVSHFWRVFUHDWLYRVGHQLxRV\DGROHV
FHQWHVGHQWURGHOPDUFRHGXFDWLYR
6XPDGRDHVWRODVUHXQLRQHVPDQWHQLGDVFRQHOFXHUSR
GLUHFWLYRGHOD%LEOLRWHFD1DFLRQDOGH%UDVLOSRVLELOLWDURQ
QRVyORXQDFHUFDPLHQWRDODVSUREOHPiWLFDVHQODSODQL
¿FDFLyQ\GHVDUUROORGHWDOOHUHVGHSURGXFFLyQDXGLRYLVXDO
GHVWLQDGRVDMyYHQHVVLQRWDPELpQDODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGH
a
N
b
M
P
Q
c
T
M
d
R
e
e
f
f
S
d
M
f
q
g
M
h
q
T
T
N
Q
i
h
b
L
N
M
j
Q
a
k
f
n
m
l
P
N
f
R
M
M
Q
f
d
R
N
g
m
f
M
T
Q
P
q
n
f
T
e
f
N
M
o
p
Q
M
m
n
M
f
Q
P
n
e
f
M
P
q
Q
T
T
N
d
e
P
N
M
M
Q
SURGXFFLRQHVUHDOL]DGDV\DODVSUREOHPiWLFDVLQVWDXUD
DE LA PÁGINA 295 A LA 302
FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX
GDVDSDUWLUGHODLQFOXVLyQGHODVQXHYDVWHFQRORJtDVHQ
ODHVFXHODHQDPERVSDtVHVVREUHODSRWHQFLDOLGDGGHORV
UHFXUVRV LPDJLQDWLYRV GH ORV MyYHQHV SXHVWD HQ MDTXH
GHELGRDOLPSDFWRGHHVWDLQFOXVLyQHQLQVWLWXFLRQHVSRVL
FLRQDGDVUtJLGDPHQWHHQUHODFLyQDSRVLEOHVWUDQVIRUPD
FLRQHV\PRYLPLHQWRVLQVWLWX\HQWHV
'HHVWDIRUPDORVDQWHFHGHQWHVLQYHVWLJDWLYRVPHQFLRQD
GRV\HOPRGHORGHWHRUL]DFLyQEDVDGRHQODSUREOHPiWLFD
FOtQLFDSURSLFLDURQODHODERUDFLyQGHXQSUR\HFWRTXHQRV
SHUPLWLHUDWUDEDMDUVREUHORVDVSHFWRVLPDJLQDWLYRV\UH
ÀH[LYRVHQODVSURGXFFLRQHVGHODGROHVFHQWHGHQWURGHXQ
PDUFRQRFOtQLFR
\
Z
;
:
r
[
s
=
:
X
[
\
[
t
[
u
v
V
\
:
t
V
:
w
x
:
9
Z
:
>
Y
Z
V
/RVREMHWLYRVGHOWDOOHUIXHURQ
‡ 3URPRYHUHOSHQVDPLHQWRFUHDWLYR\DXWyQRPRDSDUWLU
GHOLQWHUFDPELRVREUHVLWXDFLRQHVItOPLFDVFRPSDUWLGDV
‡ *HQHUDUHVWUDWHJLDVFUHDWLYDVPHGLDQWHODHODERUDFLyQ
GHPDWHULDOHQJXLRQHVHVFULWRVItOPLFRV\IRWRJUi¿FRV
‡ &RQVWUXLU HVSDFLRV GH WUDEDMR VREUH PRGDOLGDGHV GH
SURGXFFLyQ GH VHQWLGR SURSLDV GH ORV DGROHVFHQWHV
FRQWHPSRUiQHRV
‡ (ODERUDU HVSDFLRV TXH SURSLFLHQ OD UHGXFFLyQ GH ODV
GLVWDQFLDVH[LVWHQWHVHQWUHODHVFXHODPHGLD\HOHVSD
FLRXQLYHUVLWDULR
6HHVWDEOHFLyXQDSHUPDQHQFLDFRQXQDIUHFXHQFLDHVWL
SXODGDGHXQDYH]SRUPHVFRQFDGDJUXSRVLHPSUHHQHO
PLVPRGtDKRUDULR\OXJDUSDUDPDQWHQHUFRQVWDQWHVODV
YDULDEOHV HQ HO VHQR GH XQD LQVWLWXFLyQ DWUDYHVDGD SRU
SDURVGHOJUHPLRGRFHQWH\WRPDVGHVDUUROODGDVSRUHO
FHQWURGHHVWXGLDQWHV
/RVHTXLSRVGHWUDEDMRHVWDEDQFRQIRUPDGRVSRUXQFRRU
GLQDGRU SRU FDGD JUXSR GH FLQFR DGROHVFHQWHV \ GRV
FRRUGLQDGRUHVJHQHUDOHVTXHIXHURQORVHQFDUJDGRVGH
GDUODVFRQVLJQDV\RUJDQL]DUODWDUHD
/DVFRQVLJQDVVHIRUPXODEDQGHPDQHUDDELHUWDGHPRGR
TXHQRVHJHQHUDVHODLGHDGHXQDUHVSXHVWDXQLYRFDVLQR
TXHSURSLFLDUDODDSHUWXUDGHGLYHUVDVIRUPDVGHWUDEDMR
UHSUHVHQWDWLYRHYLWDQGRHOVHQWLGR~QLFRFRPRPHWD$Vt
WDPELpQODDXVHQFLDGHHYDOXDFLyQGHORVWUDEDMRVSHUPL
WLyTXHORVDGROHVFHQWHVVHODQ]DUDQVLQSUHVLyQDKDEODU
GHORTXHTXHUtDQ\OHVLQWHUHVDEDWUDEDMDU
(O SRVLFLRQDPLHQWR GHO DGXOWR HQ HVWH GLVSRVLWLYR IXH
SHQVDGRHQIXQFLyQGHSURSLFLDUHOLQYHVWLPLHQWRGHORV
SURFHVRV LPSOLFDGRV HQ FDGD DFWLYLGDG UHDO]DQGR ODV
SURGXFFLRQHVSRUIXHUDGHXQPDUFRFXUULFXODUFRQUHVXO
WDGRVHVSHUDEOHV\FXDQWL¿FDEOHV(VWDGLIHUHQFLDFRQODV
FRQVLJQDVHVFRODUHVTXHDOXGHQDXQDUHVSXHVWDFRUUHF
WDSURPRYLHURQHQORVDGROHVFHQWHVXQURGHRTXHHQVD
\DEDGLYHUVDVSRVLELOLGDGHVWDQWRHQODVWHPiWLFDVFRPR
HQODVIRUPDVGHUHVROXFLyQGHORVFRQÀLFWRV/RSHUPLWLGR
\ORSURKLELGRTXHGDEDFXHVWLRQDGRFRPROyJLFDELQDULD
SDUDKDFHUIRFRPiVHQODVPRGDOLGDGHVGHWUDPLWDFLyQ
TXHHQHOWHPDHQVtPLVPR
(O WDOOHU WXYR GLIHUHQWHV HWDSDV TXH FXOPLQDUtDQ FRQ OD
¿OPDFLyQGHORVFRUWRVSURGXFLGRVSRUORVDGROHVFHQWHV
(QSULPHUOXJDUVHSUR\HFWDURQXQDVHULHGH¿OPHVTXH
WHQtDQFRPRFDUDFWHUtVWLFDFRP~QODHVWUXFWXUDDELHUWD
DE LA PÁGINA 295 A LA 302
GHVHQWLGRVTXHKDFtDOXJDUDSURFHVRVGHLPDJLQDFLyQ
DUERUHVFHQWHV
/XHJRGHODSUR\HFFLyQVHGHVDUUROODURQFRQVLJQDVDELHU
WDV FRRUGLQDGRV SRU HVWXGLDQWHV XQLYHUVLWDULRV YROXQWD
ULRVPRGL¿FDUXQDSDUWHGHODWUDPDLPDJLQDUODYLGDGH
XQSHUVRQDMHVHFXQGDULRLPDJLQDURWUR¿QDOSRVLEOHDOD
KLVWRULDSURSXHVWDIXHURQDOJXQDVGHODVHVWUDWHJLDVGH
WUDEDMRVREUHODDSHUWXUDDSURGXFFLRQHVJUi¿FDV\QDUUD
WLYDVFRQXQIXHUWHFRQWHQLGRLGHQWL¿FDWRULR
3RVWHULRUPHQWHHOWUDEDMRVHRULHQWyDSDUWLUGHFRQVLJ
QDV\GHODFRRUGLQDFLyQSRUSDUWHGHOHTXLSRGHOSUR\HF
WRKDFLDODUHDOL]DFLyQGHJXLRQHVDUWLFXODQGRDVSHFWRV
¿JXUDWLYRV\QDUUDWLYRV,QYHQFLyQ\SURGXFFLyQGHHVFH
QDVVREUHXQDWUDPDQXHYDGHFDGDJUXSR6HFUHDURQ
HVWUDWHJLDVSDUDFRQYHUWLUGLFKDVWUDPDVHQIRUPDWRGH
FRUWRFLQHPDWRJUi¿FR\VHHODERUDURQORVJXLRQHV7DP
ELpQVHSURGXMHURQPDWHULDOHVSOiVWLFRV\HVFHQRJUi¿FRV
SDUDODHMHFXFLyQGHODVHVFHQDV
(VWHSHUtRGRVHH[WHQGLyGXUDQWHYDULRVHQFXHQWURVGX
UDQWHORVFXDOHVVHFRQWLQXyFRQODSUR\HFFLyQGHFRUWR
PHWUDMHVFRQHO¿QGHHVWDEOHFHUUHIHUHQFLDVHVWpWLFDV\
QDUUDWLYDV
8QDWHUFHUDLQVWDQFLDGHWUDEDMRVHLQLFLyFRQOD¿OPDFLyQ
GHORVFRUWRPHWUDMHVDSDUWLUGHORVJXLRQHVHODERUDGRV
SRUFDGDJUXSR(QHVWDHWDSDVHDEULHURQQXHYRVGHVD
ItRV\SUREOHPiWLFDVDOLQWHULRUGHFDGDHTXLSRHQWDQWR
VHGHELHURQDGDSWDUORVJXLRQHVDODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHO
HVSDFLR \ GH ORV DFWRUHV HOORV PLVPRV LPSOLFDGRV HQ
FDGDKLVWRULD(OWUDEDMRVREUHORVDVSHFWRVHVFHQRJUi¿
FRV\GHGUDPDWL]DFLyQGHODKLVWRULDSUHYLDPHQWHHODER
UDGDVHYROYLyIXHUWHPHQWHFDXWLYDQWHHQFDGDXQRGHORV
HQFXHQWURVHVWDEOHFLpQGRVHXQDSDUWLFLSDFLyQPX\DFWL
YD\GLQiPLFDGHSDUWHGHORVDGROHVFHQWHVTXLHQHVQR
IDOWDEDQDQLQJXQRGHORVJUXSRVWUDWDQGRGHRUJDQL]DU\
SUHVHUYDUVXVSURGXFFLRQHV-XQWRDHVWRXQDSRVWHULRU
LQVWDQFLD GH HGLFLyQ JHQHUy XQ QXHYR HVSDFLR SURSLFLR
SDUDHOWUDEDMRVREUHWUDQVIRUPDFLRQHV\SURGXFFLyQGH
VHQWLGRHQFDGDXQRGHORVJUXSRV\VLQJXODUPHQWHHQ
FDGDXQRGHVXVLQWHJUDQWHV/DRUJDQL]DFLyQDXWyQRPD
TXHGHVDUUROODURQHQHOWUDQVFXUVRGHWRGRHOSUR\HFWR
SHUPLWLyODFRQFUHFLyQGHJXLRQHVIXHUWHPHQWHFUHDWLYRV
\QRYHGRVRVWDQWRSDUDHOHTXLSRGHGRFHQWHVFRPRSDUD
ORVSURSLRVDGROHVFHQWHVTXLHQHVDPHGLGDTXHDYDQ]y
HOWDOOHUIXHURQLQWHUHViQGRVH\VRUSUHQGLpQGRVHSRUHO
FDXGDOFUHDWLYR\SURGXFWLYRGHVXVWUDEDMRV
(QHOHQFXHQWUR¿QDOVHSUR\HFWDURQORVFRUWRVFRPSDU
WLpQGRORV HQ HO FXUVR FRPSOHWR (VWD DFWLYLGDG SURGXMR
GHEDWHV\XQSHUFHSWLEOHMXELORGHORVDGROHVFHQWHVIUHQWH
DVXVSURGXFWRVWHUPLQDGRVTXHORVFRORFDEDHQSRVLFLyQ
GHDXWRUtDIUHQWHDORVRWURVSHURWDPELpQ\VREUHWRGR
IUHQWHDVtPLVPRV
/DSUR\HFFLyQGHORVFRUWRPHWUDMHVSURSLFLyXQHVSDFLR
GHLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ\GLVFXVLyQVREUHGLIHUHQWHVFDUDFWHUtV
WLFDVGHVHQFDGHQDGDVDSDUWLUGHOLPSDFWRGHODVKLVWR
ULDV6HSURGXMHURQGLHFLVLHWHFRUWRPHWUDMHVORVFXDOHV
GHVSHUWDURQXQDIXHUWHSDUWLFLSDFLyQHQORVJUXSRVGHEL
GRDODVWHPiWLFDVDERUGDGDV\DORVUHFXUVRVXWLOL]DGRV
SDUDQDUUDUODVKLVWRULDV(VWH~OWLPRPRPHQWRGHOWDOOHUVH
YROYLyLQVWDQFLDGHWUDEDMRFUHDWLYR\DVXYH]FUtWLFRDFHU
297
PROCESOS PSÍQUICOS IMPLICADOS EN LAS MODALIDADES DE SIMBOLIZACIÓN DE LOS ADOLESCENTES CONTEMPORÁNEOS
PSYCHICAL PROCESSES IMPLIED IN THE SYMBOLIZATION MODALITIES OF CONTEMPORARY ADOLESCENTS
Durán, Alejo; Dieguez, Analía; Álvarez, Patricia
FDGH ORVGLYHUVRVSRVLFLRQDPLHQWRVSODQWHDGRVHQORV
FRUWRPHWUDMHV
(OREMHWLYRGHWUDQVIHUHQFLDGHUHVXOWDGRVGHODVLQYHVWLJD
FLRQHVPHQFLRQDGDVHQODLQVWLWXFLyQHVFRODUVHFRPSOHML]y
DSDUWLUGHODVYLFLVLWXGHVGHOWDOOHULPSOLFDQGRODQHFHVLGDG
GHHODERUDFLyQGHUHFXUVRV\SURSXHVWDVQRYHGRVDVDODV
FRQÀLFWLYDVLPSUHYLVWDVTXHVHIXHURQSUHVHQWDQGR 6H
SODQWHyHQWRQFHVODQHFHVLGDGGHFRQFHSWXDOL]DUVREUHODV
QXHYDVIRUPDVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQWDQWRHQODGLPHQVLyQVR
FLDO H LQVWLWXFLRQDO FRPR HQ OD GLPHQVLyQ VLQJXODU SDUD
DSRUWDUKHUUDPLHQWDVGHDERUGDMHVREUHORVSURFHVRVGH
DSUHQGL]DMHHQODLQVWLWXFLyQHGXFDWLYDVXEUD\DQGRODLQWHU
VHFFLyQHQWUHODQHFHVLGDGGHQXHYDVRIHUWDVSHGDJyJLFDV
\ORVUHFXUVRVVXEMHWLYRV\VLPEyOLFRVSDUDODSURGXFWLYLGDG
VRFLRFXOWXUDOGHQXHVWUDpSRFD
(VDVtTXHHOGLVSRVLWLYRGHOWDOOHUVHIXHPRVWUDQGRFRPR
XQHVSDFLRSULYLOHJLDGRSDUDLQYHVWLJDUSURFHVRVQRYHGR
VRVGHOGHVSOLHJXHLPDJLQDWLYRHQDGROHVFHQWHVSRWHQ
FLDGRUHVGHSRVLFLRQDPLHQWRVFUtWLFRV\UHÀH[LYRVIUHQWHD
VXVSURSLDVSURGXFFLRQHV\HQUHODFLyQDORVREMHWRVVR
FLDOHVLQFOXLGRVORVRIHUWDGRVSRUODLQVWLWXFLyQHVFRODU
/DVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHOGLVSRVLWLYRFRQVWUXLGRHQHOWDOOHU
GHFLQHORVREMHWLYRV\ODVPRGDOLGDGHVGHLQWHUYHQFLRQHV
TXHODVFRQGLFLRQDQQRVSHUPLWHQSHQVDUHQODLQWHUVHF
FLyQ HQWUH ODV FRQFHSWXDOL]DFLRQHV SURYHQLHQWHV GH OD
FOtQLFDGHDGROHVFHQWHVFRQSUREOHPDVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQ
HVWRHVHOFDPSRGHODVDOXG\HOHQWUDPDGRLQVWLWXFLRQDO
HGXFDWLYR /D ULTXH]D GHO PDWHULDO TXH EULQGDURQ HVWRV
SUR\HFWRVDFRPSDxyUHFXUVLYDPHQWHODSODQL¿FDFLyQ\ORV
OLQHDPLHQWRVLQLFLDOHVGHGRVWHVLVGRFWRUDOHVTXHFRQVWL
WX\HQHOQ~FOHRFHQWUDOGHHVWHWUDEDMRGHELGRDORVSUR
EOHPDVGLVFULPLQDGRV\DODIRUPXODFLyQGHSUHJXQWDVTXH
SRVLELOLWDURQXQDIHFXQGDDUWLFXODFLyQFRQFHSWXDO
\
Z
=
:
>
;
Z
[
>
:
;
\
:
V
>
y
t
Z
;
Z
;
/DVWHVLVGRFWRUDOHV³/RVWUDEDMRVSVtTXLFRVGHLPDJLQD
FLyQ \ UHÀH[LyQ HQ OD DGROHVFHQFLD´ GH $OHMR 'XUiQ \
³7UDEDMRVGHODLQWLPLGDG\SURFHVRVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQHQ
ODDGROHVFHQFLD´GH$QDOtD'LpJXH]SDUWHQGHODQiOLVLVGH
ODH[SHULHQFLDUHDOL]DGDHQHOWDOOHUSDUDSURGXFLUFRQFHS
WXDOL]DFLRQHVHVSHFt¿FDVGHODVSUREOHPiWLFDVDFWXDOHV
GHODDGROHVFHQFLD
$PEDVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVHVWXGLDQHOSURFHVRGHSURGXF
FLyQHQHOWDOOHUSDUDDQDOL]DUODVWUDQVIRUPDFLRQHVVXEMH
WLYDV\VLPEyOLFDVGHORVMyYHQHVUHFRUWDQGRHMHVGHDQi
OLVLVHVSHFt¿FRV
$ERUGDQODSURGXFFLyQVLPEyOLFDFRPRXQSURFHVRFRP
SOHMR\KHWHURJpQHRTXHDUWLFXODGLYHUVDVIRUPDVGHWUD
EDMRUHSUHVHQWDWLYRGHLQYHVWLPLHQWR\GHVLQYHVWLPLHQWR
GHREMHWRVHQXQWUDEDMRGHHODERUDFLyQGHVHQWLGRVXE
MHWLYR\VLQJXODUDSDUWLUGHFRQÀLFWLYDVHVWDEOHFLGDVSRUOD
WHQVLyQGLQiPLFD\FRQÀLFWLYDHQWUHSXOVLyQ\REMHWR*UHHQ
7UDEDMDQGRHQHODQiOLVLVGHODVIRUPDVSDUWLFXODUHV
TXHWLHQHHOVXMHWRGHLQWHUSUHWDUHOPXQGR\GHUHSUHVHQ
WDUVHHQHOWUDEDMRGHUHVROXFLyQGHHVWDFRQÀLFWLYD
/DVLPEROL]DFLyQÈOYDUH]UHPLWHHQWRQFHVDXQD
DFWLYLGDGUHSUHVHQWDWLYDFRPSOHMDTXHHQOD]D\FRPELQD
GRVIRUPDVGLIHUHQFLDGDVGHUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVFRQVXV
UHVSHFWLYDVOHJDOLGDGHVSDUDSURGXFLUXQUHVXOWDGRTXH
298
HVPiVTXHXQDVXPDHQWUHpVWDVRXQPHURUHHPSOD]R
HQDUWLFXODFLyQFRQODGLQiPLFDGHLQYHVWLPLHQWRV\GHVLQ
YHVWLPLHQWRVTXHSRVLELOLWDHOWUDEDMRGHOLJD]yQGHVOLJD
]yQUHOLJD]yQ
$VtODVLPEROL]DFLyQH[SUHVDIRUPDVGHRUJDQL]DFLyQ\
IXQFLRQDPLHQWRGHODDFWLYLGDGSVtTXLFDGHOVXMHWR6FKOH
PHQVRQLQFOX\HQGRHOGHVSOLHJXHGHHQODFHVUH
SUHVHQWDWLYRV\DIHFWLYRVHQXQHQWUDPDGRTXHDUWLFXOD
SURFHVRV SULPDULRV FRQ ORV SURFHVRV VHFXQGDULRV /D
DFWLYLGDGGHUHSUHVHQWDFLyQVHYXHOYHKHWHURJpQHDDUWL
FXODQGRIRUPDVGHHODERUDFLyQFRQIXQFLRQDPLHQWRVGLV
WLQWRVTXHQRVHDQXODQQLUHHPSOD]DQÈOYDUH]
$'LPHQVLRQHVGHDQiOLVLVGH³/RVWUDEDMRVSVtTXL
FRVGHLPDJLQDFLyQ\UHÀH[LyQHQODDGROHVFHQFLD´
$$QiOLVLVGHODLPDJLQDFLyQHQORVSURFHVRVGHVLPEROL
]DFLyQ
/D SURGXFFLyQ GH VtPERORV HV SDUD &DVWRULDGLV SURGXFWRGHOWUDEDMRGHODLPDJLQDFLyQUDGLFDOTXH
VHGHVDUUROODGHVGHORVRUtJHQHVGHOSVLTXLVPR/DSUH
VHQWDFRPRFUHDFLyQH[QLKLORGHQXHYDVIRUPDVFRPR
OD FDSDFLGDG RULJLQDULD \ FRQVWLWXWLYD GH OD SVLTXH GH
FUHDFLyQ\RUJDQL]DFLyQGHLPiJHQHVTXHVRQSDUDHOOD
IXHQWHVGHSODFHUFRQLQGHSHQGHQFLDGHORVREMHWRVH[
WHUQRVSXHVFRQVLGHUDTXHODLPDJLQDFLyQHVPiVTXHOD
FRPELQDFLyQGHREMHWRV\DGDGRVJHQHUDQGRODFDSDFL
GDGGHSODQWHDU¿JXUDVHLPiJHQHV$KRUDELHQOHMRVGH
UHPLWLUDXQWUDEDMRSVtTXLFRDLVODGRGHODH[SHULHQFLD\
VLJQL¿FDFLRQHVLPDJLQDULDVVRFLDOHVD¿UPDTXHODFUHD
FLyQSHUWHQHFHGHPDQHUDGHQVD\PDVLYDDOVHUVRFLR
KLVWyULFRHVGHFLUTXHHOVXMHWRHPEHELGRHQHO
LPDJLQDULRVRFLDOHVSURGXFWR\SURGXFWRUGHOPLVPR1R
UHVSRQGHDQLQJXQDUDFLRQDOLGDGQLIXQFLRQDOLGDGELROyJL
FDHLQFRUSRUDHOHPHQWRVHQLJPiWLFRVTXHSXOVDQODSUR
GXFWLYLGDGVLPEyOLFDLPDJLQDWLYDGHORVVXMHWRV&DVWRULD
GLV
3DUDHODXWRUODLPDJLQDFLyQVHJXQGDQRSURYLHQHGHOD
LQGXFFLyQ HPStULFD QL GH OD GHGXFFLyQ OyJLFD VLQR TXH
VHWUDWDGHLQYHQFLRQHVTXHSURYLHQHQGHODFUHDFLyQGH
QXHYRVHVTXHPDVLPDJLQDULRV&DVWRULDGLV$VtHO
PRYLPLHQWRLQVWLWX\HQWHVHSUHVHQWDFRPRFUHDFLyQGHOD
SVLTXHFRQGLFLRQDGDSRUHOHPHQWRVVLPEyOLFRVHQWUDPD
GRVHQODUHDOLGDGKLVWyULFRVRFLDOGHOVXMHWR
5HWRPDQGR D &DVWRULDGLV 1DMPDQRYLFK SODQWHD
TXHORQXHYRTXHHPHUJHQRHVWiSUHIRUPDGRQLSUH¿JX
UDGRQLODWHQWHDQWHVGHOOHJDUDODH[LVWHQFLDGHORLPD
JLQDULR (VWR QR TXLHUH GHFLU TXH VX HPHUJHQFLD VHD
FRPSOHWDPHQWHLQPRWLYDGD7RGRORFRQWUDULRWRGDFUHD
FLyQLPDJLQDULDQDFHHQODKLVWRULD\HVWiWHMLGDFRQORV
PDWHULDOHVTXHHOODEULQGDSHURDOPLVPRWLHPSRHVXQD
FUHDFLyQFRPSOHWDPHQWHQXHYD
3RGHPRVSHQVDUHQWRQFHVDORV
FRPRIRUPDVGHWUDEDMRSVtTXLFRTXHFRPELQDQ\HQWUHOD
]DQGLYHUVDVPDWHULDOLGDGHVH[SUHVLYDVDIHFWRVHPRFLR
QHVLPiJHQHVSDODEUDVRULHQWDGDVDODFRQVWUXFFLyQGH
SHQVDPLHQWRV(VWDSXHVWDHQVHQWLGRGHODVFRVDVGHVt
PLVPR\GHORVRWURVVHUHDOL]DHQFRQWLQXLGDGFRQHOSURSLR
SDVDGRHLPSOLFDODSRVLELOLGDGGHSUR\HFFLyQHQH[SHULHQ
^
z
@
A
B
C
D
A
D
E
F
G
H
E
I
G
J
E
K
A
D
DE LA PÁGINA 295 A LA 302
FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX
T
FLDVIXWXUDV6FKOHPHQVRQÈOYDUH]&DQW~
3RUVXSDUWH&pVDU\6DUD%RWHOODSRQHQHQUHDOFH
WUDEDMRGH¿JXUDELOLGDGGHOSVLTXLVPRFRPRXQSURFHVR
SVtTXLFRIXQGDGRUGHOLJDGXUDGHHOHPHQWRVKHWHURJp
QHRVFRPROD³YtDUHJLD´GHWRGDLQWHOLJLELOLGDGFXPSOLHQ
GR XQ SDSHO GH UHRUJDQL]DGRU GHO FRQMXQWR GH OD YLGD
SVtTXLFDDSDUWLUGHQXHYDV³¿JXUDV´
6DPL$OtSODQWHDODLPSOLFDQFLDGHOFXHUSR
HQODFRQVWUXFFLyQLPDJLQDULDGHOWLHPSR\GHOHVSDFLR
D¿UPDQGRTXHHVWDVSURGXFFLRQHVUHPLWHQDODUHODFLyQ
SULPRUGLDOGHOVXMHWRFRQODVLPDJRVSDUHQWDOHV\HQVH
JXQGDLQVWDQFLDDODSUR\HFFLyQODWHQWHGHOFXHUSRSURSLR
'HHVWDPDQHUDODSURGXFFLyQLPDJLQDULDVHHQFXHQWUD
FRQGLFLRQDGDSRUXQ³HVTXHPDGHUHSUHVHQWDFLyQ´FRQV
WLWXLGRSRUODLQVFULSFLyQFRUSRUDODSDUWLUGHODVYLFLVLWXGHV
HQODUHODFLyQGHOVXMHWRFRQODV¿JXUDVPDWHUQD\SDWHUQD
GHOLPSDFWRHUyJHQR\VLPEyOLFRGHHVWDH[SHULHQFLD
3ODQWHDGDODLPSOLFDQFLDGHOWUDEDMRGHODLPDJLQDFLyQHQ
OD DFWLYLGDG UHSUHVHQWDWLYD QRV SUHJXQWDPRV VREUH HO
GHVHQODFHGHVXVSURGXFWRVHQHOSURSLRVXMHWR\HOSDSHO
GHOWUDEDMRUHÀH[LYRHQORVSURFHVRVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQ
N
$/DUHÀH[LyQHQORVSURFHVRVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQ
WUDEDMRGHUHÀH[LyQ
LPDJLQDFLyQFRPRDOWHUDFLyQ\FUHDFLyQLQpGLWDHQWDQWR
HVSUHVHQWDGDSRU&DVWRULDGLVFRPRODYXHOWDGHO
SHQVDPLHQWRVREUHVtPLVPRHQODLQWHUURJDFLyQGHORV
FRQWHQLGRVVXVSUHVXSXHVWRVVXVIXQGDPHQWRV<FRPR
SUHVHQWDFLyQGHQRYHGRVDV¿JXUDVGHORSHQVDEOH5H
ÀH[LyQFRPRWUDEDMRGHO\RTXHLPSOLFDXQDREMHWDOL]DFLyQ
*UHHQ VREUH VXV SURFHVRV ÈOYDUH] HQ
WDQWRWUDEDMRGHLQWHUURJDFLyQ\FUHDFLyQDQWHORVPLVPRV
&DVWRULDGLVSUHVHQWDHOFRQFHSWRGHVXEMHWLYLGDG
UHÀH[LYDDOXGLHQGRDXQWUDEDMRGHDOWHUDFLyQGHODVUHOD
FLRQHVHQWUHODVLQVWDQFLDVSVtTXLFDVGHPRGRGHOLEHUDU
ODLPDJLQDFLyQUDGLFDOHLQWHUURJDUORVPRGRVHVWDEOHFLGRV
GHFRQVWUXLUVHQWLGRVREUHODH[SHULHQFLDVXEMHWLYD(VWH
WUDEDMRGHDOWHUDFLyQGHLQVWDQFLDVUHPLWHHQWRQFHVDOLQ
YHVWLPLHQWRVREUHODLQWHUURJDFLyQGHODVFRQÀLFWLYDVSVt
TXLFDVTXHVHHVWDEOHFHQHQODWHQVLyQGHORVPRYLPLHQ
WRVLQVWLWX\HQWHVGHFUHDFLyQ\DSHUWXUDGHVHQWLGRFRQ
ODVVLJQL¿FDFLRQHVVRFLDOHVLQVWLWXLGDVTXHRUJDQL]DQOD
H[SHULHQFLD
3RGHPRVSHQVDUXQDSRVLEOHDUWLFXODFLyQHQWUHHOWUDEDMR
UHÀH[LYRGHSXHVWDHQMXHJRGHOWUDEDMRLPDJLQDWLYR DO
VHUYLFLRGHQXHYDVIRUPDVGHSHQVDUODH[SHULHQFLDVXE
MHWLYDFRQODVFRQFHSWXDOL]DFLRQHVGH$QGUp*UHHQ
HQWDQWRSODQWHDTXHH[SUH
VREUHORV
VDQ IRUPDV SHUPHDEOHV \ WUDQVLFLRQDOHV GH SXHVWD HQ
HQWUH ORV
UHODFLyQ HQ XQ HTXLOLEULR VLHPSUH
SURFHVRVSULPDULRV\VHFXQGDULRVGHWDOPDQHUDTXHORV
SULPDULRVOLPLWDQODVDWXUDFLyQGHORVVHFXQGDULRV\ORV
VHFXQGDULRVODGHORVSULPDULRVGDQGRFXHQWDGHLQWHUPH
GLDFLRQHVSRVLEOHVHQWUHORVSURFHVRVGHFUHDFLyQLPDJL
QDULDDQLYHOGHODSVLTXHVLQJXODU\ORVSURFHVRVVHFXQ
GDULRVTXHFDUDFWHUL]DQODRUJDQL]DFLyQ\HODFFHVRDODV
VLJQL¿FDFLRQHVVRFLDOPHQWHFRPSDUWLGDV
(QWRQFHV ORV WUDEDMRV LPDJLQDWLYRV \ UHÀH[LYRV VH HQ
FXHQWUDQIXHUWHPHQWHLPSOLFDGRVHQODVIRUPDVVXEMHWLYDV
j
N
Q
z
@
A
B
C
D
A
D
J
C
@
B
T
E
G
S
@
{
E
A
T
N
S
T
T
Q
T
d
f
M
N
m
M
P
D
E
DE LA PÁGINA 295 A LA 302
R
I
C
D
J
G
|
}
C
M
m
T
d
Q
M
P
N
M
GH LQWHUSUHWDU OD H[SHULHQFLD VLQJXODU DWUDYHVDQGR ORV
SURFHVRVTXHHQYXHOYHQODUHVROXFLyQGHVXVFRQÀLFWLYDV
HVSHFt¿FDVDVtFRPRWDPELpQHQHODSUHQGL]DMHHQWHQGL
GRFRPRXQSURFHVRDSDUWLUGHOFXDOHOVXMHWRFRQVWUX\H
QRYHGDGHVHQLQWHUUHODFLyQGLDOpFWLFDFRQORVREMHWRVVR
FLDOHVGLVSRQLEOHV6FKOHPHQVRQ
$VtHQWDQWRODVFRQÀLFWLYDVHQODDGROHVFHQFLDVHIXQGDQ
HQODWUDQVIRUPDFLyQGHDVSHFWRVOLJDGRVDODLQVFULSFLyQ
FRUSRUDO\ORVSURFHVRVGHKLVWRUL]DFLyQTXHVRVWLHQHQVX
H[SHULHQFLDHQHOPXQGRORVWUDEDMRVGHLPDJLQDFLyQ\GH
UHÀH[LyQ IRUMDQ OD FRKHVLyQ QDUFLVLVWD \ OD HODERUDFLyQ
LGHQWL¿FDWRULD
%'LPHQVLRQHVGHDQiOLVLVGH³7UDEDMRVGHODLQWLPL
GDG\SURFHVRVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQHQODDGROHVFHQFLD´
(ODQiOLVLVGHODFRQVWLWXFLyQGHORtQWLPRHQODDGROHVFHQ
FLDSXHGHSHQVDUVHHQUHODFLyQDODHVSHFL¿FLGDGGHORV
SURFHVRVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQ(VQHFHVDULRHQWRQFHVFDUDF
WHUL]DUODVHVSHFL¿FLGDGHVGHORVSURFHVRVSVtTXLFRVHQ
ODDGROHVFHQFLDHVWDEOHFHUORVWUDEDMRVVLPEyOLFRV\ODV
WUDQVIRUPDFLRQHVTXHUHTXLHUHQ(QHVWHVHQWLGRODLQWHU
SUHWDFLyQGHORVPRGRVGHSUHVHQWDFLyQ\UHVROXFLyQGH
ODFRQÀLFWLYDSVtTXLFDVHYXHOYHQHVHQFLDOHVSDUDHVWDEOH
FHUODVGLIHUHQWHVPRGDOLGDGHVGHDUWLFXODFLyQGHOFRQÀLF
WRFRQIRUPDVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQRWUDEDMRUHSUHVHQWDWLYR
/DSULPHUDHWDSDGHODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHHVWDWHVLVVHDER
FRQ ODV
FD D OD FRQVWLWXFLyQ GHO FRQFHSWR GH
PHGLDFLRQHVHVSHFt¿FDVFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHVDORVSURFH
VRV DGROHVFHQWHV \ D ODV PRGDOLGDGHV GH SURGXFFLyQ
VLPEyOLFDTXHVHDQDOL]DQDORODUJRGHOWDOOHUGHSURGXF
FLyQDXGLRYLVXDO
'LYHUVRVDXWRUHVHQHOFDPSRGHOSVLFRDQiOLVLVFRQWHP
SRUiQHRUHDOL]DQGLYHUVRVDSRUWHVTXHQHFHVLWDQVHUWUD
EDMDGRVSDUDSURGXFLUXQHQWUDPDGRWHyULFRTXHVRVWHQJD
HODQiOLVLVGHOPDWHULDO
/DYLGDtQWLPDTXHHOSVLFRDQiOLVLVFRQYRFD\UHKDFHQR
HVVRODPHQWHXQDLQWLPLGDGGHSURIXQGLGDGHVJHQHUDOHV
RJHQHUDOL]DEOHVVLQRWDPELpQXQDLQWLPLGDGGHORVLQJX
ODU(VWRFRQGXFHDSHQVDUORtQWLPRFRPRUHSUHVHQWDFLyQ
GHOVXMHWRHQYtDVGHFRQVWLWXFLyQ\UHYXHOWD
/RtQWLPRVHUtDSDUDQRVRWURVXQHVSDFLRGHWUDEDMRSVt
TXLFRTXHVHHQFXHQWUDHQUHODFLyQFRQHOFRQFHSWRGH
ZLQQLFRWWLDQRSRWHQFLDGRUGHODDFWL
YLGDGUHÀH[LYD\FUHDWLYDTXHQRHVLQWHUVXEMHWLYRVLQRTXH
VHFRQVWUX\HHQVROHGDGDXQTXHQRHVVLQHORWUR'LFKR
WUDEDMRUHRUJDQL]DHOQDUFLVLVPR\FRPSOHML]DODWRSRORJtD
GHORVHVSDFLRVDGHQWURDIXHUDSXEOLFRSULYDGR
$UIXFKVHxDODXQXPEUDOLQFLHUWRHQWUHORS~EOLFR\
ORSULYDGRTXHUHVXOWDLPSUHVFLQGLEOHLQGDJDUSDUDQXHVWUD
FRQVWUXFFLyQFRQFHSWXDOGHORtQWLPR(OELQRPLRS~EOLFR
SULYDGRUHVXOWDGHXQDGLFRWRPtDHQODFXDOXQRGHORV
WpUPLQRV FRQOOHYD FLHUWD QHJDWLYLGDG \ TXH VH DVRFLD D
RWUDVGLFRWRPtDVWDOHVFRPRDGHQWURDIXHUDLQGLYLGXDO
VRFLDOHWF
$OXGHDORSULYDGRFRPRORVHFUHWRTXHFRQWLHQHORtQWLPR
SHUR VRVWLHQH TXH ORV WpUPLQRV SXEOLFRSULYDGR HVWiQ
VLHPSUHHQLQWHUDFFLyQGLDOyJLFD(QHVWDOtQHDXQDSDUWH
GHORtQWLPRVHKDUiS~EOLFRWUDWiQGRVHGHXQ\R³YHUGD
GHUR´HOPiVtQWLPRTXHH[SUHVDSHQVDPLHQWRVDIHFWRV
E
C
D
z
G
B
E
A
J
@
G
I
D
E
B
E
A
I
G
I
J
E
F
E
~
G
~
}
299
PROCESOS PSÍQUICOS IMPLICADOS EN LAS MODALIDADES DE SIMBOLIZACIÓN DE LOS ADOLESCENTES CONTEMPORÁNEOS
PSYCHICAL PROCESSES IMPLIED IN THE SYMBOLIZATION MODALITIES OF CONTEMPORARY ADOLESCENTS
Durán, Alejo; Dieguez, Analía; Álvarez, Patricia
FDUiFWHUTXHVHHVWDEOHFHHQXQDUHGGHUHODFLRQHVVRFLD
OHV1RKD\D¿UPDFLyQGHODVXEMHWLYLGDGQLGHOUHODWRGH
ODH[SHULHQFLDTXHQRVHDHQXQVHQWLGRFROHFWLYRTXH
H[SUHVDDXQJUXSRHQXQDpSRFDGHWHUPLQDGD6HWUDWD
GH XQD QDUUDWLYD FRP~Q GH LGHQWLGDG HQ OD TXH $UIXFK
DUWLFXODHO\R\HOQRVRWURV
(O\RTXHGDSODQWHDGRSRUODDXWRUDFRPRXQDSRVLFLyQ
HQXQFLDWLYDGLDOyJLFDTXHVHGHVSOLHJDKDFLDODRWUHGDG
GHOVtPLVPR1RKDEUtDHQWRQFHVXQDVRODYHUVLyQGHO
VXMHWR VLQR P~OWLSOHV UHODWRV TXH FRQVWLWX\HQ OR SURSLR
GHOLQHDQGRDVtXQDGREOHRWUHGDGRWURSDUDORVRWURV\
RWURSDUDVtPLVPR
3DXOD 6LELOLD SURSRQH HO WpUPLQR H[WLPLGDG
H[SOLFDUODLQWLPLGDGYLVLEOHGHOPXQGRDFWXDOGLJLWDOTXH
VHGHVSOLHJDHQODZHE(OQHRORJLVPRUHPLWHDOD³H[KLEL
FLyQ GH OD LQWLPLGDG´ HQ ORV PHGLRV GH FRPXQLFDFLyQ
FRQWHPSRUiQHRVSUiFWLFDVTXHSDUDODDXWRUDFRQVWUX\HQ
VXEMHWLYLGDGRPRGRVGHVHUKLVWyULFRV6XSRVWXODGRHV
TXHODVSUiFWLFDVFRQIHVLRQDOHVHQLQWHUQHWJHQHUDQXQ\R
YLVLEOHFX\DFRQTXLVWDHVVHUFDGDYH]PiVYLVLEOH
1XHVWUDSRVLFLyQUHVSHFWRGHHVWRHVTXHORTXHSXHGH
H[KLELUVHHVODSULYDFLGDGSHURQRODLQWLPLGDGTXHQRHV
ORPLVPR\ODVGLIHUHQFLDVHQWUHXQD\RWUDWLHQHQFRQVH
FXHQFLDVDODKRUDGHGH¿QLUORVGRVWpUPLQRV
/DFDWHJRUtDGH
QRHVWiGH¿QLGDSRUHOSVLFRDQi
OLVLVUD]yQSRUODFXDODSDUHFHFRQFRQQRWDFLRQHVGLIHUHQ
WHVVHJ~QHOFRQWH[WRHQHOFXDOVHHQXQFLD1RVUHVXOWD
LPSUHVFLQGLEOHSRUHOORGLVWLQJXLUODGHODSULYDFLGDG\DTXH
HQPXFKRVFDVRVORVWpUPLQRVVHWRPHQFRPRVLQyQLPRV
6LFRQ.ULVWHYDVRVWHQtDPRVTXHORtQWLPRHVOR
PiVLQWHULRUGHOVXMHWRHVLQDVLEOHHLPSRVLEOHHQHODFFH
VRGLUHFWRDWUDYpVGHOGLVFXUVRFRQVFLHQWHPDOSRGUtD
PRVVRVWHQHUTXHVHH[KLEH(Q
OD DXWRUD SRVWXOD OD HVFULWXUD GHO
DGROHVFHQWHFRPRXQDSUiFWLFDVHPLyWLFDTXHUHRUJDQL]D
HOHVSDFLRSVtTXLFRSHUPLWLHQGRSRUFRQGHQVDFLyQ\GHV
SOD]DPLHQWRGHUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVGDUWHVWLPRQLRGHORV
FRQÀLFWRVGHO\R
6H DEUHQ DVt YDULRV LQWHUURJDQWHV ¢/D LQWLPLGDG HV XQ
"¢XQWUDEDMR"¢XQDH[SHULHQFLD"¢XQVLQyQLPRGH
LQWHULRULGDG"5HVSRQGHUHVWDV\RWUDVSUHJXQWDVVHUiHO
SURSyVLWRGHHVWDWHVLV
3URYLVRULDPHQWHSHQVDPRVTXHODVSURGXFFLRQHVVLPEy
OLFDVGHORVVXMHWRVSXHGHQVHUHQWHQGLGDVFRPRUHODWRV
GHVtSRGHPRVDQDOL]DUORVFRPRHQXQFLDFLRQHVGHVXMH
WRV TXH SRQHQ D MXJDU VX LGHQWLGDG HQ UHODFLyQ D VXV
FRQÀLFWLYDVDWUDYpVGHXQD¿FFLyQHODERUDGDFRQMXQWD
PHQWHFRQVXJUXSR6HGHVSOLHJDHQHVWDDFWLYLGDGHQ
MXHJRDOJRGHORtQWLPRTXHUR]DORLQFRPXQLFDEOHSHUR
TXHVHOLJDHQUHSUHVHQWDFLRQHVVHFXQGDULDVFRPSDUWL
EOHVFRQORVRWURVHQXQDFRPSOHMDWUDPDHQWUHORtQWLPR
\ORS~EOLFR
$UIXFKGLFH³ORtQWLPRSLGHVHUKDEODGR´DXQTXH
QRVRWURVSRGUtDPRVVRVWHQHUTXHHOVXMHWRQRSXHGHKD
EODUGHORtQWLPR3RUORWDQWRKDEUiTXHGDUP~OWLSOHVUR
GHRV1RVHUiHQWRQFHVODUHIHUHQFLDOLGDGDORVKHFKRV
ORTXHLPSRUWDRFyPRVHDGHFXHODWUDPDDODKLVWRULD
SDUWLFXODUGHFDGDMRYHQVLQRODVIRUPDVDXWRUUHIHUHQFLD
OHV\HOVHQWLGRTXHHOORVPLVPRVRWRUJDQDORVKHFKRVGH
m

€


‚

ƒ
„
J
C
A
D
z
~
A
300
C
}
G
}
F
G
P
M
ƒ
…
~
M
G
D
I
`
C
K
G
D
C
I
†
C
@
F
C
~
G
^
q
ODKLVWRULDTXHFXHQWDQ\ORVHIHFWRVGHODDXWRUtDIUHQWHD
VXVSURSLRVSURGXFWRVVLPEyOLFRV
$VtODFRQVWLWXFLyQGHOGLVSRVLWLYRFREUDLPSRUWDQFLDFD
SLWDOHQUHODFLyQDODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHOHQFXDGUHFRPR
FRQGLFLyQGHSRVLELOLGDGSDUDHOGHVSOLHJXHGHODVFRQÀLF
WLYDVHVSHFt¿FDVHQODDGROHVFHQFLD\ODVPRGDOLGDGHV
SDUWLFXODUHVGHUHVROXFLyQGHODVPLVPDV<FRQYRFDHQ
HOWUDEDMRLQYHVWLJDWLYRDSURIXQGL]DUHODQiOLVLVVREUHODV
FRPSOHMDVSURGXFFLRQHVVLPEyOLFDVGHORVDGROHVFHQWHV
ODDUWLFXODFLyQFRQFHSWXDOFRQVWDQWHVREUHVXVFRQÀLFWLYDV
\ODUHYLVLyQ\UHFRQ¿JXUDFLyQSHUPDQHQWHGHOGLVSRVLWLYR
\VXHQFXDGUHFRPRSRWHQFLDGRUGHORVSURFHVRVSVtTXL
FRVSURSLRVGHODDGROHVFHQFLD
/RVDYDQFHVHQODVLQYHVWLJDFLRQHVSUHVHQWDGDVSHUPL
WHQWUDEDMDUDSDUWLUGHXQSHQVDPLHQWRFOtQLFRORVSUR
FHVRVSVtTXLFRVLPSOLFDGRVHQODHODERUDFLyQGHVHQWLGR
GHORVDGROHVFHQWHVHQXQHQFXDGUHLQVWLWXFLRQDOHGXFD
WLYRSDUWLFXODU
3URFHVRVTXHUHVSRQGHQDFRQÀLFWLYDVSVtTXLFDVHVSHFt
¿FDVTXHVHYXHOYHQIXHUWHPHQWHVLOHQFLDGDVGHVPHQWL
GDVSRUODLQVWLWXFLyQVRFLDO\TXHKDVWDDKRUDKDQSRGLGR
VHU WUDEDMDGDV ~QLFDPHQWH HQ XQ HQFXDGUH FOtQLFR 'H
HVWD IRUPD HO PRYLPLHQWR UHFXUVLYR HQWUH HO GHVDUUROOR
LQYHVWLJDWLYRHOWUDEDMRFOtQLFR\ODVSUREOHPiWLFDVHGXFD
WLYDVDGTXLHUHQXQDSDUWLFXODU\QRYHGRVDGLQiPLFDTXH
UHDO]DODSRWHQFLDOLGDGGHODVIURQWHUDVGHQXHVWURREMHWR
GHDQiOLVLV
$VXYH]HOIXHUWHWUDEDMRVREUHODVSDUWLFXODULGDGHVGHO
HQFXDGUHVXEUD\DODLPSRUWDQFLDGHOSRVLFLRQDPLHQWRGHO
DGXOWRHQHOQHFHVDULR\FRPSOHMRSURFHVRGHHODERUDFLyQ
SUR\HFWRLGHQWL¿FDWRULR$XODJQLHUHQODDGR
OHVFHQFLD/RVDYDQFHVLQYHVWLJDWLYRVVREUHODVYLFLVLWX
GHV HQ OD FRQVWLWXFLyQ GHO HQFXDGUH HQ OD LQWHUVHFFLyQ
HQWUHVDOXG\HGXFDFLyQFRPRFRQGLFLyQGHSRVLELOLGDGGH
HVWHSURFHVRDPSOtDQHQWRQFHVHOHVSHFWURGHLQWHUYHQ
FLRQHVVREUHORVDYDWDUHVGHODDGROHVFHQFLDHLQFOX\HQ
ODV SUREOHPiWLFDV GHO PXQGR DGXOWR TXH UHTXLHUHQ VHU
WUDEDMDGDVGHVGHXQDSHUVSHFWLYDUHÀH[LYD\DELHUWD
T
{
d
D
DE LA PÁGINA 295 A LA 302
FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA - UBA / SECRETARÍA DE INVESTIGACIONES / ANUARIO DE INVESTIGACIONES / VOLUMEN XX
‡
ˆ
‡
‰
ˆ
Š
‹
Œ

Ž

$Ot6
—
•
œ
£
–
”
š
™
FLyQOLJDGDVDOXVRGHODVQXHYDVWHFQRORJtDVHQHOWUDWDPLHQWR
SVLFRSHGDJyJLFRGHS~EHUHV\DGROHVFHQWHV´


‘
•
’
–
“

$Ot6
¤
”
–
—
•
—
’
£
“
¡
š
”
’
™
–
–
–
—
š
™
‘
’
“
”
•
š
›
–
œ
š

–
“
š
•
ž
Ÿ
–
“
–
‘

–
’
”
š
¡
’
›
•
¢
%XHQRV$LUHV(G3DLGyV
ž
™
˜
•
š
›
–
œ
š

–
“
š
•
%XHQRV$LUHV(G$PRUURUWX
ž
ÈOYDUH]37HVLV'RFWRUDO$QiOLVLVGHODSURGXFFLyQGLV
FXUVLYDHQQLxRVFRQSUREOHPDVGHVLPEROL]DFLyQ
3VLFRORJtD8%$
¢
¥
¦
§
¨
©
ª
¦
«
«
¬
ÈOYDUH]3/RVWUDEDMRVSVtTXLFRVGHOGLVFXUVR%XHQRV$L
UHV(G7HVHR
ÈOYDUH] 3 &DQW~ * 'LpJXH] $ *UXQLQ - 'XUiQ $ ³$GROHVFHQWHV\QXHYDVWHFQRORJtDVFDPELRVHQODWHPSRUDOL
GDG\SURFHVRGHKLVWRUL]DFLyQ´(Q7UDXPD+LVWRULD\6XEMHWL
SS6HULH&RQH[LRQHV(G$$60%XHQRV$LUHV
¢
­
š
®
–
®
ÈOYDUH]3\&DQW~*³1XHYDVWHFQRORJtDVFRPSURPLVR
SVtTXLFR\SURGXFFLyQVLPEyOLFD´
;9,,,,
­
¯
®
’
—
–
±
–
™
‘
—
¡
–
®
®
’
Ÿ
š
™
•
—
•
œ
£
–
˜
²
³

‘
–
“
š
•
®
’
°

’
¡
š
œ
–
™
š
•

’
¯
ÈOYDUH]3³2VSURFHVVRVGHVLPEROL]DomRHRVWUDEDOKRV
VXEMHWLYDQWHVQDDGROHVFHQFLD´HQ2VXMHLWRTXHDSUHQGHGLi
ORJRHQWUHDSVLFDQiOLVHHRHQIRTXHKLVWyULFRFXOWXUDO&RPSL
ODGRUDV$OEHUWLQD0LWMiQV0DUWtQH]\6LOYLD6FKOHPHQVRQ%UD
VLOLD(GLWRULDOHV/,%(5/,952H(GLWRUDGHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH
%UDVLOLD
¢
'XUiQ $ ³([SHULrQFLDV GH XPD R¿FLQD GH FLQHPD SDUD
SHQVDU RV WUDEDOKRV SVtTXLFRV HVSHFt¿FRV GD DGROHVFrQFLD´
2VXMHLWRTXHDSUHQGHGLiORJRHQWUHDSVLFDQiOLVHHRHQ
IRTXHKLVWyULFRFXOWXUDO&RPSLODGRUDV$OEHUWLQD0LWMiQV0DUWt
QH]\6LOYLD6FKOHPHQVRQ%UDVLOLD(GLWRULDOHV/,%(5/,952H
(GLWRUDGHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH%UDVLOLD
¬
½
¢
)UHXG6 7UHVHQVD\RVGHWHRUtDVH[XDO2EUDV&RPSOH
WDV7RPR9,,%XHQRV$LUHV(G$PRUURUWX
*RQ]iOH]5H\)(SLVWHPRORJtDFXDOLWDWLYD\VXEMHWLYLGDG
6DQ3DEOR(G(XF
¾
*RQ]iOH] 5H\ ) 6XMHLWR H VXEMHWLYLGDGH XPD DSUR[L
PDoDRKLVWyULFRFXOWXUDO6DQ3DEOR7KRPVRQ
¢
*RQ]iOH] 5H\ ) ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ FXDOLWDWLYD \ VXEMHWLYLGDG
*XDWHPDOD2'+$*2¿FLQDGHGHUHFKRVKXPDQRVGHODU]R
ELVSDGRGH*XDWHPDOD
*RQ]iOH]5H\)³/DVFDWHJRUtDVGHVHQWLGRVHQWLGRSHU
VRQDO\VHQWLGRVXEMHWLYRHQXQDSHUVSHFWLYDKLVWyULFRFXOWXUDO
XQDFDPLQRKDFLDXQDQXHYDGH¿QLFLyQGHVXEMHWLYLGDG´
²

š
¢
­
’
“
š
¡
–
Ÿ
¸
™
¿
•
—
•
œ
š
™
–
*UDVVL$/RRULJLQDULR8QDSRUWHDODFRQFHSWXDOL]DFLyQ
GHLQWHJUDFLyQSVLFRVRPiWLFD\VXEMHWLYLGDG,QpGLWR
$UIXFK/ (OHVSDFLRELRJUi¿FR'LOHPDVGHODVXEMHWLYL
%XHQRV$LUHV(G)RQGRGH&XOWXUD(FR
QyPLFD
*UDVVL$$GROHVFHQFLDUHRUJDQL]DFLyQ\QXHYRVPRGH
ORVGHVXEMHWLYLGDG,QpGLWR
$XODJQLHU3/DYLROHQFLDGHODLQWHUSUHWDFLyQ%XHQRV$L
UHV(G$PRUURUWX
*UHHQ$&RQIHUHQFLDVEUDVLOHLUDVGH$QGUp*UHHQ0H
5LRGH-DQHLUR,PDJR
$XODJQLHU3
GH%$9RO;,,,1ƒ
*UHHQ$³(ODGROHVFHQWHHQHODGXOWR´
SS9RO;9Qž%XHQRV$LUHV
¢
®
–
®
™
•

¡
’
›
”
•
“
´

’
–

ž
•

¡
“
‘
š
“
µ
’
¶
‘

”
–
–
®
3VLFRDQiOLVLV$3
•
¢
¢
¡
–
”
š
™
•
—
•
œ
£
–
®
•
—
™
•
–

´
—
š
š
¯
Ÿ
®
’
³
&DQW~ * ³/HHU \ HVFULELU HQ ORV WLHPSRV GHO FKDW´ (Q
*UHHQ $ (G(XGHED
­
“
”
’
™
¡
š
­
–
’

Ÿ
š
™
•
—
•
œ
£
–
ž
·
’
š
¡
–
®
’
Ÿ
š
™
•
—
•
œ
£
–
¸
™
š
’

™
š
–
D¿QHV
&DQW~*7HVLV'RFWRUDO3URFHVRVGHVXEMHWLYDFLyQHQOD
)DFXOWDGGH3VLFRORJtD8%$
—
’
™
¡
‘
“
–
¶
™
•

™
š
’

¡
’
¸
—
–
™
š
’
ž

/yJLFDLPDJLQDFLyQUHÀH[LyQ´(Q
%XHQRV$LUHV(G$PRUURUWX
¹
™
š
¤
—
š

¢
–
&DVWRULDGLV&/D,QVWLWXFLyQLPDJLQDULDGHOD6RFLHGDG
%DUFHORQD(G7XVTXHWV
&DVWRULDGLV&
)RQGRGH&XOWXUD(FRQyPLFD
±
š
œ
‘
&DVWRULDGLV&
GH&XOWXUD(FRQyPLFD
»
’

“
¡
–
–

®
–
’
–
—
—
•
”
’

–
º
—
’
˜
%XHQRV$LUHV(G
–
•
%XHQRV$LUHV(G)RQGR
¼
’
›
•
“
š
–
®
’
—
–
¢
¢
'LpJXH] $ &RQVWUXFFLyQ GH OD LGHQWLGDG HQ S~EHUHV \
DGROHVFHQWHVDWUDYpVGHODVWLFV0HPRULDVGHODV;9-RUQD
GDVGHLQYHVWLJDFLRQ&XDUWRHQFXHQWURGHLQYHVWLJDGRUHVGHO
0HUFRVXU ³3UREOHPDWLFDV DFWXDOHV $SRUWHV GH OD LQYHVWLJD
FLRQHQ3VLFRORJLD´
ž
—
•
™
‘
“
–
”
“
š
–
®
–
˜
·
–
¼
’
¡
–
”
š
™
•
—
•
œ
£
–
·
’
š
š
¡
–
®
–
ž
DE LA PÁGINA 295 A LA 302
š
“
’
‘
®
Ã
–
”
’
™
¡
•
–

Ä
*UHHQ$
°
•
“
´

’
•
ž
Á
’
™
¡
–
Ÿ
š
¢
­
Â
‘
’
‘

®
–
–
™
›
’
—

£
¡

š
–
—
™
–
’
”
®
š
™
’
—
•
–
–

—
–
•
—
™
£
‘
¡
“
š
™
–
–
¸
”
“
—
š
–
–
®
’
•
–

•
®
™
š
š
›
“
š
’
™
’
¡

¡
“
š
•
™
’
¸
“
”
’
–
™
“
•
–

‘
•
™

š
”
›
š
’
š
™

¡
•
–
•

®
¡
®
´
’
—
—
š
’
š

š
™
•
“
£
–
®
’
%XHQRV
–
™
•
•


¡
™
š
’
’
›

¢
¡
’
ž
%XHQRV$LUHV$PRUURUWX
*UHHQ$
¤
—
”
’

–
›
š
’

¡
•
™
—
£

š
™
%XHQRV$LUHV$PRUURUWX
•
*UXQtQ - ³&OtQLFD 3VLFRSHGDJyJLFD *UXSDO 3UR\HFWR
,GHQWL¿FDWRULR H +LVWRUL]DFLyQ HQ 3~EHUHV \ $GROHVFHQWHV´
0HPRULDVGHO,,&RQJUHVRGH3VLFRDQiOLVLVGHODV&RQ¿JXUD
%V$V
¢
š
•

’
»
š

™
‘
—
–
“
*XWWRQ3
’
Â
•
Ÿ
.ULVWHYD-
GUD0DGULG
‘
º
’
“
–
%XHQRV$LUHV(G3DLGyV
—
(G&iWH
­
–

‘
’
–
.ULVWHYD-
(XGHED%XHQRV$LUHV
’

Ä
’
“
›
’
®
–
®
’
®
’
—
–
—
›
–
˜
­
Â
–
“
’
‘
’
—
¡
–
£

¡
š
›
–
ž
Â
š
¡
’
“
–
¡
‘
“
–
¸
”
š
™
•
–

´
—
š
š
ž
0LWMiQV 0DUWtQH] $ ³&UHDWLYLGDG \ VXEMHWLYLGDG 8QD
DSUR[LPDFLyQGHVGHODFRPSOHMLGDG´(Q'H/D7RUUH6\9LR
ODQW9FRRUG
FXUVRSDUDPHMRUDUODFDOLGDGGHODHQVHxDQ]D9RO0iODJD
(VSDxD(G$OMLEH
­

•
›
”
“
’

®
’
“
¸
­
’
–
—
‘
–
“
—
–
™
“
’
–
¡
š
š
®
–
®
ž
²

“
’
¢
0LWMiQV0DUWtQH]$³&UHDWLYLGDGHQODHGXFDFLyQHVSH
FLDO´(Q0RUHMyQ-%
/D+DEDQD(G$FDGHPLD
’

–
“
¸
™
“
’
–
“
ž
¤
®
‘
™
–
“
”
–
“
–
’
—
™
–
›
º
š
•
ž
0LWMiQV 0DUWtQH] $ ³/D FUHDWLYLGDG HQ OD HVFXHOD WUHV
GLUHFFLRQHVGHWUDEDMR´(Q$)\0/3RUODU
0HQGR]D8QLYHUVLGDG)HGHUDOGH&X\R

'XUiQ$3UHVHQWDFLyQGHSUR\HFWRGHEHFD'RFWRUDOWLSR
&21,&(7³1XHYDVPRGDOLGDGHVGHVLPEROL]D
’
%XHQRV $LUHV
­
Â
Ÿ
'XUiQ$3UHVHQWDFLyQWHPiWLFDDOGRFWRUDGRHQ3VLFROR
JtDGHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH%XHQRV$LUHV)DFXOWDGGH3VLFROR
JtD8%$
½
%XHQRV$LUHV(G$PR
­
’
Â
'LpJXH]$³$VSHFWRVQDUFLVLVWDVLPSOLFDGRVHQHOXVRGH
ODVQXHYDVWHFQRORJtDVGHODFRPXQLFDFLyQ´
;,9-RUQDGDVGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ7HUFHUHQFXHQWURGHLQYHVWLJD
GRUHVGHO0HUFRVXU³/DLQYHVWLJDFLyQHQSVLFRORJtDVXUHOD
FLyQFRQODSUiFWLFDSURIHVLRQDO\ODHQVHxDQ]D´
$LUHV$PRUURUWX
™
™
’
­
±
”
&DVWRULDGLV&(ODYDQFHGHODLQVLJQL¿FDQFLD%XHQRVDL
UHV(G(XGHED
¡
¯
Á
*UHHQ $ ˜
&DVWRULDGLV&
š
­
*UHHQ$
UURUWX
’
›
À
%RWHOOD&%RWHOOD6/D¿JXUDELOLGDGSVtTXLFD%XHQRV
$LUHV(G$PRUURUWX
Ÿ
š
™
•

¡
“
‘
š
“
˜
“
’
™
•

¡
“
‘
š
•

¡
“
‘
š
“
˜
®
’
¢
“
0LWMiQV0DUWtQH]$³&UHDWLYLGDGHHVD~GHQRVLQGLYLGXRV
301
PROCESOS PSÍQUICOS IMPLICADOS EN LAS MODALIDADES DE SIMBOLIZACIÓN DE LOS ADOLESCENTES CONTEMPORÁNEOS
PSYCHICAL PROCESSES IMPLIED IN THE SYMBOLIZATION MODALITIES OF CONTEMPORARY ADOLESCENTS
Durán, Alejo; Dieguez, Analía; Álvarez, Patricia
HQDVRUJDQL]DoRHV´HQ9LUJROLP$7DOHQWR&ULDWLYR([SUHV
VDRHPP~OWLSORVFRQWH[WRV%UDVLOLD8QE(GLWRUD
¢
0RULQ(,QWURGXFFLyQDOSHQVDPLHQWRFRPSOHMR%DUFHOR
QD(G*HGLVD
1DMPDQRYLFK'/HZNRZLF],)UDQFR< ³&DVWRULDGLV
LPDJLQDFLyQUDGLFDO\FRPSOHMLGDG´(Q+RUQVWHLQ/
WHUDSpXWLFR'H3LHUD$XODJQLHUDOSVLFRDQiOLVLVDFWXDO%XH
QRV$LUHV(G3DLGyV
Ÿ
“
•
¸
’
™
¡
•
1LQ$³-XHJRVGHYLGD-XHJRVGHPXHUWHHQODDGROHV
FHQFLD´HQ6LOYLD)OHFKQHUFRPS
%XHQRV$LUHV(G3VLFR/LEUR
Ÿ
™
š
–
š
™
•
–

´
—
š
š
¸
–
®
•
—
’
™
’

¢
˜
5RGXOIR5
GHFRQVWUXFFLyQ GHO SVLFRDQiOLVLV WUDGLFLRQDO %XHQRV $LUHV (G(XGHED
­
¤
—
”
š
™
•
–

´
—
š
š
®
’

‘
’
•
ž
¤
—
’
›
’

¡
•
”
–
“
–
—
–
6FKOHPHQVRQ61LxRVTXHQRDSUHQGHQ$FWXDOL]DFLRQHV
HQHOGLDJQRVWLFRSVLFRSHGDJyJLFR%XHQRV$LUHV(G3DLGyV
6FKOHPHQVRQ6(OWUDEDMRFOtQLFRHQHOWUDWDPLHQWRSVL
FRSHGDJyJLFR3UD[LVHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ%XHQRV$LUHV(G3DL
GyV
¢
6FKOHPHQVRQ 6 ÈOYDUH] 3 &DQW~ * 3UHVHQWDFLyQ
3UR\HFWR3,&7$ERUGDMHSVLFRSHGDJyJLFRGHORVSURFH
¢
­
•
š
›
–
œ
š

–
¡
š
•
’


š
Å
•
¸
–
®
•
—
’
™
’

¡
’
™
•

¸
š

”
“
•
º
—
’
›
–
GHDSUHQGL]DMH
6LELOLD3
(G)RQGRGH&XOWXUD(FRQyPLFD
¶
ž
Â
–
š

¡
š
›
š
®
–
®
™
•
›
•
’
”
’
™
¡
´
™
‘
—
•
%XHQRV$LUHV
6WHUQEDFK6³$GROHVFHQFLDVWLHPSR\FXHUSRHQODFXO
WXUDDFWXDO´(Q5RWKHU+RUQVWHLQ0&FRPS
%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV
¯
®
•
—
’
™
’

™
š
–
Ã
Æ
“
–
¸
’
™
¡
•
“
š
–
¡
‘
“
º
‘
9LJRWVN\/
Ÿ
—
’

š
™
¡
–
•
—
•
œ
£
–
®
’
—
–
“
¡
’
ž
%XHQRV$LUHV3DLGyV
9LJRWVN\//DJHQLDOLGDG\RWURVWH[WRVLQpGLWRV
QRV$LUHV$OPDJHVWR
Ç
¨
¬
9LJRWVN\ / ,PDJLQDFLyQ \ FUHDFLyQ HQ OD HGDG LQIDQWLO
%XHQRV$LUHV1XHVWUD$PpULFD
:LQQLFRWW' 5HDOLGDG\MXHJR(VSDxD(GLWRULDO*HGLVD
¶
ž
:LQQLFRWW' (OSURFHVRGHPDGXUDFLyQHQHOQLxR
ORQD(G/DLD
:LQQLFRWW'
Â
–
É
–
¡
‘
“
–
—
’
Ê
–
Ë
‘
›
–

–
˜
Ç
¦
È
§
¬
%XHQRV$LUHV(G
Ì
¦
Í
«
Î
Ï
)HFKDGHUHFHSFLyQGHPD\RGH
)HFKDGHDFHSWDFLyQGHDJRVWRGH
302
DE LA PÁGINA 295 A LA 302
Descargar