Presentacion Chile - Canada [Modo de compatibilidad]

Environmental regulation
Pollution Control Department
Enero 2009
Its length is 4,270 Km
(2,700 miles), however its
width is only between 15 (1
mile) to 350 km (220 miles).
♦
♦
Source: www.wikipedia.org
Surface area:
♦ Continental area :
756,266 Km2
♦Oceanic Islands : 360
Km2
♦Antartic territory :
1,250,000
Km2http://www.educarchile.cl/p
ortal.herramientas/nuestros_siti
os/bdrios/sitio/rios/rios.htm
1981
• The legal framework of water resource management in Chile
centers on the 1981 Water Code, along with a series of other
laws, including: the General Environmental Framework Law
(LBMA), the Irrigation Development Law, the laws and
regulations for household water intake and discharge and laws
associated with the energy sector.
•
• Institutionally, water is mainly governed by agencies who
regulate the following areas: water extraction from natural
watercourses, discharges into water bodies, groundwater and
sewer systems, regulation of water use, regulation of sanitary
service companies and irrigation development.
1994
• One of the fundamental features of the institutional
management of water resources in Chile is the
separation of regulatory and environmental protection
actions—carried out by the General Water Authority
(DGA), the National Environmental Commission
(CONAMA), and the Agriculture and Livestock
Service (SAG)—and sector-specific functions
performed by the Superintendence of Sanitary
Services (SISS), the Waterworks Department (DOH),
the National Irrigation Commission (CNR), and others
1994
• A substantive step in the design and implementation
of Chilean environmental policy was to provide the
country with legislation and an environmental
institutional structure.
• The Environmental Framework Law (LBMA, No.
19.300) views responsibility for the environment from
a fundamental perspective, laying the foundation for
efficient environmental management and setting forth
institutional and regulatory criteria that set out actions
of the State, private sector and citizens.
Under LAW 19.300
• a process was begun to establish new
environmental standards to protect
water resources.
Figure III. 1 Institutional Flowchart
of Water Resource in Chile.
Recursos Hídricos
(Cauces Naturales)
CNR, DOH,
MINAGRI
DGA
(Extracciones)
Sector
Doméstico
Sector
Minero e
Industrial
Sector
Riego
SISS
(Regulación)
SISS, DGA,
SEIA
(Vertidos)
Sector
Hidroeléctrico
CNE
(Regulación)
SEIA
(aprovechamiento)
Sectores Usuarios
Instituciones reguladoras de servicios
Instituciones Reguladoras del Recurso Hídrico
Instituciones de apoyo al riego
DGA: Dirección General de Aguas
SISS: Superintendencia de Servicios Sanitarios
CNR: Comisión Nacional de Riego
DOH: Dirección de Obras Hidráulicas
CNE: Comisión Nacional de Energía
MINGRI: Ministerio de Agricultura
SEIA: Sistema de Evaluación de Impacto Ambiental dentro de la Comisión Nacional del Medio Ambiente (CONAMA)
Fuente: DGA 1999.
Participants
•
The General Water Directorate (DGA) in the Ministry of Public Works
is responsible for inland (surface and ground) water resource
management, including water quality control and the granting and
registering of water rights
• The Ministry of Health sets the standards related to health and
enforces them through its health services.
• The Superintendence of Sanitary Services (SISS),
established in 1990, monitors the quality of drinking water,
grants licenses for discharges of industrial waste water, and
sets and enforces discharge standards.
• The General Directorate of the Maritime Territory and
Merchant Marine (DIRECTEMAR) in the Ministry of Defence
regulates discharges of waste water from industry, including
mining, into ports, navigable rivers and lakes as well as waste
dumping at sea (under the London Dumping Convention).
• Finally, the National Commission for the Environment
(CONAMA) coordinates the process of establishing and
updating water quality and emission standards and the
development of the Strategy for Integrated River Basin
Management (ENGICH).
Emission and Quality Standards
DS Nº 80
Standards
• Among this body of standards some are
designed to control water emissions and
quality, for surface as well as groundwater,
which aim to protect human health and
ecosystems (primary and secondary quality
standards respectively).
• The development of secundary standards is
still in its early stages, with the incorporation
of all aspects related to water resources
programmed over the next years.
• ..BATS, water quality…
1.- Emission standards in Chile
• Emission Standard for the regulation of pollutants associated
with the discharge of liquid industrial waste into the sewer
system. Ministry of Public Works DS 609/98.
• Emission standards for the regulation of pollutants associated
with the discharge of liquid industrial waste into sewage
systems. Ministry of Public Works DS 3592/2000, which modify
Ministry of Public Works DS 609/98.
• Emission Standard for the regulation of pollutants associated
with the discharge of liquid industrial waste into marine and
inland surface waters. Ministry of the Presidency
(MINSEGPRES) DS 90/2000.
• Emission Standard for infiltration of liquid industrial waste into
groundwater. Ministry of the Presidency (MINSEGPRES) DS
46/2002.
DS Nº 90/2000 “EMISSION STANDARD FOR THE
REGULATION OF POLLUTANTS RELATED TO
DISCHARGES OF RESIDUAL WATERS TO
MARINE AND SURFACE WATER”
Objective of the regulation
To prevent the pollution of marine and surface water
controlling the pollutants coming from wastewater
TABLES AND PARAMETERS DS Nº 90
Table 1 (without dilution), Table 2 (with dilution), Table 3 (lakes), Table 4
(inside a coastal protection zone) and Table 5 (outside a coastal
protection zone).
Physical and Chemicals indicators: pH, BDO, temperature, solids, etc.
Inorganic: Cyanide, Chloride, Fluoride, Sulphate, Sulfide.
Organics:
Oils
and
fats,
Hydrocarbons,
Pentachlorophenol,
Tetrachloroetane, Toluene, Trichlorometane, Xylene, phenol index.
Metals: Al, As, Bo, Cd, Cu, Cr, Es, Fe, Mn, Hg, Mb, Ni, Pb, Se y Zn.
Microbiologic: fecal coliforms
Nutrients: Total Phosphorus and total Nitrogen
Emission standards for the regulation of pollutants associated with the discharge of
liquid industrial waste into sewage systems. Ministry of Public Works DS 3592/2000,
which modify Ministry of Public Works DS 609/98
.
• Statistic
•
•
•
•
Urban Population: 13.548.000 inhabitants (Dec 2006)
Access to potable water: 99.8% (Dec 2006)
Access to sewage services: 95.2% (Dec 2006)
Wastewater treated(July 2007):
– 82.3% (Urban Population)
– 86.3% (Population with sewage services)
Evolution of wastewater treatment
in Chile
239
246
80%
141
66,0%
115
40%
200
170
81
69,8%
73,4%
91
100
39,4%
16,7%
82,1% 82,3%
42,2%
20,9%
0%
0
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 Jul-07
N° de PTAS
Cobertura tratamiento
205
190
2.- Primary standards
• Primary standards aim to protect human health and are applied
at the national level
• These are:
– Primary quality standard for inland waters (MINSEGPRES
DS No. 145/2002).
– Primary quality standard for marine waters (MINSEGPRES
DS No. 148/2003).
– In addition, the primary quality standards for
surface inland waters are about to be approved
3.- In the area of secondary quality standards (those
protecting the environment),
• CONAMA’s Executive Board is currently
drafting guidelines to standardize the
formulation process for such standards
at the water basin level. Concurrently, in
the year 2003 a process was begun for
the first six watercourses and water
bodies, and in 2008 a similar number
has again been given priority.
•
CONAMA is currently coordinating the process of developing the following secondary
environmental quality standards for the protection of surface continental waters:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Loa River Basin (Antofagasta Region);
Elqui River Basin (Coquimbo Region);
Aconcagua River Basin (Valparaiso Region);
Cachapoal River Basin (Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region);
Bio Bio River Basin (Bio Bio Region);
Maipo – Mapocho Basin (Metropolitan Region);
Serrano River Basin (Magallanes Region);
Aysen River Basin (Aysen Region):
Cruces River Basin (Los Rios Region);
Huasco River Basin (Atacama Region);
Mataquito River Basin (Maule Region);
Valdivia River Basin (Los Rios Region) and Baker River Basin (Aysen Region).
•
These standards are at various stages of development and are expected to be approved in
the course of 2009 and 2010.
In proyect ..
• Likewise, the Secondary Environmental
Quality Standard for the Protection of Marine
and Estuarine Waters in the Aysen Region;
the Secondary Environmental Standard for
the Protection of the Waters of the Llanquihue
Lake (Los Lagos Region), and the Secondary
Water Quality Standard for Marine Sediments
in the Aysen Region are currently being
developed.
Lago Llanquihue
Red de monitoreo INIA para
la Cuenca Huasco
• NSCA Rio Serrano
Programa de Vigilancia
• El Programa de Vigilancia podrá incorporar el
monitoreo de parámetros adicionales a los
establecidos en las presentes normas, así como
también nuevas estaciones de monitoreo de calidad
de aguas, con la finalidad de generar información
para revisiones futuras de las normas. Asimismo, los
bioindicadores podrán ser desarrollados en este
programa como herramientas complementarias para
evaluar el impacto sobre las comunidades acuáticas
y la calidad del agua
Investment in the sanitary sector
300
Inversión (MMUS$)
250
200
150
100
50
0
1999
2000
2001
AP y Alcan
2002
2003
2004
2005
Tratamiento A.S.
Investment 2000-2006:
• Potable water and sewage: mm US $998
• Wastewater Treatment: mm US $1.125
2006
• Fin