Hypercholesterolemia is a chronic disease and you maybe didn’t know it Marina Allepuz, Pablo Hermoso, Julia de Miguel and Raquel Marín Hypercholesterolemia is the presence of cholesterol (above recommended levels) in the blood. The normal range of blood cholesterol 200 mg/dl (total cholesterol) and LDL cholesterol below 130mg/dl. It is diagnose in a blood test called lipidogram or lipid profile. In this analysis are observed levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. (1) PREVENTION (3) ETIOLOGY (2) MANIFESTATIONS: In general, this disease has no symptoms until a cardiovascular disorder appears (myocardial infarction, angina, etc ...). Sometimes cholesterol deposits under the skin and tendons; They are called xanthomas (interdigital areas of the hands, knees and elbows), or xanthelasmas (around the eyelids). (5) (4) EPIDEMIOLOGY (7) TREATMENT (6) PHARMACOTHERAPY -Statins: reduces cholesterol levels in the liver. (examples: simvastatin, atorvastatin). -Exetimibe: reduces absorption of colesterol in the intestine. (ex: absorcol, azibe). -Fibrates: reduce los niveles de triglicéridos. (ex: fenofibrato). -Resins: promotes elimination of bile, with rich amount of cholesterol. (ex: resincolestiramina). NON-SURGICAL TREATMENT SPAIN (2014) Total women Total men TOTAL -Only when there are cardiovascular complications. -Placement of prostheses inside the arteries to release an arterial obstruction. -Aphaeresis: for people suffering from severe cholesterol diseases. It is a technique in which the blood components are separated and manipulated depending on the pathology that is treated. Then, the blood is returned to the patient. REFERENCES: 1.-CuidatePlus. ¿Qué es la hipercolesterolemia?. 27th may 2002. Last consulted: 30th november 2019. Available in: https://cuidateplus.marca.com/enfermedades/digestivas/2002/05/27/que-hipercolesterolemia-6802.html -Sociedad Española de Medicina Interna. Hipercolesterolemia. Spain. Last consulted: 30th november 2019. Available in: https://www.fesemi.org/informacionpacientes/conozca-mejor-su-enfermedad/hipercolesterolemia -Mayo Clinic. Nivel alto de colesterol. 13th july 2019. Last consulted: 3rd december 2019. Available in: https://www.mayoclinic.org/es-es/diseases-conditions/high-bloodcholesterol/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350806 2.-Sanitas. Hipercolesterolemia. Spain. Last consulted: 1st december 2019. Available in: https://www.sanitas.es/sanitas/seguros/es/particulares/biblioteca-desalud/prevencion-salud/hipercolesterolemia-que-es/index.html 3.-Consejos para evitar la colesterolemia. Madrid. Sanitas. Last consulted: 3rd december 2019. Available in: https://www.sanitas.es/sanitas/seguros/es/particulares/biblioteca-de-salud/prevencion-salud/hipercolesterolemia/index.html 4.-Amor Fernández, Antonio J; Zambón Rados, Daniel; Ortega, Emilio; Yago Esteban, Gemma; Moize, Violeta. Causas de la hipercoles terolemia. Clínic Barcelona. 2nd october 2018. Last consulted: 30th november 2019. Available in: https://www.clinicbarcelona.org/asistencia/enfermedades/hipercolesterolemia/causas-y-factores-deriesgo#Feedback 5.-Hernández Benito, Estefanía. Hipercolesterolemia. Webconsultas. 19th september 2019. Last consulted: 2nd december 2019. Available in: https://www.webconsultas.com/salud-al-dia/hipercolesterolemia/sintomas-de-la-hipercolesterolemia. Image source: https://enfermedadesdelapiel.info/enfermedades/xantelasma/ 6.- Amor Fernández, Antonio J; Zambón Rados, Daniel; Ortega, Emilio; Yago Esteban, Gemma; Moize, Violeta. Tratamiento de la hipercolesterolemia. Clínic Barcelona. 2nd october 2018. Last consulted: 2nd december2019. Available in: https://www.clinicbarcelona.org/asistencia/enfermedades/hipercolesterolemia/tratamiento -Sarode, Ravindra. Therapeutic Apheresis. MSD MANUAL Professional Version. Texas. November 2018. Last consulted: 2nd december 2019. Available in: https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/hematology-and-oncology/transfusion-medicine/therapeutic-apheresis -Vademecum. Madrid (Spain). Vidal Vademecum. Last consulted: 3rd december 2019. Available in: https://www.vademecum.es/ 7.- Urtaran Laresgoiti, Maider; Nuño Solinís, Roberto y el Grupo de Expertos colaborador. Hipercolesterolemia: Una llamada a la acción. Deusto Business School Health. Bilbao (Spain). November 2017. Last consulted: 4th december 2019. Available in: https://dbs.deusto.es/cs/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobheadername1=Expires&blobheadername2=content-type&blobheadername3=MDTType&blobheadername4=ContentDisposition&blobheadervalue1=Thu%2C+10+Dec+2020+16%3A00%3A00+GMT&blobheadervalue2=application%2Fpdf&blobheadervalue3=abinary% 3Bcharset%3DUTF8&blobheadervalue4=inline%3Bfilename%3D%22EnHCol_+Una+llamada+a+la+Acci%C3%B3n_+15012018.pdf%22&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=134444593 2372&ssbinary=true PATIENTS 5.855 5.699 11.554 Chol>200 mg/dl 52,5 (0,8) 48,4 (0,8) 50,5 (0’8) Chol>240 mg/dl 23,1 (0,7) 20,6 (0,7) 21,9 (0,4)
