1 VERBOS IRREGULARES INFINITIVO PASADO SIMPLE

VERBOS IRREGULARES
INFINITIVO
alight
arise
awake
be
bear
beat
become
beget
begin
bend
bereave
beseech
beset
bet
bid
bide
bind
bite
bleed
bless
blow
break
breed
PASADO PARTICIPIO GERUNDIO
SIGNIFICADO
SIMPLE DE PASADO (V-INF + ING)
alit
alit
Apearse/Descender/Posarse
alighting
alighted
alighted
arose
arisen
arising
Surgir/Levantarse
awoke
awoken
Despertar/Darse cuenta
awaking
awaked
awaked
de algo
was
been
being
Ser/Estar…
were
Dar a luz
borne
bore
bearing
/Aguantar/Resistir/
born
Dar fruto
beat
Golpear
beat
beating
beaten
Batir (alas o a alguien)
became
become
becoming
Llegar a ser
begot
begotten
begetting
Provocar/Engendrar
Empezar/Comenzar/
began
begun
beginning
Iniciar
Torcer/Doblar/Curvar/
bent
bent
bending
Flexionar/Ceder
bereaved
bereaved
Despojar a alguien de
bereaving
bereft
bereft
algo (literario)
besought
besought,
beseeching
Suplicar/Rogar/Implorar
beseeched
beseeched
beset
beset
besetting
Acosar/Acuciar
bet
bet
betting
Apostar
betted
betted
bade
bade / bid
bidding
Pujar/Declarar/Ofrecer
bid
bidden
bade
“Bide awhile” (Detente
bided
biding
bided
un momento)
Atar/Amarrar
bound
bound
binding
“Bind up”: Vendar
bit
bitten
biting
Morder/Picar
Sangrar/Exudar savia/
bled
bled
bleeding
Purgar (radiador)
blessed
blessed
blessing
Bendecir
*blest
*blest
Soplar
blew
blown
blowing
“Blow up”: Explotar
Romper
broke
broken
breaking
“break rules”: Infringir
las reglas
Criar (animales)
bred
bred
breeding
Engendrar o Generar
(enfermedades)
1
INFINITIVO
PASADO
SIMPLE
bring
brought
brought
broadcast
broadcasted
built
burnt
burned
broadcast
broadcasted
built
burnt
burned
burst
burst
buy
bust
busted
bought
bust
busted
bought
*can
*could
----
----
*can
*canned
*canned
*canning
cast
cast
cast
casting
catch
caught
caught
catching
choose
chose
chosen
choosing
cleave
cleft/*clove
cleaved
cleft / *cloven
cleaved
cleaving
clung
clothed
clad
come
cost
clinging
clothing
Vestir
come
cost
clung
clothed
clad
came
cost
Transmitir/Emitir/
Difundir
Construir/Edificar
Arder/Quemar/
Incendiar
Reventar(se)/
Desatarse(tormenta)
Romper o Estropearse
(una máquina)
Comprar
Ser capaz de/Poder
(verbo modal)
Enlatar/Preparar
conservas de
Emitir (voto)
Asignar (papel en Cine
o teatro)
Agarrar/Coger/Atrapar/
Tomar (avión o tren)
Elegir/Escoger
Hender/Partir/Rajarse
“Cleave to sb/sth”:serle
fiel a alguien o algo
Pegarse/Adherirse
coming
costing
creep
crept
crept
creeping
crow
crowed
cut
deal
cut
dealt
deepfroze
deepfreezed
crowed
*crew
cut
dealt
deepfrozen
deepfreezed
cutting
dealing
Venir
Costar
Arrastrarse
“Creep to sb”: hacerle
la pelota a alguien
Cacarear/Pavonearse/
Alardear
Cortar/Segar/Acortar
Dar o Repartir (Cartas)
deepfreezing
Ultracongelar
dug
dug
digging
Cavar/Excavar/
“Dig sth into sth”:Clavar
algo en algo
dived
diving
Zambullirse/Sumergirse
done
drawn
doing
drawing
Hacer
Dibujar/Pintar
broadcast
build
burn
burst
bust
cling
clothe
deepfreeze
dig
dive
do
draw
dived
dove
did
drew
PARTICIPIO GERUNDIO
DE PASADO (V-INF + ING)
bringing
broadcasting
building
burning
bursting
busting
buying
2
crowing
SIGNIFICADO
Traer/Atraer
“bring up”: Criar (un
niño)
eat
fall
PASADO
SIMPLE
dreamed
dreamt
drank
drove
dwelt
dwelled
ate
fell
feed
fed
fed
feeding
feel
felt
felt
feeling
fight
find
fought
found
fought
found
fighting
finding
flee
fled
fled
fleeing
fling
fly
flung
flown
*forbid
forbidden
forecast
forecasted
forgotten
forgiven
forgone
flinging
flying
forbidding
Prohibir/Impedir
forecasting
Pronosticar/Prever
forget
forgive
forgo
flung
flew
forbad
forbade
forecast
forecasted
forgot
forgave
forwent
Beber
Conducir/Pilotar
Morar o Vivir (en
literatura)
Comer
Caer(se)
Dar de comer/
Alimentar(se)
Sentir(se)/
Encontrarse(de estado)
Luchar/Combatir/Pelear
Encontrar(se) algo
Huir/Escapar/
Darse a la fuga
Lanzar (con violencia)
Volar
forgetting
forgiving
forgoing
forsake
forsook
forsaken
forsaking
freeze
froze
*gelt
gelded
freezing
Olvidar(se)
Perdonar
Privarse de/Renunciar a
Abandonar o Renunciar
(en literatura)
Helar(se)/Congelar(se)
gelding
Castrar
getting
Conseguir/Obtener
“get + V-ing”: empezar a
INFINITIVO
dream
drink
drive
dwell
forbid
forecast
PARTICIPIO GERUNDIO
DE PASADO (V-INF + ING)
dreamed
dreaming
dreamt
drunk
drinking
driven
driving
dwelt
dwelling
dwelled
eaten
eating
fallen
falling
SIGNIFICADO
“dream about/of”:
soñar con…
give
*gilt
gilded
gave
gnaw
gnawed
go
went
frozen
*gelt
gelded
got
gotten
*gilt
gilded
given
gnawed
*gnawn
gone
grind
ground
ground
grinding
grip
*gript
gripped
*gript
gripped
gripping
Agarrar/Sujetar/Adherirse
grow
grew
grown
growing
Crecer/Madurar/
Aumentar/Cultivar
“Grow up”: Criarse
geld
get
gild
got
giving
Dorar (dar color
dorado)
Dar/Entregar
gnawing
Roer (animales)
going
Ir
Moler/Machacar/Pulir/
Rechinar/Pulverizar
gilding
3
INFINITIVO
PASADO
SIMPLE
PARTICIPIO
DE PASADO
(V-INF + ING)
hamstring
hamstrung
hamstrung
hamstringing
hang
have
hear
hung
had
heard
hove
heaved
hung
had
heard
hove
heaved
*hewn
hewed
*hid
hidden
hanging
having
hearing
heave
GERUNDIO
heaving
SIGNIFICADO
Estar atado de pies y
manos
Colgar/Tender/Ahorcar
Tener/Tomar
Oír/Escuchar
Mover con esfuerzo
/Tirar/Virar
hew
hewed
hide
hid
hit
hit
hit
hitting
hold
held
held
holding
hurt
hurt
hurt
hurting
keep
kept
kept
keeping
knelt
kneeled
knit
knitted
known
laid
knitting
Tejer/Hacer punto
know
lay
knelt
kneeled
knit
knitted
knew
laid
knowing
laying
lead
led
led
leading
Saber/Conocer
Poner (ex: la mesa)
Llevar/Guiar/
Conducir (a alguien)
lean
leant
leaned
leant
leaned
leaning
Apoyar(se)
leap
leapt
leaped
leapt
leaped
leaping
Saltar/Brincar
“Leap at sth”: no dejar
pasar algo
learnt
learned
left
learning
Aprender
leave
learnt
learned
left
leaving
lend
lent
lent
lending
let
let
let
letting
lie
lay
lain
lying
Dejar/Marchar
Prestar/
Dejar (prestado)
Dejar/Permitir
Mentir/Tumbarse/
Tenderse
lose
lit
lighted
lost
lit
lighted
lost
make
made
made
making
*may
*might
----
----
mean
meant
meant
meaning
kneel
knit
learn
light
hewing
Extraer/Labrar/Tallar
hiding
Esconder(se)/Tapar
kneeling
lighting
losing
4
Golpear/Atacar/
Dar un golpe
Agarrar/Aguantar/
Sujetar
Hacer daño/
Doler/Herir
Guardar/Conservar/
Mantener
Arrodillarse/
Ponerse de rodillas
Encender(se)/Prender/
Iluminar
Perder/Atrasar (reloj)
Hacer/Confeccionar/
Preparar(pastel,café…)
Poder/Quizás
(verbo modal)
Significar/Querer decir
INFINITIVO
PASADO
SIMPLE
PARTICIPIO
DE PASADO
(V-INF + ING)
meet
met
met
meeting
Encontrarse con/
Conocer a alguien
melt
melted
melted
molten
melting
Derretirse/Fundirse/
Ablandarse
miscast
miscast
miscast
miscasting
Darle un papel
inapropiado a (actor)
mislead
misled
misled
misleading
GERUNDIO
misspelt
misspelling
misspelled
mistake
mistaken
mistaking
misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood misunderstanding
mowed
mow
mowed
mowing
mown
misspell
misspelt
misspelled
mistook
offset
offset
offset
offsetting
pay
paid
paid
paying
pent
penned
pled
pleaded
prove
proved
put
ride
put
quit
quitted
read
rent
rid
ridded
rode
pent
penned
pled
pleaded
proved
proven
put
quit
quitted
read
rent
rid
ridded
ridden
ring
rang
rung
ringing
rise
rose
risen
rising
run
ran
run
running
saw
sawed
sawed
sawn
sawing
say
said
said
saying
see
saw
seen
seeing
seek
sought
sought
seeking
pen
plead
quit
read
rend
rid
5
penning
pleading
proving
putting
quitting
reading
rending
ridding
riding
SIGNIFICADO
Engañar/
Inducir a error
Escribir mal/
Deletrear mal
Confundir
Comprender mal
Segar
Compensar/
Deducir algo
Pagar/Saldar/Abonar/
Prestar atención
Redactar/Componer/
Escribir
Alegar/Suplicar
Probar/Demostrar/
Verificar
Poner/Colocar
Dejar/Abandonar/
Marcharse de
Leer
Rasgar/Desgarrar
Eliminar/ Quitar/
Limpiar (de algo)
Ir o Montar en
Sonar/Repicar/
Llamar al timbre
Subir/Elevarse/
Levantarse
Correr/
Tomar parte en
Cortar (con sierra)
Decir
(algo a alguien)
Ver
Buscar/
Tratar de encontrar
sell
send
set
PASADO
SIMPLE
sold
sent
set
sew
sewed
shake
shook
shaken
shaking
*shall
*should
----
----
shear
sheared
sheared
shorn
shearing
Esquilar/Cortar (pelo)
shed
shed
shed
shedding
Derramar (lágrimas)/
Mudar (piel, pelo)
shine
Relucir/Brillar
shitting
Cagar (vulgarismo)
shoeing
Herrar
shooting
Disparar/Chutar
show
showed
showing
Mostrar/Enseñar
shut
sing
sink
shred
shredded
shrank
shrunk
shut
sang
sank
shone
shit/shat
shitted
shod
shoed
shot
showed
shown
shred
shredded
shrunk
shrunken
shut
sung
sunk
shining
shoot
shone
shit/shat
shitted
shod
shoed
shot
sit
sat
sat
sitting
slay
slew
slain
slaying
sleep
slept
slept
sleeping
slide
slid
slid
sliding
sling
slung
slung
slinging
slink
slunk
slunk
slinking
slit
slit
slit
slitting
smell
smelt
smelled
smelt
smelled
smelling
INFINITIVO
shit
shoe
shred
shrink
PARTICIPIO
DE PASADO
sold
sent
set
sewed
sewn
6
GERUNDIO
(V-INF + ING)
SIGNIFICADO
selling
sending
setting
Vender
Mandar/Enviar
Poner/Colocar
sewing
Coser
shredding
shrinking
shutting
singing
sinking
Agitar/Sacudir/
Temblar/Zarandear
(verbo modal,
tiempo futuro)
Cortar (en tiras)/
Rallar/Triturar
Encoger/Disminuir/
Reducir
Cerrar
Cantar/Silbar (tetera)
Hundirse
Sentar(se)/
Estar ubicado
Asesinar de
muerte a (literatura)
Dormir
Deslizarse/
Resbalar(se)
Tirar/Lanzar/Arrojar
(manera coloquial)
“slink off/away”:
Escabullirse/
Escaparse
Cortar/
Rajar (México)
Oler/Olfatear
smite
PASADO
SIMPLE
smote
sow
sowed
speak
spoke
sped
speeded
spelt
spelled
INFINITIVO
speed
spell
spend
PARTICIPIO GERUNDIO
DE PASADO (V-INF + ING)
smitten
smiting
sowed
sowing
sown
spoken
speaking
sped
speeding
speeded
spelt
spelling
spelled
spent
spent
spending
spilt
spilled
spun
*span
spit
spat
spilt
spilled
spilling
spun
spinning
spit
spat
spitting
split
split
split
splitting
spoil
spoilt
spoiled
spoilt
spoiled
spoiling
spread
spread
spread
spreading
spring
sprang
sprung
sprung
springing
stand
stood
stood
standing
steal
stole
stolen
stealing
stick
stuck
stuck
sticking
sting
stung
stung
stinging
stink
stank
stunk
stunk
stinking
stride
strode
strid/strode
stridden
striding
strike
struck
struck
striking
string
strung
strung
stringing
strove
strived
swore
sweat
sweated
swept
striven
strived
sworn
sweat
sweated
swept
spill
spin
spit
strive
swear
sweat
sweep
striving
7
SIGNIFICADO
Golpear (literatura)
Sembrar/Plantar
“Speak to”: Hablar
Acelerar/Ir a exceso de
velocidad
Deletrear
Gastar (Dinero)/
Pasar (el tiempo)
Derramar(se)/Verter/
Volcar
Hacer girar o bailar/
Centrifugar
Escupir
Partir/Dividir/
Escindir
Estropear/Arruinar/
Echarse a perder/
Malcriar
Desplegar/Extender/
Esparcir/Difundir
Saltar/Surgir/Brotar/
Provenir de (+ From)
Estar de pie/
Permanecer
Robar/Hurtar
Pegar (algo con
pegamento)
Picar/Hacer Escocer/
Hacer Arder
Apestar
Ir/Venir/Bajar dando
grandes zancadas
(+UP/DOWN/AWAY)
Pegarle/Golpearle
Encordar/Enhebrar/
Tender
Luchar o Esforzarse
por alcanzar algo
swearing
Decir palabrotas/Jurar
sweating
Sudar/Transpirar
sweeping
Barrer/Peinar (área)
INFINITIVO
PASADO
SIMPLE
swell
swelled
swim
swam
PARTICIPIO
DE PASADO
swollen
swelled
swum
swing
swung
swung
swinging
take
took
taken
taking
teach
tear
taught
tore
telecast
telecasted
taught
torn
telecast
telecasted
teaching
tearing
tell
told
told
telling
think
thought
thriven
thrived
thrown
Thinking
throw
thought
throve
thrived
threw
thrust
thrust
thrust
thrusting
tread
trod
trod
trodden
treading
underbid
underbid
underbid
underbidding
undergo
understand
underwent
understood
undergone
understood
undergoing
understanding
undertake
undertook
undertaken
undertaking
underwrite
underwrote
underwritten
underwriting
uphold
upheld
upheld
upholding
upset
upset
upset
upsetting
woken
waked
worn
waking
Despertar
wear
woke
waked
wore
wearing
Llevar puesto (ropa)
weave
wove
woven
weaving
Tejer/Entretejer/
Serpentear/Zigzaguear
wed
wedded
wept
wet
wetted
won
wound
withdrew
wed
wedded
wept
wet
wetted
won
wound
withdrawn
wedding
Casarse con
weeping
Llorar
wetting
Mojar/Humedecer
winning
winding
withdrawing
Ganar/Conseguir
Dejar sin aliento
Retirar(se)/Apartar
telecast
thrive
wake
wed
weep
wet
win
wind
withdraw
8
GERUNDIO
(V-INF + ING)
SIGNIFICADO
swelling
Hinchar/Crecer/Subir
swimming
Nadar
Balancearse/
Columpiarse
Coger/Tomar/
Agarrar/Llevar
Enseñar/Dar clases
Romper/Rasgar
Transmitir/emitir/
Televisar
Contar/Decir
(a alguien algo)
Pensar/Creer
Prosperar/Crecer con
fuerza/Desarrollarse
Lanzar/Arrojar
Empujar/Clavar/
Sacar/Dar estocadas
telecasting
thriving
throwing
Pisar
Hacer una oferta más
baja
Sufrir
Entender/Interpretar
Asumir/Emprender/
Acometer
Asegurar/Financiar/
Avalar
Conservar/Mantener
Disgustar/Ofender/
Alterar/Afectar
INFINITIVO
PASADO
SIMPLE
PARTICIPIO
DE PASADO
(V-INF + ING)
withhold
withheld
withheld
withholding
withstand
withstood
withstood
withstanding
wring
wrung
wrung
wringing
write
wrote
written
writing
GERUNDIO
SIGNIFICADO
Retener/Ocultar(verdad)/
No revelar
Resistir/Soportar/
Aguantar
Escurrir/Retorcer/
Estrujar
Escribir
- Las formas verbales que delante suya lleven un asterisco (*) significan que son o
verbos modales o una forma arcaica, que por lo general no se suele usar.
- “sb” significa ‘somebody’ y quiere decir que detrás del verbo o de la preposición que
acompañe al verbo hay que poner una persona, ya sea nombre, pronombre en caso
objeto…
- “st” significa ‘something’.
9