TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer S21 Classifier - Guide Presentation The following instructions have the goal of addressing the functionality of the S21 classifier software, aspects of calibration and system maintenance. Firstly, the user will know the capabilities of the system through access to seven pre-scanned samples and the application of some available filters. The user may also, in addition to creating new filters, change the parameters of the existing filters and understand the logic of function of them through the results that will be presented from the 7 pre-scanned samples. All the percentages and numerical results has its visual correspondent on the screen. Starting the Software "S21 Classifier" 01) To start, click on the icon "Classificador S21" 02) Insert the login (s21) and password (If you do not have a password, please request to our support team) s21 **** AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 2 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 03) Wellcome to S21 Classifier!! 04) On this screen the user must choose the sort settings available according to the class of rice to be analyzed. To begin our explanation, choose "Long White" and click "Choose". AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 3 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 05) This is the main screen of S21. The software was designed to be simple to operate. The basic parsing operation boils down to: a) scanning the sample; b) processing images; c) apply a filter classification; d) view the results report. 06) All scanned and processed sample is stored in the S21. To access it click "Processed Samples". AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 4 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 07) On this screen, enter the period you want to list the samples already processed. ATTENTION!! To access the pre-scaned samples, you must report on the first field a date less than or equal to 30/09/2013 for that the samples be listed. Then click "Load Samples". The seven samples will be listed. 30/09/2013 08) The 7 pre-scanned samples will be listed. On this screen, the user should search and choose the sample that want to open. Continue selecting the sample "Diversos - Long White Thin - Harvest Rice". Then click "View". AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 5 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 09) The chosen sample (Long White Thin - Harvest Rice) was opened. By default, when we open a processed sample, the screen that shows the whole grain of the sample is displayed. At this stage of the analysis, we have known the following results: integers, 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4 grain. Other results will come with the use of filters. Sorting 10) To access other screens that show the grain 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4 of the sample click one of the options of the "Image" menu. Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 6 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Percentage of 3/4 in the sample "Diversos - Long White Thin - Harvest Rice" = 9:54% Sorting Percentage of 1/2 in the sample "Diversos - Long White Thin - Harvest Rice" = 3.09% Sorting Percentage of 1/4 in the sample "Diversos - Long White Thin - Harvest Rice" = 0.01% Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 7 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 11) To continue to explain the use and functioning of filters, turn back to the whole grain screen. Click the item "Whole" of the "Image" menu. Sorting 12) The filters in S21 are logical structures that apply to any processed sample to find the indexes of industrial quality of the sample. The results are used to calibrate the industry, keeping a standard of rice quality, from the arrival till the final product. In research centers, the filters allow to evaluate the physical characteristics of rice. The S21 works with two groups of filters: "Basic Filters" and "Advanced filters". To access them, a sample must be open. We will begin by explaining Basic Filters, but before accessing them read the box on the next page. Sorting Basic Filter Advanced Filters AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 8 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Individual Characteristics of Grains Before starting the use of filters, it is necessary to understand how the S21 processes the samples. After processing the images coming from the scan, the S21 individualizes the grains found in the images with the following physical characteristics: Length, Width, Chalk Area, Spotted Area, Total Whiteness and Vitreous Whiteness. Click on a frame (grain) of the screen and see the individual characteristics of the selected grain. The S21 analizes one grain at a time. When there are two or more grains in the same frame, always consider the grain at the center. See the example below. 1 AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 9 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Basic Filters The Basic filters are simple logical structures and easy to use. Its filtering logic is simple and gives the S21 user a quality profile of the sample that fits perfectly in the industrial classification process of rice. To continue the explanation, we will use the same sample as an example: "Diversos - Long White Thin - Harvest Rice". 01) Click Basic Filter. Sorting 02) This screen shows the list of basic filters available. Has four basic filters created, but you can create as many filters as needed. To apply or edit a filter, select an item from the list. In this example, as we have a sample of Long rice type, choose the filter "Long White Rice". AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 10 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 03) The box will expand showing the saved parameters in the filter. These parameters define with what criteria (chalk, spoted, length and width) that rice will be analyzed. The box at the bottom of the page has information about these parameters. Now we proceed with the analysis. Click "Apply» Filter «Long White Rice». How it Works? This parameter of the Basic Filter defines the index of chalky grains in two levels: Chalky (grains with chalk area >= 70%) and Partially Chalky (grains with chalk area >= 50% and < 70%). These parameters are editable. This parameter of the Basic Filter defines the index of the grains with Color defects (will be considered grains with color defects those with spotted area >= 10.5%). This parameter is editable. This parameter of the Basic Filter, defines (in this example) the index of grains of Other Varieties that are not Long (will be considered "other varieties", grains with width between 2.5 mm and 3 mm). This parameter is also editable. Obs.: The checkbox "Active" has the function to enable or not the parameter of the filter. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 11 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 04) After apply the chosen filter, the S21 visually presents the results of the applied filter by marking the grains with the colors of the indexes. Sorting From this stage of the analysis, the user can print the report with the results. However, before printing the report, will be showed some important additional features of the Basic Filter. 05) To improve visualization of the results, we can group the grains within their indexes. Click item "Whole" of the "Damage" menu. theSorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 12 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 06) Now the grains screen is displayed with the grains grouped within its index. To see the gruped grains click the indices shown on the top screen. Sorting Chalky 0,58 % Sorting Partial Chalky 3,81 % Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 13 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Color Damage 0,54 % Sorting Other Varieties 0,00 % Sorting Sorting + Drag and Drop Grains Another feature of the Basic Filter, very useful in the classification of the sample, is the Sorting of grains according each of its features and the use of the mouse to move the grains with the "Drag and Drop Grains" feature. Through this feature you can merge two types of analysis: Numeric (only the application of the filter) and Visual (sensory). The advantage of this hybrid process in relation to the conventional analysis (manual) is the quickness with which the analysis is done by S21. To show this feature we'll use as an example the "Partial Chalky" index that is in 3.81%. We will manipulate the grains visually by using the feature "Sorting + Drag and Drop grains". The partial chalk is a index with a high degree of subjectivity, it is impossible to visually differentiate, for example, a grain with 50% of chalk area of another that has 48% or 53% of chalk area. The human eye does not have this capability. Therefore, starting from the beginning of this subjectivity, we can move some grains visually and suit the results. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 14 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer See how to use the feature "Sorting + Drag and Drop Grains" in the S21: 01) Click the index "Partial Chalky" to see the grains found by the filter. The index is at 3.81%. Remember that we are manipulating the sample "Long White Thin - Harvest Rice". Sorting 02) Now click the index "Head Rice" to see the good grains. The index found by the filter is 82.43% Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 15 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 03) The goal now is to find within the "Head Rice", Partial Chalky grains. To quickly find them, we will use the Sorting feature. Click the "Sorting" menu and then click the "Chalky" item. With this command, we sorted the grains in the screen «Head Rice» from more chalk to less chalk. Probably the first grain on the top screen will have a little less than 50% of chalk area and decreasing in the sequence. These first grains were not considered "Partial Chalk" by being with the chalk area just below the value set by the filter, in this case the limit was set at 50%. Sorting With the sort feature from the S21, the search for grains with more chalky within the "Head Rice" screen will be fast and simple. Now the user can use the Drag and Drop Grains feature of the S21 to put the grains visually deemed partial chalk into the index "Partial Chalky". See how on the next page. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 16 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 01) Hold the "Ctrl" key and click with the mouse on the grains that you judge partial chalk, selecting them. Sorting 02) The S21 user can combine the "CTRL" key with the "SHIFT" key to select an entire sequence of grain. Click the first grain of the sequence holding the "CTRL" key. Release the "CTRL" key. Now click the last grain of sequence holding the "SHIFT" key. Sorting CTRL SHIFT AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 17 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 03) Click the right button of the mouse on a highlighted grain. Holding the button, drag and drop the grains within the index "Partial Chalk". Sorting + + 04) After dragging and dropping grains of "Head Rice" to "Partial Chalk" the index will be increased. Sorting Comments About Sorting + Drag and Drop Grains Feature With regard to Sorting + Drag and Drop Grains feature, the user can apply them in various situations, see some examples: a) Dismember the "Color Defects" index in indices with specific characteristics, eg: Yellow, Spotted, Striped, etc. b) Find whole grains without tips. c) Discard to the trash the impurities that are not part of the sample. d) Find poorly polished grains. e) Find red grains on brown rice. f) Analyze index of peeled rice (peeled x paddy). If you have questions, please contact the support team. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 18 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Printing of Results 01) To view and print the results click "View Report". Sorting 02) The report will be displayed. Atention! Is required an installed printer driver to open the display. To print click "Print". AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 19 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 03) The reports issued by the Basic Filters follow a standard format. S21 Statistical report User: Takeshi Identification of the report: 201310021051 Classification setup: Long White Date/Hour: 02/10/2013 10:51:25 Origin of Sample: Diversos Sample identification: Long White Thin - Harvest Rice Report setup: Long White Rice Report setup description: Kernels with chalky area >= 70.00 % will be cons idered "Chalky". Grains with chalk area between 50.00 e 70.00 are considered Partial Ch alk. Kernels with spotted area >= 10.50 % will be considered "Color Damage". Kernels with width between 2.500 mm and 3.000 mm will be considered "Other Varieties". Whole average height: 5.752 mm Whole average width: 2.071 mm Kernels dropped to the trash: 1 Kernels *** - Quality Scores Whole total: 87.37 % 62.48 gr Processed rice: 100.00 % 71.52 gr Head Rice Color Damage Chalky Partial Chalk Broken 82.43 0.54 0.58 3.81 12.63 % % % % % 58.95 gr 0.39 gr 0.42 gr 2.73 gr 9.04 gr Total whiteness: 131.60 White vitreous: 122.21 Additional Information Wholes Three-quarters Half One-quarter Total Kernels 1888 435 338 4 2665 % Weight 87.37 9.54 3.09 0.01 % Other Varieties 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.08 % Color Damage 0.54 0.43 0.72 0.00 1.70 % Chalky 0.58 0.21 0.05 0.00 0.85 % Partial Chalk 3.81 0.75 0.22 0.00 4.78 % Chalky area 12.64 4.04 3.76 0.03 20.46 PPC: 178 The report of the Basic Filter is divided into three parts: "Heading" "Quality Indexes" "Aditional Information". AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 20 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Standar Report of the Basic Filter Header The header section contains the data that identifies the analysis (A). We have in the header the information about the average length and average width of the grains considered whole and also the grains discarded for trash (B). The recycle bin feature will be discussed later, has the function to clean up and discard particles and/or grains that are unwanted in the scanned sample. S21 Statistical report A B User: Takeshi Identification of the report: 201310021051 Classification setup: Long White Date/Hour: 02/10/2013 10:51:25 Origin of Sample: Diversos Sample identification: Long White Thin - Harvest Rice Report setup: Long White Rice Report setup description: Kernels with chalky area >= 70.00 % will be cons idered "Chalky". Grains with chalk area between 50.00 e 70.00 are considered Partial Ch alk. Kernels with spotted area >= 10.50 % will be considered "Color Damage". Kernels with width between 2.500 mm and 3.000 mm will be considered "Other Varieties". Whole average height: 5.752 mm Whole average width: 2.071 mm Kernels dropped to the trash: 1 Kernels *** - Quality Scores The Quality Scores section contains qualitative data of the analysis: (A) Total of whole grains in percentage and weight. The total sample weight (72.52 g) is a data informed by the user. Just below we have qualitative data presented in two columns: (B) Percentage and (C) weight. Lastly two indices of whiteness: (D) Total Whiteness and Vitreous Whiteness. See the next page the comment about the whiteness in the S21. A Whole total: 87.37 % 62.48 gr Processed rice: 100.00 % 71.52 gr Head Rice Color Damage Chalky Partial Chalk Broken D Quality Scores B 82.43 0.54 0.58 3.81 12.63 % % % % % C 58.95 0.39 0.42 2.73 9.04 gr gr gr gr gr Total whiteness: 131.60 White vitreous: 122.21 AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 21 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Aditional Information The "Additional Information" section contains qualitative data of the sample separated by the columns: Whole, 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4. The last line of the session gives us a new qualitative data, that is only possible to measure by analysis of digital image: Chalk area (A) of the sample. The smaller the chalk area more vitreous is the sample. Additional Information A Wholes Three-quarters Half One-quarter Total Kernels 1888 435 338 4 2665 % Weight 87.37 9.54 3.09 0.01 % Other Varieties 0.00 0.08 0.00 0.00 0.08 % Color Damage 0.54 0.43 0.72 0.00 1.70 % Chalky 0.58 0.21 0.05 0.00 0.85 % Partial Chalk 3.81 0.75 0.22 0.00 4.78 % Chalky area 12.64 4.04 3.76 0.03 20.46 PPC: 178 About Total Whiteness and Vitreous Whiteness in the S21 Regarding the measurement of whiteness in the S21, has two indices: Total Whiteness and Vitreous Whiteness. The S21 has its own scale of whiteness with range 0-200. The Total Whiteness is measured from the total mass of the sample. The Vitreous Whiteness is measured from the total mass of the sample discarding the part considered chalk. We use the Vitreous Whiteness as a polishing reference, because it has less influence of the amount of chalk present in the sample. To get an idea, whiteness 40 in Kett scale corresponds to 130 in the S21 scale. In most varieties of white rice, the Vitreous Whiteness should be between 120 and 127 after polishing. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 22 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Advanced Filters The Advanced Filters are more complex logic structures that enable to elaborate various types of analyzes. To create and/or edit the advanced filters is necessary that the user has knowledge of programming logic. This guide does not address issues concerning elaborating and editing of advanced filters. The default software comes with some examples of advanced filters for that the user to know the potential of this group of filters. To access the list of Advanced Filters, you have to open some Processed Sample. 01) Click Processed Samples. 02) Enter the period that you want to list the samples already processed. Attention!! To list the pre-scanned samples, you must report in the first field the date 30/09/2013 for that the samples be listed. Then click "Load Samples". 30/09/2013 AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 23 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 03) The seven samples will be listed. On this screen the user can search and list the samples that he want to open. To continue training, choose the sample "Diversos - Basmati Rice from Brazil" and then click "View". 04) With the Basmati rice sample openned, access the list of Advanced Filters. Click the item "Aplly Filter" of the "Advanced Filters" menu. Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 24 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 05) The S21 has 8 advanced filters saved. The filters of the class "Histogram" were created to attend the research centers that need the analysis of the sample with a frequency diagram, grouped by each of the characteristics of the grains: Chalk, Length, Total Whiteness, Vitreous Whiteness, Dark Spotted and Spotted. The last filter of the list, "White Long Thin Brazilian Quality Normative", was created to assist in the supervision of the long thin rice type in Brazil, according to Brazilian normatives of quality. In this example, we will apply the filter "Histogram - Length White" in the Basmati rice sample to know in detail the length ranges of the grains of the sample. 04) Click the "Histogram - Lenght White". The tab with the logic tree of the filter will open, but do not bother to understand it, at this point we just want to apply the filter in the sample of the Basmati rice. Click "Apply» AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 25 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 05) After applying the chosen filter we will have the tree of the filter with the values found in each branch of the tree. To see the result of the analysis, click "View Report". 06) To print the report. Click "Print". AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 26 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer S21 Statistical report User: Takeshi Identification of the report: 201310021621 Classification setup: Basmati White Date/Hour: 02/10/2013 16:21:15 Origin of Sample: Diversos Sample identification: Basmati Rice from Brazil Report setup: Histogram - Lenght White Whole average height: 6.959 mm Whole average width: 1.685 mm Kernels dropped to the trash: 2 Kernels *** - Quality Scores Processed rice: 100.00 % 100.00 gr <1.5 >=1.5 e < 1.75 >= 1.75 e < 2.0 >=2.0 e < 2.25 >= 2.25 e < 2.5 >= 2.5 e < 2.75 >= 2.75 e < 3.0 >= 3.0 e < 3.25 >= 3.25 e < 3.5 >= 3.5 e < 3.75 >= 3.75 e < 4.0 >= 4.0 e < 4.25 >= 4.25 e < 4.5 >=4.5 e < 4.75 >= 4.75 e < 5.0 >= 5.0 e < 5.25 >= 5.25 e < 5.5 >= 5.5 e < 5.75 >= 5.75 e < 6.0 >= 6.0 e < 6.25 >= 6.25 e < 6.5 >= 6.5 e < 6.75 >= 6.75 e < 7.0 >= 7.0 e < 7.25 >= 7.25 e < 7.5 >= 7.5 e < 7.75 >= 7.75 e < 8.0 >= 8.0 e < 8.25 >=8.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.12 0.08 0.38 1.07 1.59 4.87 9.05 14.26 16.96 19.01 15.79 8.55 5.41 2.11 0.62 % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.12 0.08 0.38 1.07 1.59 4.87 9.05 14.26 16.96 19.01 15.79 8.55 5.41 2.11 0.62 gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr Total whiteness: 138.98 White vitreous: 129.65 Additional Information Total Kernels 1820 % Chalky area 19.50 PPC: 179 AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 27 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 07) The "Quality Scores" section of the report shows how the grains are distributed by sample length range. Quality Scores Processed rice: 100.00 % 100.00 gr <1.5 >=1.5 e < 1.75 >= 1.75 e < 2.0 >=2.0 e < 2.25 >= 2.25 e < 2.5 >= 2.5 e < 2.75 >= 2.75 e < 3.0 >= 3.0 e < 3.25 >= 3.25 e < 3.5 >= 3.5 e < 3.75 >= 3.75 e < 4.0 >= 4.0 e < 4.25 >= 4.25 e < 4.5 >=4.5 e < 4.75 >= 4.75 e < 5.0 >= 5.0 e < 5.25 >= 5.25 e < 5.5 >= 5.5 e < 5.75 >= 5.75 e < 6.0 >= 6.0 e < 6.25 >= 6.25 e < 6.5 >= 6.5 e < 6.75 >= 6.75 e < 7.0 >= 7.0 e < 7.25 >= 7.25 e < 7.5 >= 7.5 e < 7.75 >= 7.75 e < 8.0 >= 8.0 e < 8.25 >=8.25 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.12 0.08 0.38 1.07 1.59 4.87 9.05 14.26 16.96 19.01 15.79 8.55 5.41 2.11 0.62 % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.00 0.03 0.00 0.12 0.08 0.38 1.07 1.59 4.87 9.05 14.26 16.96 19.01 15.79 8.55 5.41 2.11 0.62 gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr gr Total whiteness: 138.98 White vitreous: 129.65 08) If you installed MS Office 2010 (32-bit) package you can export saved reports to Excel spreadsheet. If you do not have the export module enabled, contact the support team. By applying, for example, a column chart on the above results we get the following display: AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 28 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 09) One of the features of the S21 is that every presented result has its visual correspondence, it was already seen in the Basic Filters. It is possible to visualize the grains that are part of the percentage index found. To view the grains in the Advanced Filters, you must click on the branches of the tree. In this example below, we apply in the Basmati rice sample the advanced filter "Histogram - Length White" to know the percentage of grains per length range. If we want to visualize the grains (1.07%) that are in the range 5.50mm to 5.75mm we should go to the branch of the tree that corresponds to this result and click on the branch. 10) The grains will be showed Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 29 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 11) To return to the tree of results click the item "Filter Tree" of the "Advanced Filters" menu. Sorting Access to the S21 Reports 01) When we apply a filter in a processed sample, we have the option to save the report with the results. To access saved reports click «View». 02) A new window will open. Through this window the user can search and open all the reports of saved results. There is no saved report. Try saving a result to be able to access it when you find it necessary. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 30 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Trash The S21 has a feature called the Trash, which allows elimination of undesirable particles from the sample already scanned. It is usually used to remove impurities. Importantly, the samples must be clean before being scanned, samples with impurities or bran will impair the results. 01) To proceed with the demonstration of the "Trash" feature, list the pre-scanned samples and choose the sample "Long White Thin - Only Whole". 1 2 4 3 02) Then, to access the "Trash", click on the item "Trash" of the "Image" menu. Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 31 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Besides impurities, we can eliminate unwanted grains, as it will showed in this example. Before proceeding with this example, it is important to note that in a sample, besides the broken grains, there are two classes of whole grains: a) Perfect Whole Grains - grains that after the hulling and polishing remains perfect, with no broken parts. Is also excluded from the perfect whole grain class the smallest grains, poorly formed due to external factors, such as lack of nutrients, moisture, light, etc. b) Whole Grains - are grains that are larger or equal to 3/4 of its total. Even if they are clipped will be considered whole. In most countries there are regulations that define the measures of integers, 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4 for each class of grain (long, medium, short). Later we will discuss how these classes work in the S21. As we already have seen earlier in the guide, the S21 show us the sample divided into 4 size groups: whole, 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4. The objective of this analysis is to know what is the average length of the Perfect Whole Grains present in the sample 'Long White Thin - Only Whole'. We should then eliminate from the sample by dragging to the trash, the whole grains that are not perfect. For this we use the "Trash" feature combined with the "Sorting" feature. In this sample, the screen of "Trash" shows the number of valid grains (1322) and grains in the trash (0). 03) Click the item 'Height' of the 'Sorting' menu. Sorting The goal is to sort the beans in descending order by length. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 32 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 04) After sorting by length, scroll to the bottom of the screen. Note that there are broken and clipped grains. Sorting Descending order per length What Can Be Dragged to "Trash". Peels: Bonded Grains in Heigth: Use «Sorting» by «Height»: Grains in shell: Poorly polished Grains: Bonded Grains in Width: Use «Sorting» by «Width»: Use «Sorting» by «Spoted»: Note: The sorting is always in descending order. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 33 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 05) Mark the broken, clipped and poorly formed grains and with the right button of the mouse pressed, drag and release to "Trash" .If have any questions how to mark the grains, see how to proceed in page 14. Sorting + + 06) The unwanted grains were to trash. Remain valid in the sample only the perfect whole grains. Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 34 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 07) Selecione o item «Apply filter» do Menu «Advanced filters». Sorting 08) Selecione o item «Histogram - Lenght White», em seguida clique em «Apply». AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 35 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 08) Click «View Report» Sorting 09) You can save the report. 10) The preview of the report will open. The result Average Length of Perfect Whole Grains is in the header section of the report. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 36 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer How to scan a sample. 1) Prepare a sample of polished rice with 40 to 100 grams. Clean the impurities and excess bran. 2) Open the S21 Classifier Software. 3) Enter your password. s21 **** 4) Choose the type of rice to be analyzed. 5) Make sure that the lamp is lit. 4) If the receiver of sample is in the open position, put it in the closed position. To close, rotate the receiver clockwise and down. To open, lift the receiver and rotate it counterclockwise Opened Closed AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 37 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 5) Dump the sample into the sample receiver. Do not forget to put the plastic cup at the end of the ramp. 7) Click «Capture» Closed 8) Enter the sample data. a) Source of the sample. The samples are grouped by source. The source list is editable. b) Sample Identification. This field is used to enter the identification of the sample. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 38 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer c) Weight of the sample. Enter "100" to get the percentage results or enter the real weight of the sample so that the S21 also shows the results on the reported weight. 9) Click «Confirm» to the S21 initiate capturing images. 10) Open the receiver. To open, lift the receiver and rotate it counterclockwise 11) Turn on the vibrator to the rice starts down the ramp. Opened 12) When all the rice of the sample finish dropping the ramp, click «Stop and Process». 13) Turn off the vibrator. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 39 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 14) At the end of processing, the screen of whole grains is showed to the user. The sample is saved! Now just choose a filter to complete the analysis. See how to access the filters on pages 10 (Basic Filters) and 23 (Advanced Filters). Sorting How to Access Processed Samples. All samples processed are saved in the database of the S21. To access them click «Processed Samples». To list them, inform the period and click «Load Samples». To search in the list, use the search field and click «Find». To open, select the desired sample, then click «View». AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 40 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Calibration and Fine Tuning The S21 is installed and delivered calibrated. The measurement is performed using reference samples with known values. There are two types of reference samples: A) Sample with known values of whiteness and chalk area percentage. B) Sample with known values of whole and Broken. Fine Tuning of Whiteness and Chalk First, lets give attention to the concept of adjustment of Whiteness and chalk. The S21 comes with one reference sample Whiteness and chalk. N o t e In principle, any samples already analyzed by the S21 can be a reference sample for calibration. When passing an old sample in the S21 it should present very similar values. Therefore, it is necessary to keep 1 reference sample to keep the S21 in the original calibration. The S21 is scheduled to ask the Fine-tuning every 60 samples or every 2 days. When prompted we proceed with Fine Tuning by a standard sample, with known values of whiteness and chalk area percentage. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 41 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer How to Run the Fine Tuning? 01) Clean the blue track and the white point attached on the left edge of the ramp. 02) Scan the Reference Sample. 03) Click «Fining Tuning» AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 42 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 04) Enter the values of the Total Whiteness Area and Total chalk area of the sample. 05) Click «Set» 06) The S21 will automatically adjust according to the reported values. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 43 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Concepts of w hiteness and Chalk in S21 Reference Sample: is a sample with the known results of Total Whiteness and Total Chalk Area. The standard sample has a prerequisite that it be a prepared Crystalline Rice and polished with a soft cloth so that it is free of dust stuck in its surface. This way we guarantee greater stability in its characteristics. Fine Tuning: Is the operability of the S21 that adjusts the reference of reading Whiteness and Chalk. This reference is measured with the processing of the standard sample. The program checks the result of Total Whiteness and Total Chalk Area obtained in processing of the sample and compares it with the "real" value informed of the Total Whiteness and Total Chalk Area of the Reference Sample, then proceeds adjusting the reading reference of Whiteness and Chalk for the result become closer to the "Real", keeping the system always calibrated. Reading Reference of Whiteness and chalk: Is the standard calibration reference that the S21 needs for that the results of chalk and color damage keep within a single standard reading. The S21 has a own pattern that comes along with the factory standard sample, delivered along with the S21. Shelf Life of the Standard Sample: The stored reference sample has a shelf life of 60 days, since stored properly, away from light, heat and humidity. After 60 days you can change their characteristics that will result in the loss of the reference values of Total Whiteness and Chalk Area. You should always keep some reference samples stored with an expiration date updated. Therefore, it is necessary to replace the old samples by new standard samples. (See the next topic) How to make new reference samples? 01) Reserve a portion of approximately 60g of prepared crystalline rice with minimum of chalky grains and white center. The sample must to be completely free of impurities. Clean with a soft cloth until it is polished. 60g of polished crystalline rice. Cleaned with a cloth. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 44 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 02) Run the Fine Tuning with an old reference sample: by this way we are sure that the system is calibrated. 03) Capture the new standard sample three times and write down the values of Total Whiteness and Total chalk Area. Take the average of the values and round it up. 04) Store the new standard sample with the rounded values of Total Whiteness and Chalk Area (write these values). Adjusting PPC Pixels Per Centimeter The parameter that defines the measure of the grain is called PPC (pixels per centimeter) which determines the relationship pixels per centimeter. This parameter can be changed (adjusted) by the user. The S21 gets the measure of length of the grain by the 2 pixels more distant from each other (diagonal) and the width by the 2 pixels more distant from each other, perpendicular to the length. The PPC value is calibrated by analyzing one sample with kown values of length and width. Each machine has its own value of "PPC". Once adjusted, it is no longer necessary adjustment. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 45 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Classification Setup. By processing the images of the grains captured by the scanner, The S21 software divides the grains of the sample in 4 groups of size: Whole, 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4. The result presented after processing is defined by the configuration we choose when the software starts. The user can create as many configurations as necessary. These settings are associated with the class of rice we want to analyze, for example, long, medium and short. Each configuration, besides the name, has three parameters to be informed: 1) Maximum height (mm): this value defines what is the maximum length to be considered as a grain in the sample. Grains (particles) that are above this value will not be considered in the analysis. For example, if the varieties of the rice class long thin does not exceed 8.5mm in length, we will use a value slightly above: 8.7mm. 2) Maximum width (mm): the same logic should be used for the width. If the varieties of the rice class long thin, do not exceed 2.4mm in length, we use a value slightly above, for example, 2.7mm. However, it is very common that in a sample of long thin rice has a quantity of merge of varieties, for example, medium grains, which are larger, measuring up till 3.0mm. It is possible, by filters, to look for the wider grains. In this case we must increment the value of width of 2.7mm to 3.0mm. 3) Reference Measure (mm): This parameter defines how will be the results of whole, 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4. Generally each country has its own rules that defines the measures to be adopted. In Brazil, for the rice class long thin, the grain is considered "whole" the one that is greater than or equal to 4.5mm long, which corresponds to a value of 3/4 of Reference Measure. See the diagram on the next page. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 46 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer How the S21 Divides the Sample Into whole, 3/4, 1/2 and 1/4? In this example with the value of 6.0mm of Measure Reference, we will have: Will be considered whole grains those who possess length greater or equal to 4.5mm, that corresponds to the value of 3/4 of 6.0mm. Wholes Kernels 3/4 4.5 mm Reference Measure 6.0 mm Will be considered 3/4 those grains who possess length greater or equal to 3.0mm and less than 1.5mm long. 3/4 Kernels 1/2 3.0 mm 1/2 Kernels 1/4 1.5 mm 1/4 Kernels Will be considered 1/2 those grains who possess length greater or equal to 1.5mm and less than 3.0mm long. Will be considered 1/4 those grains who posses length less than 1.5mm long. How to Adjust the PPC? 01) Prepare a reference sample with approximately 50 grams, 90% whole and 10% broken. The broken ones should be large, coarse. Attention! This sample should be checked manually with a caliper. 02) Open the Classifier S21 software and choose the configuration according to the class of rice from the reference sample. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 47 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 03) Ensure that the value of the Reference Measure of the chosen configuration is correct. When in doubt, read the table of pages 46 and 47 about it. The value must conform to the criteria used in the reference sample. 04) Scan the Reference Sample and Process it. 05) After processing, see the percentage results of whole grains. This value should be close to the real result, the difference should not exceed 2%. If the difference is greater, check if the value of Reference Measure is correct, or contact our technical support. Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 48 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer 06) In case it shows a greater difference than 0.5% with the actual value, we have to adjust the PPC. Close the window of grains, and in the main window, click on «Fine Tuning» Sorting 07) In the "Fine Tuning" window you can find the value of the PPC in the last field at right. If necessary reduce the percentage result of whole grains, increase the PPC in 2-3 points.To increase the percentage of whole grains you must decrease the value of PPC. After changing click "Save PPC". Close the "Fine Tuning". 08) In the main window, click «Process» to reprocess the sample with the new value of PPC. 09) After processing, check out the new percentage result of whole grains. If more adjustment is necessary in PPC, repeat steps 03-06 until it is calibrated. Sorting AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 49 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Repeatability of Results The biggest feature that attests the quality of the S21 system is its high index of repeatability of results with very low statistical deviation. This means that if we use the S21 to scan the same sample, several times, the results are practically the same. Note in the following assays, the amount of grain varies within the same sample, but the results hardly vary. This is due to the processing core of the S21 be statistical. The following assays were performed on 5 samples (Sample 001, Sample 002, Sample 003, Sample 004, Sample 005) and analyzed 3 times (a, b, c). Sample Amostra 001 Amostra 001 Amostra 001 Amostra 002 Amostra 002 Amostra 002 Amostra 003 Amostra 003 Amostra 003 Amostra 004 Amostra 004 Amostra 004 Amostra 005 Amostra 005 Amostra 005 Sample Amostra 001 Amostra 001 Amostra 001 Amostra 002 Amostra 002 Amostra 002 Amostra 003 Amostra 003 Amostra 003 Amostra 004 Amostra 004 Amostra 004 Amostra 005 Amostra 005 Amostra 005 a b c a b c a b c a b c a b c a b c a b c a b c a b c a b c I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 I.N.12 - Filter V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 V01 - Date Avg Lenght Avg W idth 11-ago-10 6,90 2,01 11-ago-10 6,90 2,01 11-ago-10 6,89 2,01 11-ago-10 6,56 2,02 11-ago-10 6,55 2,03 11-ago-10 6,58 2,02 11-ago-10 6,88 2,01 11-ago-10 6,87 2,00 11-ago-10 6,87 2,00 11-ago-10 6,85 2,01 11-ago-10 6,87 2,02 11-ago-10 6,85 2,01 11-ago-10 6,42 1,99 11-ago-10 6,36 2,00 11-ago-10 6,39 1,99 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 BB50 Whole Head Rice 98,00 97,57 98,12 97,63 97,98 97,22 87,20 48,42 87,45 49,18 86,91 49,00 97,81 97,81 97,62 97,59 97,61 97,29 97,65 93,62 97,63 92,82 97,79 93,12 88,82 88,02 89,23 88,21 88,70 86,95 L/W W hit S21 W hit Vitreous Qt Kernerls 3,43 133,63 124,51 1971 3,43 133,45 124,36 1910 3,43 133,78 124,52 2071 3,24 150,99 119,82 2664 3,23 150,15 119,69 2643 3,25 150,08 119,66 2610 3,43 132,59 124,33 1915 3,44 132,69 124,53 1869 3,44 133,08 124,64 1953 3,41 133,82 124,22 1909 3,41 133,90 124,16 1674 3,40 134,02 124,12 1564 3,22 135,44 125,96 2140 3,18 135,12 125,69 2123 3,21 134,54 125,46 2128 Broken Color Damage Darkened Partial Chalky 1,95 0,05 0,00 0,34 1,84 0,00 0,00 0,49 1,99 0,07 0,00 0,61 11,11 0,85 0,00 35,81 11,13 0,93 0,02 34,71 11,30 0,81 0,00 34,61 1,85 0,04 0,00 0,20 2,08 0,04 0,00 0,16 2,14 0,00 0,00 0,22 2,24 1,92 0,00 0,98 2,25 2,10 0,13 1,05 2,19 2,04 0,14 1,25 11,18 0,04 0,00 0,72 10,77 0,00 0,00 0,90 11,30 0,00 0,00 1,39 Chalky Stained Other Varieties 0,04 0,05 0,00 0,00 0,04 0,00 0,00 0,05 0,06 1,91 0,97 0,92 2,14 1,14 0,76 2,29 1,30 0,71 0,04 0,06 0,00 0,00 0,11 0,00 0,04 0,00 0,31 0,35 0,81 0,08 0,37 0,72 0,56 0,22 0,53 0,51 0,00 0,04 0,00 0,00 0,04 0,08 0,00 0,08 0,28 Repetibilidade de Resultados Fonte: Pirahy Alimentos - Rua Cel. Tristão de Araújo Nóbrega, 1530 - São Borja - RS - Brazil - http://www.pratofino.com.br/ AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 50 TKD Tecnologia rice statistical analyzer Frequently Asked Questions What is the amount of rice required that the S21 needs in order to do analysis Due to the process be statistical, the S21 requires approximately 1,200 grains (particles) or more, for results to stabilize with minimal statistical deviation. In weight, the amount should be between 30-100 grams depending on the size of the grains to be analyzed. How do I keep the S21 calibrated? Passing a reference sample with known values, that is, a sample already analyzed by the S21. The system adjusts itself from these values. See page 41. When passing an old sample, the S21 should shows practically the same results. The percentage results in the S21 are not in weight? Yes, the S21 calculates the percentage weight by a projection of the grain volume x format x density conform the transparency of the grain. This calculation is very accurate. What is the durability of LED lighting? According to our supplier, the LED has a lifespan of 70.000 hours. How much disk space is occupied by one analysis? Approximately 10-15 MB, including data and storing images of each sample. What is the average time that the S21 uses to analyze one sample? To a sample of 70g, about 2 minutes. The analysis is done in four steps: Scan the sample / Process images / Apply the filter / View the report. Can I combine, in the S21, the numerical digital analysis with the visual analysis? Yes, through the feature: Sorting + Drag and Drop Grains. See in the page 14. What is the difference by the digital image analysis (numerical) of visual analysis (sensory)? The analise system by digital image was developed with the aim to simulate the industrial classification process that sorts and separates the rice by size, by area of chalk, by color damage and whiteness. The industrial classification does not put people to sort and separate the rice, the classification is done by equipment that analyze the flow until the end, by a simple, quick and objective way. The type of analysis done by the S21 is somewhat analogous to industrial classification process. The best way to calibrate the industry and determine the industrial yield of raw material that enters the industry is by digital analysis (numerical). Sensory analysis is more subjective, it has a greater variation of results against digital numerical analysis, it is also more time consuming. However, the sensory analysis can reach more complex results often needed to evaluate the rice. AGROMAY SOLUCIONES TECNICAS, S.L. C/. Los Yebenes, 71. 28047. Madrid. SPAIN Tel: +34 91 5099900 Email: [email protected] www.agromay.com pg. 51
