Lección 01 Pronouns + Nouns And Plural Nouns + Demostrative Adjetive + Verb to be (Present)

Pronouns + Nouns and Plural Nouns +
Demostrative Adjetive + Verb to be (Present)
PRONOUNS + NOUNS AND PLURAL NOUNS +
DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE + VERB TO BE (PRESENT)
A pronoun is a word used in place of a noun or of more than one noun.
Example: Anglers complained about the weather forecast. They said it had not warned them of the storm. [The
pronouns they and them take the place of a noun anglers. The pronoun it takes the place of the noun forecast.]
Sometimes a pronoun takes the place of another pronoun.
Example: One of the film projectors is broken. It has been sent out for repair. [The pronoun it takes the place
of the pronoun it.]
TYPES
1.
PERSONAL PRONOUNS: Personal Pronouns take the place of nouns – either common or proper – that refer
to people. (used in the subject of the sentence; show who is doing the action or whom the sentence is talking
about)
First,
Singular
Second,
or Plural
or Third
PERSONAL PRONOUNS
Person
Singular
Plural
First
I
Second
you
Third
he, she, it
First
we
Second
you
Third
they
P R E P Á R A T E , E X ÍG E T E .. . .. . IN G R E S A !
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Tenem os
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F ó r m u la... !
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Pronouns + Nouns and Plural Nouns +
Demostrative Adjetive + Verb to be (Present)
2.
POSSESIVE PRONOUNS: Always act as adjectives because they give information that limits the noun that
follows. (act as adjectives and, in a sentence, are always written before the nouns of which they show
possession, or ownership)
First,
Singular
Second,
or Plural
or Third
POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS
Person
Singular
Plural
3.
First
my
Second
your
Third
his, her, its
First
our
Second
your
Third
their
REFLEXIVE PRONOUNS: We use a reflexive pronoun to refer back to the subject of the sentence or
clause. Reflexive pronouns end in "-self" (singular) or "-selves" (plural).
First,
Singular
Second,
or Plural
or Third
REFLEXIVE PRONOUN
Person
Singular
Plural
4.
First
myself
Second
yourself
Third
Himself, herself, itself
First
ourselves
Second
yourselves
Third
themselves
OBJECT PRONOUN: Object pronouns are used instead of nouns, usually because we already know what the
object is. It makes the sentence easier to read and understand and avoids repetition. We normally use object
pronouns after a verb or a preposition.
First,
Singular
Second,
or Plural
or Third
OBJECT
PRONOUNS
Person
First
Singular
Plural
2
Tenem os
la
F ó r m u la... !
me
Second
you
Third
him, her, it
First
us
Second
you
Third
them
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P R E P Á R A T E , E X ÍG E T E .. . .. . IN G R E S A !
Pronouns + Nouns and Plural Nouns +
Demostrative Adjetive + Verb to be (Present)
THE NOUN
What is a noun?
A noun is a word that names something, such as a person, place, thing, or idea. In a sentence, nouns can play the
role of subject, direct object, indirect object, subject complement, object complement, appositive, or adjective.
Types of nouns
Nouns form a large proportion of English vocabulary and they come in a wide variety of types. Nouns can name a
person:
EXAMPLES:

Albert Einstein

Nouns can also name a place:
the president

my mother

a girl
EXAMPLES:

Mount Vesuvius

Disneyland

my bedroom
Nouns can also name things, although sometimes they might be intangible things, such as concepts, activities,
or processes. Some might even be hypothetical or imaginary things.
EXAMPLES:
 shoe
 faucet
 freedom
 The Elder Wand
 Basketball
PLURAL NOUNS
P R E P Á R A T E , E X ÍG E T E .. . .. . IN G R E S A !
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Tenem os
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F ó r m u la... !
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Pronouns + Nouns and Plural Nouns +
Demostrative Adjetive + Verb to be (Present)
DEMOSTRATIVE ADJECTIVE
THIS – THAT – THESE – THOSE
DEMOSTRATIVES
THE VERB TO BE
Marco teórico
AFFIRMATIVE
The verb to be is the most important verb in the English language. It is difficult to use because it is an irregular
verb in almost all of its forms. In the simple present tense, to be is conjugated as follows:
SUBJECT
FULL FORM
CONTRACTED FORM
I
AM
‘m
YOU
ARE
‘re
HE / SHE / IT
WE
IS
‘s
YOU*
ARE
‘re
SUBJECT
FULL FORM
CONTRACTED FORM
I
AM NOT
‘m not
YOU
HE / SHE / IT
ARE NOT
IS NOT
aren’t
isn’t
ARE NOT
aren’t
NEGATIVE
THEY
WE
YOU*
THEY
4
Tenem os
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F ó r m u la... !
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P R E P Á R A T E , E X ÍG E T E .. . .. . IN G R E S A !
INTERROGATIVE
Pronouns + Nouns and Plural Nouns +
Demostrative Adjetive + Verb to be (Present)
VERB TO BE
SUBJECT
AM
ARE
I
YOU
IS
HE / SHE / IT
ARE
YOU*
WE
THEY
USE OF THE SIMPLE PRESENT OF TO BE
The principal use of the simple present is to refer to an action or event that takes place habitually, but with the
verb "to be" the simple present tense also refers to a present or general state, whether temporary, permanent or
habitual.


I am happy.
She is helpful.
The verb to be in the simple present can be also used to refer to something that is true at the present moment.


She is 20 years old.
He is a student.
P R E P Á R A T E , E X ÍG E T E .. . .. . IN G R E S A !
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Tenem os
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F ó r m u la... !
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Pronouns + Nouns and Plural Nouns +
Demostrative Adjetive + Verb to be (Present)
01. This is Tim. ………………. car is very fast.
a) My
c) His
e) Your
07. Nouns that end in "Y" change into plural form by
changing the y and adding:
b) Her
d) Their
02. Jane and I are in the garden. …………… books are
in the classroom.
a) Your
c) Their
e) Her
a) s
c) ves
e) as
08. Nouns that end in a vowel followed by "y" change
into plural form simply by addition of:
b) Our
d) My
a) s
c) ves
e) as
03. Are you a driver? Where is …………… car?
a) Your
c) Their
e) Its
a) s
c) ves
e) as
04. Is she a driver? This is ………… car.
b) Your
d) Their
a) s
c) ves
e) as
b) Our
d) Her
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Tenem os
b) es
d) ies
a) this
c) these
e) they
F ó r m u la... !
b) that
d) those
12. Hello, Dr. Smith. Could you please look at
………….cut on my finger?
a) this
c) these
e) theye
la
b) es
d) ies
11. Look at………….birds up there in the tree.
06. Nouns that end in ch, sh, o,s, ss, x and z get
their plural adding:
a) s
c) ves
e) as
b) es
d) ies
10. Most plural nouns form their plural by adding
simply:
05. She is my friend. …………. name is Meltem.
a) Your
c) Their
e) My
b) es
d) ies
09. To form the plural of a noun that ends in -f or fe, we replace the -f or -fe with
b) My
d) Our
a) Her
c) Our
e) My
b) es
d) ies
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b) that
d) those
P R E P Á R A T E , E X ÍG E T E .. . .. . IN G R E S A !
Pronouns + Nouns and Plural Nouns +
Demostrative Adjetive + Verb to be (Present)
13. Are………….your books over there on the table?
a) this
c) these
e) they
20. (A) Where are you from?
(B) I … from Santiago, Chile.
b) that
d) those
a) am
c) are
e) was
b) is
d) be
14. Maybe we should ask………….policeman over there
for directions.
a) this
c) these
e) they
b) that
d) those
15. My umbrella is right here. ………….is my umbrella.
a) this
c) these
e) they
b) that
d) those
16. My brother knows how to fly an airplane. He … a
pilot.
a) is
c) am
e) was
b) are
d) be
17. (A) Where is he? Is he at work?
(B) No, he ….
a) isn’t
c) is
e) were
b) not
d) be
18. (A) Are you hungry?
(B) Yes, I ….
a) are
c) is
e) was
b) am
d) be
19. I like my cousin, but he … always late.
a) are
c) aren’t
e) were
b) is
d) be
P R E P Á R A T E , E X ÍG E T E .. . .. . IN G R E S A !
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Tenem os
la
F ó r m u la... !
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Pronouns + Nouns and Plural Nouns +
Demostrative Adjetive + Verb to be (Present)
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Tenem os
la
F ó r m u la... !
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P R E P Á R A T E , E X ÍG E T E .. . .. . IN G R E S A !