Salud Reproductiva y VIH Encuesta

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Esta publicación fue producida por el Proyecto de Curso de Vida Saludable de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud/Organización Mundial de la Salud, bajo la dirección de la Dra. Ma-­
tilde Maddaleno. Se realizó con el apoyo de la Agencia Española de Cooperación Internacio-­
nal (AECI). La versión electrónica del Informe Regional está disponible en la página web de la Unidad y se puede acceder a través de www.paho.org. Para información adicional del informe ¿QDOGHSDtVHQ*XDWHPDODe-­[email protected]­oms.org Coordinadoras
Marta Elena Casaús Arzú
Alejandra Hurtado de Mendoza
Cristina Torres
Investigadora principal Guatemala
Regina Fuentes Oliva
Investigadores de campo
Olivia Santiago Ceto
Alba Judith Cap
Jaime de León de León
Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social de Guatemala, Departamento de Regulación de los Programas de Atención a las Personas
Representación OPS/OMS Guatemala
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Créditos fotografías de portada:
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‡ Equipo COMUNICARES
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Diseño y diagramación:
‡ Alejandro Alvarez Ordóñez, IGRAFIX STUDIO, DOHMDQGUR#LJUD¿[VWXGLRFRP
Tabla de contenidos
Resumen ejecutivo ....................................................................................................... 1 I Algunos datos socio-­económicos de Guatemala........................................................ 5
II Situación de salud ..................................................................................................... 7
III Cultura, sexualidad, género y VIH .......................................................................... 13
IV Salud sexual y reproductiva, VIH y sida en pueblos indígenas ............................. 19
V Metodología de trabajo ........................................................................................... 23
VI Principales hallazgos ............................................................................................. 27
VII Conclusiones ......................................................................................................... 57
Siglas utilizadas .......................................................................................................... 63
5HIHUHQFLDVELEOLRJUi¿FDV .......................................................................................... 65
Anexos ........................................................................................................................ 71
‡'DWRVVRFLRHFRQyPLFRV .............................................................................. 71
‡5HWUDWRVGHODVHQWUHYLVWDVHKLVWRULDVGHYLGDPiVUHOHYDQWHV .................. 80
‡(QWUHYLVWDD$MNLM .......................................................................................... 96
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Casos notificados VIH y Sida segun departamento de residencia y sexo
Guatemala enero 1984 - octubre 2009
Femenino
Masculino
Sin dato
Total
Departamento de
Gran
Sin
Sin
Sin
Sin
Tasa
residencia
Sida VIH
Total Sida VIH
Total Sida VIH
Total Sida VIH
total
dato
dato
dato
dato
193
255
507
277
1302
145
371
335
52
78
105
59
71
52
58
132
56
22
36
27
58
45
4
108
4348
Retalhuleu
Izabal
Escuintla
Suchitepequez
Guatemala
Peten
San Marcos
Quetzaltenango
El Progreso
Zacapa
Sacatepequez
Santa Rosa
Jutiapa
Chiquimula
Baja Verápaz
Alta Verápaz
Chimaltenango
Jalapa
sololá
Totonicapan
El Quiché
Huehuetenango
Extranjero
Sin dato
Total
244
353
365
124
859
203
339
232
48
28
29
39
71
36
24
77
42
19
20
14
35
17
16
44
3278
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
1
0
0
0
0
9
437
608
872
401
2161
348
710
567
100
106
134
100
142
88
82
209
98
47
56
42
93
62
20
152
7635
463
478
982
680
3219
251
862
681
99
161
180
165
212
152
78
212
125
69
74
74
116
75
13
302
9723
249
332
246
101
923
182
341
187
35
40
34
57
52
33
22
70
29
13
15
16
33
22
5
53
3090
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
2
0
0
1
0
8
1
0
0
0
0
1
18
712
810
1228
781
4142
433
1203
868
134
201
214
227
266
185
100
283
154
90
90
90
149
97
18
356
12831
0
0
1
0
4
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
10
1
0
0
0
4
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
12
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
8
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
22
656
733
1490
957
4525
396
1233
1016
151
239
285
224
283
204
136
344
181
91
110
101
174
120
17
415
14081
494 0
685 0
611 0
225 0
1786 0
385 0
681 0
419 0
83
0
68
0
63
0
96
7
123 2
69
0
46
0
147 1
71
0
32 14
35
1
30
1
68
0
39
0
21
0
103 1
6380 27
1150
1418
2101
1182
6311
781
1914
1435
234
307
348
327
408
273
182
492
252
137
146
132
242
159
38
519
20488
427.52
382.69
344.24
292.85
280.97
251.93
242.24
230.13
198.40
175.98
172.07
112.14
105.38
99.60
88.57
73.34
65.31
64.67
53.22
39.56
37.12
19.48
204.66
Fuente: Base sida, CNE
)XHQWH*DUFtD-XGLWK(VWDGtVWLFDVGHFDVRVDFXPXODGRVQRWL¿FDGRV9,+\VLGD(QHURRFWXEUH
12="4"4-='4"2';P'e'4"'2-#'5Q")*54-#'#-&'L-%F="#>'#+*$5)+7&'R$"'"#*V')5%F+5&4-'A5'R$"'"&'2-#'d2*+%-#'5[-#'#"'
E"=)+F"'$&5'*"&4"&)+5'L5)+5'25'Q"%+&+M5)+7&'4"'25'"E+4"%+5.'U5'E=+&)+E52',G5'4"'*=5&#%+#+7&'"#'#"?$52'SHD.H'eT>'
OHVLJXHODWUDQVPLVLyQPDGUHKLMRFRQXQ(VGHGHVWDFDUTXHHQORVJUXSRVGHHGDGGHDHQGRQGH
"&)-&*=5%-#'5'2-#'54-2"#)"&*"#'A'(7,"&"#>'25'*5#5'4"'%5#)$2+&+454'"#'25'%V#'F5(5'4"'*-4-#'2-#'3=$E-#'"*5=+-#'R$"'
)-&*=5"&'"2',+=$#'E-='*=5&#%+#+7&'#"?$52>'=","25&4-'$&5'Q"%+&+M5)+7&'4"'25'"E+4"%+5'E5=5'54-2"#)"&*"#'A'(7,"&"#.
&DVRV9,+\VLGDVHJ~QTXLQTXHQLRGHQRWLÀFDFLyQ\VH[RGHDRFW
Guatemala, 1984 a octubre 2009
Femeninos
Quinquenio
1984-1988
1989-1993
1994-1998
1999-2003
2004-2009
Sin dato
Total
Masculinos
Sin clasificar sexo
Sin
Sida VIH Sin dato Total Sida VIH
Total Sida VIH Total
dato
6
1
72
1
443
37
1349 312
2477 2925
1
2
4348 3278
0
0
0
0
7
2
9
7
73
480
1661
5409
5
7635
43
0
341
12
1412 64
2957 353
4969 2658
1
3
9723 3090
0
0
0
0
17
1
18
43
353
1476
3310
7644
5
12831
0
0
0
10
0
0
10
0
0
4
3
0
4
12
0
0
4
13
0
4
22
Totales
Sida VIH Sin dato Total
49
1
413
13
1855 105
4316 668
7446 5583
2
9
14081 6380
0
0
0
0
24
3
27
50
426
1960
4984
13053
14
20488
%
0.24
2.08
9.57
24.33
63.71
0.07
100
Fuente: base Sida, CNE
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(QODGLVWULEXFLyQJHRJUi¿FDKD\XQFUHFLPLHQWRSDXODWLQR$SUR[LPDGDPHQWHHOGHOWHUULWRULRQDFLRQDOFRQ6
)"&*=5')"=)5'4"2';9'e'4"')5#-#.'U5#'*5#5#'%V#'52*5#'4"')5#-#'="E-=*54-#'#"')-&)"&*=5&'"&'2-#'4"E5=*5%"&*-#'
/D' 85=)G5.'(VWDGtVWLFDVGHFDVRVDFXPXODGRVQRWL¿FDGRV9,+\VLGD(QHURRFWXEUH
10
,QIRUPH¿QDOGH*XDWHPDOD
GH5HWDOKXOHX,]DEDO(VFXLQWOD4XHW]DOWHQDQJR6XFKLWHSpTXH]\*XDWHPDOD/X'K-='#$'E5=*"'2-#'4"E5=*5%"&*-#'
FRQODVWDVDVPiVEDMDVVRQ+XHKXHWHQDQJR(O4XLFKp$OWD9HUDSD]\7RWRQLFDSiQ(VWRSRGUtDGHEHUVHDXQD
,+45')-%$&+*5=+5'%V#'*=54+)+-&52'A'2-#')5#-#'="E-=*54-#'#"'5#-)+5&'5'%+3=5)+7&'*"%E-=52'+&*"=&5'5'M-&5#'4"'52*5'
SURGXFWLYLGDGSHURWDPELpQSRGUtDHVWDUDVRFLDGRDXQDFFHVRGH¿FLHQWHDORVVHUYLFLRVGHVDOXG
$MXLFLRGHOLQIRUPHGHO3URJUDPDGH9,+\VLGDGHO%DQFR0XQGLDOUHDOL]DGRHQ³H[LVWHXQDPD\RUFRQFHQ6
WUDFLyQHQORVGHSDUWDPHQWRV\FLXGDGHVGHPD\RUDFWLYLGDGSURGXFWLYDHVSHFt¿FDPHQWHHQODFRVWDVXUHQODUXWD
R$"')-&4$)"'5'25')+$454'8$5*"%525.'U5'="3+7&'=")+F"'*5%F+@&>'"&')+"=*5#'@E-)5#'4"2'5[->'3=5&4"#')-&*+&3"&*"#'
L$%5&-#'R$"'22"35&'E5=5'*=5F5(5='"&'25')-#")L5'4"')5[5'A')5Q@.'14"%V#'SiT'%+3=5&*"#'E=-,"&+"&*"#'4"'-*=-#'
SDtVHV«UXPERD0p[LFR\(VWDGRV8QLGRV´/9$
Mapa de tasa de VIH por 100.000 habitantes por distribución
geográfica
Guatemala, 1984-octubre 2009
Tasas por 100.000 hab.
0 – 67,32
67,33 – 142,10
142,11 – 249.51
249,52 – 427,51
Fuente: CNE, 2009
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6HJ~QHOLQIRUPHUHDOL]DGRSRUHO%DQFR0XQGLDO\FLWDGRDUULEDVHFRQVLGHUDTXHORVVHFWRUHVPiVYXOQHUDEOHVD
25'"&Q"=%"454'#-&'L-%F="#'R$"'*+"&"&'#"?-')-&'L-%F="#'jC:C6'A'%$("="#'*=5F5(54-=5#'4"2'#"?-'jIW:6'E-=R$"'
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4"'2+F"=*54'"#')-&#+4"=54-'4"'52*-'=+"#3-.
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)="5)+7&'4"'$&'%5=)-'($=G4+)-'R$"'E"=%+*5'+%E2"%"&*5='2-#'%")5&+#%-#'&")"#5=+-#'E5=5'25'"4$)5)+7&>'E=","&)+7&>'
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11
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