Geology and hydrocarbon potential in offshore Uruguay

Geology and hydrocarbon
potential in offshore Uruguay
Exploration and Production
December 2013
CONTENTS
•
•
•
•
Offshore basins from Uruguay
Geological setting
Database and methodology
Continental margin of Uruguay
–
–
–
–
Crustal structure
Stratigraphic analysis
Depositional sequences
Petroleum systems
CONTENTS
•
•
•
•
Offshore basins from Uruguay
Geological setting
Database and methodology
Continental margin of Uruguay
–
–
–
–
Crustal structure
Stratigraphic analysis
Depositional sequences
Petroleum systems
CONTENTS
•
•
•
•
Offshore basins from Uruguay
Geological setting
Database and methodology
Continental margin of Uruguay
–
–
–
–
Crustal structure
Stratigraphic analysis
Depositional sequences
Petroleum systems
South Atlantic
basins
Mohriak et al. (2002).
Volcanic rifted margin
Geoffroy (2005)
Southwestern Atlantic basin evolution
Modificado de Paton et al. (2007), Winter et al. (2007), Pereira e Feijó (1994), Dias et al. (1994).
Petroleum systems of South Atlantic basins
Berlinger et
al. 2013.
CONTENTS
•
•
•
•
Offshore basins from Uruguay
Geological setting
Database and methodology
Continental margin of Uruguay
–
–
–
–
Crustal structure
Stratigraphic analysis
Depositional sequences
Petroleum systems
2D SEISMIC – ALL CAMPAINGS
ANCAP 2D SEISMIC – VINTAGE DATA
ANCAP 2D SEISMIC - 2011
SPECTRUM MULTICLIENT 2D SEISMIC (2007 AND 2008)
SPECTRUM MULTICLIENT 2D SEISMIC (2002, 2013 AND 2014)
ION GXT MULTICLIENT 2D SEISMIC (2012)
3D SEISMIC
GRAV & MAG COVERAGE
WELLS
Methodology
Crustal
structure
Seismic interpretation
(seismostratigraphy)
PETROLEUM
SYSTEM
Thermal
modeling
Gravity
modeling
CONTENTS
•
•
•
•
Offshore basins from Uruguay
Geological setting
Database and methodology
Continental margin of Uruguay
–
–
–
–
Crustal structure
Stratigraphic analysis
Depositional sequences
Petroleum systems
Crustal structure
Bathymetry
TMI
Free-aire gravity
Bouguer gravity
anomaly
Gravity
modeling
Southern
segment
Central
segment
Northern
segment
CONTENTS
•
•
•
•
Offshore basins from Uruguay
Geological setting
Database and methodology
Continental margin of Uruguay
–
–
–
–
Crustal structure
Stratigraphic analysis
Depositional sequences
Petroleum systems
Mapped horizons
Nº
Horizon
Age
Criteria
H.1.
Basement top
Precambrian
Tope del basamento cristalino
H.2.
Synrift base
Jurassic-Lower Cretaceous
Tope de las rocas sedimentarias del prerift y em
el tope del basamento cristalino
H.3.
Synrift top
Diachronic surface
Lower Cretaceous
Abajo: truncamientos
Arriba: Ol y Dl
H.4.
Transition top
Lower Cretaceous
(probably Barremian-Aptian)
Abajo: truncamientos
Arriba: Ol en los sectores proximales y Dl em
los sectores distales
H.5.
Postrift Seq. 1 top
Lower Cretaceous
(probably Aptian)
En el tope de un paquete sísmico homogéneo,
con reflectores en Ol hacia el continente
H.6.
Postrift Seq. 2 top
Lower Cretaceous
(probably Albian)
Abajo: truncamientos
Arriba: Ol en los sectores proximales y Dl em
los sectores distales
H.7.
Postrift Seq. 3 top
Lower Cretaceous
Abajo: truncamientos
Arriba: Ol en los sectores proximales y Dl em
los sectores distales
H.8.
Postrift Seq. 4 top
Uppermost Cretaceous
Abajo: truncamientos
Arriba: Ol en el talud
H.9.
Postrift Seq. 5 top
Uppermost Paleocene
Abajo: truncamientos
Arriba: Ol en los sectores distales
H.10.
Postrift Seq. 6 top
Middle Eocene
Abajo: truncamientos
H.11.
Postrift Seq. 7 top
Eocene
Abajo: truncamientos
Arriba: Ol
H.12.
Postrift Seq. 8 top
Lower Miocene
Abajo: truncamientos
Arriba: Dl en la plataforma
H.13.
Postrift Seq. 9 top
Oligocene-Miocene
Abajo: truncamientos
Arriba: Ol en el talud
H.14.
Postrift Seq. 10 top
Miiddle Miocene
Arriba: Dl en la plataforma y Ol en el talud
H.15.
Postrift Seq. 11 top
Recent
Fondo del mar
Depositional sequences
•Secuencia Prerift (H.1): Paleozoico
•Secuencia Rift (H.2): Jurásico – Cretácico
Inferior
•Secuencia de Transición (H.3): Cretácico
Inferior (Probablemente Barremiano-Aptiano).
•Secuencia Postrift 1 (H.3): Cretácico Inferior
(Probablemente Aptiano).
•Secuencia Postrift 2 (H.4/H.5): Cretácico
Inferior (Probablemente Albiano).
•Secuencia Postrift 3 (H.6): Cretácico Superior.
•Secuencia Postrift 4 (H.7): Cretácico Superior
(Maastrichtiano).
•Secuencia Postrift 5 (H.8): Paleoceno.
•Secuencia Postrift 6 (H.9): Eoceno Medio.
•Secuencia Postrift 7 (H.10): Eoceno.
•Secuencia Postrift 8 (H.11): Oligoceno Inferior.
•Secuencia Postrift 9 (H.12): Oligoceno Superior.
•Secuencia Postrift 10 (H.13): Mioceno Inferior –
Médio.
•Secuencia Postrift 11 (H.14): Mioceno Superior
– Reciente
Strike seismic sections across the Uruguay continental margin
Deep waters
Shallow waters
PUNTA DEL ESTE BASIN
PELOTAS BASIN
PUNTA DEL ESTE BASIN
PELOTAS BASIN
Polonio High
Flat-lying flows
Dip seismic section across the Punta del Este Basin
Dip seismic section across the Pelotas Basin
Dip seismic section across the Pelotas Basin
Structural contour map of seabed
Structural contour map of synrift base
Structural contour map of transition top
Structural contour map of basament top
Rift sequence isopach map
Cretaceous postrift isopach map
Transition sequence isopach map
Cenozoic postrift isopach map
Depocenter migration
B
B
Stratigraphic charts
Punta del Este Basin
Pelotas Basin
CONTENTS
•
•
•
•
Offshore basins from Uruguay
Geological setting
Database
Continental margin of Uruguay
–
–
–
–
Crustal structure
Stratigraphic analysis
Depositional sequences
Petroleum systems
Petroleum systems
• Sistemas petrolíferos
50º C
175º C
Cross-section through Uruguayan basins
South Atlantic basins
Source rocks
AFRICA
SOUTH AMERICA
Espirito
Santo
9% COT Neoc-Barr (L)
Congo 20% COT Neoc-Barr (L)
4% COT Ap/Alb (M)
< 1% COT Late K-Ter (M) Kwanza 20% COT Neoc-Barr (L)
Campos 9% COT Neoc-Barr (L)
Santos 6% COT Neoc-Barr (L)
3 % COT Cen –Tur (M)
Namibia 10% COT Cen-Tur (M)
Walvis 5% COT Cen-Tur (M)
Pelotas: Tur 3% COT (M)
Colorado 2,4 % COT Neoc-Barr (M)
3,4 % TOC Pérmico (M)
San 3% COT Jur Tardío (L)
Jorge 3% COT Ap/Alb (L)
Malvinas Norte
Austral
1.6 - 6% COT Jur Tardío (L)
3% COT Neoc-Barr (L)
7.3% COT (L) 6% TOC (M) Jur Tardío.
2% COT Neoc-Barr (M)
Orange
10% COT Neoc-Barr (L)
3,8% COT Ap/Ab (M)
DSDP Pozo 361 15% COT Ap/Ab (L)
Depositional environment
(L) – Lacustrine
(M) – Marine
Arbitrary lines showing development of Aptian sequence
Punta del Este
Basin
Pelotas
Basin
Polonio High
Aptian sequence
Potential source rocks
Sequence
Age
OM
type
TOC
(%)
Prerift
Permian
I
8
Synrift
Neocomian
I
3
Postrift 1
Aptian
I
5
Postrift 3
CenomanianTuronian
II
4
Paleocene
Oligocene
Present day
Source rock maturity
Maturity map of prerift sequence
(present day)
Maturity map of prerift sequence
(uppermost Oligocene)
Maturity map of prerift sequence
(uppermost Paleocene)
Maturity map of synrift sequence
(present day)
Maturity map of synrift sequence
(uppermost Oligocene)
Maturity map of synrift sequence
(uppermost Paleocene)
Maturity windows
Oil (Ro% 0.6-1.3)
Oil generation peak
(Ro% 0.9-1.0)
Condensate and wet gas
(Ro% 1,3-2.0)
Dry gas
(Ro% >2.0)
Source rock maturity
Maturity map of Aptian sequence
(present day)
Maturity map of Aptian sequence
(uppermost Oligocene)
Maturity map of Aptian sequence
(uppermost Paleocene)
Maturity map of Cen-Tur sequence
(present day)
Maturity map of Cen-Tur sequence
(uppermost Oligocene)
Maturity map of Cen-Tur sequence
(uppermost Paleocene)
Maturity windows
Oil (Ro% 0.6-1.3)
Oil generation peak
(Ro% 0.9-1.0)
Condensate and wet gas
(Ro% 1,3-2.0)
Dry gas
(Ro% >2.0)
POTENTIAL ANALOGUES
A. Shallow marine reservoirs:
Carrot Creek
Alpine
Edvard Grieg (formerly Luno)
B. Deep marine reservoirs:
Albacora
Roncador
Marlim
 Source rock: Lagoa Feia Fm.
 Reservoir rock: Carapebus Fm.
Fine to medium-grained sandstones,
medium to coarse-grained sandstones;
diamictites and conglomerates.
Porosity of 17-30%
 Oilfield is segmented by faults in several block
 Oil: 17 to 31º API
RONCADOR
•
•
•
•
Discovered in 1996
Bathymetry: 1500-200 m, distance to the coast: 130 km, area: 115 km2
Offshore Brazil (Campos Basin)
Reserves: 2.900 mmbo
 Source rock: Lagoa Feia Fm.
 Reservoir rock: Carapebus Fm.
Fine to medium-grained sandstones,
of up to 250 m packages
Porosity of 27-30%
 Trap: Albian to Miocene turbidites
 Oil: 18 to 31º API
MARLIM
•
•
•
•
Discovered in 1985
Bathymetry: 500-1.100 m, distance to the coast: ?? km, area: 150 km2
Offshore Brazil (Campos Basin)
Reserves: 1.700 mmbo
 Source rock: Lagoa Feia Fm.
 Reservoir rock: Carapebus Fm.
Fine to medium-grained massive sandstones
Bioturbated, interbedded sandstones-pelites
Very fine-grained sandstones with ripples
Reservoir of 47 m mean thickness and 25%
porosity
 Trap: coalescing, unconfined low-stand fans
of Oligocene age
 Oil: 17 to 21º API
UPDATE ON ONSHORE SOURCE ROCKS
AND OFFSHORE PETROLEUM SYSTEMS
Onshore Uruguay – source rocks
Castellanos Fm.
(Santa Lucía Basin)
TOC: up to 2,9%
IH: up to 400 mg HC/g COT
Types II and III kerogen
Castellanos
Mangrullo
San Gregorio
Cordobés
NORTE BASIN
Mangrullo Fm.
TOC: up to 13,5%
HI: up to 1000 mg HC/g COT
Type I kerogen
San Gregorio Fm.
TOC: up to 13%
IH: hasta 400 mg HC/g COT
Type II kerogen
NORTE BASIN
Cordobés Fm.
TOC: up to 4%
IH: up to 400 mg HC/g COT
Type II kerogen
2 cm
Marine petroleum system of prerift stage (?)
Lacustrine petroleum system of synrift stage (?)
Marine petroleum system of Cretaceous postrift stage (?)
Marine petroleum system of Cenozoic postrift stage (?)
Unconventional petroleum system related to gas hydrates (?)
NEW IDEAS ON OFFSHORE BASINS
1. Possible carbonates
2. SDR composition (sediments >> volcanics)
3. High velocity lower crust
4. Igneous centers
5. New evidences on the Río de la Plata Transfer System
6. Continuity of ultradeep-water depocenters
7. Basin thickness and crustal thickness
8. Sedimentary processes on continental slope
1. POSSIBLE CARBONATES
Anticline with 4 way closure
Carbonates protected from clastic dilution
due to updip high
2. SDR COMPOSITION (SEDIMENTS >> VOLCANICS)
3. HIGH VELOCITY LOWER CRUST
IGNEOUS CENTERS
5. NEW EVIDENCES ON THE TRANSFER SYSTEM
2
4
6
Basin infill
RPTS
8
10
12
14
Strechted continental crust
16
18
20
Upper mantle
6. CONTINUITY OF ULTRADEEP‐WATER DEPOCENTERS
7. BASIN THICKNESS AND CRUSTAL THICKNESS
Basin thickness (km)
Crustal thickness (km)
8. SEDIMENTARY PROCESSES ON CONTINENTAL SLOPE
shallower to deeper depths) along the slope.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH!