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8
7
2000
Histórico
1995
Proyección de las Naciones
Unidas
6
1990
5
1975
4
3
1950
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2
1900
1800
1
1650
0
0
400
800
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1200
1600
2000
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Lactante: 195 meses (16,3 años) ó 65 % del tiempo.
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Las facilidades adecuadas para la lactancia
son una inversión en la salud de la fuerza
laboral presente y futura. Los bebés de hoy
son los trabajadores del mañana.
TIEMPO
1. Otorgar por lo menos cuatro meses de licencia
por maternidad remunerada (con un ideal de seis
meses) que se inicia después que nace el niño.
Ofrecer otras opciones como una licencia de
maternidad mayor con pago de salario parcial.
2. Ofrecer horas flexibles de trabajo a las mujeres
que están amamantando, como programas de
trabajo parcial, interrupción más largos para el
almuerzo y trabajo compartido.
3. Otorgar pausas para amamantar de por lo menos
una hora diaria.
ESPACIO/
PROXIMIDAD
1. Apoyar el cuidado de bebés y niños en el
lugar de trabajo o cerca de él y dar
transporte para que las madres puedan
unirse con sus pequeños. En lugares de
trabajo rural y durante períodos de trabajo
estacional, utilizar unidades de cuidado
móvil para los niños.
2. Proveer instalaciones cómodas y privadas
para la extracción y almacenamiento de la
leche materna.
3. Mantener el ambiente de trabajo
limpio y seguro, libre de residuos
peligrosos y de sustancias
químicas.
APOYO
1. Informar a las mujeres trabajadoras y a los
sindicatos sobre los beneficios de la maternidad y
dar información para apoyar la salud de las mujeres.
2. Garantizar que las mujeres tengan plena seguridad
en el trabajo.
3. Estimular a los compañeros de trabajo y al personal
administrativo para que tengan una actitud positiva
hacia la lactancia en público.
4. Estimular la creación de una red de mujeres
de apoyo para sindicatos y grupos de
trabajadores, que puedan colaborar
con las mujeres para combinar
lactancia y trabajo.
Lactancia materna
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Depósitos de hierro
Hemoglobina
(hierro en
glóbulos rojos)
Ferritina
sérica
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transferrina
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eritrocítica
libre (PEL)
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de hemoglobina
en sujetos normales
Normal
Carencia de hierro
Anemia por carencia de hierro
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-./012 33
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208
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4,5
4,0
3,5
3,0
2,5
2,0
1,5
1,0
0,5
0
6
7
8
9
Edad (años)
Kingston (sin flúor en el agua)
Newburgh (1-1,2 ppm de flúor en el agua)
-($,"$T#P-+?-<#$"4+9C8#5BV6A
10
Nutrición humana en el mundo en desarrollo
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209
8
4
0
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
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210
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