UN MODELO DE ESTUDIO DE UNA

UN MODELO DE ESTUDIO DE UNA PLATAFORMA
DE RESISTENCIA CULTURAL.
LA REVISTA CATALANA SERRA D’OR *
A Study Model of a Platform of Cultural Resistance. The Catalan
Magazine Serra D’or
Carme Ferré Pavia
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catalanas y edición periodística.
[email protected].
Correspondencia: Departamento de Medios, Comunicación y Cultura,
N%"+/#%3&3'&)!*+(,"%",-(&045?&'3,F",!&C;&H978O&5'//%#'$$%&65%$"'/!(%:?&
España.
*
K2#'&%$#I"+/!&#,'('&2+&!$,A'(&'(&/%&,(1'2#,A%",-(&3'&#'2,2&3!"#!$%/&3'&/%&%+#!$%?&«Serra d’Or», intellectualitat i cultura resistents en el segon franquisme (1959-1977)?&E+'&'(&2+&3I%&2'&//'1-&%&"%L!&'(&
/%&0(,1'$2,3%3&4+#-(!*%&3'&5%$"'/!(%;&P2#%&=+'&<$'*,!&%&/%&C(1'2#,A%",-(&'(&)!*+(,"%",-(&3'&
>%2%2&3'/&)!(2'Q!&3'/&4+3,!1,2+%/&3'&)%#%/+R%&'(&7888&@&3,!&.,'&%&/%&*!(!A$%=I%&Intel-lectualitat
i cultura resistents. Serra d’Or 1959-1977. Cabrera de Mar: Galerada, 2000.
Ferré - Un modelo de estudio de una plataforma de resistencia cultural... (pp. 111 -128)
111
RESUMEN
'(#$!& 3'/& "%#S/!A!& 3'& #'*%2& .'(3,'(#'2& 3'& '2#+3,!& 3'& /%&
"!*+(,"%",-(& 2!",%/& '(& )%#%/+R%& 6K2.%R%:?& /%& ,(1'2#,A%",-(& 3'& /%&
M,2#!$,%& 3'& /%& $'1,2#%& "+/#+$%/& Serra d’Or se presentaba como uno
3'& /!2& *S2& 3'2#%"%3!2;& K2#%& .+L/,"%",-(& 2+.+2!& +(%& 1'$3%3'$%&
./%#%=!$*%&,(#'/'"#+%/&3'&$'2,2#'(",%&"+/#+$%/&%/&$TA,*'(&=$%(E+,2#%&
3'23'&'/&!LQ'#,1!&3'"/%$%3!&3'&$'"+.'$%",-(&3'&/%&"+/#+$%&"%#%/%(%;&
K/&%$#I"+/!&$'1,2%&'/&.$!"'2!&*'#!3!/-A,"!&3'&,(1'2#,A%",-(&@&%.!$#%&
.%$#'& 3'& /!2& $'2+/#%3!2& 3'/& '2#+3,!& E+'& $%3,!A$%=I%& +(& *!3'/!& 3'&
.+L/,"%",-(&"!*!&,(#'/'"#+%/&"!/'"#,1!;&U+&.%.'/&"!*!&#'2#,*!(,!&
3'& +(%& T.!"%?& .+'(#'& A'('$%",!(%/?& 1,#$,(%& "+/#+$%/& @& 3,=+2!$&
3'& /%& *!3'$(,3%3& '(& /!2& %R!2& VH& @& JH& /%& 2,#W%(& %/& /%3!& 3'& !#$%2&
.+L/,"%",!('2& E+'& @%& "+'(#%(& "!(& +(& 3,%A(-2#,"!& .$'='$'(#'& '(& /%&
historia de la comunicación.
Palabras clave:& K2#+3,!2& "+/#+$%/'2?& $'1,2#%2& "+/#+$%/'2?& ./%#%=!$*%2&
,(#'/'"#+%/'2?&$'2,2#'(",%&"+/#+$%/?&%(#,=$%(E+,2*!?&U'$$%&3XY$;
ABSTRACT
)!(2,3'$,(A& #M'& *!2#& $'/'1%(#& ,22+'2& #M%#& ,(& #M'& )%#%/%(& 2!",%/&
"!**+(,"%#,!(&F'/3&M%3&#!&L'&2#+3,'3?&#M'&"+/#+$%/&*%A%Z,('&U'$$%&
d’Or seemed to be one of the most outstanding. This journal was a
real intellectual platform of cultural resistance to dictatorial Franco’s
regime in Spain. Serra d’Or wanted to recuperate the Catalan culture,
#M'(&.$!M,L,#'3?&%(3&.$!1,3'2&=!$&.%$#&!=&#M'&$'2+/#2&!=&#M'&2#+3@&#M%#&
$'1'%/2& %& .+L/,"%#,!(& *!3'/& %2& .%$#& !=& %& "!//'"#,1'& ,(#'//'"#+%/;& C#&
L%2'2& !(& %& .%$#& !=& #M'& $'2'%$"M& $'2+/#2& %(3& $'1'%/2& #M'& $!/'& !=& #M'&
magazine as a witness of that time, a generational bridge, a cultural
showcase and an element of modernity dissemination during the
2,[#,'2&%(3&2'1'(#,'2;&C#& 2#%(32& L'2,3'&!#M'$&.+L/,"%#,!(2&#M%#&M%1'&
yet a preferential diagnosis in the history of communication.
Key words: Cultural Studies, Cultural Magazines, Intellectual
</%#=!$*2?&)+/#+$%/&\'2,2#%("'?&4(#,=$%(E+,2*?&U'$$%&3XY$;
Recibido: 15 de julio de 2011
Aprobado: 15 de septiembre 2011
112
folios 26, 2011, Facultad de Comunicaciones, Universidad de Antioquia
INTRODUCCIÓN
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$%$'Z%& '(1,3,%L/';& U+& *,2*!& (!*L$'& M%"'& $'='$'(",%& %& /%& *!(#%R%& 62,'$$%& 3'&
!$!:?&+(%&=!$*%",-(&"%$%"#'$I2#,"%&3'&%A+Q%2&"!(A/!*'$%3%2&3'&#,.!&"%/"S$'!;&
<%$%&"!*.$'(3'$&'/&.%.'/&E+'&/%&.+L/,"%",-(&Q+A-&M%"'&=%/#%&$'#$!"'3'$&%&/!2&
%R!2&^H&'(&/%&K2.%R%&=$%(E+,2#%?&'(&/!2&E+'&3'2.+T2&3'&/%&.!2A+'$$%&*S2&3+$%&
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2'&3%&/!&E+'&2'&//%*-&a2'A+(3!&=$%(E+,2*!b?&.!$&/%&,(,",%#,1%&3'/&$TA,*'(&3'&
"!(2'A+,$&+(%&,*%A'(&'[#'$,!$&*S2&%*%L/'?&*'(!2&%+#S$E+,"%&@&%.!@%3%&'(&'/&
"!("!$3%#!&F$*%3!&"!(&/%&U%(#%&U'3'&'(&78^O;&4&.'2%$&3'&'//!?&"!(#,(+%L%&/%&
"'(2+$%&3'&.$'(2%&.$'1,%&,*.+'2#%&.!$&'/&K2#%3!?&/%&.$!M,L,",-(&3'&#!3%&1,3%&
.!/I#,"%&'(&/,L'$#%3&@&/%2&.'(%2&3'&.$,2,-(&@&*+'$#'&.!$&*!#,1!2&.!/I#,"!21.
K/& $TA,*'(& *,/,#%$& '("%L'Z%3!& .!$& N$%(",2"!& N$%("!?& +(%& 1'Z& A%(%3%& /%&
A+'$$%?&%.!2#-&.!$&'/&"!*L%#'&%&/%&3,1'$2,3%3&"+/#+$%/&@&/,(AcI2#,"%&3'/&K2#%3!&
'2.%R!/?& @& '(& '/& "%2!& "%#%/S(?& 2+.$,*,-& #!3!2& /!2& *'3,!2& 3'& "!*+(,"%",-(&
1,2,L/'2& '(& '2#%& /'(A+%;& ]%& $'1,2#%& Serra d’Or& 2'$I%?& .!$& '2'& *!#,1!& @& @%&
'(& 78^8?& '/& .$,*'$& *'3,!& '2"$,#!& 3'& S*L,#!& A'('$%/& tolerado& '(& "%#%/S(& 6'/&
.$,*'$& 3,%$,!& '(& '2#%& /'(A+%& 3'2.+T2& 3'& /%& A+'$$%& (!& //'A%$I%& M%2#%& 78JV:;&
d%",3%& 3'& /%& =+2,-(& 3'& 3!2& .+L/,"%",!('2& %(#'$,!$'2& .'$!& 3'& 3,=+2,-(& *S2&
$'3+",3%& @& 1,("+/%3%2& %& /%& "!*+(,3%3& *!(S2#,"%?& '(& Serra d’Or& "!(1'$A'(&
/%&('"'2,3%3&"!@+(#+$%/&3'&>!(#2'$$%#&3'&$'"!$#%$&A%2#!2&@&/%&1!/+(#%3&3'&+(&
"!/'"#,1!&3'&,(#'/'"#+%/'2&1,("+/%3!2&%&/%&"+/#+$%&E+'&E+,'$'(&$'"+.'$%$&+(%&
$'1,2#%&%&/%&%/#+$%&3'&/%2&3'&%(#'2&3'&/%&`+'$$%&),1,/&'2.%R!/%2.
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E+'&"!(&2+&'2#+3,!&.!3$I%*!2&'(A/!L%$?&%.$![,*S(3!(!2&%&+(&2!/!&!LQ'#!?&/%&
'1!/+",-(&3'&/%&"+/#+$%&"%#%/%(%&3+$%(#'&/!2&%R!2&VH&@&JH;
Y#$!&%2.'"#!&,(#$!3+"#!$,!&('"'2%$,!&.%$%&"!*.$'(3'$&'/&.%.'/&3'&/%&$'1,2#%&
"!*!&=!"!&,(#'/'"#+%/&'2&'/&3'&/%&,3'(#,3%3&"+/#+$%/&"%#%/%(%;&K/&"%#%/S(?&"!*!&
/'(A+%&$!*S(,"%&M%L/%3%&.!#'(",%/*'(#'&.!$&+(!2&7H&*,//!('2&3'&.'$2!(%23,
(!& 2'& ",$"+(2"$,L'& 2!/!& %& K2.%R%?& .'$!& 2'& 1,("+/%& 2!L$'& #!3!& %/& #'$$,#!$,!&
3'& )%#%/+R%& @& 1'$#'L$%& +(%& ,3'(#,3%3& "+/#+$%/& "!(& %2.,$%",!('2& .!/I#,"%2&
nacionales (desde una autonomía integrada a España, a la independencia con
'2#%3!&.$!.,!?&.%2%(3!&.!$&'/&='3'$%/,2*!&"!*!&%$#,"+/%",-(&'2#%#%/:;
K/& M'"M!& 3'& E+'& )%#%/+R%& =!$*%$%& .%$#'& 3'& +(%& "!$!(%& (!& "%2#'//%(%& 6/%&
"%#%/%(!%$%A!('2%:?& #+1,'$%& ,(2#,#+",!('2& 3'& A!L,'$(!& .$!.,%2& .$'1,%2& %& /%&
creación del proyecto nacional español (cortes, gobierno y ministerios del
Ferré - Un modelo de estudio de una plataforma de resistencia cultural... (pp. 111 -128)
113
*%$&3'&!$,A'(&*'3,'1%/?&2,A/!&fCCC:&@&=+'$%&2!*'#,3%&.!$&/%2&%$*%2&'(&'/&2,A/!&
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Cataluña representan a una gran parte del arco parlamentarioe&&M%@&E+'&#!*%$&
'(&"+'(#%&#!3!&'2#!?&*S2&%//S&3'&/%&"!*.%$%",-(&E+'&%&1'"'2&2'&M%&M'"M!&'(#$'&
)%#%/+R%&@&4(#,!E+,%;
PLATAFORMAS CULTURALES, UNA CORRIENTE
EN LOS CULTURAL STUDIES
El estudio del rol social y cultural de los medios de comunicación se produce
en un terreno de cruce entre las ciencias de la comunicación, la historia y los
'2#+3,!2&/,#'$%$,!2;&<!3$I%*!2&3'",$&E+'&/%&M,2#!$,%&3'&/%&"!*+(,"%",-(&2'&(+#$'&
3'&/%2&M'$$%*,'(#%2&3'&M,2#!$,%3!$'2&'&,(1'2#,A%3!$'2&2!",%/'2&@&2'&'("+'(#$%&
"!(& /%2& ,(E+,'#+3'2& 3'& !#$!2& "%*.!2& 3'& '2#+3,!?& E+'& 2'& 3'F('(& 3'& *%('$%&
amplia como estudios culturales o cultural studies?&'(&/%&1!Z&%(A/!2%Q!(%&.!$&
/%&#$%3,",-(&E+'&$'.$'2'(#%?&2!L$'&#!3!&/%&3'&/%&'2"+'/%&3'&5,$*,(AM%*&%&.%$#,$&
de los años 60 del siglo pasado.
U,& #!*%*!2& '/& 'Q'*./!& "!/!*L,%(!& 3'& /%& $'h'[,-(& 2!L$'& /%& $'1,2#%& Mito
678^^BVG:?& !L2'$1%*!2& "-*!& +(%& 3'& /%2& %.$![,*%",!('2& *S2& 2'$,%2& .!$&
./+$%/&'2&'/&'2.'",%/&E+'&'(&Q+/,!&3'&GHH^&.+L/,"-&/%&$'1,2#%&3'&/%&0(,1'$2,3%3&
3'& 4(#,!E+,%& Estudios de Literatura Colombiana?& 1,("+/%3%& %& /%& N%"+/#%3&
de Comunicaciones. El caso de Mito& .+'3'& 2'$& *+@& .%$%3,A*S#,"!& 3'& /!2&
*'3,!2& E+'& %"#W%(& *S2& %//S& 3'& /%& 2,*./'& 3,1+/A%",-(& @& 2+.!('(& +(& M,#!& '(&
determinadas circunstancias políticas:
aK2&.$!L%L/'&E+'&Mito no sólo haya sido una obra de difusión de lo cultural, sino también
un espacio de resistencia política. Mito, como producto de un grupo social particular,
#$%(2*,#,-&+(&.!3'$&2,*L-/,"!;&]%&$'1,2#%&.'$*,#,-&#%*L,T(&/%&3,=+2,-(&3'&/!2&"!(!",*,'(#!2&
E+'&#+1,'$!(&+(&,(#'$T2&.%$#,"+/%$&.%$%&3,"M%&A'('$%",-(b&6>%($,E+'?&GH7H?&.;7HG:;
K(&'/&"%2!&"%#%/S(?&/%&.$'!"+.%",-(&.!$&/%&M,2#!$,%&"+/#+$%/&@&2!",%/&M%&,("/+,3!&
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.$!='2!$&'&M,2#!$,%3!$&3'&/%&0(,1'$2,#%#&3'&5%$"'/!(%&i!$3,&)%2%22%2&.+L/,"-&'(&
7888&Els intel- lectuals i el poder a Catalunya (1808-1975)?&E+'&(!&!/1,3%L%&+(&
'.IA$%='&3'3,"%3!&%&U'$$%&3XY$&"!*!&a"%L'"'$%&3'&$'='$'(",%b&6)%2%22%2?&7888?&
.;OVG:;&)!(#%*!2&#%*L,T(&"!(&*!(!A$%=I%2&3'&/%2&$'1,2#%2&Lo Verdader Català
6)%2%"+L'$#%?& 78^V:? La Campana de Gracia, L’Esquella de la Torratxa, Cucut!, Papitu, Patufet y El be negre&6U!/j& %"M2?&78J8k&4$#I2&`'('$&lI2('$&788H?&
7887:?&El Estado Catalán&6<,"M?&GHHO:?&Destino&6`'/,&@&D+'$#%2?&788H&@&7887:?&El
Ciervo&6`!(ZS/'Z&)%2%(!1%?&788G:?&Cuca Fera&6N,A+'$'2?&789J:?&D’Ací i d’Allà
6l$'22'$$%2?& 788O:?& Imatges& 6 m$,%?& GHHe:?& Mirador (Artís, Sempronio?& 789Jk&
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de Serra d’Or es clara esa protección monacal, de una comunidad muy ligada a la
cultura, pero también se da el caso español de Cuadernos para el Diálogo&678VOB
78JV:?&+(%&$'1,2#%&=+(3%3%&.!$&+(&'[*,(,2#$!&3'&N$%("!&@&1,("+/%3%&%&2'"#!$'2&
"%#-/,"!2&.'$!&E+'&$'2+/#%$I%&'(&!#$%&'2"+'/%&3'&"!(1,1'(",%&3'*!"$S#,"%&3+$%(#'&
'/&#%$3!=$%(E+,2*!^;&<%$%&'/&"%2!&"%#%/S(?&/%&2,#+%",-(&3'&#!/'$%(",%&'(&+(%&",'$#%&
alegalidad, sin permisos de publicación, no se hubiera dado en ningún caso sin
/%&#$%3,",-(&3'&E+'&/%2&,(2#,#+",!('2&$'/,A,!2%2&#+1,'2'(&2+2&.$!.,%2&.+L/,"%",!('2;
UN ESTUDIO GLOBAL, EL CAMINO METODOLÓGICO
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"$!(!/-A,"!?&@%&E+'&"!*!&M'*!2&3,"M!?&'/&*%A%ZI(&*'(2+%/&2'&2,A+'&.+L/,"%(3!;&
)!(&,(#'(",-(&3'&",$"+(2"$,L,$&/%&,(1'2#,A%",-(&%&/%&'#%.%&=$%(E+,2#%&2'&",R-&'(#$'&
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'(&Q+(,!&3'&'2'&%R!&#+1,'$!(&/+A%$&/%2&.$,*'$%2&'/'"",!('2&'(&$TA,*'(&3'&/,L'$#%3&
3'&.%$#,3!2&'(&K2.%R%;&<!$&!#$!&/%3!?&L+2"SL%*!2&#%*L,T(&+(%&$%Z-(&,(#'$(%&E+'&
(!2&*%$"%$%&+(&"%*L,!&3'&"!(2",'(",%&2!L$'&'/&.%.'/&E+'&Q+A%L%&Serra d’Or en
/%&2!",'3%3&"%#%/%(%;&K2!&/!&/!"%/,Z%*!2&'(&78JV?&"+%(3!&3'2%"+'$3!2&2!L$'&2+&
=+#+$!& '(& '/& "!(2'Q!& 3'& $'3%"",-(& //'1%$!(& %& /%& 3,$'"",-(& %& #!*%$2'& +(& #,'*.!&
.%$%&1!/1'$&%&$'+(,$/!;&<!3I%*!2?&.+'2?&"'$$%$&'(&'2!2&%R!2&(+'2#$!&%(S/,2,2?&@%&
E+'&'//!2&*,2*!2&./%(#'%L%(&+(&.!2,L/'&F(%/&3'&/%&$'1,2#%?&E+'&3'2.+T2&(!&2'&3,!;&
Era, eso sí, un cambio de etapa.
4W(&%2I?&2'&#$%#%L%&3'&79&%R!2?&7J;HHH&.SA,(%2&@&+(&%L%(,"!&3'&%$#I"+/!2&.+L/,"%3!2&
E+'&.%$'"I%&=+'$%&3'/&%/"%("'&3'&+(%&2!/%&,(1'2#,A%3!$%;&<'$!&%(#'2&3'&%L!$3%$&'/&
%(S/,2,2& 3'& "!(#'(,3!2?& %L2!/+#%*'(#'& ('"'2%$,!& .%$%& 3%$& "+'(#%& 3'& E+T& M%LI%&
2,A(,F"%3!&2+&3,=+2,-(?&/%&1!/+(#%3&3'&M%L/%$&3'&/%&$'1,2#%&"!*!&+(&'(#'&./+$%/&
hizo dedicar esfuerzos a otros aspectos metodológicos. En primer lugar, una
'F",'(#'&"!(#'[#+%/,Z%",-(&2!L$'&/%&2,#+%",-(&.!/I#,"%?&/!2&*!1,*,'(#!2&2!",%/'2&
@&/%&"+/#+$%&'(&2+&A/!L%/,3%3?&E+'&2!/!&.!3I%&1'(,$&3'&/%&*%(!&3'&/%&$'"!.,/%",-(&
L,L/,!A$SF"%& @& /%& /'"#+$%?& 2!L$'& #!3!& '(& /!2& %2.'"#!2& E+'& $'/%",!(%L%(& %& /!2&
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"/%(3'2#,(!2;&Y#$!&.+(#!&%/&E+'&"'R,$2'&'$%&'/&3'&/%&%"#+%",-(&3'/&$TA,*'(&$'2.'"#!&
%&/!2&*'3,!2&3'&"!*+(,"%",-(&@&2+&A'2#,-(;&K(&2'A+(3!&/+A%$?&+(%&,(1'2#,A%",-(&
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3'&"'(2!$&3'&'2#'&W/#,*!;&N,(%/*'(#'?&+(&'2#+3,!&3'&/%&$'"'.",-(?&E+'&%$$!Q-&.!"!2&
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Ferré - Un modelo de estudio de una plataforma de resistencia cultural... (pp. 111 -128)
77^
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3,$'"#!$'2&3'&/%&$'1,2#%6, los documentos estudiados fueron balances contables,
#!#%/'2& @& "!*.%$%#,1!2?& '2#+3,!2& '"!(-*,"!2?& .$'2+.+'2#!2?& Q+2#,F"%",!('2& 3'&
pérdidas, tirajes y estadísticas de subscripciónJ. Para recorrer la relación entre la
3,$'"",-(&6E+'&$'"%I%&'(&'/&*!(%2#'$,!:?&/%&$'3%"",-(&6/%&(-*,(%&3'&,(#'/'"#+%/'2:&
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.!/I#,"%2&%W(&'(&/%&"/%(3'2#,(,3%3:?&2'&'*.$'(3,-&/%&LW2E+'3%&3'&3!"+*'(#%",-(&
,(#'$(%& !& .'$2!(%/?& #%(#!& '(& .$!.,'3%3& 3'& /%& 3,$'"",-(& "!*!& '(& %$"M,1!2& 3'&
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entre la dirección y los redactores, propuestas de la redacción y cartas de dimisión
=+'$!(&3'L,3%*'(#'&F"M%3%2;
En cuanto a la relación con la censura y las instituciones, se pudo contar con
/!2&'[.'3,'(#'2&,("!%3!2&"!(#$%&/%&$'1,2#%?&/%2&.$!.+'2#%2&3'&$'2!/+",-(&3'&'2#!2&
'[.'3,'(#'2&@&/!2&%$#I"+/!2&"'(2+$%3!2;&U'&3%&/%&2,#+%",-(&3'&E+'&'2#'&*%#'$,%/&
(!&'2#%L%&%$"M,1%3!&@&3+$%(#'&/%&,(1'2#,A%",-(&2'&.$!"'3,-&%&2+&!$3'(%",-(&.%$%&
'/&+2!&"!(Q+(#!&3'&/%&,(1'2#,A%3!$%&@&3'&/%&*,2*%&$'1,2#%;&Serra d’Or apareció
2,(& 2!*'#'$2'& %& "'(2+$%& ",1,/& 6%+(E+'& "!(& .$+3'(",%& '"/'2,S2#,"%:& M%2#%& 78Ve;&
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%&.%$#,$&3'&78VV&2'&2!*'#,-&%&/%2&*+/#%2&E+'&,*.!(I%&/%&(+'1%&]'@&3'&<$'(2%&'&
C*.$'(#%?& E+'& '/,*,(%L%& /%& "'(2+$%& .$'1,%& .'$!& .$'1'I%& "%2#,A!2& %& .!2#'$,!$,& @&
permitía decretar también el secuestro de la tirada. Las denuncias las tramitaba el
juez especial para los delitos de prensa e imprenta en el juzgado de instrucción.
'23'&'/&.+(#!&3'&1,2#%&3'&/%&$'"'.",-(?&2'&./%(#'-&+(%&'("+'2#%&%&2+L2"$,.#!$'2&
%&.%$#,$&3'&/%&,(2'$",-(&3'&+(&%(+(",!&'(&/%&*,2*%&$'1,2#%&.'$!&T2#%&3,!&.!"!2&
frutos, hubo pocas respuestas al intento de cuestionario. Si estadísticamente las
$'2.+'2#%2&$'",L,3%2&(!&'$%(&2,A(,F"%#,1%2?&(!&3'Q%L%(&3'&2'$&$'.$'2'(#%#,1%2?&@%&
E+'&2'&+2%$!(&"!*!&3!"+*'(#%",-(&#'2#,*!(,%/;&0(%&3'&/%2&"%$#%2&3'&$'2.+'2#%&%/&
//%*%*,'(#!&=+'&3'/&'(#!("'2&.$'2,3'(#'&3'&/%&`'('$%/,#%#&6A!L,'$(!&%+#-(!*!:?&
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#'2#,*!(,!2&.'$*,#I%&'2#%L/'"'$&'/&.%$%/'/,2*!&'(#$'&'/&.'$F/&3'&/%&$'1,2#%&@&'/&3'&
2+2&/'"#!$'2?&%(!#%$&E+T&1,("+/%",-(&*%(,='2#%L%(&#'('$&"!(&'/&*%A%ZI(&@&"-*!&
'2#%&'1!/+",!(%L%&'(&'/&#,'*.!;
K/& '2#+3,!& 3'& /%& $'"'.",-(& 2'& "!*./'#-& "!(& /%& $'%/,Z%",-(& 3'& '(#$'1,2#%2& "!(&
%(#,A+!2&/'"#!$'2&E+'&2'&"!(#%"#%$!(&"!(&/%&,(1'2#,A%3!$%&%&.%$#,$&3'&'2'&%(+(",!&
@& /%& .'2E+,2%& '(& !L$%2& 3'& /,#'$%#+$%& memorialística, de biografías, recuerdos y
epístolas.
116
folios 26, 2011, Facultad de Comunicaciones, Universidad de Antioquia
Y#$!&3'&/!2&.+(#!2&'2#+3,%3!2&=+'&/%&.+L/,",3%3&,(2'$#%?&+(&#!#%/&3'&G;GJG&%(+(",!2?&
%3'*S2&3'&/!2&%2.'"#!2&"!(#%L/'2?&%(%/,ZS(3!/%&"!*!&'/&'(#$%*%3!&3'&2!.!$#'2&
%&/%&$'1,2#%&3'23'&'/&'*.$'2%$,%3!&E+'&'(&'2'&*!*'(#!&%"#+%L%(&'(&'Q'$",",!&3'&
mecenazgo. Se anotaron productos, empresas anunciantes y espacio comprado
.!$&"%3%&+(%;&43'*S2&3'&/%&$'"!.,/%",-(&3!"+*'(#%/&@&/%&"$'%",-(&3'&%$"M,1!?&
#%*L,T(&2'&$'"+$$,-&%&/%2&'(#$'1,2#%2&,(=!$*%#,1%2&@&'(#$'1,2#%2&'(&.$!=+(3,3%3&
"!(&.'$2!(%/&3'&/%&$'1,2#%?&$'3%"#!$'2?&"!/%L!$%3!$'2&@&"!(&'/&2!.!$#'&/'A%/&"!(&
E+'&"!(#-&'(&/!2&.$!"'2!2&"'(2!$'2?&'/&"!/%L!$%3!$&3'&U'$$%&3XY$&'&M,2#!$,%3!$&
i!2'.&5'('#?&E+,'(&#%*L,T(&'$%&%L!A%3!;
'2.+T2&3'&/%&!L2'$1%",-(&3'&#!3!2&/!2&1'2#,A,!2&3'&Serra d’Or como empresa
y lugar de vida?&2'&M%LI%&3'&#$%Z%$&+(&./%(&2!L$'&'/&%(S/,2,2&3'&"!(#'(,3!?&@%&E+'&
era del todo complicado atender a 211 números y miles de artículos. Lo primero
'$%&./%(#'%$/!&3'23'&/!2&!LQ'#,1!2n&2,&(!&2'&E+'$I%&M%"'$&+(%&M,2#!$,%&3'&M,#!2&(,&
3'&A$%(3'2&'2#$'//%2&3'&/%&"+/#+$%k&2,&/%&.$'#'(2,-(&'$%&M%"'$&+(%&M,2#!$,%&global de
'2!2&%R!2?&oE+T&2'$I%&/!&*'Q!$p
La elección fue escoger determinadas secciones y a partir de ahí buscar las
$'"+$$'(",%2&#'*S#,"%2&E+'&'[./,"%$%(&/!&*S2&3'2#%"%3!&3'&79&%R!2&3'&.+L/,"%",-(&
mensual. Estos fueron los contenidos literarios, tanto de creación como de
3,1+/A%",-(?&@&/%&"$I#,"%k&/!2&%$#I"+/!2&3'&!.,(,-(?&/!2&$'.!$#%Q'2&3'&#,.!&2!",%/?&
/%2&'(#$'1,2#%2k&/%2&2'"",!('2&3'&%$#'?&%$E+,#'"#+$%&@&%$#'2&./S2#,"%2k&'/&#'%#$!?&/%&
música, el cine y, aún, las cartas al director, los editoriales, los dossieres especiales
@&/%2&.!$#%3%2;&K/&"!(#'(,3!&'2#+3,%3!&3'LI%&.'$*,#,$&1'$&"+S/&'$%&'/&$'#$%#!&3'/&
.+/2!&3'&/%&"+/#+$%&#!/'$%3%&'(&'2!2&%R!2;&K/&$'2+/#%3!?&"+%(#,#%#,1%*'(#'?&=+'&E+'&
en la narración de los resultados se citan unos 1.300 artículos.
LOS RESULTADOS, UN ENSAYO DE UNA ÉPOCA
Lo que la España franquista quería borrar
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'2"%2%2&@&3'&*%#,Z;&<'$!&/%&#!/'$%(",%&3'/&$TA,*'(&=$%(E+,2#%&2'&%"%L-&'(&78VO?&
después de las declaraciones del abad del monasterio de Montserrat al periódico
francés Le Monde?&'(&E+'&3'(+(",%L%&/%&3,"#%3+$%&"!(&.!"!2&%*L%A'2;&K(&'('$!&
3'&78Ve&2'&!L/,A-&%&.%$%/,Z%$&/%&$'1,2#%&'(&"+$2!&M%2#%&E+'&(!&.%2%$%&.!$&"'(2+$%n
a)W*./'*'&"!*+(,"%$&%&+3;&E+'&(!&3'L'$S&.$!"'3'$&%&/%&,*.$'2,-(&3'&(,(AW(&!$,A,(%/&3'&/%&
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.!$&/%2&3,2.!2,",!('2&"!*+('2&1,A'(#'2&'(&*%#'$,%&3'&.$'(2%&@&.+L/,"%",!('2&.'$,-3,"%2b9.
Ferré - Un modelo de estudio de una plataforma de resistencia cultural... (pp. 111 -128)
77J
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causa del estado de excepción decretado en enero ésta se restableció hasta marzo
del mismo año8;&K(&78V8&/%&%"",-(&3'&/%&"'(2+$%&=+'&1,$+/'(#%n&%/A+(!2&%$#I"+/!2&
fueron recuperados en números posteriores pero otros ya no alcanzaron a salir.
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preparación en forma de galeradas en papel y el director discutía directamente
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a los recortes.
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apuntara de ninguna manera a la situación política. Expresiones como “condiciones
especiales”, “peripecias históricas” o “circunstancias” eran buscadas con lupa. Ni
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.'$2'"+",-(& 3'& /!2& %R!2& eH;& )!*!& 1'*!2?& /!2& 3'/'A%3!2& 3'& "'(2+$%& "!(!"I%(&
.'$='"#%*'(#'&'/&1%/!$&3'&/%&,(2,(+%",-(?&/%&,$!(I%&@&'/&'+='*,2*!;
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(,(A+(%&%(!$*%/,3%3&'(&/%&./S",3%&1,3%&.WL/,"%&E+'&2'&E+'$I%&$'.$'2'(#%$?&.!"!&
sentido tenía pedir normalización. En esta línea, las reclamaciones de cultura
'(&"%#%/S(&6.$'(2%?&#'%#$!?&$%3,!r:&'$%(&1I"#,*%2&3'&/%&.'$2'"+",-(k&M%LI%&E+'&
3'Q%$&"/%$!&E+'&'/&"%#%/S(&(!&.%2%L%&3'&/!2&S*L,#!2&=%*,/,%$'2&@&=!/"/-$,"!2;&d,&/%&
/,#+$A,%&(,&/%2&"%(",!('2&L%,/%L/'2&6*W2,"%&"!*'$",%/:?&2,&'$%(&'(&"%#%/S(?&.!3I%(&
2'$&$',1,(3,"%3%2;
\'2.'"#!&%&/%2&%/+2,!('2&%&/%&`+'$$%&),1,/?&'/&3'2'("%3'(%(#'&3'&%E+'//%&2,#+%",-(&
E+'&,(2,2#I%(&'(&'2"!(3'$?&%&1'"'2&2+.$,*I%(&'/&%3Q'#,1!&a",1,/b?&!#$%2&'/,*,(%L%(&
1%/!$%",!('2&2!L$'&'/&#'*%?&"!*!&"+%(3!&'/&%$E+,#'"#!&Y$,!/&5!M,A%2&'2"$,LI%&'(&
%L$,/& 3'& 78Ve& 2!L$'& a/%& ,(#'$$+.",-(& .!/I#,"%& @& "+/#+$%/& 3'& )%#%/+R%b;&l%*L,T(&
tachaban toda referencia al exilio republicano.
)+$,!2%*'(#'?& /%& .$'!"+.%",-(& =$%(E+,2#%& .!$& L!$$%$& 3'/& *%.%& %& /%& !.!2,",-(&
(!& '*.'Z%L%& '(& 78OV?& "!(& /%& A+'$$%;& ]%& >%("!*+(,#%#& 6+(%& ,(2#,#+",-(& E+'&
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779
folios 26, 2011, Facultad de Comunicaciones, Universidad de Antioquia
"$'%$&,(=$%'2#$+"#+$%2&@&*!3'$(,Z%$&)%#%/+R%:?&'$%&,(2,2#'(#'*'(#'&'/,*,(%3%&3'&
/!2&%$#I"+/!2&E+'&/%&",#%L%(;&Y#$%2&,(2#,#+",!('2&"!*!&'/&C(2#,#+#&3XK2#+3,2&)%#%/%(2?&
/%&5,L/,!#'"%&3'&)%#%/+(@%&@&/%&0(,1'$2,#%#&4+#m(!*%&#%*.!"!&.%2%L%(;&K(#$'&
/%2&.'$2!(%2&E+'&$'2+/#%L%(&,("-*!3%2&2'&'("!(#$%L%(&,(#'/'"#+%/'2&2!",%/,2#%2&'&
,(3'.'(3'(#,2#%2&.'$!&/%&.'$2!(%/,3%3&*S2&!3,%3%&'$%&'/&*W2,"!&<%+&)%2%/2?&"+@%&
.$!@'"",-(&,(#'$(%",!(%/&3,/+I%&/%&,*%A'(&3'&"!$$%/,#!&"!(&!/!$&%&(%=#%/,(%&E+'&2'&
pretendía transmitir de la cultura catalana.
<!$& *S2& E+'& =+'$%(& '(*%2"%$%3!2& @& 2+#,/'2?& "+%/E+,'$& "!*'(#%$,!& 2!L$'& /%&
*,2*%& "'(2+$%& '$%& 2+.$,*,3!& 3'",3,3%*'(#';& K(& /!& E+'& $'2.'"#%& %/& $'#$%#!& 3'&
/%& %"#+%/,3%3& 2'& 3,!& #,Q'$'#%Z!& %& $'='$'(",%2& %& /%& ,(*,A$%",-(?& %/& L%$$%E+,2*!&
6L%$$,!2&3'&,(1%2,-(:?&%/&",('&2!",%/?&%&g,'#(%*;;;&@&(!&3'Q%L%(&3'&FQ%$2'&'(&/!&
2,*L-/,"!?&"!*!&.!'2I%2&%+#!A$%F%3%2&2!L$'&/%&L%(3'$%&"%#%/%(%?&+(&M!*'(%Q'&%/&
(!$*%/,Z%3!$&3'&/%&/'(A+%&'(&'/&#'[#!&3'&+(&%(+(",!&!&/%&3'F(,",-(&3'&+(&.!'#%&
como “embajador de catalanidad”.
K2#%2&2!(&%/A+(%2&3'&/%&/I('%2&3'&%"#+%",-(&"!(2#%(#'&E+'&Serra d’Or sufrió por
.%$#'&3'&/%&"'(2+$%&3'&.$'(2%&=$%(E+,2#%;&4&.'2%$&3'&/%2&.$!L%L/'2&%$L,#$%$,'3%3'2?&
2'& 3'#'"#%(& .%+#%2& "/%$%2& E+'& 2'& $'.,#'(?& "!(& +(& !LQ'#,1!& "/%$!n& (!& 3'Q%$& 2%/,$&
1!"'2& E+'& 3'(+(",%$%(& /%& %(!$*%/,3%3& 3'& +(%& "+/#+$%& $'.$,*,3%& @& 2,(& *'3,!2&
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'/&!$,A'(&3'&'2#%&2,#+%",-(?&'(&+(%&=!$*%&3'&*%E+,//%Q'&M,2#-$,"!;
Reconstruir una cultura
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los años estudiados dedica a la literatura alrededor de la mitad de su espacio. De
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teórico y de acción en cada una de las disciplinas. Ante todo, se trata de una cierta
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Ferré - Un modelo de estudio de una plataforma de resistencia cultural... (pp. 111 -128)
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La actuación de Cirici se enmarcaba siempre en una triple acción: dar a conocer
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genético, la semiótica o los encuentros artísticos internacionales se ponían al
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una cosa unitaria. Y cada mes sentiremos en cada realización, hija lejana de unos poetas
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Josep Lluís Sert y su difusión mundial.
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cumpliría con ese encargo autoimpuesto de dar cuenta de la situación. Porter, ya
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Pasolini, Wajda, John Osborne y muchos otros.
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,(1'(#%$,!&3'&/%&2,#+%",-(&3'/&*!*'(#!?&M%",'(3!&L%/%("'&@&3'#'"#%(3!&1%"I!2&'(&
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al escaso margen de actuación para el teatro independiente. Esos retratos de una
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120
folios 26, 2011, Facultad de Comunicaciones, Universidad de Antioquia
K(&,((+*'$%L/'2&!"%2,!('2&3'23'&/%2&.SA,(%2&3'&Serra d’Or se ejerce una tarea
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o propuestas. Se propone la creación del Instituto de Estudios Maragallianos y
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5,L/,!#'"%&K"!(-*,"%&3'&)%#%/+R%&@&/%&"$'%",-(&3'&.$'*,!2&E+'&=!*'(#%$%(&/%&
M,2#!$,!A$%=I%& @& '/& '2#+3,!& 3'/& .$!"'2!& 3'& ,(3+2#$,%/,Z%",-(;&u%& '(& /!2& JH& //'A-&
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de buena administración. También se publicaban textos de tipo memorialístico
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de Serra d’Or;&]%&/+"M%&'2&3!L/'n&.!$&+(&/%3!?&"!(#$%&+(&$TA,*'(&E+'&"%2#$%&#!3%&
forma de expresión no castellana, por otro, contra las concepciones de miras
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Las funciones de un intelectual colectivo
Antes de abordar las propuestas de las mentes pensadoras de Serra d’Or?&M%@&E+'&
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tenido en cuenta las preocupaciones y deseos de los lectores. Un punto a destacar
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de Serra d’Or&'(&'/&"!(2+*!&"+/#+$%/&3'&'2!2&%R!2?&(!&#%(#!&*%2,1%*'(#'&2,(!&
como punto de encuentro identitario. La lengua y la preocupación por ella
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Ferré - Un modelo de estudio de una plataforma de resistencia cultural... (pp. 111 -128)
121
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una cantera de políticos en la acción. Así mismo, podemos apuntar las tensiones
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simbiótico, entre periodismo y política.
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un amplio espectro ideológico. Entre promotores iniciales, miembros del consejo
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muchos comparten la circunstancia de haber sido jefes o gestores de instituciones
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)!(1'$Aw(",%& '*!"$j#,"%?& @& @%& M%LI%& 2,3!& conseller (como ministro del
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Partido Socialista.
K(&'/&'E+,.!&3'&/%&)!(2'//'$,%&3'&)+/#+$%&3'&/%&`'('$%/,#%#&"%#%/%(%&3'&/%&'#%.%&
3'& >%[& )%M('$& 6789HB9e:?& +(!& 3'& /!2& .$!*!#!$'2& ,(,",%/'2& 3'& Serra d’Or, se
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folios 26, 2011, Facultad de Comunicaciones, Universidad de Antioquia
>%/+E+'$&6%*L!2&3'&/%&2'"",-(&/,#'$%$,%:?&f%1,'$&NjL$'A%2&@&>,E+'/&<!$#'$;
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K(&78VV&.$!.!(I%&+(%&/'"#+$%&a/,*,#%3%b&3'&/%&$'/%",-(&'(#$'&"%#-/,"!2&@&*%$[,2#%2k&
'(&78VJ&%.+(#%L%&"!(#$%&/%&#'!$,Z%",-(&'["'2,1%&@&'/&,(#'/'"#+%/,2*!&A$%#+,#!&@&
.!2#+/%L%& +(%& %"",-(& .$%A*S#,"%& =+(3%*'(#%3%& '(& /%2& "%.%2& 2!",%/'2& "!(& *S2&
poder económico.
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*S2&3,=+2,-(&E+'&/!2&"+%#$!&%R!2&E+'&=+'&3'/'A%3!&3'&/!2&2'$1,",!2&3'&0$L%(,2*!&
3'&5%$"'/!(%;&>%(+'/&gSZE+'Z&>!(#%/LS(&/!&$'#$%#%L%&3'&'2#'&*!3!n
a]%&,$$+.",-(&3'&5!M,A%2&'(&/!2&%R!2&!"M'(#%&"!*!&%$E+,#'"#!&3'/&.$I(",.'&/'&.$!.!$",!(-&
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('"'2%$,%& .%$%& /%& 3$%*%#+$A,%& !/I*.,"%& @& /%& ",+3%3& ('"'2%$,%& .%$%& '/& 3I%& 2,A+,'(#'?& 1%"I%&
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>!(#%/LS(?&GHHO?&.;&^:;
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,(#'/'"#+%/,3%3& @& '/& .$%A*%#,2*!& 2'& 'Q'*./,F"%(& '(& '/& "%2!& 3'& 5!M,A%2& '(& +(&
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plazas duras de asfalto, cuando defender en Serra d’Or& S$L!/'2& E+'& "!$#%L%(&
entonces de las carreteras le había reportado una imputación y un juicio.
K(& /%& '#%.%& E+'& '2#+3,%*!2?& #%*L,T(& /!2& #'[#!2& 3'/& '"!(!*,2#%& K$('2#& ]/+"M&
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3'&]/+"M&'2#%L%(&'("%*,(%3%2&%&3,2'R%$&+(%&.!/I#,"%&'"!(-*,"%&E+'&.'$*,#,'$%&
2'$,%*'(#'&"!(2#$+,$&+(&'2"'(%$,!&,3'(#,F"%L/'&"!(&/!2&//%*%3!2&Països Catalans,
/!2&#'$$,#!$,!2&3'&M%L/%&"%#%/%(%;&]%&/+"M%&"!(#$%&'/&"'(#$%/,2*!&F(%(",'$!&!&/%&
reclamación de la nacionalización de las autopistas no son aún temas superados.
5,'(&%/&"!(#$%$,!?&/!2&L%/%("'2&F2"%/'2&"!(&K2.%R%?&/%&%$#,"+/%",-(&3'&+(&"!$$'3!$&
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De la etapa de Lluch como ministro de Sanidad y Consumo, el saldo fueron
3,1'$2%2& /'@'2& .!/T*,"%2?& "!*!& /%& ]'@& `'('$%/& 3'& U%(,3%3& 3'& 789V12 o la de
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123
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tensiones no hay reforma posible.
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@&E+'&L'('F",-&%&"%2,&+(&*,//-(&3'&"%#%/%('2;&]!&E+'&'$%&+(%&*'3,3%&3'&,ZE+,'$3%2&M%"'&3,'Z&
años ahora lo ha asumido, afortunadamente, el conjunto de partidos. Así como una ley de
U%(,3%3?&E+'&%1%(Z-&"!(&%#%E+'2&3+$!2&3'&/%&3'$'"M%&@&3'&/%&'[#$'*%&,ZE+,'$3%?&1'&%M!$%&
"!(&2%#,2=%"",-(&E+'&(,(AW(&.%$#,3!&.$!.!('&(,&2+&%(+/%",-(&(,&#%(&2!/!&2+&*!3,F"%",-(b&
6]/+"M?&788O?&.;&G8:;
U!$.$'(3'& /%& 'F"%",%& @& /%& *%A(,#+3& "!(& E+'& Serra d’Or& //'1%& %& "%L!& '(& +(&
determinado momento la articulación de discursos y proyectos de un sector, de una
"!*+(,3%3?&3'&+(%&(%",-(&,("/+2!?&@&3'&E+T&*%('$%&/%&%"#,1,3%3&.!/I#,"%&@&"I1,"%&
'(&/!2&%R!2&9H&M%LI%&.%2%3!&%(#'2&.!$&/%&$'1,2#%;&4&.'2%$&3'&/%&%"#+%",-(&"!(2#%(#'&
de la censura para generar un simulacro de paz social y política, las propuestas de
programa hicieron de Serra d’Or&+(&/+A%$&3'&'(#$'(%*,'(#!&3'*!"$S#,"!;
CONCLUSIONES Y PERSPECTIVAS
D%2#%&'/&*!*'(#!&M'*!2&3'2#%"%3!?&3'&/%2&*W/#,./'2&=+(",!('2&"!*!&,(#'/'"#+%/&
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'/&'(#$'(%*,'(#!&3'*!"$S#,"!;&4W(&(!2&=%/#%$I%&/%&.%$#'&3'&$'"+.'$%",-(B"$'%",-(&
de una tradición, su papel como elemento de conexión intergeneracional y como
3,2'R%3!$%&3'&+(&'2"'(%$,!&,3'(#,F"%L/'?&A$%",%2&%&/%2&.!$#%3%2&@&%&/!2&'2.'",%/'2&
3'3,"%3!2&%&3,1'$2!2&#'$$,#!$,!2&"%#%/%(!M%L/%(#'2;
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tiempo, el objeto de estudio aparece como poliédrico y rebosante de información.
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7Ge
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propia de cosmopolitismo en los años 60.
NOTAS
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catalana, por número y calidad de cabeceras.
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encima por ejemplo del sueco.
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para el Diálogo» (1963-1976). Una historia cultural del segundo franquismo.
6. P2#!2& =+'$!(& '/& .%3$'& >%+$& 5!,[?& #$,2#'*'(#'& =%//'",3!& '(& GHHH?& "+%(3!& /%& %+#!$%& 2'&
encontraba en Medellín, y desde entonces y hasta la fecha, el padre Josep Massot i
>+(#%('$?&%*L!2&'$+3,#!2&@&%+#!$'2&.$!/IF"!2;
J;& U!/!&"!*!&*+'2#$%&3'/&3'#%//'?&2'&.+'3'&,(3,"%$&E+'&'(&)!/!*L,%&#'(I%&O&3'&2+2&e;VJH&
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%A$%3%L/'&3'2.+T2&3'&/%&/%$A%&"/%(3'2#,(,3%3&.%$%&/%&.$'(2%&'(&"%#%/S(;
9;& )%$#%&3'/&77&3'&'('$!&3'&78Ve&3'/&3'/'A%3!&3'&"'(2+$%&'(&5%$"'/!(%?&i%,*'& '/A%3!&
>%$#I(?&'(1,%3%&%&/%&$'1,2#%&@&"!(2+/#%3%&'(&/%&3!"+*'(#%",-(&E+'&A+%$3%L%&i!2'.&5'('#;
8;& K2&/%&.$,*'$%&1'Z&E+'&2'&3'"$'#%&'/&'2#%3!&3'&'["'.",-(&3'2.+T2&3'/&F(%/&3'&/%&A+'$$%?&
.%$%&%#%Q%$&/%2&.$!#'2#%2&E+'&2+2",#-&/%&*+'$#'&3'&+(&'2#+3,%(#'&$'#'(,3!&.!$&/%&.!/,"I%;
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+(,1'$2%/,Z-?&'2#$+"#+$-&@&3'2"'(#$%/,Z-&'(&"!*+(,3%3'2&%+#-(!*%2&'/&2'$1,",!&3'&2%/+3&
'&M,Z!&E+'&T2#'&=+'$%&+(&"%$A!&%&/!2&.$'2+.+'2#!2&A'('$%/'2&@&.!$&/!&#%(#!?&3'&%""'2!&%&
todas las clases sociales.
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folios 26, 2011, Facultad de Comunicaciones, Universidad de Antioquia