GLOBALIZATION

GLOBALIZATION
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Author: Jose María Tintoré.
1.DEFINITION:
Globalization is a complicated term.
Defined simply, we can say that:
“Globalization means that the entire world is connected and integrated”
Globalization allows the exchange of ideas, knowledge and information.
2.CONSEQUENCES OF GLOBALIZATION:
2.1.MOVEMENT OF IDEAS
The new means of communication such as
T.V. Internet, Radio, cellular phones... and
means of transportation allow the contact
between remote people.
This allows for the exchange of ideas, uses, literature, art,
science and technology.
Information society:
Nowadays, people can be aware of every event going on in the
world. An important event in a country can affect the entire world.
People can give and get information anywhere anytime (at least in
theory)
This is useful, because people can get the information for knowledge.
2.2.WORLD'S DIVISION
But Globalization is not the same in all
countries. U.S.A., Japan and European
countries produce a lot more information and
spread their culture (music, films, way of life,
food...) than other parts of the world.
The countries in the world are divided into two
kinds of areas:
Central areas: They are rich countries and China. They control politics and economy all over the
world. The rich people in rich countries control the rest of the world.
Peripheral areas: They are non-developed countries, mainly African countries. They depend upon
the rich countries.
3.GLOBALIZATION ¿GOOD OR BAD?
GOOD ASPECTS
Global competition means that there
is more variety of products and lower
prices.
Great access to culture: movies,
music, literature, food, customs,
folklore, traditions...
Cooperation between countries is
easier. Different countries can
coordinate to solve problems, as
terrorism, environmental destruction,
wars...
Poor countries have more access to
knowledge and information about
technology, sciences, medicine... etc
NEGATIVE ASPECTS
The most powerful countries impose their
culture on other countries. Therefore these
countries lose their traditions, language, customs
and culture.
Criminals have more access to information, and
crime can spread more easily around the world.
Disease can spread easily too.
Rich countries decide about the economy and
politics of the rest of the world. They don't pay
attention to the needs of poor countries.
Capitalism is the only economic system for the
rest of the world. There are no more options.
4.DEVELOPED AND NON-DEVELOPED.
4.1.Developed countries. (Rich)
-They have a high GDP (Groos Domestic Product) and high life standards.
-Its economy is based mainly in tertiary sector. That means an urban way of life.
-They can produce their own technology.
-Population grows slowly and is old. Life expectancy is high and there's no starvation.
-Most of people can read and write.
-The political system is a democratic.
4.2.Developing countries. (Poor)
-They are poor. The GDP is low and the standard of living is low.
-Agriculture is very important for the economy.
-They lack technology and machines. They must buy them from rich countries.
-Bad infrastructures of communication and means of transportation.
-Population is young and grows quickly.
-A lot of people can't read or write, and many of them can't go to school.
-Sanitation and education are bad and expensive.
-They have unstable political systems, many of them dictatorships.
4.3.Problems in poor countries:
A) External debt: Most countries owe money to other countries. Poor countries have to expend most
of their income to pay their debts, so, they can't create infrastructures, schools, hospitals...
B) Wars and corruption: Poor countries suffer from wars and conflicts. Corruption is common
among politicians, policemen, judges and public employees.
C) Starvation and disease: Many people in these countries suffer from starvation, so, they are
vulnerable to illness.
D) Exploitation of women and children: Usually, women and children are forced to work a lot of
hours without wages. They are almost like slaves. Many women are forced into prostitution and
many young boys are recruited as soldiers.
EXERCISES:
1-Contact with globalization.
“The world is connected”
Look for news from:
You can copy the headlines or stick the paper in this sheet.
Europe (But Spain)
South America
Africa
Asia
North America
2-The world is connected.
Look for the flights from Spain (Malaga, Sevilla or Madrid) to:
TOWN
PRICE
LENGTH
London
New York
Tokyo
Beijing
Moscow
*I want exact prices.
3-Exchange of ideas: Look for artists from:
CONTINENT
ARTIST
WHAT HE/SHE DOES
South America
Asia
Africa
Australia
*They can be painters, musicians, dancers, writers... but NOT HOLLYWOOD ACTORS!
4-Central or peripheral?
Write the name of the country in the correct column:
Countries:
Norway, Kenya, Jamaica, Lebanon, Malaysia, Egypt, Japan, Canada, Pakistan, South Korea,
Denmark, Nigeria, Bolivia, France, Indonesia, Spain, Algeria, Thailand, Australia, U.S.A., England,
Sudan, Cambodia, Germany, Syria, Cameroon, Morocco, Iceland, Ireland, Afghanistan.
Central Areas
Peripheral Areas
5-Globalization. IN ENGLISH. Write down an essay answering the question:
Do you like Globalization and why?
6-Rich or poor?
Write about the sentences below. Do they belong to rich or poor countries?
SENTENCE
RICH
POOR
Everyone can read and write
Most of people are farmers
The computers are very old and there isn't good software
People can use railways, planes, cars, ships and bikes
Only rich people can go to the hospital
There are wars and fights every year
There are a lot of old people and they complain a lot
Citizens vote every four years
7-Rich countries in the world. Color in the map the 35 advanced economies:
According to the IMF the following 35 economies are classified as "advanced economies":
Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hong Kong, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg,
Malta, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, South
Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Taiwan, United Kingdom, United States, Chile.
8-Look for pictures of children soldiers, and stick or draw them here.
9-Children soldiers:
A) Read and underline the text:
-The problem is most critical in Africa, where
children as young as nine have been involved in
armed conflicts. Children are also used as
soldiers in various Asian countries and in parts
of Latin America, Europe and the Middle East.
-Most child soldiers are aged between 14 and
18, While many enlist "voluntarily" research
shows that such adolescents see few
alternatives to involvement in armed conflict.
Some enlist as a means of survival in war-torn
regions after family, social and economic
structures collapse or after seeing family
members tortured or killed by other soldiers. Others join up because of poverty and lack of work or
educational opportunities. Many girls have reported enlisting to escape domestic servitude,
violence and sexual abuse.
-Forcible abductions, sometimes of large numbers of children, continue to occur in some countries.
Children as young as nine have been abducted and used in combat.
-See www.childsoldiersglobalreport.org for lists of countries where child soldiers were recuited and
used during the four years 2004-2007.
B) Answer the questions:
-Why children enlist “voluntarily”?
-Which zones use children soldiers?
-Why are young children abducted?
-Write down the names of five countries that use children soldiers?
10-Famine in the world. Make two graphics with the statistics of starvation in the world during the
last 50 years. Use ruler and pencil
Number and percentage of undernourished persons
2006-2008
850million (13%)
2000-2002
836million (14%)
1995-1997
792million (14%)
1990-1992
848million (16%)
1979-1981
853million (21%)
1969-1971
878million (26%)
A) Make a graphic using the total amount of people, using red.
B) Make a graphic using the percents of hungry people, using green.
11-Starvation in the world. Color in red the top 10 countries with starvation problems.
The 10 countries ranked most vulnerable – Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, South Africa,
Haiti, Bangladesh, Zambia, India, Sierra Leone, Ethiopia and Rwanda.
GLOSSARY:
Among: Entre.
Anytime: En cualquier momento.
Anywhere: En cualquier lugar.
Aware: Enterado, alerta.
Cellular phone: Teléfono móvil.
Custom: Costumbre.
Debt: Deuda.
Developed: Desarrollado.
Dictatorship: Dictadura.
Disease: Enfermedad.
Entire: Entero, completo.
Environmental: Medioambiental.
Event: Hecho, evento.
Exchange: Intercambio.
Exploitation: Explotación. (Laboral)
Famine: Hambre (como problema de una
sociedad, al igual que “starvation”. Son casi
sinónimos)
GDP (Gross Domestic Product): PIB (Producto
interior bruto).
Illness: Enfermedad.
Income: Ingresos.
Kind: Tipo, clase. (Como adjetivo: Amable)
Knowledge: Conocimiento, saber.
Life expectancy: Esperanza de vida.
Lower: (Comparativo de “low”) Más bajo.
Means of communication: Medios de
comunicación.
Means of transportation: Medios de transporte.
Most of: La mayoría de.
Need: Necesidad.
Peripheral: Periféricos. Es decir, que no están en
el centro.
Politics: Política (NO POLÍTICOS, políticos es
“politicians”)
Price: Precio.
Public employee: Empleado público, funcionario.
Quickly: Rapidamente, rápido.
Sanitation: Sanidad.
Slave: Esclavo.
Standard of living: Calidad de vida.
Starvation: Hambre (como problema de una
sociedad)
Term: Término, palabra.
Unstable: Inestable.
Wages: Salarios.
Way of life: Modo de vida.
Verbs:
To allow: Permitir.
To expend: Gastar.
To go on: Pasar, ocurrir, continuar. (Things that
go on: Las cosas que están pasando)
To impose: Imponer.
To lack: Faltar, faltarle a alguien algo.
To mean: Querer decir.
To recruit: Reclutar.
To solve: Resolver.
To spread: Difundir, esparcir.
To suffer from: Padecer de, sufrir de.