UNIT 10. REPORTED SPEECH (II)
Anuncio
MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 UNIT 10. REPORTED SPEECH (II) y MISCELLANEA y Looking at the map 1. Imagina que alguien te pregunta por un lugar. ¿Sabrías darle las instrucciones oportunas para que llegue sin problemas a su lugar de destino? Estudia algunas de las siguientes directrices. Excuse me Perdone near here cerca de aquí Go straight down this street Siga derecho por esta calle Take the first turn Doble, gire a la … on the right/left a la derecha/izquierda traffic lights semáforo building Edificio next to al lado de You're welcome De nada y Questions and answers Is there a bank near here? ¿Hay un banco cerca de aquí? How do I get to the bank? ¿Cómo llego al banco? Where is the bank? ¿Dónde es el banco? Go straight. Siga derecho. Turn left / right. Doble a la izquierda / derecha. Take the first / second / third turn on Doble en la primera / segunda / tercera a la the left / right. izquierda / derecha. Go to the bank. Vé / Vaya / Vayan al banco. y Prepositions El uso de las preposiciones es uno de los puntos más difíciles de aprender, ya que su uso es bastante distinto que en castellano. Comenzaremos con las preposiciones más usuales. in en on sobre under debajo de above sobre in front of frente a Página 1 MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 opposite frente a next to al lado de The hat is on the desk. El sombrero está sobre el escritorio. The ball is under the chair. La pelota está debajo de la silla. The Moon is above the Earth. La Luna está sobre la Tierra. The motel is in front of the museum. El motel está frente al museo. The bus station is opposite the bank. La estación de autobuses está frente al banco. The library is next to the bookshop. La biblioteca está al lado de la librería. 2. Ahora responde a las siguientes preguntas de otro cliente del hotel en el que te alojas. Mira el mapa y dale las instrucciones oportunas. Ejemplo: 1. MUSEUM: - Excuse me, - Yes, sir? - How can I go to the museum? - Well, turn right and then take the second on the left. The museum is next to the Post office. - Thank you very much. - You’re welcome. 2. THEATRE: - Página 2 MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 - 3. TRAVEL AGENCY: - 4. PARK: - y TEXT y Reported Speech (II) En el Estilo Indirecto, algunas palabras relacionadas con personas, lugares y tiempo deben cambiar como se muestra a continuación: DIRECT SPEECH now today tomorrow yesterday two days ago next month / year… last year / week… this here me, my… Î Î Î Î Î Î Î Î Î Î REPORTED SPEECH then, at that time that day the next day / the following day the day before / the previous day two days earlier / before the next month, the following month… the year before, the previous year That There him/her, his… Página 3 MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 - Si el verbo se encuentra en Present Simple, podremos mantener el tiempo verbal en el estilo indirecto. Example: - He says (that) he is happy. Si la oración trata de hechos reales o habituales, el presente simple puede mantenerse. Example: Peter said, “My birthday is in December.” Peter said (that) his birthday is / was in December. - Tell se usa cuando alguien dice algo a otra persona (say something to someone). Example: He said he wasn’t feeling very well. (Decir algo) He told me he wasn’t feeling very well. (Decir algo a alguien) - Tell y Ask pueden usarse con infinitivos. Tell se usa para dar órdenes o instrucciones y Ask se usa para hacer peticiones de forma educada. Examples: “Be quiet John!”, shouted the teacher. DIRECT The teacher told John to be quiet. REPORTED “Could you open the window, please John?”, said the teacher. DIRECT The teacher asked John to open the window. REPORTED 3. Listening. ‘Jokes’. Escucha y lee la siguiente conversación. Diane es abogada y se encuentra en la comisaría de policía después de entrevistarse con un cliente acusado de entrar en una casa mientras vagaba sonámbulo por el barrio. Sweeney, inspector encargado de la comisaría, aprovecha la ocasión para contar un par de chistes a Diane. Busca en un diccionario las palabras que desconozcas. Sweeney: Ah, Mrs Edwards, have you finished your interview with the sleeping beauty? Diane: Yes, that’ll be all for today Inspector Sweeney? Sweeney: Tell me, does he still claim to have been sleepwalking? Diane: Yes, my client maintains his innocence. Sweeney: I wouldn’t believe a word of it if I were you. He already has a criminal record for theft. Diane: Well he may be telling the truth. The world can be a very strange place at times. Página 4 MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 Sweeney: Yes, I know what you mean! I’ve seen all sorts of strange things since I started working here. Last week a man came in here with a penguin and said that he’d found a penguin in the park! Now I was very busy so I told him to take the penguin to the zoo! The next day I was patrolling the park and I saw the same man holding hands with the penguin. So I asked him what he was doing and why he hadn’t taken the penguin to the zoo. And he told me that he had taken the penguin to the zoo and now he was taking it to the cinema! Diane: You are joking, aren’t you? Sweeney: Yes, of course I’m joking! Lord, you lawyers are so serious sometimes! But hey I’ll tell you something else that really did happen to me. I stopped a car one night because it had jumped a red light. Now the driver was obviously a bit drunk and he even had a Heineken beer label stuck to his forehead! So I asked him if he’d been drinking and he said no, he’d only had a coca cola. So then, of course, I asked him why he had this Heineken label stuck to his forehead! Ha, Ha... And you know what he told me? Diane: What? Sweeney: He told me that he was an alcoholic. He said that he was trying to give up drinking and that the doctor had given him this drinking patch to help him! Diane: You are joking, aren’t you? Sweeney: No, it’s true! Honestly! A similar thing happened to me a few years ago. I was working... Diane: No, I’m sorry, it’s dinner time and my family, they’re waiting for me and I really have to go. Erm, we’ll talk about it next time, when I see you? Okay? Sweeney: No problem Mrs Edwards! You go and have a bite to eat with your family. I’m sure I’ll see you soon! 4. En el listening, el inspector Sweeney relata a Diane lo que otras personas le contaron. Observa que él usa el estilo indirecto. He said he had found a penguin in the park. REPORTED SPEECH He said, “I found a penguin in the park.” DIRECT SPEECH Vuelve a escuchar la conversación y cambia las oraciones siguientes al estilo indirecto. 1. “I’m busy. Take it to the zoo!” I told him I _____________ and told him _____________ it to the zoo. 2. “What are you doing? Why didn’t you take the penguin to the zoo?” I asked him what _____________ and why he _____________ the penguin to the zoo. 3. “I took the penguin to the zoo and now I am taking him to the cinema.” Página 5 MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 He told me he _____________ the penguin to the zoo and that now he _____________ it to the cinema! 4. “Are you drunk?” I asked him if _____________. 5. “I am not. I have only drunk a coca cola.” He said that he ___________ , he ___________ only ____________ a coca cola. 6. “Why do you have a Heineken label stuck to your forehead?” I asked him why he ____________ a Heineken label stuck to ___________ forehead. 7. “I am trying to give up smoking and my doctor gave me this drinking patch to help me.” He said that he _____________ to give up drinking and that _____________ doctor _____________ this drinking patch to help _____________ ! 5. Elige una de las oraciones de los globos para completar las frases del ejercicio en Reported Speech. Ejemplo: 1. I think Ann’s okay. She told me not to worry about her 2. Thomas looked into her eyes and told 3. I don’t think Sam will be here next summer. He said he 4. Clare was very excited about going to the beach. She said that she 5. I don’t think Oliver is very happy at work. 6. I last saw Patrick three months ago and he was very busy with his thesis. He said 7. I phoned Pamela last month and she told haven’t heard from her since then. Página 6 .I MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 8. She was having problems getting the pram up the stairs of the underground station and she asked GRAMÁTICA. Indirect y Reported Questions y Las preguntas en Reported Speech tienen el mismo orden que las oraciones afirmativas. SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENTS Example: Thomas is in the bar. Î S + V + C (DIRECT SPEECH) Where is Thomas? Î V + S + C (DIRECT SPEECH) Do you know where Thomas is? y Î S + V + C (INDIRECT SPEECH) No uses el auxiliar Do en las interrogaciones indirectas. No es necesario cambiar el orden, aunque sí hay que tener en cuenta los cambios propios del paso del Direct al Reported speech. Where does Thomas live? Î Do + Subject + verb? (DIRECT QUESTION) I wonder where Thomas lives. Î Subject + verb (INDIRECT QUESTION) Where did Thomas go? Î Auxiliary do + Subject + verb? (DIRECT QUESTION) Could you tell me where Thomas went? Î y Subject + verb (INDIRECT QUESTION) Cuando la pregunta es del tipo Sí/No (yes/no question), se añade ‘if’. Example: - Does Thomas eat squid? Can you tell me if Thomas eats squid? - Did Thomas go to the disco on Saturday night? Do you know if Thomas went to the disco on Saturday night? y En las preguntas indirectas, el verbo principal suele dar un paso hacia el pasado. Example: “How old are you?” Î He asked me how old I was. “Where is Thomas?” Î He asked me where Thomas was. “Have you seen Thomas today?” Î He asked me if I had seen Thomas that day. Página 7 MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 6. Vuelve a escribir en Reported speech las siguientes oraciones. 1. Who is Jack Ruby? I wonder 2. What time is it? He asked me 3. Is there a God? I’d like to know 4. What time does the film begin? Sean asked me 5. Where did all the flowers go? She asked me 6. Is she happy? Do you know 7. Do you understand reported questions? She asked me 8. Would you like to do something more interesting? He asked me y VOCABULARY y Restaurant A three-course meal Menú de tres platos Alcoholic drink Bebida alcohólica Bar Barra Beer mat Posavasos Beer pump Surtidor de cerveza Chair Silla Champagne Champán Chef Chef Chef’s special Especialidad del chef Course Plato Cruet stand Vinagreras Customer Cliente/a Dessert Postre Dish Plato (objeto) Drink Bebida Fish and shellfish Pescado y marisco Fork Tenedor Game and poultry Aves y caza Glass Vaso Hors d’oeuvres Entremeses House wine Vino de la casa Ice cream Helado Página 8 MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 Knife Cuchillo Speciality Especialidad Main course Plato principal Spoon Cuchara Menu Menú, lista de comidas Table Mesa Mineral water Agua mineral Table cloth Mantel Non-alcoholic drink Bebida no alcohólica The bill La cuenta, la factura Pastas Pastas Complaints book Libro de reclamaciones Pepper Pimienta The place-setting El cubierto Pepper pot Pimentero Tip Propina Reserved Reservado To book a table Reservar mesa Restaurant Restaurante To serve Servir (en la mesa) Roast meat Carne asada Toothpick holder Palillero Salt cellar Salero Vegetables, greens Legumbres y verduras Self-service Autoservicio Waiter Camarero Napkin ring Servilletero Waitress Camarera Serviette, napkin Servilleta Water Agua Set main course Plato combinado Wine Vino Soft drink Refresco Wine glass Copa de vino Soup Sopa Wine list Carta de vinos Fried eggs Fried Shrimps Grilled shrimps Hamburger Hard-boiled eggs Huevos fritos Gambas fritas Gambas a la plancha Hamburguesa Huevos duros Patatas asadas con piel Chuleta de cordero Puré de patatas Empanada Sopa de fideos Tortilla Sopa de cebolla Sopa de sobre Paella Puré de guisantes Pizza Tortilla francesa Huevos escalfados Ensalada de patata Cóctel de gambas Huevo crudo Asado Carne asada de vaca Asado de vaca con y Comidas preparadas Bacon and eggs Baked potato Beef steak and salad Boiled rice Broth Chicken croquette French fries Cold meat Coleslaw Consommé Cooked meat Corned beef Cream mushroom Crisps (UK)chips (USA) Croquette Curried chicken Diced vegetable salad Fish and chips Fish croquette Freshly-laid egg Huevos con beicon Patata asada al horno Bistec con ensalada Arroz hervido Caldo Croqueta de pollo Patatas fritas en tiras Carne fría Ensalada de col Consomé Carne cocida Carne de buey cocida y enlatada Crema de champiñones Patatas fritas de bolsa Croqueta Pollo al curry Ensaladilla Pescado con patatas Croqueta de pescado Huevo fresco Jacket potatoes Lamb chop Mashed potatoes Meat pie ; Patty Noodle soup Omelette Onion soup Packet soup Paella Pea soup Pizza Plain omelette Poached eggs Potato salad Prawn cocktail Raw egg Roast Roast Roast beef with Página 9 MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 mashed potatoes Roast chicken Roast lamb Roast potatoes Russian salad Salad Sandwich Scampi Scrambled eggs Soft-boiled egg Soup Spanish omelette puré de patatas Pollo asado Asado de cordero Patatas asadas Ensaladilla rusa Ensalada Bocadillo Gambas a la gabardina Spicy fried potatoes Patatas bravas Squid fried in batter Steak Steak and chips Stew Thick vegetable soup Veal pie Vegetable soup White rice Huevos revueltos Huevo pasado por agua Sopa Tortilla de patata Calamares a la romana Filete de ternera o cerdo Filete con patatas fritas Estofado Puré de verduras Empanada de ternera Sopa de verduras Arroz blanco y SELF-EVALUATION EXERCISES 7. Pasa las siguientes oraciones a ‘Reported Speech’ usando los verbos que te facilitamos en el cuadro. 1. insisted warned accused denied advised suggested admitted apologised I saw you! It was you who broke the window. He ___________ me of breaking the window. 2. Why don’t we go for a pizza? He ___________ going for a pizza. 3. I must speak to the director. He ___________ on speaking to the director. 4. Don’t walk on the ice. He ___________ me not to walk on the ice. 5. I’m sorry I didn’t remember. He ___________ for not remembering. 6. I accept I was wrong. He ___________ he was wrong. 7. I think you should tell them. He ___________ me to tell them. 8. I didn’t break the window. Página 10 MEDIO. UNIDAD 10 He ___________ breaking the window. 8. Coloca en verbo entre paréntesis en la forma correcta de ‘Reported Speech’. 1. Harry and Sarah announced they ________________ (get) married next July. 2 Dan promised that he ________________ (finish) the report by Friday. 3. Arthur claimed that he had arrived late because he ________________ (not able) to find a taxi. 4. Sally pointed out that Willy ________________ (not like) chicken. 5. Willy confessed that he ________________ (never eat) chicken before. 6. Nick predicted that he ________________ (like) it if he tried it. y OPEN EXERCISES EVALUATION 9. Imagina que vas por la calle, que te encuentras con un personaje famoso o importante y que entabláis una corta conversación. Reprodúcela usando el estilo indirecto. (80 – 100 palabras). Yesterday, when I was taking my daily walk, I met … and he/she told me…. Página 11
