~~J~,.~ ' Gl,:I1~§Jt ~ T lt()r.t -!l].i~L. , Y: .~~, U · ' . ~ t~r~l,~.jLUJ£~;li? ;t ,j\ . ~3 0J.]ltl~ RODOLf0 LAN} OURM. :! lAst :l t,ut o ' Interafll(;:r;i..'c ano de C.;l~~n ~ i ~s 1\gr'i c o;la s Tui"1',i n +'b,a ~ Oo sta Hi ct1/. , lt~eu~ll ill10 de,1~2~.· iU.. ZO$~Il ~~1pJi~iQ3 t\~ro ... n6m1cQ~'$n ,lalti3QuillaNaclonald~ Agf1~Ul ttU"~­ d~3 £.llU l?nj.s. A tines de 1945iuet:;om;1$1,onadb porla ,5~~rttt8.dtade -Asrlettltura $HtraQotltlm;u~r SI.JH t'ls~m oJ.o-$~€m el Xn~tlt.'UtoI¥Jt~ramer~eanoQf; Cl~ncias4~,gl'flC01~~$ de Tlu'r 1alb~(f COl$ta !,lc;Eh ~;ti 1~46.... 47~ fu$ err'!"u:!o 'POi" ~l ttlism~ J:n$t'~tut;o a lE)B:Hepil!)litHl~J de Chile y lH'''g~-~nt.in~ el oomple .... tnr ~'Jtl31~tKiiow~ de f,Jtapeo:hil1zacalr.l en, vlt1tHJ:U,Ui\ii0 6 _ - A~,r.adfH,a~O pl"~tt:!ndafE!ant~ al Dr. Ralpb H. Al1~fb. l)il"$~'()r ~~lXnmt!tut.Qli<\ter'liOAm~#.c@:nQ 4~ 04en~1a$ Agrl~ col~~.$uamp:t"a tHl:).aborsel'n $n~l~UrsQ deil!t1$ ~$\ud1~s, 1Q mlmno que p¢lr i;l ~mp~iio qU$S$ tom' para, q. tU~f'a " G'bl1~ a Qompl$\arm~$conQc1mlerAto$ .f.,\ . SDb$"@ V:,i.iieul"t,lJirlle ,. , De~eo tit~b1an $~p.l'"eseu'" ml r£,l~enQ~1~10nt() alS~. J'oSIll}Jlh L.Fe.n~~ll.'Hort;.icul tGrd~l ~pQrtQc$ent.o it$' F1 to"" t$~~lftJ p'ot'la.tle~~ ay~(1a '1aupW'vlg1.J.$n~la'qU$~e pro~ 'porCl0no j)ara Il1s Xne .. J\gf'. pOl" $U 11ev~r i& f~lla' i,,.m~no ee~ett"si)~Jo. slnceres $griH:l~cimi~nto$$ 'para~s selot'$l$ Hrr;te~l'toll. C~ssW'!U:1J Ol~..rleulto:rd.~1.Ift$t.itfJtcf vcal!@sa QQ6'p~~aci~n y ~. ~~nu@l :mlgU~taG.J~t~ Q~l Pap~rtam~nto de O~n~tlca ;yli"ttot~cnia ael !U.~l'~terj,(» de Asr1qul tura .de OhU$" 6tatiudlo$ $Jl POl"' el lf~t~ri$ quetom$ P~i1lqtl~ mi$ , ~tiI~ 'pal$ti~ efeeJtueU'''~U'1 eon la meJcr et101etMll~:h i\gr~dtli!lc()~l de Or lent.~()iS~. Dr. ll1:bert O. RhQad pO;r> ~us 1de&$ C]",IMi> ~lJ\OF:r Cllt, '~~t;nj ':UUPl, LlJl;:NCIll ' ;l\,};[}lRE ctiL~lVO b~LA VIp .. I ... 'J} ,,' ". -. &' iI!r ... '. .. . . . y ,d61 'st:lHlu del~lnt!~U'~U. ~~~ce,M;tq&l~~~ls,Cl;ui'lat :u::as • .. !~g; te liilfu~d~~ ~;fi~0.t:l.~t4~'Jlde ~u~~lo d,e l{JS \t~.de€:~ imler1c~n@.$l '", ~J:,"l I> ,. .l?~f~" a k'e~. 13 • .. • • " '(,dr~",,~(la~ P~:Jr:~fiI' ,".,10l' .w .1·i'~~V__ it-\; Jy ...,.; IIJi«LUEb1CIi:~ ht""",' '~n" "t, ,'," ~"' ,. .. . ." I,lLUVUtL Y Li\ VlD' . . . .. lW;"Lu;mW~i~ " ~)Of).nb &'hVIJ) . ," <t, " • .. .. '. J:IU;l.LUHHOIAf ])1';!,i CLIMiki30!1H!SUEW Y1./-; •• V:n:f.. ..' I> I> . .. . .. .. .. .. . . .. LJO~§lJon'l~ilt~iIl~:Nl;rOPE VXDEi~ .~.E ·tn"l~RJ~$ . ~~J;;:KUi'Li\]X)2 i3tll~1]lJi ., . X~~I,.!'HQk' XCo ~ .11 .. • '. ol: • .. .. • . .. . .. • • • • .. • , • • .- . ,., CI'l'A$JA .~ .~ l' ol ~ 1& I. ~i b;~~ • 1ft 1~8f~ aa • L()~ ~Qh~~jJ\.osy oplnl'on~H~~J€pt'0$$dO$ $nl~pr~~~ntl$ t~u:lle $* b~nb{.u~adQ .~.~~ 'an~Y¢trpa~t.et ~n 1~$inv$at1Iat~Qn~i& qtl~paf'~ en~r.mil.f'iar ~nt1p'O d~ uv~ 8,(:iaptabl$ al Tr".vlco ~ 1Se V!$,n~l~ rf!Ht,l1~ando @n$l'Instciittlto '~nt~fam~tlQano ·itl(t·C!~~(.;j"a• .AsrlcoJ.as d~$ds *1 ~!io '·1943.'· por' el ~~ya dlr~Q'e;l$n·e$t~.\rlZlbaJo·$e ., . ' , . " "........... . ' .' llevoa .. ' (.u~bo. .... , : .•,a 1:\ t~,r\fi tu!".asQbre1a.mat~t' liaQo ntr tbtQtO el'ilt~t'lQ . (i~l aU'torpara j~:n~~,.Y~pr~(ti~ tod¢}$ 11;j$t•. ~t.~r~~ qua $9 dt$gutG~. 11 prf$$ent~ttfabaiJo$~ ha(\lt$~tuadOeil'~l :l~H$t,ii;.~~ :tn[t.~rtuJJ~r'lcanOd$ O~~.nelas Aitrf~~1aiJ*: aioui'll ·.~~nt\le~t~~,$t 'Blt~t!o'~hel valle' de, rUt'l~lalb~~n laSZQtJa At-l,'nt..1~~~~ .CQ$tanl~a.aunaait.ura aI;lrO~~mtlda' d~ 2ooo pl $$ n~".ldel~t'. (ton c< $01)"(1 ~:t 1.t~. c:U,met ' tlple~delasf'a$lQll~$~~!oOl~$ \. '.rop1Qal~s b6m$da~l tl~ne' 'Un~ pro¥n$dl0 d~pt'~c".pttia41l1&~· ! p.luvlal deG~rce ~$J;OO pulg~da3t bl~n d1str!UH,~li;ia~iI pe,f'~ ' . . . . . con&l.sunoIJp~r!odos ~~<l'QS" qut .BetlllU"alij<lent$ ~4)n d~,e~$r9 ~ mt.V'~.. 6t?' Lat.$mperatura ~ed..t~ 1 a(f>,f!. " N~~t6 ·t;€iog!.. e$ Jl$ t:PF. y tlu~tu.~utr~ 't1~am~il't.$ ~$t" i{;c~lt'lI~d~ . :'~l~:t~t.it~f1i . . y afj~ e-' 3,QngltuaQe$t~ d$lM~U~~dl~rl() d&Or$~~wl()h. S«$ e!'r~lend~ por Tf'QplcQ. la ZQfH;!I~Olr"tj.~. .en\e ~or.t'~n~lda ~ntr'G 2~ Wit ~.N. 1'?/fl~ fj/P L. s. 4elEf~a~~~. 'Tr4plc~ ~e C~~o$r y f~Qp1CQ de aa~r1~o~nl~). Ahof'a r~la vld G~l@$t~ , ~'~:r-El\:t:'hn~$ , . ~11~a \J"ople~l p!t~ \e'31$$lbablar dfil .. .:,i1 a aq ~:i$len ·~l ~u~l lafj$ .l!c1~s$11ve~.... tr~i:! (l~ 13$ ,tl~rt'aB 'tHL\J.ail ¢lil1~t'!tl$s.(i;ompr~n~U.d(\u~ent.t'i$$1· f.r~)lcQ ~•.aan~e1"'y Oa:pr1~"H)r~lQ p~d,e~o:re.a$r t;'lvt)r~bl.,"", ~~)rx·tlill·~; ·;En$~t~: :&cma ,la$ V$d~$ ·4~ ~llil~,st~m:pl~nt(:)&'nop'U~d~h ~r~oer, debld,t> a,1~U1Q{H:1d1c:L~Ul$$~).im't.le~$.'~tlt<r~,a:ljlJn$fj dc$ . ~$tafA:~{}niii~iQ~~&$$~:p~a~~n~numet'at'por tf. d* trlt)p£~.r(ft $lptlr!.ddt}fl$ d~eat\tiao '/1 ~tropo·s.l1;)),e~nt_ 1£~ :lQn~ltU{1d_l ~!a. : ~ . - lLa.1J11d'$$$11:v ~a"r$$ d~ 11~aar.~, ,t1$a~rr~ll'arlll~ bl$o ha{:lt~ " maya$' a I~ta: lE!l~',&$, ·d$Sf~,~r~ibl~. ' :'E$to,v~:r£a t~~per\t\ t'Ul"~ •. , . ~ ~al~%in'esd,t) '1a ,zt)na,~Q~r~l'H11d~ ·'~ntt·e $1' 'l~rfZpl@~ "~'" S~~~'j~ y,el·>de . Qapri<;ornio ·'pueden .~r$~~r ·ha.sta. '\mtt 1.~tltu~4~· apro:d.ma&l~!\iltite bab,1~ndo ,dt!~H.1e lUfta¢)al~u~a~ .it~ll"''',a~.$.c'if!~~•• '1~t1 ~:d,~ . , d~dfHif.MU1$() nca'$intet'10f' ~6fjf):F.yla , du:r~;u~~.e losma~elSdecr~~l~l~ntD flO~S 1,nffu',1·~r ~a'f1dGl!de '~H!~tas 2lt)naspu~den f'ealfllt:ll*' t.m~~~1~.~· X·.<./··.·•. i> , " 't~G~ o¢aa1onal~$h~H~tade ~. ,. F.. qU$€Jo~s:t1tUi1ela ".~,~;~~~!~iii ii<x< mtnlma de lt~fl latlt.ude~ m~$ . $leVae~ a que lH~.d&l1 €'J.r\"~.~tr . . ~@a de 2GGI de lll1tltud. '1S1~~pr~qu~ t$lQbQil ~tltrl~~lE.'lnt.oe , • ~ I ' " rio$f1~n d.lar~a (rur&~;tS~lI PQrqye .b ~$$ ~a$~" lasp~~l~ m~tar'~ El ,prQm~d.l0 ~!n.lm~ cl(i ~$t& mi.a :tati.~udli$ (J$ 4rP F. ap1"Qxt_d.ment~. l~,$tos~.tQn ~~ pueden ,~_~ G~'~~a~e~ • • ,,, tecoml) >" ~.p.rO~ifS1ac10~~twe l)Orq~~ ~. ~, ; _.' ~. $ f3$tUdiQ~ae :tn~~l~t>Qn ~nflpj.~tmdt) ~~t€jl$'";1aloon ei qiatl a1 Sr , $Ufil:lmrf.H)rt.1,i~e1Qn~~~ ·,1. .' ~$ b~r~ h.~h!i} t~'~baJo~~~", nQ .. . i-. .r " . , ., ($··i1Cll@ l~mbl"~d$ 194'$ <41 . t . i~nn~11 r$~li $/lll ' It ,'< / O~~ .r~$pe~t~a ~a!it, m~t$rla.lfl'aQQtly'$~ nlent~ _t1~otaf' 1o.$iglJ1~n~.;· li!Am~yorlad~. la$1Itld~$'"~"Q~ tra,lda$por~i Sr'~. 'FlSnn@11: d~M$1~gu~m.P~$tt~~leo.,~lsu,. ~S ~trti$ deFiol'lda~' R$t~dO~ '''COlo~&dtr)e$il~h'' ,Unldof$$ ~t$Wo~lmadMi~nt,~''un~" h~;6~(ta. d"aptt(u~t.Q$nl,S~·a,$, vlt1edo' de d!~t.~ute~, 10 p1~$' e~l\r~S~ . ~.' "~tas Ol".~~tt~4~lf$· lklltr$ma~els l~ d~e'ta;nQ'1~ ,e$(te 5 P~$$ iii_ y 4e ' ~on dttm' ~~mb:r~ ~O;lQ41~Hit)' ~'una,aJ.turel <1$1,.20 ~h, yv~t'1~da<i9s$Qnl~$~1~uJ.~~tes: '. dfl$ cllm~ te~pl~4~ d;~1~$ Et'ltado $: tjn~dQ~h~rQn lmp~rt~~~ .an M$jor~da~WaM~'(J.. ~ V).",I~I~JliA 1@17!J: . ~. i).~ttll U~),', &n:ilm!D!(JUud~) ~~i'$rb~Ud~!,!(L)~ ' - -" - _. ib·JLm~2D(LJ•. ,(kU.d~i... b§Q!! (Lx Vl. . tv) 'J! (1,. , , -, , ' ;--1 'til, ,J.!iWJ.J~~t,j.• •·,'.· (L:ll: ". otr~~ 11 tlnaXt11L~1t!t.lpJ.,u"eh La may~r,t~ ~$, lc~, ~S~rfl.dQ$ 10$ • t~~'j~ .,<' ~n 19,{j,$al ~n$t!.tut.~Q$ $tta~J'l1'~u'ijtlsat11o~~~ anttW"l()1"'$$ . '.' . t' ~ Fu~r.t~~1~O y aJ.'tt$s·,'en. 'Florida & . . !E!f)}~~art~$ 1~P(;}t'ti4l4teap~l"~ ~l p,r'esente~sttJd.ioj IH.I~$ ~llS'~j~'@g~i d~e 1). Q iSC(j!i'klO l~flQ'~noQ:td~ s v~r i eda d~ aPJ1~u' ]i'aix"~t;d,l"!t1'.· ~~" ,Jb ~,.. _~p4w:qtt:t4i#-J/1j;;Jf.•. .. , ' '. ',.,'. "."','.' '. Tr6J)1~H>~ 1}1s(Ja~yno, aahle y t;aml::d,en l~ 243,. ij-~411 u,~4~gin~,H':i;;;l.S 1:< or' 51 r.1t4SmQ; ,~on "las '~U~' Wlu.e10trt~n ffi£if5 i,~Pt,,:c,Ud,;;S' l?1.'lr~ prOfi}'" :p~r':;;~r' on el ~(~dio cZi11t~c hUtUGOO' trup ic~l. , ,'..... :. ,F;a.Q1r·ld~h fteJt~;Hi;~ ~;ii$4~lQtl tl," ,lf1it,~p+~tl",A liven,·t, Jt,tt%4J··!oi;o;t"_~~~~\a1;·~ti/!5&'" ; 'It:!! .. , '" v. . ,~. . _ -. ;, , . "L;;': :., ~ _.', i: . ~. . " '. _ _ :~:,-_ 3 pentro ;\ffH;.l.r!~1;l CottlQLaL~~.P.mi;~*i}'~ t3Y:lU: h,'" ~,~, -~~~'~Pi!':!!i . -. 1'...". _~,;",~~!?y.9m~, nto,',IAI%~.. ~~~~~.~~ "Ii,r,,• h~,im1='i~~"""i..., ~~"'~l>/!i~!3~~~-f' ...c:, - - " . " JLt,.,I$.1~1~SL1,1 y ()ij,$"as m';~. En gef.lrert~l la mtly~,~'l~ tiene~ Uha ed~td de ()uatt·O afioiB alG1ndc d{iJ).,f;lS V 1~ B m';;~ t.ll{£'Jagal,01$l h~h:ridos. ~~t(;'it~stH tUOti©&0l"Jl1e@n~'¢~tul\loQ~t'9n1do~~~bf{& ~ il 'ii "'" ",. , qUIS'I?J:~eQ . 4" pr",rll\:}&<!ji!4~pstaef.<Q.rea t I:'Jil 'll "'~ J!.~ a<l's>£I,v:A,q "'''.'''''.' "'u &'l!,' ,..$ lc~ <j,.1'''''~Y,'''i "'. "" ",""c""kf"'~4W. :§i~1clim~ ~,~ ~1 taQtor ftla$lrnptirtartte :l haff£ita lifllfi tglnta en Ci0,rt()S l!-tSf)~(}tosjf:ftra ~st~. «m,lt!v,,) t'-MJei , 10, quec:onduJo ;;~,hf?\€H;;Jr de al~Ul1fJ nU.ll©t~d P:f1l:"'~':t ~1 Y~'l. , cl,lm{3:tQ:).6~1i~us de las' v1cl~o dt~ c:U,ma~t0,ml;)ladOS Y,$~ CQ11i1icn'''' 'tf:\ml'liu:tto *ti£~l ~iora~asy ~e e~ eate 'i't'opico" que ':If;! medl~. tllSl QO!1t(} mue$tt'a~'le\16~$rm,s de aquf;:11etBvari~d;;:;d~H3m~J*' aptitud~$3 P<;;U"$! Q~Hsi::~,rriQllGlr'" dee1a1vo$ ett@l cult-Iva 4e la derar eac't,06 taetore~ pal\\l J\lgu~os d~tO$Y en i"(:)cieoto vl~je <'i\ vld.:Ea1¥~d1$pe14SClbl~ (Hmf!!l!'" eualqul€1lt' lllatl de meJ(H'am1el~to. QlHill1:U"vacionlas fUerch;l la ll~~:l'Ghll(:a JU"gentina y "it (H,)¥'Ule~tlldOa Chl1e, ltl"" gar~sdOt)de sepudQ OOS$l'V&f' exat}tam~nte l~ dtf~f'$n(}1a de cll~s.. Ij;~tQ !U$ d~ gran valoT an la 1u:l't"erfJr8tl~~lon :l discu$iZri de los taeti;)re3 ~:'U.m'tl(u)$. 1:. El~:U.rn~ ~'~l~rQbable~ent~ el :faQttJi" t~11h~' 1rnljQrt~nt~ $n$), de$arrQllo de J.a1tld en ~l' tr5pitJ'Q. La vid qt~ e:~ }fa $rlg1J'laria 'de t1ii~!l!:Ul t..~H'ilpia.d~$, 'pr~~nt$ un prohle~' b{a~t~~r~t~ $er!o al ciiltlvlr~~le etulQS trcp~d~Hl. p~~~t(j qUt} J.es dU:~ ... . " , J~ltlQn$1d$rtu' lfA a~pt~bl:U.dlAd (lela lI'ldt#.l tU'{}pi"" eo, ~1 ~utor' 13$ 'to:r~~; re1'1are p:"1nc~palm~nt$ t'l los ~1t}u$;.~~'t.~s ;f~c~ ie~~r{tt.ura~ })f'eclp.i ta¢ialn pl~"j,~lff'Qtop~r1f?(l~ ~1t~. 1m')luYEmdo talt1bi.in ).~s jcil~g~~$ y ~ntet'f!4~ood.fl~ prevalentGHfs !$;i;;l 10 $ t}~Op1(H')$t tlue art eOnjUnt9 ai'ectan a IF.~ .1d. Sin embttr'go, lllJ$ trt!baJosi;1t'fJ~J.l~.\'!1ldo$J en ~l lt1lil1tit~to Intaf'~!~lertcarH) de Olen-ales AgricQ;las pcn" eJ. f'l'. ;hL.r~t1ne:U,. l'elatlvQ~ a la tr6p:icos, ~J~ an tlpo de vid ~d$c~ada p~!"a lQ~ ~odian-tetrabe\j(;l5 d.$ h1br1aao!6t'l~ prom6s~ deU16r'U obtanelon o1'l''$e~n un~ W~:lf~"'" pnrfl tal tuturo. III ~1l~11~r 1@ $ !actor~2 ~notado~f t'HildlflQ11 JU~t$ml' ;PQt' $eparadQ c.l,Mia une de la V1dll P UtHil $5 el ~11ow y au influer~cla cU,recta~~t;;l'~ QQilj'IJiltQ a~h:1ental qU~ clatermln~ sa U~ va:r1ednd ~.~ (;) no aciaptah-le a Una reslon Q ~$gun lug~r e~lc r~latt.vo a au (1~gaJ"rOllo"r$s1st,~n¢:1~ fUnSCH1i~H3i y mun~ra d~·comportmr~e muohI.H·~~ (J en dicho lugar det~rm1E'l;f%~~. S~'Hh~t'ptl\'i11~,~{1 ~. t'lH"Jt'ermli1.\d,;a,lfi,t$ et,<;.. () tU.l~ gr~m ptu"'te, eon lalll miis impo!"?..tl.ntes. orl~~n1l1das de It! lilt",~..~;'ff!l!.~ D$ ~$ta Etl' h0!n d~rlv*do pOW' lal"$ wtt:rledade~ .KaAN1~hl£fnPtf'~£~· J}3Al$w.,lt!m. G§!fb.$1.rp~.iii ~~~~m, y otras, tQd~s , ;;erl" ,t'ormas ptU"4i\$ . ~Mucho $trab~jQts 'de '1 meJQra~~$ ltl ~lU;;PEH~·l. ;tiLl,!"'" de 'filn l.n t1tQmeJoralnl~ntQ ~ - . : '-,', .:. . . :: . : : ,', ;t1,d' hali '-~ ',', . tenid() un 1'ln ~$p~~lti~~f buaQanu(} l)g"trQru'usr$s:ist~il't@S a. la LllJUtA" fan i:Hinptiilo1on a gl~ndQ tjepaJes - - " \1})0 de su~lo' ,hr,tarl$1nad~ que $@adaptail a , Q e$:~~"" eQndlc;!one~ ~~bl~nta:l$$ de'" t$rmi.nn da~. ~s resl~nes t~['1pladas dOhde ':La tlva d&lo~ We.Jo:rt$1$ r'eatd:ttlCQSti tleb1Wn periOdo~o ~stac1Qn~s muyw~re&di&$. rnr{A sQpQrtet t.sWil1Hlr'6 tura s $l'eva~ag ~,l'l l~ eetael La $u (Jee.r$4'l1.... i mlento y mudu.r~c16n, qU\f; qUiza no , $6 resletf'en Em ast~ regj.an , tropl(~elJ.. tsftlb13fidespu8e de 1a deZol1aQlon. en que !}$,rQ llega, ~l perIod€> d~ descanao, n$c~alta tlene~l oli'L1a ae tl'empotrlo qU~ no I trop;1eal. eVl elMt'Hll0 trQ.pical, La vid nOne(h3$'ita 'mucha ~g~ y 0il a,bu~dtU'lQl~ ,(:OliSt1 tuyeunprohlemti* l.a , , ~Mltld;;~d Ge J.tt:t sQlar '.1 e~eutl(lf1(j {} totop~r lod1amQ,ln,flu.1e~3 1f'~rHia~lei4t$ '~n ~l~ultl VO de li';~ Asl (:~n su lugar dad deel1i!M vla. ltlfnlsmo tl$ (!ue all. tot\~;per!Qdo al~at~zaha8ta' e$t~o1ones . s:a reduQ~ muoh!lil1rno. ' el fotoIj~r~OdO es d.e 12 a q~e @illa Gal,!'" or 1~~nt hay est$Qlon£;1Ej ~:[1 14" ylS 'ho:r~~ yeQ @tf"~~ griel· troplce. gen$r8\1!'!'lera t t* " ' '13 hOt'6I€il dt'l1"Elnt.etodo e:l Ettio; de luego lli eato vai"{~ eeao $ev~ mas ad~lante en 1$ tabl~ N~. , una cj.arts' . ".. .. ' cEtntldi~d ". ' , . " . de imJ$Qto$. .to paJaros,hob~i05t'q~e ~ou rJarJuuicla15~!>i1ilt'a li!:t vid '1 que pOl'la~ m~lma t'! CDfHlic;iQt;$Ei S $O!~ bt1z't~nte tUtl¢11e$ d$ cOontz-olaf'. '1alUb:t.$n la hu.m~.H'iad relat1vcl tlell~ $t;l ~~vo.rtanQla. ya. aea tavet'(u~j.$tldQ 0 n,6 ~l' 4es~'rrQl1o de ~;mt~.f'm.iH'J,ad~Hl' tU~lgo~~S. " 1..0 :q1.l~ ,a.nt$c.d~ {i'a' '1d,ea' de ltl' ~ul\l t.ud d@pr~hlfttMuZJ " yl~s dl:t'ef'sf}c;$.,a$ que enc~~nt:ra lt~i' lld emtT~ ~i'!sap t taU lu~ar de' lO!i tr3plc~s. ~l autor pr~lIl\~nta a cont1nu£Acion braV0s ile$(1;t<1p"" Qi0l1@8 eon 'flf;le~ vides' d~'l compar~d,,1VOsaobl'~ laa ~e¢~sidade~~l~ l~$ V1~Jo, ~\u'ldo '(4.!:.t~.!.t!rl!)' y al~uf~&u d~Luj'Am~:r1~~'" ila $ O~,lJ~~.iJ11.l\tiol!)'~ ~~.9s ~Nil~~r!$p ,Q'~U_I.L~. ~ J}.. ... ;\~ V!~jJ2 ,~~~"ri Jeu,'H;>b (15), ~lolettl (2cJ" ~~HtOn. ySnYdetc, (15). Ilof;f~tm (i2)y~tros muchns aut.ore$ sen de ,le! ,op1nio!'1 q~ la V. 11tnitet"a ee un';ifrut.~ tlp19a de 1&$ r$~iOl'~a 3t1Hn1-,iil'ida:g (w~fm t.empef'ate) •. ~4e~.selt.a!l para t\*sal"rolJ.~ nor~1metrte .. ,.. .. ' . , - 'r d~if~J:"~~O'$.':a.~gQ$" Q'all.ent~$$$~eo~ y d~I~~i,i~nVlernO$trlQ~. templ~dQ ~ tropieal~d~~1do 3 *enf~~~'dad~~t~r~n()$la$ 1& f3tllioept;.t.bi:U,da~qu~ tle[~ell y:eqtHm erf~l tl'oplc¢)fl!e d.&sarr()lla~ much {slm€,l.· ~~~a.mb·ios bru.scoade temp~.t'~tut'a~on l~my perJ~'" ~1c1~le$.. Cm~l ¥':tingtH'la,chla,s't1aa vt~'@ . vitilfe-ra$ re~ll!i1t.e~ t'r!os inte~SQ$jI ea, {leo1r;l~nt(t1'1,~t'.e$.fi· .t'f) ~a$ belada,$que ea$H despv,lJ$ ~%j.~ laVld , @'n '1a " ,prUliavera, ptH!H~en~ta.l'lat m;;~YQrl~dclolf;',·3~r:ITth~i'lt06 d/(iJI trj~~~ tlticncd.on y a~!. r~ducir!arl desSltJ'tr'ozimerrte lnprOdu~cl~n. , BOtl de~MS:((jbleo lfAR~' lltnl1~H3 d~H"£H&t~ el. 1f~"" gO' f!j$l ucsar.t'ollo. d(~ otf'Q mOdo no eon Ll~Hr!aB \) tlf)~n:po t,~m ;pei'Judlci~1J.'Ia!S 'ptU"a ~l>or'@elmi~l(rto<10 frSo y nUbladQ d'W:'E.nts '$J, pe;r!~~H;J;O eifEl tlo,~"~'" Ql!tt/t ~in ~m{n~.rgo'J fltI~d~n Ct;msar lel cog'$dur-@ d~; li;>!l'Jrlf;H~imos 'e~olmt11 ~u.nj~Hl0 de que vias atH'ilHlt\ilii If! ej:)0 Ot,l 1,m f.ruta (BranDs de fl'haduruc1on V~Hl(}S). W.:l,s llu"" y V@ii<,U.miiil Qca~ion6'lt~ !?2ucr~O$ dn?ic;ls deb1do~1 la ,fa~:tl lHldt'loi6n d®l~ fr~t~~;/ (i~t,n"" do oon ~~uy .full~r:t0ap.ued·e:r~ OQttH" r)e~fiadae d~, ~ra};~~:aQ. lient(Hh. ,Dondela 16, ~"lJ'a.ml.1<l:1m{l l1'n :t"~g1{,H'~G~J r$lt~t$.v~mente $,1 V"ZtJl a{,ltHl'j"" frlas~ ,tf,~ -t',;lbriQaQlond~pa~1il $2 h~Gha - lpoX' e 1,me"" ~ 1,.00.0 riatur'~l d~ Uso¢jadoal .sol~l(tQtogl'iftf1i\!~.o. 1 ..) ~;j'todonat.tlr~il de H.@il-i!<e~do IRll sol&) e~1 la t6~br1q~{51'" clOtl de~;}~tl8;~. . .... , - _., ~HQI tan ~Se~n(}~$l me:t3 detiempQ claro» ea1.iente y aj,~ 11~w1a~ 4~spll'n d~. la madu!'ae!6n'.~ fotosr~tfa riQ'. 1 iluatra e $t~ . .' alat$fia'de t4$ec~'do $1 $'{}.l~ien '1& ZOm&d~ San I>"el1J)@~ Chile, d,QfUla las 'OQr~d1e1onesgl:tm'lt.ica$~cfJtlCOm1;} qU~(16 $J{ptiIiH~to eon anterl~a"!dnd. Un lJf'()m~d10 a'nlull .. ., ~ . 20.a 25 p~l~ada$ de .' " . de lluv1a eu . , t'!$Ualm{1~te: 8UfiQlt~,rit(li~1'e$t'b1eu' ('L\stl"'lhuitda (lurttntfw£Al :tnvlero't)y IlrtmaVE/l:t~a Ot.o!'io'. y $1el$uel0, eSf}t'otunrlOY reten'tivo 1)ar6COn$el"v~rla~ 'r~1~nos' de 12 a 15 i;uf~ad~~$l 'soh ,". a "~_"'~":" _. .;' , .. ~, i _,', ~ ",'''', '<'#" • Ve~EH:i a~;t~¢;:1etltesanr*g1onf;s frl€iS" ,': •. ", ~'jp .,.:." " Unt;1atIDt.Hi~f$ra O~:U:"ga\d~ d.~ 'tltUlliHladd\.lt'arrh~ '~'l tiempOQallente dif.\QlJltelelerm'ibtol ~~\eeli!'t$rm~H;k!46~iu~o~aIDt~lea 'comohlaQK r'Qt(~~..1iE~',g!t de :l;L\<i!f$lJU) .. :aniw~~nQsl~ tli.~"n'j ..!!.n~nj~Pi')'t y dOfl~~11d~w (£,~~()~!tl~_vW.$~sJi.)·. t.as 'v14~~I~nlttfIS.i,n101ens~~r~clmi~~~\~'etl1~i ; •- . ~ I p~lmavet'at - .. -:.: , ", ' " .'.. " , , d1tlrla - _ :".. lnmitHllatament$ despl;ltU3 alQZtll za .a 600'.E $ ' .. :,',. " , . '. _ ', .• qU~la teM}J~r!ltm'~ rHedi~, ' d.llH.~~aQ1.9 utl~}erlQd¢) de dei\\l,C~'Af:H)O de ,2 a $ m{~~esll d,Ul~£~ntelQ~ 'cmal~s $1 p:rowtte'dl0 d~ 1& t~m~ l]~ratUf'a ~H~t~ ~baj() de5C..of.#! eon algunos t'l:10$ pef"@ n.o in*" la m{:tYGrf~~ tt;n1J)¢r$\tut'i;t t1.W lt~ S V~~,~~ 1W3dades~ ~.f,} neee$<\u"la (romomlnl~la, Ufia medl® d1arlade 'e,50F., almqulB al~unas vaI"i~~la~$~ n~~e6sitan i;.~mr;\lil:.r~1;,'Ura$ also m~salt~~! e:omo ,tle70o a 8~ol]'. l..a$ 'v,arls{lildeS mats~arn:p~"~n;wa NH!ul~;u~~n alr0d~do:r ~~ 1,600 :u. Prlnelplando la $uma decalQf' altlempo de la CQIrlpleta ;rIQ- rac1;on la var1edarl nQ~f!.9n..9j!@Gu..!t l)Or$j~mplo, ~$tar' maclU.f'!:l par& use demes& (lafJ i3al1ing J.~ eUE.~lHl0 1!l$U,ma. d~ l~ ternper(.\ttlf'f,i al(l;&ne~ 2000 dlas gra~l()$*. 1!;at(ilm! $t~ v~r1~d&~ e~tarl c0mJ)J..iamenteill~d.ur'6I. p~l'lipa$~$ (25Q iSallbll-h CU~!1~(J1 la $~na alQatlC$ :?ODO dlas gradQ$*'. Similetr~HiU1t~ ~t1. t9f;~l. ~~ dUrel"'~p~m use d& rfI{Z$a a 2..500 y la I~.t!£ lalrededoro,~ $,2fX; d~@,a ~grado8~.. La altaeal1d~Hl de la fruta eati'! a.!F;o~ia"" da eon la :.~htlntiaf1ela de luz sOlar 1~9r alijn~efllto tabl;U.il~~91 i1'V~. via {H1~t.a aeQonslderam .l¢)£\ En ~l~tlno s ,1ugar-e$la dU.f'€Hlte laef.i.jta~1{)n Of! tl~ne ,Puntos un a~11o radio de ex'tr'fil~$m ~Qndese sequIn as taJl "" cul- grell;'.u;le~n ~.lltt$:l~$ ~1l0$, (l~e ~~Bta Tldt[~m'blen $utre l>or la tnlta de ngtla. (:~Wfj~ 10 lllH~tr'Q lf~ totogl'af!a ~JQ. 2 de un~ . s~ecl$n de uri vll1edQ en laZona tie Gauquenes, Ghl1th JIub¢! mucho Qalor y j'~ilt6 agua (194~ ...4:"7). S1nembargG etl algun~s de pU~de. lr:r !gaelQn. utllza.r l~~ iJI, 1'(;>1" sUJjtl~sto,. S~ JU~~jlU1 con reapacto a.lcll.11. fiM~b~"" ~ 6$013 lUfgaf"(U$ S~ ~ ad~ tao ttn" ~er eon~id~n'~aQ ©9~ t~IJtfHii sn\{$osU tH/J igtlal ill la $~a alg@vra1cr. de la medui Wkl~lf)~ual. m~mos 500 Ji'. (:our1imte $1 pil"" t'lodo demau,u~ir~~c.;t5n). l)~.ratura \i 'Ul~ Q,l~ll'Dnefli,pet'~ en ,teaum~n Y·~$~~f.!,;t,am~yt;}r!~JA;t~a.~G~~(~tj). J!@.~~b· {13J. 131~1$'tt;i(2 J.y ,i;)t~os •. dlQ~nq~e~$, ,~~~t'~~ 1~$ JHl,1"altlvl<l I:\n!t~ $Q'l'l lm~ ·gral1Q$Q~har'enQ$Q~ p~{j'''''' IJ-- . fM~iid(ja*, b1$t{ dr'enad¢>:$. ',- j,' • ;pohro$lt1cnte sales.. ur'enado~ ~6'tal@$ y I " • > , SU~J.o~mujc~~~~ll~H)o~. $u.p~:rtl~l~l~$. queQontl~~)en aJ:ta$cc~~entr~~lQ~~~~ ltl,.lQnZU.noa:oQe !1QI'(!;.' (I dj" ~1gun~s Qt;f'~$~tl})~t.a~.;.... ~$d€i!lU$SQh~l dit$'.' Segun laaQondi(Lio:n~a del $ue·l0 y el '. " " var.tal1 lagca.lid~d.esJJ cHJal:i.dad$9 ae. eu~, pr~d~~.e~()!'?t .. teuerl-on miLxi'moB reaultados ·6at.ist~*ct()rlQ$t~lg'U~lb' . anl't.11lo. - ; . (}ep~r"t1.1J');larft!e,l{):s sU~l'J~$~labr~Hi'y l·eJ·t;l,li~f~ " ' 1!'J!.,~it,!:rlmPfJj~naSlmIH~;Qt1 ~·~¥h~rHz~cOn. m~~ih::t D~~l"!;i"~' (!.:n~~! . W,~§J>.RP~~~ son l~~t.1V~~ d~ le~'H.;ta $~t:ld~I@·t.~ . ' '. ."". . \4u!Qt1t1r~lti£)~iJ d$ l~tlt't:$ i~mert~a. 18. {Jt~{;,1:l " . ' t1@nl$ ~rmQba eun el ~~H5..io tr().plQ~lll'Y~' ·'1.Uep9r '~J~~fAFlt)i~ fH7d"ti@ ,. . " ' , . . ..... " ««: .. di$ tlo:r1d.a t()d~vi€~~3t.alt1r~lu4t\a '~'f!. 'la ;~Qnl!:t T$~ql~1~i,il , r,1~'i1'e ¢llehtl, '* 1~ n ltl' l~~:}lQrta d~' l~$ ~r~~.$ d~ la w~ tl .~~9i:Uih 1{i! t(jl~\qpe.ratUN~t;:$ r\'~J"a ;/~!8 :·fiGe.@1~i1d~ fl~ :t~ r *~ur~Q~ baJ I1i ~~cPJ!' ~ f)O~$1~.nt1.1~~nt~ ~$t.an i!ft';~O ~j1{Hi~S IH'~\~g1(h;H3 Q , pr~Q~J,!£ta~~r~t~ y . , ~~en~Me~;r~l"a~~ 'Vid~$ 1l~ p~'·Q~P.~1,.JtH~l tri~n.. '.~ p,~ra~tlilr~ rr1!nl~*tlU{!l e~t~~$ ~t1{l.o:$ ptH$d~n i£'!Qlfortt'!r. .. .. _ , ' -.t-\ la L..-~E.P9A~.b ~~~Y.lJ,"',fttQ,ra~~l!.~!lm£~~jd~J' u · ~ .Y~Ji~!~~~lI~!""cilAml1~.y otr~$ ~!lajj (kiJ,~~f$(tt;L V~~~flt~ ,re"" q,U Ifjr~!l d~ C1:l.1~ ~ t.l$l:!l]p lt~~@ a~a~nql1e ,pT\iHJ~l1~~~J.g U!)O 1U etiU"~~'" t~rl\1;$ 1),r\l}ff}1+Q~~ l: ". "',' -;' - t - • '. h~fJ$1tlo apt(}V~Qhatl'1)~ P~i~>~, tr'~b~ J~~ {ilue - . t~t.'i)t~~ ~or~~itlonto ' , ' ', .• " I'" - ".- -", • ~ G'S~ ptH~CNrfntlo~n~~ ~~,r~t)d~dn~'$1faj (i ~~~Man"'~~Q.tlQl)tJtti"~n~~}d~16~'~ua1~s j;))~ p~~a$ de~t:f' ia1~i~, 1".f·,j;~~Pt"';_~\ y~Oi1 la$.lwa~lan d~1c!11 tart tjl~~tHt~daal~Ji~~.IJ1 :La~ lP~t~~~ de ~$t~ ~f"t.'110 ,$~ ~m$d~ner)~~i~~E"t:;t$" QQ~~~ ~~tti~ptattl~~ ~~1 tij;$tU.o tt'~pt~t~J.. n~~l)U'S 3$. d~l';' .~ ~Qr~p:OE:rr ~1.~t)g~pOt't;'1~1i~%l£':'Q d~ ll,18Una@fl f$~fl1z\ m ~fl al ~ lima \¥'~p;t1J:a,l.· l)~jHarl~~~ diq.e (ltU~ l~lli!lIY• •'J.~J)_~d~~ (eO. :~tflt,iv~d~;$$Qbf\$ c~~d. tQd!1}~lQ~~UeJ.9shbt\!i:lt;;1~~0 , . ' h.ub:t~t nutuj"~ll!pero no eQ~ 'J.iji~11,1!3:,sr~$uJ-'!t~d~ ~~ . i}:r'~~P~r~n 'k) 1"nfffn $~~lf)ab~,Jq~tliG~f$d,O'aQ.~nl~a~ It!~r~ti~mt~$ (1~~\roi.l1~4,~···'@$t~11~$~ ~~3 m~·J:ot'~$ r~,\jH;j,;kl;..~·t2'iQ*i1, Qbt1~,~~$1 iiIlf)br~ ~tl~l$.1t:J ~e m~r~~""'~l"e!~(}:a_~ SJU$'~~ bl~en~c~td~i ~d~e, t iJlr1, i 1.1d&~11lm£it,$ri ~ Qrg**r11~~,. , . . ' , " ~r~~~ sat!sta~1H)~~1~~:\$eJ:lt'~ $i} 'lQ$ .ttt$Ja~~9$ :tni4elo~ '~~s$ ~~Qi' @,Jertlplo ~n 't';,l$df{tont~p~r~l $l~t.~ r$l,d~~fJ:lJ~~'t ~$$ta$!l' ltl(l$$ WW;Q~$it~m ~~r~t$~$)eEll'i~Ht"io.. dT~n!H.~tl. , U'}l ~uel(} P1~"Cftuni1.lZl.. ;f)t\,;N; nf'$. ~$ un 1,>$1~pot~t~nt~ q,l't~al{1$t4tJ",,~u~lt"\ Ih'lJi~V~~ e~t~ljl~(i1d~~~;mt~;H~ lf1d$~tt':t'$,Qt%~1 .~t.l . ;;l;~t~i&",.N'j!. ..<!J l)QCO ~nl%~~dos. I3~r~) not~nDlffl.!;l como s®r~un yla £ruta no $«iiN:'~ (l~una buena Qcrlld.ad" .'Mf:l~pQn l' ~nyct$r' (15). .dl~~n iit!!~ ·pJilr~-Qt'H) ~.z~0C~l' .~.~ ;jtii' $f'! . r~,gtonal5 dO~H!~ If,* h UfJ:'I\&tJ.1;l ~l I l1;1~~e it . i . ftodO$ los t~:p6:meno~ qt~~ l'iM~ X'~&15tt'a.n~nllt'l vld~ tie la13 plalnT,~o eat.. !1N In:flu~H~(l!it~d(a~ pOl" 1£1 tI::1mEHlf'atu.R'~1" ~a .tl;m6~lanQrequi~r~i . tl~ grmHlo cle tflifi)])El'~"ttt~t'ao ~e~t ,1~1&]p"" t1ti%a IHAr~~ f.\tl ~'lortY!,;;ll r~al:t~t<\c16~. tUl~t~ J~Sa, .un l#lP~;l, }lrlt;1Qr4t1.al _Gb;r~ su Q~$iar;r'oll(f ge}l;\~r'@ll. COtl'lO q~da~~Ue$tb ~Cil'n, $~\~:r1o:ridad, .1,,~ vid ~','~ Qt'iI1t*~:l;"'1~ d$ ~'l1rf1~ $tGfllpladtH~, d9Urlil li4 tetllp{itt"$t'U~a ?~rla ItHitQl'f~~nent~ ~{}t4 l.as ~#3tl'iU;;it)tle~ ;ttlr~nt$,e:l~!Q. ~H~ e~m'bl0 $:b It'$tr6~j'1"" ~~tas'Ufra ~n~rm~!~~m$e Jl ~IO S~ ad!'i~Iita .fa~torea y UllO d1Gl~llos:pQr e,Je:mplG a,1 ~Htt ~l tVla,11.~ F0l' de r'~J;lQS<O~ ~l JHt;ra ~l~eHti! 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'$g;tt> no en G~ ~Q~'n~r~ 1~ 'f.b~ft~~,nlti0t4i t~l&,U!!!!. l.~~ d.$I~ b~:rr'Qmbf'~ vu~tlan ti~ll!;'tr BinJ~~i~$e1$fj 'el l:a:~ 'pl~f~ttl!.$l ~stlr) '$r~ lp,O$~'u~"1da't!lt , ~ ~d~d~14t3 ~on(tl@$;o!le$ d~ l~s p~~~e~ 1i$i;\j ~s~~lm~~·f~t~ Ujt)t}~£:',rfJ:slat~nti'Upf€lrt;1POT' otr~ Pi:iH"ttf t~~fi:l$, QQn~~~1t.rt>i.t;19r~ dt;p~l(m, >;!~Ii} a~~!)tit~d~iW<pt:tt~~e. p~@d((j 'b~rr'et'ap\llr~1f:l1J~:f~.~(~1Q·I:~., 'tG~ll~ P;udr 1tJ,1 (j~ l:iOr nWl.il'tt d'", :li!t$l" t;!l!ti l~'1i iii $'J~.mIJ1Q. l~~ hQj~~ ~l:$Y J~hr~~~~~ $$cepan;;1~l ~taqu~v uabl~ll~l1'ttll pQt'a!,,!(\av!it11c(),Jill~d~' !l:Q, G~!~Q~, la ~lltl:~~~liJ\ttfZ}ll2l# la W~t)~Q.r.,11 ;ptl:~d$! s$r$:Qcl1r1~adppoi'1~ ~,~l,br[~ ~"!}Qnl;;t)~~).~~~ QO,n ~"~.f~oi~ld~(iLt'~~tmquJg,. ¢ontJ:"lh~y~&dl~~~~~~~~~ la~ ~n,f$1."mad~4~~:fun~o~a a JirAf$u~h,Qn ~a~Qe ,,~' pr~~~~t~tU'H~ .r~~:\~i!rtJi{J1C1'h ~ta 1Jtfx"" la ,pref$~t~~1~ d~ ~old;of,l.~ntnQ&l,~,e·~~. :r~alat~nQla'al }}laQknQt ~il l~, tlvaqt3~~1).~t1~ l~g $:"'~rgmt~t,l ~d~tif3GIIP€U"~~:~l@$t,af ~~rr~1~u:~$9na~ ~OJ;l la Q~~'*,A~,~·.~~Q; ~e~oldj)t.art,.r·lQQ ~n~lj~o ti~ .la pJ.l!lt~t~. _.~:ltsM"nu;Y~~~tl.!) @l ~Gn\~nl~o dsa,l;l:lti$3 (;i;se(:O). 'fdbl$if.1 hay alJitl~~Q~ .t'a:etQ:~~·~ s~n'tlfJ-C$ "itl~ nO~$pr()1~~bad'l1>!ilI para, Qbten~t' 1r~).r1~~~Q~$t'~$$1~... t~Elt$~Y. fita m~ypotlibl$ (aU~~at~$~ ~~t'nli~dCl$ c~n Jb$,f;f.~:\a,.;,: l&~t~o$", .~t\t. h~~h~f:hQ'!1 q'o$ft,lnuan ha~1'ndt}~~tt'ab~JtH~_t~fi~l!)~ meJQl'atc11i~ntw tm~~ifQ l,l:u"a r$$;K5t~&~elti~n~~ef'~i!j¢1tldfjaf:cgtn~ -Ii iJ~$(aulto~ {ft~6x~l"aJ y t<l\~td,'np*,f'6!; c~l1d~~ d~l l~:rodlH.ilt!J}. ~n~lXn~t4tuto. las t,eihiblin $Hil 11.EI<ij'$o QQ~b:i\) ~~~fI$ t;r$:hl;~J~i'l\ (ant~r~~d~(i~$ ttmf~9~~ -e~nJ!t1t~1\¥u:~ttn$er1~I.)r~bli:11~$ p~Tti l(j vldtir'Gp 1~al. 51." El aut-or , " ~or~::ittd@r~ (tt}n1r~~im1i1if~t~ b~iCaf' ~~lkora.~n£~'b;t'$V~ d(;1-$~.r'~p~i~i~ d~:L~~ ~;mt~~iU"f~&j.a~$$ de_J.~v~d. m;~ C(iI!llUXU!~~ , lit! ~l ' ir'lL\~~t In d~tJ1f'~ ,~,·~,~;J.nt~~.'~lQl)l!a e.)tt®iP~l(t$ il'Ust:r&n\;1~1~~(,l~~ d~l;,)'UJ~.~.~ ~~~A~,~1.~~,;,I~\OjP'J~~)~~.t..(Jjtl~An~d!nal',;~h~.~W' J l:;;1"~get:1tttQ;Owtl ~:ii~,:$$,~,~~~~e~ ~l(~l+a~~ ~ ~t~r p~q.'Uec!$;'~~ _'Pl~tn~'''f~~~~~nt~, !lY~.• ,la~ )~b~~t,~!~t.-e JugQt?tltj'~qmc\s, ~~a.n~$ ,~~taE'ill~asa~ a. ,r~l G'$ s~r~1Jlp .~:, _~arid£i4nb~~t$,~J$tX:'~~~u~~r "la,~~o;l~h a;tt~t~t~i!Y' &Isl i~t..t,\ 1)&t'i,~ mll~t'$~ J,.o·@ ,ki~i,,*,,,,,,,,,",,';'I"" l~ff .bcJa~ ta~b1;~} $9$~ftt~f,1M*d~a ~cafilon~nd¢t,Jt~ tl~t~l1~c;:t-(1n. S pb't'ej,fitr~tf!, :bJi'~;m$l:t~hgH!iolla~ta~$\)n.(Jl.r~tl1.~f'~Sp, l 4~ ur~ G~l~f' Bi:r;l~"'e~nl~!~nt~$I P~:r'~t-()t'n$rl\';j.e~n ,U~ ~:!iJ,.;t,t.JA-41,V;il;io!>~~4 Q$fZUN'~~ ,'$'~ loa ~~jr~~~~. D,a ltl ~Iu~ri,en(ti~ ~~. un QjO\ li:n ~l tr~)iQ~" m"~h~~ d~3.&~·'v~u"l~~~~ d~(:l:l~.f4t~$ t.~$pl~~(.)~ ~Q~ ~tuy f£\a.~~<!1aa po:r~n'tr-a~m:H1j.1.$,. .l.a,!!tA§",,,JJ}!.;f'i:$':11 y lQ~~E·uC€H~ d~ ~s-ta~ '.~. '~ l~ !"l M~\1.est-!"~ra 'tl,n~ ma~~d~r ~t~$~~,P b1.:t1(1~du l~ iint-r~~m:~811$.:H~¥v:W!rl~dad,~B mU1f'es-l~te~tt!i;)1il &).~.~. J.a~ m~~tladinsa$,}lOtrltr.$.. p u~d.~~~nt.r~lar~(\n Oald.Q~30t~d~:l~~ ,~nt~r~~i1ad.. ~ontwol~~haS1;.£:1,nt~dit!ij)11. p~d(\t ~r'~dlcar~Qd&t~ .1mu'1 ltm ;f,R~ons~Jablec~~ndl;f $eh~~t$l~ p~rt.<1~$ ,z\f~~t~i:l.:il;'&:. b~iftutlt~ ~V'~lt~a,n @l t.l'l>plQQ. l~n~:i trj:I::Ji(.l~" (Fig"" I~) EI.l trna (Ojo de Pajaro) JiliTfu\CNOSIS (Elsinoe ampelin~) Sarmiento IJ1UY e tacad. par Ia enfermedad. k Forma caracteristica del Ojo de pajaro. --Racimo rnuy enfermo. (Tomado del Boletin de Demaree y Runner (6) ) FIGURA I ~l1~,.}t:i.~J~~!) . . (J'.:t.g!i$r4Q,.~r~~I1~~Wa) "tw dl(;lon~$ I~J~iJ:10!P0l~~*1':\;t~. UUU% ~tliermel1LH;1 a,mh 1~H;ltalG~ hOJ~ Pr',tt~();1.p~l~~(lnt~$ f3e(ji1$i;lm1t1il;t oit. 'ton dli.!la !'ilt1cht.'i ,f~Q1lid~d. ;).~ }.>~t~in~:t.~~~~~l1· ~l ha~~')tJ U~~$ mauilJh ~j'i1~rl11~"1t~(i,ii~ d~$,!lbH~$$ '~t~ ~1($1'1"~~'$ . $J~ $lH~>$I~'~,r,~ u~ JJ$ta ~r!:f~:r'm~~~4' ~Sitl'~n '),O$'ttt'~pi.l:}(hsi$li$n·.,~~~i~~l.J;l$ Q~~el'Z!"~$= ~l);£lcl$~'een J.ah~r't'umb:f~$JI' brtilt;,~ »)1. iBe' pr~'"'nt~Yl 1Q qu~~(~a(flQ~~ ~!$r~ 1~J;$1~~1! tQtll;~$$ ~,$ ~$~~'f~l~ e,¥l,t~rm~dttd .• · 1A.~'~V~$1 . d~le~nahl~~ .'11 ·'~e~tilbr@~ljon lj"~tnll!lft'!e1~ &71a ~p'Ued~uontrQl~~Q~HlOiiildo '~;'~r~~les.' 'iC\~~ilXi ~~a,r~$ JJ 1~~11n~1~' (e hy,il11~o{)n$e,jahl~~.r$~:t{i~l~~ &nt~r~~$ p;r1~1iQ.;l;paJ.,m$r.t,,~~'Qr~J;,rt.~ 1;fl j;i Odih "lase tli)tlr'tl" q~~ .11JlAt$tr~ la$~nt~~)~t-\i):l,Qc~!a ~$ .).~ enf~r'i¥H!k~~liit~. .. -' . ~ .. " , :i$ JS!!. tUlf\U~t~r~l@'Q~:td q~e ~t~~a p.t~j:~r~llt~MOtlt$ k\l1.rrincl].}:!~. li$enot,~n ~an(}b~a pnque!$~fili! d.~~~QJ.¢Jf'1t'k~~~ t\jlha.\;tJ d~$FU'~e.Ul $ill ~niffll~, ~;I;~ I}\u~d~ {lb$tliirv~r- ~onmt4cba ~;11.id&d Y~Utf~, 'Ool~fl1a$ ~f~~rU l,$l'1t~s q~. ~.v~~~s~ubr-~n (Downy Mildew) MILD~N POLVORIffi~TO (PlasmoEara viticol~) HOj a de vid atacada par 1a ~lasmoR~a vit~~. / Sarmiento altere do par Ie enfsnu dad. Lillo con granos ata.cados per le enfermedad. (Segun Ferraris) FIGURA II -----Recime joven atacado por la forma larvada del mildew (escaldado) ~ljA e a un~ ~j$ las m.a~3 at1ZH;}£Ati.;r~&~ por h'$rru~filjre !lUe~.U,o i)Xi @~~t(,UI tz'of<lcul. ia HQO~~~1@j~bla quomar tQU[;\$la,ia h(~ja$ ~:ts(';t~\,htdfjll cti1d£~s'. eto.Gener a lJ'rlHnt(1 ~tl(;lnseJan hi£C4S1" @t~l icao l©ne lB ;;J,~ Caldo lH)rdal~~~ ~0ri l£i propot"clcnd~ 4·...4:...60 • . , ,Ell\t-tll$fl :pla.B.~Sliftih' ~.t$~'0.a4>~a$1¢na~ ~. l~l 'wid ~m~l "tr6p~Q~jl $~t,il~ltt~,p.'JIil!l"ftj~,a;v~$pa~ jr h~~.l~~p. ll!!itl· una ~··~.~.~ltin\*~ad, d~t ,. ;paJ.at'9~~tJmo ,l~s f}r&mut1m~t'st~. lla~~d(>~ ~nQlfjat& R,$(tf! P~ap~a,iJi~ I>~~bo" J~m&r~llJi> ,71 Y;~_u1.r:i('{J, q~ o~a~lt'.m~n,~~ d~Io'~~J.bl~ ;)~.r_~ :.t~$ ~a~:d.NI1,Q~ tU,$"I~j,:L 2~ ~qnf~,~4. ,i~~q~\G ee :t.~.'. 1rlt~r $1 da1:io d"..~ y r~~u.lt~ b~~t.tln.t$ . ~. tf);t%lgI"~t,tfi N~lIt 61~~mt,!9~1~ prfl't~~"", ;LiJll3 :r~¢(Ilmo~, ~.~tl·bt1~~a .~. p~p@:J. l}a~~ ~~, .~.~tO$ anlm~l~~lIt ,l"'iIll~ult~ 'b~$t.llj~t~ d1t'1~1:l.. A.$~~$~$con,,~n1.ellt~ ~l<i!l~~~~~p:e~l,!tl~~~t~pf,\r~ \\ \ l'f~r('} e-!1 l5~'n~r:al el~~~\~~til tf.;lnfJ~Th iI;~g;f~"'" :~ul~$,r' 4$1 ·v~I~4~. \~, '.J).,. \\.' '("'. \,. .:L,,,-,·v ···}~~.a J~$"fj'$gl~t!~~~'j;~lI'il ~~'l1'Wa $1 ~t&qUi! df;l J~tr(h1l '11!! f1h&~~tt1l~. iJ&'" ~~~~"-,,-~.-...,..,,.....---..--,.--- -~-'i \ I mIa~1 tmf~~~p(H~ie d~ ~nri.$!Ja( , . ~nJ. apai"~to qtle C9f& i1J.~.~.tl\ Ducal t\l);re un p;equYi3lo. ag~;}1fl:rQi pcn' 1'31 (r~tal lti pUl.fH\1t Y .d~~Jt~. un ~$~1PQ. pl"O,p 1Q 10 pi:lr,~ el lx~m£~;;]le),to 'U$. J.f1~.hQrm1~~s •. }1lg~teu~ ~vlsI}~tl vlve~) t.\t1col(J~Jafil ~ltEi'. ~CtHltrl~yt'H1 ~r~l~~c¢'[Hi$ ~~ 1£>13 ti;t'~ol~~, hl$otw: Jr j7joJ~d~. OcQrA $~G~lirF~ {I <(, ;Pi!¥~~~l\;i)g (J lDnlM~' IStl\$nJJB ~l¢'ilt~l ~~1,~hilt J¥~g?(',\J.O M~~qtl$ il.t1.sum~S.G~~f~ t'sBtllta muy d:k.tlcil~~ztE"ub<lC!fu ~> ~ po~' I!fJ muyalttis )r. d1$$~ll~~~(i~~ (la%J'{',y,o ~1~ tj:a:~f.il gran ~z<tF;;;~l~:i,5n. LtHS ~Q.rn~1~~H~( un, Pr'Q};'~~@fn~l: pt~rtt ,) cotlli~t;l. tuyen :La Vid" aUllque 0; ~d pllelt~~lseX' qOl,)tr~lad~s o 'lllmt:h~as IJQ\el i;;1$i'fiPO de ,.ooseqha qi,H'JI Ii~,r;j' €H.wlnflO~n~,!ll} d~1liJ bl~ cont,J:~ol~H'l~ (16 'Hlll(~10 (e1arb9g~HJ) iO pouoianuro tamti1$11 con una fJola~e:iQnOCH'H;l$$tlt!'t'J.dFJ .de~'Qteno~; '. . ,- -; -, -; , . - ; .- '.' eon 0: Ui.,~l,lE;a.nd@ ~~l"~ef3t~'}. :t~t')l'GIC"eM ri~ ,~['t. ~tBA~.©~~>tt~nd{}l4',i\ tf'ti~O~ poqUt11ios.~ htHJta ,qUfJJ e). rttgua ,'''.lue a~adici<:?nt~ qued~' s~gu'iuasa al)liQ\;1, ~(Ji aO~uQiO~ >l:!s. a~~ ov~1 OQfllb~~, ptllVef~~$;i.~9.r!i~ 0 ,'" I • simplfH'iHjnte ~dfl "~tf~l~n5i.1er l·~¢.lpie.nt$manuf;J,pl.e. ',.' . '.'- ,. ". .' 1];k'lg~n~!"a:l 01 o~)trt.rol ;bwtl tut..D${i) h~ etectuadQ eon de UPlii ,f;mf$rl:tl~dq,ld~ s flm&;;Cf~i1.t~ t't:H1ill~Me1.orj t,.~J.~Pr');~~}q) een _._•............_ . ~~~~---: 11 :1 II I! ! 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(,X;N'~:b1"'ft~1ill~$.P' •. ). !"r~ s~nta\lnl~I~t'(l~~.;lU$d~i»~ .• t,4l£ ~ it:!ltae$l$ha .(1~ .ta'3'tfld~$%d$t"$-~of1$!@:naa<l.~~ e·n1~~ I(;.'stft,4Q"fl Un1~()~h ~ayo '18:. ~i46. .. t$ ~Qr»mucb~ '<j!io f$n.).atJ vl~ji$. ~~nt$ '" mall $:»' a~ q~~ $b~r-u~br'-~' £i~~tkitit,~w> . ' lnt.e:m;;\ood.~nun~$ .., Jn$.~faql.1~ . ' .'if,'. $~ f>tr-tl$. ~~. ~ tali 'ft1ata3~$ ~}rQte~J6V!~QIS$~et~n.~J~~vj'.,., atQQada$. J~n1014, 1946. . . 3tl ~~sa~f'Q1IQ btr:rW4~re;l. . ' :v ,s$ E$ls~n.tral!l l~s, !I'UAt~$ Qtit-u111ert;m ' . ".' .....•. - t$.~n~~ U~~ .rao;rlltEll ~t'tU.dll.\ .~. ~b¢ Ja~d-¢lb14J) ~ .1;~ . . . Ob$f@r'VS ' .' '.' ~l,~-g(.ltIlIDi~!'t\O 4e1a~ p1antas. , 1~~1;~ ~l ~~t~lt'~n~~t~ ~~t!liHi~ ~J$~f,:1i'l~:~.'~ IP~ l~$~J).ncl~~l~:n$~ ~~bl~m~~~~~~ 't'ble~plan$ b.ret~r d~~~$V~.~,am')l,t' l~()~ ~l p;a1:~to~~ t!~ d~g!~an~~Q D~rma~~1$).~ q~~ p$;rJ~(Utm. ~K!Ot'Jil$$JIHlHijte a 1~ :plaQt~. 1\10$\012. 1946. '~!Qb$~r..&l&\ d~t ~11aeiS~~y ~b 1... ". ' ' .~. .. " . . ' ...' '. 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C~$1d,$~~$.n~~~~. brot~$Pliqti~J\l$1il~lr,ama~ -tl~r'~~ili. -, O@ttt'br. ~J)$1946. - l1an&~$ftnt~'h.~1~$ i)r~i;.,~$' :Bu$naa {iQl'~<i,~~1Qn~$] ~.~$~lu·tt. - ~$t~$$ ta4~ ~~~lU$VO ~in pa~arpo:r-u.~~).~l'1~4Q. ~.~ lj:$$e~t'lSO - c: ~l!:l$~b~.r~o l.~ pl~nt,,~ llob~:'~$~~r~~1dti) d~ _.t.t~" ,a''fifJ ge~$r&~, buenO. $~~~III~l1I;c.;L,~o$~r$1~d~iS't,Y~ue+t)~~l. ,Sf; pl'$- $$nt.Q. : ~U)a'q~~ O~r,~:l~,a€!~'d~AQ.~rl((n.tI\~!e • .. ~s f.\}~p~~le£1 :IJ.s.lllWn$o,Dlall.I:p'aan.0u·'F j1ui'ttit2milj9g~,~i~n~:nbft,$t~~~~ ·.$t1m$~~~2~ .~·~$U$· b;l0\j.t~$ ,d~. ¢@ril.... · ~Q:f't~:H,"$~, Qon. 1$ .tUlterl0r,m$rft.~4$s~r'lt$. , ·A .p~~~a" 4tl~·.~nOf'm.li~~.~·t14£\~ .4~ .p!'~p~~WLaa 7i dl~ fl¢ul~~.~~;t$()On q~\\\I 'a;~ha trQpe~~4c .':tfar,~ ·~~t4~,~),$~filtl:' . .:;~ ,v$.t~ ... · ~ul t.,ura~tt3,ot~ .~rapiOO$f'~$~ ;.,~~ .t;~S~~~ ,~d~ lffi;~itO~'p~O~l"" qU~deJ$t~V~~ nent$$J la metat~"~~.>$~n$.,di~tatl¢$a ,f'IWJ.at1· :t~p'~~~aJO$ de t~i;.olll~J~ra~l~~t,o.·~~b~l~~nt.eJe(1~~ dU~ldQsI)Cr~l $r~J:~l'l!€!p~ L. 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Un~ d~ l!1f4~ ma$ ·lntet'~$t:);l1.t~~ <Aeest~5 Vl,d~l~~~l ,1~ ,~.i~~~ l.QJh qu~ prQV1~!Hl~ d~ ,1a ~t'ti~a d~J.a Ag.T~s(L...i!J.~l.P;tla IN;!l'':\~d~4 Al'pbo~a~ ·l.a\!';.111$~ (~tU'!~). ) con leJ E$t.~ m~1tt1 pO$a~ • Q -\" Q (\) orl E ."" !\j W !::J S... o l:IVll\1i.I de la eapede llladl'e.Ml.l'@S'f,rlll un pQl:lQda slll\lceptibll1d"d a 1.. tlll~rASmosi!!. reahtencla ala RoJiide 1a nOJa. La varied<ld ;trgplg!l 2:!Q, 'lll! unlit de las mejoru 4escentUel~t.u t1a :La vid .aUosf.El:J d\.let.ha, libra d$ ~mterll'lIHlades y aus U'faa nesrO dolMllO. grandU 'dill IYIllldlanlll 'U....... ...'i UM lIat.a rcibul1Jta, pro.. son' ~ dulOEllI'il,' ---- pl$1 delga<la Y·I1I~adabhlllentlll$ulilve •. La var!adad M@tog. eli.ll:lna \:Iva de taml\\~o mediano, .' dlillesn£\bie. jugosa. dMl!lenta gl"l'll1dU. SOlS. Las uvas llIlldlllil .1Ild1a pull/;ada. Illtl' sElm1l1o. 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(;.om.!HJ.r.t. a 'b~ttrilt~\ttt$ b;1en :117 _ _ tr51:J lNJ O: .• !.(;.h.), 1 0 !tll~m$ qtlfill ~~): b!bx'icl{) . - / . '. '. $J...JA9r.~h!~ j{ ')k.",tl,!itp~E~$.,~¥Q'4~· 28-. La;ttvtlr.ied(td~)f3 lJ;J,t91jJ~. .J.£J.i, ~!~t ~i\~h ';j Bub l~. l'!ji'" a I2.Hl;,\!'1 t;JH:,l ~18Unu$. bt~ena~ f;;<$.tra ~tert?ft 1tteJ,,)raa :!(J!qfJ cna11t.i~:~d~~ f'wtH't1cm bal3tala t~~ha.l:(@4r'$;¥, ~~"~e~~'" _ i" • , ;- l 1. j",LLtlrU), il.A • ¢It}d~~,AUMI~1'1~'n_,w ..J. 'R~'J:tJPun,ee1$ O;f J3falffU1S (h%hneoltH3) ~n1cl oth~H" Leg~!j}~$ 'toL,en£~tb of 1i£'lY'. U.. ;,'} ..!J.A. tr~~h. B~ll. as? 194,el . , f:;lem~~rts ,o.f (~l"t;lP$ 'Grf,Ht/lng :1 n Oali!'iPr'" C .,~~tt.S ~ ~ v"eire II! 00 1 f.¢29 .. j~gt' i ~. ,,'tlU'i'~:n'J x~.J.. ~"u.~"~gi~Hnd'.:Ptl,~e[H301n l)lah'~a" 'and. a:Lmla. 'l'b~lck~,r ink $; O~:;i. 1918. CHI.L%d~$'J Ci8llfJuttQ NfI"Hlt';n'J, EPUCA·l'I(}l'~i~t., "'~I'H&"'" ,." I!NC. ~(5p~ak. l'~.Y" ,1~)41. " '0' ii1U ~CCH:U.ne Gr[;.'~p0£h 00. 194·2 • •~ ( . . I' J .I1. DE:Mi~!1E1;JjIi ~H&,d. J~tmJm!h G~A. . ,Co~1t¥~ol, of Gt'illoe :t)li:w~liuilleS statt.es. u. .1) .ih F«.irw. anei ~]Ultll4Jt£lj Jon E~stern Uni:te'~ f~ull. ,iY:~iHl~l,J,.l le~3 194~. "J,.L. "",' 'i'lU,'~', ,'r'rQJL10, al . ~rft:P, e,'., ,'l'!e,pr1,n't:.~d ·~J~ien:~. Mont,bly Vol. Lr."i;I" P~e., 19,(H>. j;'r'QrPl the GiIID.Ni~~,REill L. . Lfi Vide &r1.r.16r'tOtjgr~~o"1~~(l. del \t1141~ • . '1'a:Ll.G~o£t. ~el lJ1~ilrlQ :ILea 'l'tu"4Q~!' i~tH*tlag~t C'hi"" 1®:. ·194~3. ,Gi~17Nr';;,R~ ¥r.liii. fH10 ll~~~AlUh If1<Y~1J~)r!~)etand lfl'Mitin~5 of ,P1Qn;t;~'"ci~Contl'~led by the ~e~1~lth of ;0231. U.f3"P.A. . " ': ':r.ec1rllooli;" 1920. ' )U~,[J.1~L~fU!t f:1.,!~. g{ntes ontI'ropical ~ql1a'w:Lth ~ecl~l s~etet'~~nce to, tcl~~l~y~ri Boila H~bb$r Cu),'til'atlo~lo J(1ur. Jh.1bber Itt9~.ln$t. t:~~l~Yfh vol." &'$Q. I tor 1~}5~. liIWi!J;;£;:~;H, 'U.S).I:i.A. ~ 2,{I.E: Ii ~ull.~Q. l£Jit. ,H .E;. ~ ';1'. • Cl~mat1~ factow$~~n GrQ~l~g rlants. Cli:r~Gd'lle and Man. U.8 .• J:}.i~ • . 1!eetl'h()ck State {Joll. J,iiO~ ~ • J • .R:.,t;J!),d .t~.C.; lliff$cts of nrap~ f"ro(,:l:uctlos~in:New ·Yor'~. Ih Y. j~grie. Cornell, U~~lv.Ith~Gail,1;.Y. 1944. Grap<iil II! Q~~0t;(;1j,')gin, C~l1:fon~1a. eire. 116. 1947. l.eal' i)llgh,t :rech. ~:St~l" t~tb, l\llI0!' iCf1.~'~ JJ•.fJ.r,i,.iq, ,Bjjj"ii(HfU,H; C.A. Jt0ginn6~~ 17 It, trOd i.if~Jn.t~:ii:\,E. t~rape::j tor'~)lifet'ent 'li"f~f'tTI 'Bull. 1936w 1941. 'u",n. ;14. fiLi\XI1);10VjI Ji..{ie" ,J;is~olo8I$l V~~t,!ill. T'l',adMeoi.o~:l al J&St1'f,j1'ipl. .:' ji,. C "lL~$;'. ,i\gency ~;!O¢;. ,Xleap __ Lt¢13. t-ml;. E5i trlEi 5;;)2 Euen6~ 'jU.. l"f.H)I* ' l~"~" ' I ". - ." ,',.,' ",' \. ,G.t'a;f, '~ita Si~i~) 10[; "to Ij~:xm~ ~eri~tb ~nd <Ii':, " ltM2 • Cr©p • I!h ,do§rtj~ol of' OhlortH41~i in ,,!lier ioeH1 Gl~$"p~H'J. • ,i~(£rl~." :l,i;st. V'. Cb"'o.' 3!J" 19"11.