neighbourhoods and incipient urbanism in the nepeña valley, north

Contributions in New World
$UFKDHRORJ\9: 33-50
NEIGHBOURHOODS AND INCIPIENT URBANISM IN THE
NEPEÑA VALLEY, NORTH-CENTRAL COAST OF PERU
CIRCA 500 BCE
0ൺඍඍඁൾඐ+ൾඅආൾඋ1ൺඇൽ'ൺඏංൽ&ඁංർඈංඇൾ2
1
8QLYHUVLW\RI(DVW$QJOLD6DLQVEXU\5HVHDUFK8QLW1RUZLFK8QLWHG.LQJGRP(PDLOPKHOPHU#XHDDFXN
2
/RXLVLDQD6WDWH8QLYHUVLW\'HSDUWPHQWRI*HRJUDSK\DQG$QWKURSRORJ\%DWRQ5RXJH/RXLVLDQD
(PDLOGFKLFR#OVXHGX
Abstract
7RZDUG WKH HQG RI WKH ¿UVW PLOOHQQLXP %&( WKH FRDVWDO $QGHV RI PRGHUQGD\ 3HUX ZLWQHVVHG D ZLGHVSUHDG WUHQG
toward early urban life styles. This article examines early Andean urbanism in the Nepeña valley after the decline of the
&KDYtQ&XSLVQLTXHUHOLJLRXVLQÀXHQFHV%DVHGRQH[FDYDWLRQVFDUULHGRXWDWWKUHHORZHU1HSHxDYDOOH\VLWHVZHDQDO\VHWKH
architectural, spatial and material data to reconstruct early urban forms of community organisation. We suggest that the concept
RIQHLJKERXUKRRGLVXVHIXOWRFKDUDFWHULVHHDUO\SURFHVVHVRIXUEDQLVPLQWKHUHJLRQ0RUHVSHFL¿FDOO\RXUFRPSDUDWLYHVWXG\
LQGLFDWHVWKDWQHLJKERXUKRRGVZHUHGHULYHGIURPSDWLRDQGSOD]DJURXSVZKLFKIRUPHGWKHEDFNERQHRIXUEDQWUDQVIRUPDWLRQV
3XEOLFFHUHPRQLDOHYHQWVLQFOXGLQJIHDVWVLQVLGHEHQFKHGSOD]DVDQGHVSHFLDOO\GDLO\WDVNVLQVLGHFRORQQDGHGSDWLRVUHSUHVHQWHG
NH\PRPHQWVZKHQQHLJKERXUKRRGLGHQWLWLHVDQGFRPPXQDOWLHVZHUHQHJRWLDWHGUHDI¿UPHGDQGWUDQVIRUPHG6HWWOHPHQWV
ZHUHQHWZRUNHGRQDWLHUHGV\VWHPZLWKSULPDU\XUEDQFHQWUHVDQGVPDOOHUVDWHOOLWHVEXLOWLQLGHQWLFDOIRUPVRIVWRQHSDWLR
groups agglutinated into compounds.
.H\ZRUGVcoastal Andes, urbanism, Salinar, social life
Resumen
+DFLDORV¿QDOHVGHOSULPHUPLOHQLR$(&ORV$QGHVFRVWHURVTXHKR\SHUWHQHFHQDO3HU~IXHURQWHVWLJRVGHOGHVDUUROOR
JHQHUDOL]DGRGHORVSURFHVRVGHWHPSUDQDXUEDQL]DFLyQ(OSUHVHQWHDUWtFXORHVWXGLDHOWHPSUDQRXUEDQLVPRDQGLQRGHOYDOOH
1HSHxDFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHDODpSRFDSRVWHULRUDOGHFOLYHGHOFXOWRUHOLJLRVR&KDYtQ±&XSLVQLTXHTXHVHFRQVLGHUDODSULPHUD
WUDGLFLyQFXOWXUDOSDQDQGLQD%DViQGRQRVHQODVH[FDYDFLRQHVUHDOL]DGDVHQWUHVVLWLRVXELFDGRVHQODSDUWHEDMDGHOYDOOH1HSHxDDQDOL]DPRVORVGDWRVDUTXLWHFWyQLFRVHVSDFLDOHV\PDWHULDOHVFRQHO¿QGHUHFRQVWUXLUODVWHPSUDQDVIRUPDVXUEDQDVGHOD
RUJDQL]DFLyQVRFLDO6XJHULPRVTXHSDUDFDUDFWHUL]DUORVSURFHVRVWHPSUDQRVGHXUEDQL]DFLyQGHHVWD]RQDHV~WLOHOFRQFHSWR
de vecindario. Más en concreto, nuestro estudio comparativo indica que los vecindarios derivaban de los grupos que surgían
DOUHGHGRUGHXQSDWLRRXQDSOD]D\TXHIRUPDEDQODFROXPQDYHUWHEUDOGHODVWUDQVIRUPDFLRQHVXUEDQDVGHODUHJLRQ/DVFHUHPRQLDVS~EOLFDVTXHLQFOXtDQEDQTXHWHVHQODVSOD]DVFRQEDQFRV\HQHVSHFLDOODVWDUHDVGLDULDVUHDOL]DGDVEDMRORVVRSRUWDOHV
GHORVSDWLRVHUDQPRPHQWRVFODYHHQORVVHQHJRFLDEDQUHD¿UPDEDQ\WUDQVIRUPDEDQODLGHQWLGDGGHOYHFLQGDULR\ORVOD]RVGH
ODFRPXQLGDG/RVDVHQWDPLHQWRVIRUPDEDQXQDUHGEDVDGDHQXQVLVWHPDHVFDORQDGRFRQFHQWURVXUEDQRVSULPDULRV\VDWpOLWHV
PiVSHTXHxRVFRQVWUXLGRVVHJ~QXQHVTXHPDLGpQWLFRTXHFRQVLVWtDHQJUXSRVGHSDWLRVGHSLHGUDTXHVHMXQWDEDQIRUPDQGR
complejos más grandes. .
Palabras claves: $QGHVFRVWHURXUEDQL]DFLyQ6DOLQDUYLGDVRFLDO