mejoramiento de la germinación de algodón en condiciones

8QLYHUVLGDG1DFLRQDOGH&yUGRED
)DFXOWDGGH&LHQFLDV$JURSHFXDULDV
(VFXHODSDUDJUDGXDGRV
0(-25$0,(172'(/$*(50,1$&,¾1'(
$/*2'¾1(1&21',&,21(6'(6)$925$%/(6
&$0%,26(1/$65(/$&,21(6+º'5,&$6
352'8&,'26325(/35,0,1*
0DUtD(7RVHOOL
7HVLV
3DUDRSWDUDO*UDGR$FDGpPLFRGH
0DJLVWHUHQ&LHQFLDV$JURSHFXDULDV
0HQFLyQ7HFQRORJtDGH6HPLOODV
&yUGRED
0(-25$0,(172'(/$*(50,1$&,¾1'($/*2'¾1(1
&21',&,21(6'(6)$925$%/(6&$0%,26(1/$6
5(/$&,21(6+º'5,&$6352'8&,'26325(/35,0,1*
0DUtD(7RVHOOL
&RPLVLyQ$VHVRUDGH7HVLV
'LUHFWRU
,QJ$JU06F(VWHU&&DVHQDYH
$VHVRUHV 'UD2OJD'HO/RQJR
'U5RGROIR6iQFKH]
7ULEXQDO([DPLQDGRUGH7HVLV
'UD2OJD'HO/RQJR
žžžžžžžžžžžž
'U$OEHUWR'*ROEHUJ
žžžžžžžžžžžžžžž
,QJ$JU06F/DXUD$*RQ]DOH]
žžžžžžžžžžžžžžž
LL
5HVXPHQ
(O SULPLQJ HV XQ SUHWUDWDPLHQWR GH VHPLOODV XWLOL]DGR SDUD PHMRUDU OD
JHUPLQDFLyQ HQ DPELHQWHV VHPLiULGRV GRQGH VRQ IUHFXHQWHV ODV
FRQGLFLRQHV GHVIDYRUDEOHV GXUDQWH OD LPSODQWDFLyQ GH ORV FXOWLYRV (VWH
WUDEDMRIXHUHDOL]DGRFRQ HO REMHWR GH HVWXGLDU ODV UHODFLRQHV KtGULFDV GH
ODVVHPLOODVGHDOJRGyQ*RVV\SLXPKLUVXWXP / ODV PRGLILFDFLRQHV HQ
ODVPLVPDVLPSXHVWDVSRUHOSULPLQJ \HOHIHFWRGHHVWHWUDWDPLHQWRVREUH
OD JHUPLQDFLyQ HQ FRQGLFLRQHV GH GpILFLW KtGULFR VDOLQLGDG \ EDMDV
WHPSHUDWXUDV3DUDFXDQWLILFDUODVUHODFLRQHVKtGULFDVVHXWLOL]yHOPRGHOR
GH WLHPSR KtGULFR LQFXEiQGRVH ODV VHPLOODV GH DOJRGyQ HQ XQ UDQJR GH
SRWHQFLDOHVGHD03DJHQHUDGRVSRUSROLHWLOHQJOLFRO3(*$SDUWLU
GHODVFXUYDVGHLPELELFLyQHQDJXD\3(*VHGHILQLHURQODVGXUDFLRQHV
GHORVWUDWDPLHQWRVHQORVTXHODVVHPLOODVDOFDQ]DURQLJXDOFRQWHQLGRGH
DJXD/DHIHFWLYLGDGGHORVPLVPRVIXHHYDOXDGDVREUHODJHUPLQDFLyQHQ
DJXD\ HQ 3(* 03D 6H XWLOL]y HO WUDWDPLHQWR GH KLGURSULPLQJ KRUDV SDUD HYDOXDU ODV PRGLILFDFLRQHV HQ ORV SDUiPHWURV GHULYDGRV GHO
PRGHOR GH WLHPSR KtGULFR \ VX HIHFWR VREUH OD JHUPLQDFLyQ HQ
FRQGLFLRQHVGHHVWUpVKtGULFR03DVDOLQR1D&OPHTO\EDMDV
WHPSHUDWXUDV •& /DV UHODFLRQHV KtGULFDV HVWLPDGDV SRU HO PRGHOR
SDUD VHPLOODV VLQ SULPLQJ IXHURQ WLHPSR KtGULFR T+ 03D G
SRWHQFLDO EDVH PHGLR <E 03D \ GHVYLDFLyQ GHO SRWHQFLDO
LLL
EDVHV<E (ORVPRSULPLQJHQ3(*LQKLELyODJHUPLQDFLyQWDQWR
HQ DJXD FRPR HQ HVWUpV KtGULFR DXPHQWDQGR HVWH HIHFWR LQKLELWRULR DO
DXPHQWDUODFRQFHQWUDFLyQGHORVPyWLFR\ODGXUDFLyQGHOWUDWDPLHQWR(O
KLGURSULPLQJ GH KRUDV HOHJLGR FRPR HO WUDWDPLHQWR PiV DGHFXDGR
DXPHQWy VLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWH OD YHORFLGDG GH JHUPLQDFLyQ HQ FRQGLFLRQHV
HVWiQGDU DJXD D •& D EDMDV WHPSHUDWXUDV \ HQ FRQGLFLRQHV GH
VDOLQLGDG DXQTXH QR PRVWUy YHQWDMDV HQ FRQGLFLRQHV GH HVWUpV KtGULFR
%DMRHVWDVFRQGLFLRQHVHOHIHFWRGHOKLGURSULPLQJ IXHH[SOLFDGRSRUODV
PRGLILFDFLRQHVHQODVUHODFLRQHVKtGULFDVGHULYDGDVGHOPRGHORRFXUULGDV
GXUDQWHHOWUDWDPLHQWRGLVPLQXFLyQGHOT+ D03DG\DXPHQWRGHO
<E D 03D (O KLGURSULPLQJ PRVWUy XQ FRPSRUWDPLHQWR
SURPLVRULRSDUDFRQIHULUOHYHQWDMDVDODJHUPLQDFLyQGHDOJRGyQIUHQWHD
GLVWLQWDVFRQGLFLRQHVGHHVWUpV
3DODEUDVFODYHV*RVV\SLXPKLUVXWXPRVPRSULPLQJKLGURSULPLQJPRGHORGH
WLHPSRKtGULFRHVWUpV
LY
$%675$&7
3ULPLQJLVDVHHGSUHWUHDWPHQWXVHGWRLPSURYHJHUPLQDWLRQLQ VHPLDULG
HQYLURQPHQWVZKHUHXQIDYRUDEOHFRQGLWLRQVDUHFRPPRQGXULQJVHHGOLQJ
HVWDEOLVKPHQW 7KH DLP RI WKLV ZRUN ZDV WR VWXG\ WKH ZDWHU UHODWLRQV LQ
FRWWRQ VHHGV *RVV\SLXP KLUVXWXP / WKH PRGLILFDWLRQ FDXVHG E\
SULPLQJ DQG WKH HIIHFW RI WKLV WUHDWPHQW RQ JHUPLQDWLRQ LQ ZDWHU VWUHVV
VDOLQLW\DQGORZWHPSHUDWXUH+\GURWLPHPRGHOZDVXVHGWRTXDQWLI\WKH
ZDWHU UHODWLRQV RI FRWWRQ VHHGV 7KH VHHGV ZHUH LQFXEDWHG LQ D ZDWHU
SRWHQWLDO UDQJH IURP WR 03D JHQHUDWHG E\ SRO\HWK\OHQH JO\FRO
3(* 8VLQJ WKH ZDWHU DQG 3(* LPELELWLRQ FXUYHV WKH OHQJWK RI
WUHDWPHQWV LQ ZKLFK VHHGV UHDFKHG WKH VDPH ZDWHU FRQWHQW ZDV GHILQHG
7KH HIIHFWLYHQHVV RI WUHDWPHQWV ZDV HYDOXDWHG RQ JHUPLQDWLRQ LQ ZDWHU
DQG 3(* 03D +\GURSULPLQJ KRXUV ZDV XVHG WR HYDOXDWH WKH
PRGLILFDWLRQV LQ SDUDPHWHUV GHULYHG IURP WKH K\GURWLPH PRGHO DQG LWV
HIIHFW RQ JHUPLQDWLRQ LQ ZDWHU VWUHVV FRQGLWLRQV 03D VDOW VWUHVV
PHTO 1D&O DQG ORZ WHPSHUDWXUHV ƒ& 7KH ZDWHU UHODWLRQV
HVWLPDWHG E\ WKH PRGHO XVLQJ VHHGV ZLWKRXW SULPLQJ ZHUH K\GURWLPH
T+ 03D G PHDQ EDVH SRWHQWLDO <E 03D DQG EDVH
SRWHQWLDOGHYLDWLRQV<E 7KHRVPRSULPLQJLQ3(*LQKLELWHGWKH
JHUPLQDWLRQLQZDWHUDVPXFKDVLQZDWHUVWUHVVLQFUHDVLQJWKHLQKLELWRU\
HIIHFWDVRVPRWLFFRQFHQWUDWLRQDQGGXUDWLRQRIWUHDWPHQWLQFUHDVHG7KH
K\GURSULPLQJ RI KRXUV FKRVHQ DV WKH EHVW WUHDWPHQW VLJQLILFDQWO\
Y
LQFUHDVHG WKH VSHHG RI JHUPLQDWLRQ LQ VWDQGDUG FRQGLWLRQV DW ORZ
WHPSHUDWXUH DQG LQ VDOW VWUHVV FRQGLWLRQV HYHQ WKRXJK QR LPSURYHPHQW
ZDV REVHUYHG LQ ZDWHU VWUHVV FRQGLWLRQV 8QGHU WKHVH FRQGLWLRQV WKH
K\GURSULPLQJ HIIHFW ZDV H[SODLQHG E\ D GHFUHDVH RI T+ 03D G
DQG DQ LQFUHDVH RI <E 03D +\GURSULPLQJ VHHPV WR EH D
SURPLVLQJ WUHDWPHQW WR LPSURYH FRWWRQ VHHG JHUPLQDWLRQ XQGHU GLIIHUHQW
VWUHVVFRQGLWLRQV
.H\ ZRUGV *RVV\SLXP KLUVXWXP RVPRSULPLQJ K\GURSULPLQJ K\GURWLPH
PRGHOVWUHVV
YL