UNIT 6. ON THE PHONE

MEDIO. UNIDAD 6
UNIT 6. ON THE PHONE
y MISCELLANEA
y
Expresiones típicas en conversaciones telefónicas
1. Llamas a un amigo y quieres identificarte. ¿Con cuál de las siguientes
expresiones lo harías?
a. Hi, this is … speaking.
b. Hi, I'm … speaking.
c. Hi, it's … speaking.
2. Para pedir que te pasen con otra línea, departamento o extensión, dirás:
a. Can you connect me with … ?
b. Can you put me with … ?
c. Can you put me through to … ?
3. Y para decirte que esperes un momento, la expresión más habitual es:
a. Wait a moment, please.
b. Hold the line, please.
c. Sit down and wait, please.
4. ¿Podrías relacionar el siguiente vocabulario, todo referido al tema del
teléfono, con su correspondiente definición? Usa el diccionario si no conoces
algunas de las respuestas.
Call paid by the person who receives it. y
Hold on. y
Book of phone numbers. y
Ring a phone number. y
Time when phone calls are cheaper. y
Person who helps you make a phone call. y
y
y Wait
y Directory
y Reversed charge
y Operator
y Dial
y Off- peak
Vocabulario relacionado con la gastronomía
5. ¿Qué diferencia hay entre los siguientes pares de palabras? Escoja la
opción que le parezca correcta.
1.
A cook / cooker is a thing which cooks food.
2.
A cook / cooker is a person who cooks dishes.
3.
A receipt / recipe is a number of instructions for preparing a dish.
4.
A dessert / desert is the last course of a meal.
5.
My favourite dish in winter is chicken soup / soap.
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MEDIO. UNIDAD 6
y TEXT
y
The Present Perfect tense
Este tiempo verbal se forma con el presente del verbo auxiliar have (cuyo
significado aquí es haber) más el participio pasado del verbo principal.
SUJETO + HAVE + PARTICIPIO + COMPLEMENTOS
En el caso de los verbos regulares, el participio se forma añadiendo la terminación ed al infinitivo mientras que, para los irregulares, el participio es la forma
correspondiente a la tercera columna de la lista de los verbos irregulares.
Ejemplos: talk – talked – talked
speak – spoke – spoken
- Este tiempo verbal se utiliza para hablar de acciones pasadas sin especificar
cuándo ocurrieron; es decir, en la frase no encontraremos adverbios de tiempo como
yesterday, last week, three years ago...
Ejemplos: I have visited Holland twice.
John has spent all his money on a new car.
We haven't seen Spielberg’s new film but we have seen Tarantino's.
Affirmative
Negative
Interrogative
I have worked
I have not (haven't) worked
have I worked?
You have worked
you have not (haven't) worked
have you worked?
He has worked
he has not (hasn't) worked
has he worked?
she has worked
she has not (hasn't) worked
has she worked?
it has worked
it has not (hasn't) worked
has it worked?
We have worked
we have not (haven't) worked
have we worked?
You have worked
you have not (haven't) worked
have you worked?
they have worked
they have not (haven't) worked
have they worked?
- En una frase donde se hable de una acción pasada ya concluida y se especifica
cuándo ocurrió dicha acción, el tiempo verbal utilizado será el ‘Past Simple’.
Ejemplos: I visited Holland twice last year.
John spent all his money on a new car yesterday.
We didn't see Spielberg’s new film yesterday, we saw Tarantino's.
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MEDIO. UNIDAD 6
- El ‘Past Simple’ es también el tiempo verbal usado para todas las preguntas sobre
el pasado que empiecen por when? y what time?
Ejemplos: What time did you get up today?
When did they arrive?
y
Already, yet, just
- Estos adverbios suelen acompañar al ‘Present Perfect’.
ALREADY: significa ya y siempre lo encontramos en oraciones afirmativas. Tiene
una posición intermedia; es decir, se coloca entre el verbo auxiliar have y el participio.
We have already done our homework.
(Ya hemos hecho nuestros deberes.)
YET: puede encontrarse en frases negativas con el significado de todavía / aún o
en frases interrogativas con el significado de ya. Este adverbio suele ir al final de la
oración en ambos casos.
Has your brother returned from Brazil yet? - (¿Ha vuelto tu hermano de Brasil ya?)
We haven't chosen the wine for the meal yet. - (No hemos escogido el vino de la comida
todavía.)
JUST: igual que already, suele ir en posición intermedia. Este adverbio, junto con
el tiempo verbal ‘Present Perfect’, suele traducirse por acabar de.
They have just had a baby. - (Acaban de tener un bebé)
Michael has just started a new job. - (Acaba de empezar en un nuevo trabajo)
6. Listening. ‘On the phone’. Claudia phones Nathalie to settle some details of the
party. Listen to the conversation and then read the script.
Christine: Hello. Hampstead 259860.
Claudia:
Hello. Is that you, Nathalie?
Christine: No, this is Christine, her flat mate. Who’s that?
Claudia:
This is Claudia speaking.
Christine: Oh, hello Claudia. Just a moment. I’ll go and get her.
Thanks.
(a few moments later)
Nathalie: Hello, Claudia. How are you?
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MEDIO. UNIDAD 6
Claudia:
Fine, thanks. I’m ringing because Orlando suggested that we do a fancy
dress party and I’d like to know if you’re happy with the idea. Can you ask
Orlando?
Nathalie: I’m afraid he has just gone out to buy the drinks for the party. I love the idea
of a costume party but what about the others? Have you phoned them yet?
Claudia:
Not all of them. I’ve already spoken to John and Ákis and they agreed it would
be fun but I haven’t rung Jaan yet.
Nathalie: Oh, don’t worry about Orlando. I’ll ask him as soon as he comes and I’ll let you
know.
Claudia:
Thanks, a lot. Bye!
Nathalie: Bye!
7. Read the dialogue again and complete the sentences below with already,
just or yet:
1.
Orlando has _________
gone shopping for the party.
2.
Has Claudia phoned the rest of the people _______?
3.
Claudia has ___________ rung John and Ákis but she hasn’t spoken to Jaan _______.
8. Completa las siguientes oraciones con el verbo entre paréntesis. Usa la
forma correcta del ‘Present Perfect’.
Example:
Sue has done the shopping. (do).
1.
John ______________ to Ireland. (go)
2.
We _______________ a lot of famous people in our job. (meet)
3.
I ______________ most of Shakespeare’s plays and sonnets. (read)
4.
The Johnsons _________never __________ to any of their neighbours. (speak)
5.
My sister _________________ to Hawaii several times. (fly)
6.
_________ you ever_____________ snake? (eat)
7.
My grandmother _______ never _________ an operation. (have)
8.
He _________________in many foreign countries. (live)
9.
The baby ________________ up. (wake)
y VOCABULARY
y
At the phone
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MEDIO. UNIDAD 6
Code - código
Directory - guía telefónica
long distance call - conferencia
phone box - cabina
put through to - poner en contacto con
Rates - tarifas
Verbos
Receiver - auricular
Pick up - descolgar
hold the line - esperar
reversed charge call - llamada a cobro revertido
Dial - marcar un número
Switchboard - centralita
y
hang up - colgar
Greetings and polite expressions
Goodbye
¡Adiós! ; ¡Hasta la
vista!
Bye-bye!
¡Adiós!
Welcome!
¡Bienvenido!
Good luck!
¡Buena suerte!
Good night ;
Night-night
¡Buenas noches!
Good afternoon
¡Buenas tardes!
Good evening
¡Buenas
tardes/noches!
Good morning
¡Buenos días!
How sorry I am!
¡Cuánto lo siento!
Congratulations
¡Felicidades!
Thanks!
¡Gracias!
See you tonight
¡Hasta la noche!
See you later
¡Hasta luego!
See you (soon)
¡Hasta pronto!
Hallo, hello!
¡Hola!
Hi (there)!
¡Hola!
Howdy!
¡Hola! ¡Qué hay!
Excuse me!
¡Perdón!
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Sorry!
¡Perdón! ; ¡Lo
siento!
How do you do?
¿Cómo está
usted?
How are you?
¿Cómo
está/estás?
How are things?
¿Qué tal?
And you?
¿Y usted/tú?
Farewell ; Adieu
Adiós definitivo
To thank
Agradecer
OK, okay
Bien ; Vale ;
Tirando
Fine, thanks
Bien, gracias
Good intentions
Buenos deseos
Don't mention it
De nada; ¡Faltaría
más!
Wishes for
happiness
Deseos de
felicidad
To apologize
Disculparse
To shake hands
with
Estrecharle la
mano a alguien
Fortunately
Felizmente ; Por
fortuna
To have happy
Guardar un feliz
MEDIO. UNIDAD 6
memories of
recuerdo
Sir
Señor
Kindest regards
Muchos recuerdos
Madam
Señora
Very well
Muy bien
Yes please
Sí, por favor
Please
Por favor
To introduce
Presentar
9. Reading. Read the thank-you letter Lidia has written to her classmates and fill
in the blanks with the words below.
y
costume
return
recipes
unfortunately
thank
noise
delicious
enjoyed
suggestion
frog
SELF-EVALUATION EXERCISES
10. Corrige el error en cada una de las siguientes oraciones.
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MEDIO. UNIDAD 6
1.
I just have spoken to my boss about having a salary rise.
2.
We has been to London three times.
3.
This is one of the most boring films I have never seen.
4.
They have arrived a couple of minutes ago.
5.
He has applied for several jobs but he hasn’t already found one.
6.
They have climbed Mount Kilimanjaro last Easter.
7.
Martha has wrote a poem at school.
11. Escribe el verbo entre paréntesis en ‘Present Perfect’ o ‘Past Simple’.
Example: I ______ (meet) two very interesting women last Monday morning.
I met two very interesting women last Monday morning.
1. _________ you ever __________ a camel? (ride)
2. The Simpsons are here. They _______________ five minutes ago (arrive)
3. __________ you ever ___________ a ghost when you lived in the castle? (see)
4. She looks so brown because she _____________ to Ibiza on holiday. (be)
5. How many gold medals ___________
the British team _________
in the last Olympic
Games? (win)
6. Although Jack _________ London in 1996 and lives in Miami now, he never ______________
a letter to his parents. He prefers to phone them. (leave / write)
7. Someone ______________ my car. It _____________ last night. (steal / disappear)
12. Rellena los huecos usando cada uno de los verbos que se encuentran en el
cuadro.
get
forget
swim
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know
be
write
MEDIO. UNIDAD 6
1. I’ve often ___________ there. I ____________ there yesterday.
2. She’s just ___________ a letter to her boyfriend. She usually ___________ to him twice a
week.
3. She has _________ across the English Channel three times this year. She also____________
across it last year.
4. This actress has __________ married three times. She first _________ married to an actor,
then to a writer and her present husband is a doctor.
5. - You have __________
to put the lights out! And you also __________
to put them out
yesterday and the day before yesterday!
- I’m very sorry. It won’t happen again.
6. How long have you __________ about this affair? I ___________ about it when it started.
y OPEN EXERCISES EVALUATION
13. Escribe cinco oraciones en ‘Present Perfect’ acerca de cosas que nunca hayas
hecho. Por ejemplo: I have never taken a plane.
1.
2.
3.
4.
´
5.
14. Writing. Responde extensamente a las siguientes preguntas.
1. Have you ever ridden a camel? When? Where?
2. Have you ever visited any foreign countries? Which ones and when?
3. Have you ever broken a bone? How did it happen?
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MEDIO. UNIDAD 6
15. Writing. Escribe una carta de utilizando los tiempos verbales y las fórmulas
de cortesía aprendidas en esta lección.
Dear …:
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