El barrio de Lavapiés, laboratorio de interculturalidad

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Dissidences
Hispanic Journal of Theory and Criticism
Volume 1 | Issue 2
Article 12
11-29-2012
El barrio de Lavapiés, laboratorio de
interculturalidad
Mayte Gómez
University of Nottingham
Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/dissidences
Recommended Citation
Gómez, Mayte (2006) "El barrio de Lavapiés, laboratorio de interculturalidad," Dissidences: Vol. 1: Iss. 2, Article 12.
Available at: http://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/dissidences/vol1/iss2/12
This Article / Artículo is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Bowdoin Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in
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El barrio de Lavapiés, laboratorio de interculturalidad
Keywords / Palabras clave
Sociología, Spain, Madrid
This article / artículo is available in Dissidences: http://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/dissidences/vol1/iss2/12
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 
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 !"
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
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#!$%"&'()!*!!+"
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,& #   "-,).-"!  !!!   
 / )% .!/0! "/1 0   
"""/23,).!   "!!)"!4
!!/5!%&0!% "!0 !
!+6"/+0!+"7 """7)/!+/8
8!& #  ,).+"6!0" ))0!0
!9 :8&;!"!"/0!
   /! ! "+!) ! 
  0/"!0 ! 6
1
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( 6"7 /,).8 8! 
!&"" <+= >: " ,+<0
!."-!&-+---!.!- 08"+!)
/8! !   /0,).! 8
!.!"!" <"/+0! / 
 "+%6" )%!.!!60!/00
/! 0
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,"7!+"/ ,).0   +?@?@-:)
A.-0-,)A.- /& 8"+6/1 6 
++0 6 B.!7/! :)#6(
"/!& !   00"/"!0 
/!"/ +6!!8
!/&0  !886!&1 6
/6)7 A8 ! <
CD0 !%++ &0/ 8+
!+ ,&  0"E
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;% 7/1 60/%/"+%!0
"! &0"& )"+!  +
"! 8+6"-"6-0238:" 
@7&8&" -8! #  !&-E08
)6 !"!"7/18!)!6! 
!/1 -+23!) ! !+  0
 +-08!"/.6"--
/6 "
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)+8#  0""!%"0)!%   
"-)10)!!"+!-8 1!
/"7.! C0,).8" 6
"&%1+??+ ") "+! ! <
 8!/%"+!"6"!/1  1%
&" / "+  0!"/& 
2
!/"!")) 8 
 -)) -" 
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+  "-!&-!/ #  
" 0"!   0"+! !+)
<1""7  "% -"!+
!-" <08!  "& !" !
!). ! !<0/% ,).
))%! ! "%80!"" 0-!"
 )  !2%3+ ) "!)+= 
;!"-"-08 ;! 0 8 ++%%" 
"! "!-EF
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#7 + . 8"+% 1!"!&0
,). +??9""7! 8! !!9!7
/! 0"0!+/"   0! 
/!""%"+0!7"+!
  !0/%)1 8! " 9
""9"-) ! ) -+ +!
-))-0"+!!8"&+,).
<!!!08!+&!.!/""+!  
DDG0!+ 6"!  /% /!+ 
"+%!1)+ !8",).)  
"+  0" !"+!!6 "
+!! !"/. 1+ 6+  
!!" 
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A"+   ,).!7" %!% 
"+!"7! !0!"/. 
! "   !)!0 +67!H6!!
"+ !":+ /1 "%+/ >  ,).9
+&%8 7!I0"!0 /%
/+0!H/.0H)) 0H>=/0!9!)! /
3
/))!"!989"/!  !
 "!%!  
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.!+)  "/"1   "  !<8
)) .   /!.!/!  "
!!)08/ ""!
!!H+! 8  /;%"!    
 !  8;!/!!!0/))!5,
IJI0!"!!"! 1 / 
!  40!"!!  ,/0!H
!!H+! ! "! 1 !  0))-
;-4,K/0!! //!0=+ !)
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,%!! !!)!!+   
"!)!+%""6!7 
!6!!)%   /4/1!) 
"8 !"!)%
 +  + "/0  7! ) 
! 0"   !!""   
     "/0!)% !! ! 
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:"<7 ! 0!7-)6")-+=!"+60
;! 60 !)! /0!"/. "-)-
6%1 :!"! #  0)/% 
   " !)"!1)9  !!!<9
"7"+!6!0/"+  )0
/"!!6!!"/.08+/!6 "! &.!
8-!&-0-+--"!!-)&0!! 0
8 !8!!6! !!
!" 2C3
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!;!8  ) ! !!+
=!"< 88&7"7+ /!%
/0 <  "! :!"! #  81! 
4
!"/./!!/1!)0+= 0)& 
 /8)6 0" & )) !!
  0+""!%"79 "8 
!  9 !""! ! 0%+ 
!8&!   9!!) </!%
!!!!!%"" 9!. 
"7" ))  !+08" 8 
!8,).-"/ "/
/%  -80+=#!0! !
"!!+!)" %/  0 "F
!)%0! )!-L  M ) !  "-
+! -+&% -#)"!F +
%  )) 8!+/1!)!
-"/ -0&.!   -);)
!+ "!"!!"! .!+"%-,
   NFDHNE0 "+!% ,).0
/1!) +!%8& /"  
"+    "!!+ !!!6! !
!0 "7    "7 !
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!!;! !+)"+!0!)!00/!%
/0+!%08!% )  )" ! 
)=/0! !70  0 % "
! 0-/")!-)) ! 0-"
!-"+!!7 "!"0  
/+& )9"/!%+ /"
"7 !/9O%" "! ,).  6P
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7+8++0"0 +%! !6 
/0&  <!  /8  
"  8/!0; !"/./"8 )
<))!0/!8/!%K1
6))/% !" !
/0!"/.!!+ !!9)00! !98
5
!,)."+ !0 + /
8! !   ) !)!8+!
"!   /0!  !  6!" 
 ! !!"7!/! !% /
#7/!0! ,).!"7
!!8&)) 7!"! !! ;!:!). 
)88! !6!.""!!  0
!+%0!%  60 !" "
,).0!).  % !+% &
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
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" /! +%+";!0+&%  ! 
   8"0!"80"!!0/
 0%!/ !" 
  8 8!0-1  -02N3"
6 Q 10- .!H-GF!!;!/0
- .!H-!7"  0
-;%%- -!  "!+="  
 % !" "   !-0!"8-
" 2!73" ! ;! -08
+-")"!!!))"-F
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("" /,).) " !;!  
- .!H-!"75!!!  "!
! !! !! "!
/ /!). +" /!% %
"/8 !!0+"+& !)!0"+!
!!%H 0+0I HI 0
!. /0" !  &=/!)9
! 0!0 !+     !H;%
!!
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6
*.!788/0" 88!
/,)." +"7 !). )- .!
H-""7"1&% /0 -! ) -0
)10!+ .!01/ "%
"! )!)! /!-&%-0
!&0!!7!")/" ."!
!" 801 "/!!"0&/)
)"!"! !!" 
1! !&!6+8/!"/ /
90 0 +! !9! !0
 00!"!!"! 
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"+0+" /!%0!! )
/0 !"7  &% .!!! ))
/!++!&08" & !!:60
/!%+8!+ A602G3" 
A& :+!6,0)!" //! ;) 
()  *  %!(*0 "+7
 !7  "   + +0 !+ 
!)!) " ,). ! .  / 
)% "7! !0/  !%!
7
),/0"  !0!8+%,/;0
" +)!0!"!780"
& !%08  "!"!
! " !+0)+ "+!01
! % /!  ""!" !0 "7 
!+.0!%"!!0  +
/!  " /! "!0 < 
/  " !!" )"!
  /"!!!7 8 ,)."
! 8/   +! "+%
!", !A=!"0)6")< 
/!!6!H!0"6:+"R)0
.!!.! ! !)!5/6!
+! %-*)-))6!!H!!0+
".!!4"!8+6 !"!"/%I! 
!+6 S"<  % "7
!  8!! ! /)1
""& + !-!!-0  #B!"
-!6! " " - -;!
=" !0"+860 !"0
"!/-!1F"!  "!/  
"!/  9 ! !98"!&!"! 
/ ,).
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)& !"!/  "7/)8 /)
!0 0/ +" /!%0
!08 < !)! >  ,).#!/!%
)!&!%;  "!/18!I+
/!70") 6&) 0!!
"! "  <+"H/ +!"!
8)!8   "6";%0!)!
)!& "!")&%0) 
/  !!H178/!8
)/+"1!   !"/0
8
")&)")8&!
+0!!  
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A! 0"!/  "7/)!"7+ !!&
8!+!+" /!%! )6"0
"/"< +0!!!0  ! /
! !8!!1!/!%
8!!% A60 08/ -!
7!-",).0-& =!""!"% /!!
.!-0 /-"! L <M08!
"+"+ 8! 1 -4
!0"/+080"!0/!% 
/ /=8   ;)-!). )"0!"
 !/0""!0!%&0 "7 !!
7!  0/!"! + -,&D4)
<  ,)%8!!%! !)%! ! )!
)  <!% 0!"8"!&  
0!8!)+) >! 600  
%"! /!%! !-/!!.!-8 
!,)." 0!!< . +A"!
0 !) (*0 %8!/
"!))6! !)  +)/
  "7+! /
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"""0"!!6! )6"08
;8!"!!"7!%01!"/.   
! ,). <! R)0!  
+9! 0)%!)" 9
 !!68"6"! 
"  .! !" 08 !8 !!%!
""R)!"/.:+"0!I!/ 
)6"+!6!H! !"  0"
&;";) !%!,8)!
8 0+6 !!!" )!
9
;%!;!"0!!08!"!%!6!/"
7"! 8"! !1 !
/: "70"&% !;!6!0)6"
!%!!!"!/  
"!! ))"+!  0%8
"788K  "%-"-0
"!!6! +6 !!" +"+
0+ 0)! !8  !
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A,).0"!)& 0!! !%
" "!/  "!/  0!"/. 
!"!"!"!/+!"!"!/!). 
1 !(1" !!8
! "/1 C!+6!0   
1 +0!!  !6 !;!0"/
)/!)"!  !"    88 6
/86 60)1+ #  !&/!! 
 86! 0"!8! /1!)
""7!  !;!%",/!%98 
!)) 9+ ))!!%8
"+!  7"!H!0 7 ! 
%!)%'!0 /!%/!/
;%!,! !8A6 
86'! 08!! 0! /"

!0"/+01 !"!/  
!08"7/!/ "!!"!8
! # !!0"!
+! :!"!/ ,).0+) 0
!  !8 6I0! )6I0!)!
/!!H+! A1"0R)0!!
,).8 / " )) /"+
!!% 1!/  8!)!"
""!!+6C!"! >0
10
0 "78"+!! "!8
 6,/0/!" I+!+6N
!) ,  0>  @0  8
!+,/C08!)/  )  !"!"0
!8!"!!%.)  !"!" 
!+6G!08"!" !!
!" /"78 ! >
:+&0,  >  @9"/& !
,).0/)8/ !%  
! )6!;!" "! !
)/8=8 8/!I+
!"!!8. %/!,+!!!,).
="0 !/"!0  0 )
! !  ="=!+ 
>  ,).0!)!!) 0))
/ /!%  008"7"!!0/
8! 88!8!)  #!0
!+"%!6 < /7!!5
 <;!180!0""0
+.00!, !!0!0"
!0 =!"! ;! :8
 //!!!!,).0!)! 0
"0/)!   65) <N0
>  ,).+&%B!) :!!)08 
8"!!)!%!++!))
!) !)! ! !."! "!
%0"% 6   0> /+%! 
"! +)!!.++"%0
00 "7!0!%23



   !+8/!,). !7
 / !0+06-!!-0
11
80"+0  ! "  !//0
.! ))"+ + !08 < 
/9!!"!!)0+& !79!7! 
& %!!""! 60 
&% 0 )% 0! !0/  
!
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!! -+-0"<THB0-"  + 
+& -FD8  !   !" !). 
8- "!&230  0!" ) 
!)-FE+=0)!-"!
)% " 0% )&  ! 
+! !)  -EE
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+8! 6) ! ) ,).2F3
 -6;!1-A" 0/-"!-0
-!" -"+ 8-  -:+!
"80  0& "-,).-9"!"/
!  "//!/98 /"
-/!-*)):!0 0-."
"!--6"! -
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!)/8/ )!% 8
/! /8 ))68/6 0!0
!+!/!/!!+%0! )
8"! ""!0+  &8 
"//86! !-; -
:+"9  "-"7/+- /0;! 
"+!!6"! ,).0  :!9  
! )7/!!

 ) ! ) !+6/0!1!!8
) 608+)&)+!6+) 5,). 
"9 8 0%)/4& :+!6
12
,0  -/6!! !!-0 "7 "7//4
!  8/!0-8!/!-)!!+8
 !7 !%!%9& "!/  
!  90!71   /&!+61+
!0,).8  0!7!+ !+
/8!!7!"!/  

;;" !)+"! 8! 
-+-"-!7!-0 ."/" "
!"/0 6"++FDA0
- !8" !7"/  "  0
!" )  & !/-EE0-%
)%+    !/1!!+/8!+
;/1!)  !  -DF
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"/+0! )6+=0 !88!
 "/ !8!"7 !"!0
 !  !7-! "78   -EE
A 6 008!)%-!7!- ,).8!
) ! ) 0! )!)!0!!!
-! -"78-   -00/! 0
+   !H;%8!   +   
6,!)!"! !8!/!
)% /"!!!"%0 !  01 
! !!/0!7!+%:=60
"/+0/0!)!"!+6
,). "=! !  0,)."/! !0
0/0)) /! 0!!
%0 "!""!0" !
  !+%8!)!  1!  4
!"/.  ))08"78"! !.!
/! ) !)4&"+ !)%"%
)06"+ !4/08"78!/"! 
!!"!!0"!! :+"
13

A"8!)!!/!+6!"/.
!+  !+0+A0!!6 
,).  6!,/0+&"?
% "+!8!"/. 1  ;!,+)6
8!+6!0" 0!"  80 60
1 !  0 "=  <
! /!  08  "/:8
!)!!!+ 106!!"
88  " ! !/!00!7
!"/./  !06"/ 8 +!"/. 
. !)"8/""7 7" 8 6

+8!+6)"+! "+
!7+08;! "0/
"!!   /")  ! 
!0 &) 1!8!/;
/1!) -))"  -98!"/."! 8 &
! ))  +!+60!)
")% /"+"!0)  !)  1"
! /)  08"6 "%
"!"!7!!+6/  
)  &!" "U0 6!0+
!!   !0! 0"&8!0!
". 0"0 )!&A! 0" !!
+ !5 ""7/)0&0!"/.!0
 )"!" !"/.&"+ 
""!0/!/10! =!""/, 
;!16A+0)! ;0)"+!
8/  % /"/
8.)! ) 8! A& :+!6,0
!  "&8!A 6 8,).+!0
/!%

14
:8  !"  !+ !/
,).0! !;"=5!8))
-!  )! ++"-8)!0 "70-6"/-
"!!) ! A0! /!).
8THB" !"! -!-0  "-&
!)8"!!"!-DC:!). 
!-&-0/!! //!-+  "-8"!
&"!!0!-! !+/0
/-8 !-"+ -J),0!
T?',) ! ) !!"! +!
8/0+=04!)!"!"%!
8  !"88+"/! 4
))+/"6"/ )) 8
!"+! ) !)! 0% 
+8!8) ! !  
 ) !)+"!% 

!;%!6!"!   !% +8
!  ) !)  !  8 
6""% "7 ,). 6 8
+ !  !) !  !   ) +!"/.
 .! 8 6!)"!0)&8+"
+!/ 8 ) !)! !  0.!
=!"! )!60! .!+=)
7"!! 8!6!%!  !  
8!"/.! .!0 6% .!!"/0
"!0!& .! !%88+ 
!+!) "!   !%8! +
 !9 +"   "   )!+90
0/%"!8!!8/!;!%
"/5/0   =0% 0!
!"0/!"  0+"!!"+.0!"6
.

15
"/+0/!)%600!0
6!08 0!!!0  !"! 
/1!)8/.   )"  8/!,8 
+  00"+"! #0-!
!& - '"  '8/!' 8
! -  !%! 08
! !!1 !!!-0!0
+ !" ,).0!-!%-!+6"
!8   0!06!0+.!
 1  0 /8 6 <
8,).&1 67/0  /!
"! ! 0<8"7
"  ! <!+-!  -+  "
 !"+!0 ""!8
/"&%/ < !+!08)!%!
;"!%!6!!!8!0!""!!8
)"+!//;!"!""+8
 0/ ,).! "!1 ! 
7!!0!0!+!.!8" ) 
!0"77 8 /! .+%!,
/1!)   !,).0" 6+0-!0+"
!%0!-

,).!)-!-8- 23!23-!!6
""/%0+=# !F6! 
68 ! 8+8)) 
+ +*.!!"6!!0 
+"!0!! 0!!" !  ! 
  !+!07"/! ) !)
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,"  8/!,).!"7!70!!!0
& !;/1!)&  !!
60!0++,)"
! !5 ,).!&0!@+00"0
16
" /  "=0!  -!  -!"!
))98+&!1!!% !+9!=
"=/;%)"!!  - ! ) -
! "+!)0"/ !;;! 
8!0%.!/" "!+  0
!+!!    !/": "70! 
!!"!/5!+.00)%/5
""!
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,! !)!!7 80!  
 0/0098!  !!/
!"! !+6!!!/
;"!% 6!0/!=  "!!)0
 "!   )08;!!" " A
0,).+!")"!0) ! !
/)/)-;-) 6! 
!)!0 "7 !H!!8"!;/
!8.!!08!
!"/.+"!!8+!"!
;! ,).8;! !""9 6!.
!)!! & /080")"
"7 !0+! ! ! 
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! "+!!0"7/)"!)%0
!  6))0!0! 
!    0% "0 0/0
860!!0-& -+="! 
!) ",)& 8/!!!7+"+ 
  +"/+0.!!)&
!"7  ,).0"7)/ 6088!  "7
!7/ 

  !!9!&0 0"!!9!"+0
 "70 !"!)%"6! / ,). 
17
!)!0"!")    !81/
%"/ "!!" ! "!
/!7 "+!!0,).)! 
"!    +" +"  
"+ !0!! 8/ !
"+! +/8!"! #
  &!#2E3!!!0!"/.!!
-"6!-! 8  !."0 "
-!%!!283+%+ ;%! %-08
-2 3 ! )!%+!   ! "!
 ! ""8!  023"!
"6!0 ! "/&!!  !!-
)+ ! ,).!&8 ""7/) 
! !+/!!  :8! !. )
" !)  !-"+!-+! 
!"!"/) ) )"0 1 
! !!!) / )%
!0/1!)"! 8)!"+!/0)/!7!
"8--"78"88-)! -8!
 !"%0"78""! ! ""7+ 
808)/0   A!0"<
  $!.&02D3 >  ,).0-;!  ,).-08
+8-"/ + !"-!" -!%
& -0-!  6!--! -9"$!.&98
8),)."-V/!V!&%-.!
/80"/+0-"!.!/ ,)."
+-

"!" !!! )/!0 
!!1  7+% &5-"6!-8
!!&!7  !/& )"!" !"!!0
!"8!  /))! "//! 0
!0;! !+!"&   "!%08  
!8 & !  "7
18



!"% / +!
!6+ !!0 "70 !  "!/! 
!!"!/08+0
!0 ! "/!7""6!+=
@ 0 >  ,).0/ /! -!-0
=8+!&8+ ! 06!
/8 "!/+!/&"
"70 8&!  "+.=@ 
6"""<"< > "-/)  
-23

:8 0!)!68!!) !"
!"/0)!8+ &!6+!"! !
"+/!0!8!"/.!"8/!+
/!%)6" )!/0+ +% 
"+! //7"  &.
#  0"/7"!" /"!0"! 
%/78-+!+-)  "
/  !   "8./
"+! +/&%"# V70+=B >0!
""/ > 0-! !7-0"!8!)!0!
 6!!0))"/!/0
/   8)%! ,).8+!"+
"A0!"7 0"1

R/)"!!)"!!+ ))!
!+!+!)0"! " 0"!)!<0
8 ) ,)."+!!"+ 
"7"/+0" "! )"7!!& 
+!&  ! "7)/#!8" 
"!!   )6"!)"! 0 81! 
19
!). /!%+!%T"!8!
! !)!!7!)"!+& !!+!6 ))
!"0 "+!!!0!!08 
""1)/  8!  ! 8"!
!  
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#!8!""!6!"7!6 
,).!%08     " 8
! 0/! 0!!!! 08
 /"!/0)%)
)! &"7!%+ "!0;!"0=
!)"!!!/08 )"
/)!!!
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6 ."<0/ + 
  "!!"88)) )+.!0!
'+"=))8 !  0""!0
! !8!+0
"&!08;!!+  ++%A!
 0  !!688;!!%! )
+.!!0  !"! 7!"!"! 
8 08! +!!+   
"=+=B0!!  -!  ))!
/   0 "7 !"/ !0
+0;%!%!  ! 
!-08-"& "!!-GCA
$".&0"!!  !- )  !0+W6!23+-0
!!  !7/ -!.!0!+W6!23
!+-0"!!"-"!  -0
!!  -)) )  -
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B&  /0/!! ,).!"/./
! 0"6"8,)./)"!-"!!-
-"!.!- !" -!!-0""0-"!&-S 
20
!0 "!    "+!0+&%
"!!"!!/0"8,). =
-!!-08!!  +8  "
+ "+!+ 6087!  +
"!H+8!-" )! -
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"/+0!8!   ! %"!
8+,).0"!" /! !!  8
)"0"!  +0"""0
  !"! ! :/0" B >0 
-/  !  !/- 7/ -!!  - 
-"!&1-,!!   6 00"!!!
"!!"H;! !!"!&1"& !
!#78 -  !!- /6"/! 
-!!--!"%!!-  8
)))!+.!"!!0"&!). 
!!!!0!+7 ! 
 ! )" 0!  6)  -"!&-
!)-  "!&-7%8/!!!+ !
6+.!8"! !7!!
0"! 8  ) ! 
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!"  !!  "!  0
% /8/ ,).!!9%!
"7!"!"78+7"7"! 7
+87"/+0! "!!  "
""0% /6""8,).!! 6
)  8"&%1 +??8! 
??0!"/.80  0=8/ 
!! !0!!"" ,).
=8" / )  -! ) -,!!  0
)  "!0&"!&8//1! ,).6
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21
!!8) /+/! 1 67/
  # 0/%! !< "<0
+! ! 6! +?@0 ! " ! 
 +??0 =!!& !+08
""! !"  ! /  )"-1 6-0-!&-
0"7+% 60-!-"/.!0"/+08
!). /!" )  
" !!6A 0"8,). 1% /
1 6+?@/!/ 6!/!/1
%+0"!8"8/+%"
-!&-+??!  )  !+% )!
+! )0  "! 8
"-"!&1-:=60 ! !"  !%0 
"8!!=!% !/

" )!)8,). !0 "70!+
 !!  0+=  "!)
"!!   6!!   ,).9!
 6!"/.;!    #  0! <!!  06
"!69" 8" !0/ 
""!+ "!  0!! !!  8
)   )+  !! "!&1,! 
!;!!"/1 C0& !"!0/1" 
%",). !! !!8  + 
/

--0!!" !!08!7"+ ,). 6!
%1 !! /01 8+
608""!"7/)* /)0!!0"
!0" 023 .  /"
+  "X!"  8
/!   +&% !,!)!"! 
/!"! ! . 08!/1"/!/1!
 !" !)! 0"/+0
22
8""   "+!!!)!+7
!"/."! !1  !A0 /
)  !%"%!!)!!%! >  
,).

,!! !!)!!%! ,).
"   "+!+9"+!!)!!9 
!! +0!/!,%"&% "!)"!
!<!70%"" >  ,).0!"!
!/:% "+!#86<:#A!"!0
!,/+I ! "+!0
"6"86!"! !"/.!)"6!
"/+0"<@ 0!+-66!!0
6! !-08/1!)6! 
,,/!)!"/.+ "%"+!0
8!/"%/ 08
8!()&8":#  
// > 0.!+%) /+! !)%
   "  "+!0  "7- -
 +!0 +  !0)% 60" /
"1))&!)"A& /!"/+0
)!8!)!&+&!%
 ++&0"6R*$!%!08!%
8)/%+/"+!!!,>  
,).!"/."!)%?08!!)!
!%!"+!!%!!"/.6!08
! %+!+&%"!" )!
I  "1,IJI& !"/.!"1
"+!9/1!)!!6!H) !)"78!!9
"!80+ !0,K/  !
"+!: !!0%+& 8!"
+)  !%!!)! ,).
)"   ))00"7!"!0+!)! 
+"+!8+ ")&"  
23
"+!08.!))  /4"!8%
8  !)088 "/

-1!-8!&"   "+! &
8!!!"!7"!@ 0
- !/+%"  02.!3"/-A.
=/"@ !"/.8!)! > -23/ 
 +%!/) 82"+!38!02/38.
! ) 8-@ 80  0/"8-" 
6!- !)!!%! "+!" !9
7!"!"!/98.!=!"-"77-
R*$!!0.!00""0   
"+!

"/+0;! ""!! /%!! 
"  "! "! , ;!16! 
+/ A! A<0"/ +&08
6   "+!0 !0! 6!0/
0!"/.>  ,).0 ")&%  0
!  !+8)!!0"7"!!
"!%H!!8!"7 G

,     "+!0 !  "7!  
8!/!!0! "+!--0 !
+&   <23 )"  !%"#  0
K0@0#0!-- )!!+
)!+0"! " +&% !)
"+!98!." !)!). 
+-A! Y-,08 "7"/0
0  0)!;!6!+ !!
"0" 8!)+/" < $!2C3
! !)"!!)0! " K
+%+&% 8"+!8/  <  
! C  ""<08/6/ , 
24
;!16:8+&" <!6 " +&%
! "+! !%0"! !  
K

8 /0 "+!!
)+! !!!+!"   !)!
!%!0!)!"+!0"+!+0!!!
I //1!)H6! 
" "!!"/!!+ !%16 +
+=S !0+  8"+!
!6 -/ /"0"!)0!+! 
2!83!+!  +-!!/8
!% !) "+!--8"/ 
+   ! ""+"/+08%! 
 )/ "+! !+)/  
8)& ) !)0!% ! 
6! !+=B >0/=8  -!1 " 7!-
 !8&8! ! "!
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!0!) "+!"7!&  + 
!)!"+!;"! !!+6!
!%!0  867!0+=@ 0
-% "!- !,+&% 9+ 0!
)&0! &8 791780+8/! 
!)! ,).0"7!"/  "!!)/=8  
!=!"0 "70 8/1!) !/
0/68. 6+&%0!%!--
!/%-%!!08 -!"/0!"80
+=@ 0+"+!"!!6-"!-
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 8!!)  "!!""! +
"  0+=@ 0-+23"  ) 6!-0"/ ! 
-!-"   /! !0-!
!)1!-0!8"/8-+ 6!"" -
25
 /! !6!! !@ "!8
;!- "%-)!! ! ,>  
,).-!7/ /-0""!  
+-! -8 +!!)6 
"%! !/1"! 8+!!)
!!80/)) ! "!6!
"%!*/ "-"+%--  -
!/-&! /%-:=8 0+
@ 08"/"  !!/1"!0-8
 !!-
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"/+08-- ,).!")! )"7
!!& 8 )!"!"/8)
"/)! !!!%  0
"!0 ;!! !-!-"-&
! /%-! "   !)!"+!
!%!"10"/8 7/!! 
/!%!" " )6"0!  "   
! !)"6!"  "+ "!!  
1"  )  ,/   8! !). :!"!0
+!"+-" &%-00+!% &0 "7
/   8!! ,).8 !   
;!"0"7 -!-"=! !)!0!! +
!%!""+!06""+!""

( &8! ! )6-!-"
%  +  8;!!"/"  0"+!
+&6!=")"!""
) +&%"""!8")"! !)!
!%!08!"!"!6!8!+
)!&+/"" #I+!!0
")"!""!8! +0
 "78!). =/"-8!
 ;!!48!"    "%
26
8")6!" +)48!"  !!
8!8 8.8 /! 08.8 /
;+ X!0 !)0 !+"   -;
: "70"  #6=B>)0")"!- 
"/"  8 !)!1!0
!!!)" !0)!6 
"!0"""  01!   -0+!
-"! "!! +Z"!!" -G:6
0%)!. ")"! 7"  "+! 
,).+&%6!8!98+9
)!!0!! 81  !!,
   "+!! " "!6!0"
 <"1!"&
!" &)!

 ) /! ."/")"!"1+
!8 =! ;/,).( 
! -""! -0!:! [/+08 "
!!8-! /-08-"!!"!
;)6!" ) ) !--"
6!!  +="  !-ECR!!=! 
-!-0! -1!"! " 8
!+! "   !!!! ! ) 
+-N" ! "/!0 6 8
"! <-""! - !)"+! 
#  !)!"+!8!08 !%!!+
I% /1!) ""/!!8
  -!-"! !)!!%! ,)."
;  Q0-" !!%"!!
%!""!5 )% !% !
!!%- 0+  ! / 
""!! "%8++
 "!!!!"!! 08  /
27
)""!!)&-!-"" !
/"/"   !)!
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-!-"!0" -""! 
-0")"!"+! +!!;!6
,).0+8"<!%!08#!
" - !   !-AQ !!E!- !  -0+ 
!% %!7 ) !+"!& 
%+  "%0! - !  +!"& -
!! "!08.!! ;! &
"%,- !   !-"- !   !-!).
! %  !"
!!/ "A"  "+! ,).!=
 !  0  08 +6!
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:60; >  ,)."")"! /
8!"/."   "+! +"/+0
!"/.>       "   "+!
!!)! !: 86! 
!0) !"!0""86!!0
!"/.!8!)%6!/ ,).!
""786! ,&6!!! >  
,)./"  +  "%+0   /8
!)""7"8! 0886! 
"!!6" /"!0=6!/0""0=
,> /0!!!0!8!+.
! "+.+/
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*!"% "  "+!")"!0%
)!!+! !)!!%!+!&0!08
  & ! ""#!0!"
"/0! "/))"-+ - 
-! -8;!/ !" #)"!D
!80"! 0+  !  ! 
28
7"7 609""@ 9+  7"
"/+0!"/.!!8! !" 
8 !&08 !0"!!
;%)6  0"!. "/1!H!7 
!"0! ! !!!"7!"7 +
;!!00 !!& ! 0 
"!   !&! -!-"!
!). % !% ! "  
!/18;!/9R*$!!0")"!"!! 
>  ,).0 "+!0   "+!9 /
+" "! !!+"
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A!0+   !!16  "+!9 0
"!   608   !69 
8)) ,). +!
")"!+& 0O%" )!& 
%  ! 0 !"6"!%  P
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A !+!0"%)8! !!
  6"!%   "!)08 "
 " 8!   6 0% 
"!   !"!"! ! !%
   0 )!! ")"!!)
#7/0! !." /6"&!  """7
;/0 "70 %!5!!   %"
)  !%  9!  """78 )!
9 0 0)!)    9
 "!   
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,6! !%  !":!"! 
#  !& !/75"0 6!
)60   +=-" !"/"!)!
" )".! !! !%-!7 
"-!!!!!0!). &
29
!)8" ! !%08! !
+    %!"   
+!=/-+4+ 07!8)! !
 "7801" !8)%
/!!! #  "   <N08
)!/) +!/&06 
+!8:!"! /6   !0
) -!%-!!0/16"4!0%
+"!" ! /! !%  8
"! "!+6 ! @! 
"%"" )! 0""!8
" !2N3!7+ !!H!.! 
;%    6!0   -!-
+/ "  0! )8 /
/ "!+!  ! 
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,!)! >  ,).980!0&!+%"!
!8! -)!- !!  :!"!
+!."9! !%   "
 "!!0"   6!"!)  0
!!  "! ! ,).0!!
 "!!).  "  ;
  0!! 0/" &0+
 I!H+! 8
7!/1!)!06!
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!0 0%98    / 
,)./1!) A @! ! +!
""! ! +!& 90!0%  
>  ,).98/)! + /
!)  +%! <!H+!  %
6!98 +/=8  ! !%8 
)0 0  /1!) " ) +"+!A
!0"8!"!)&)/1!)0
30
"!0!). .!0!0 +
/00  0 +!  7!B 0
-!%-98 "69 !!)  !
+& !  0=6!!"7/  
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<DDD0-""! -9"!/"!/! !  0
""9 /! " !%08 6
/ )  !"!,).0!H+! 
!!<0!) >  ,).0!%:!"!
! !!H+! /08! 6/ ! 
0  88!%"!/6      !
!H+! ,K/0,IJI0,/0!!!"
! !%"+!0   <0!
8<0"!>  +& "+!"0
 " :#0 "7 :#:,:% #1
#860#:,@::% $0::% "+!
+0:K:% "+! K+ 0BR:B!R+& 
)! :+=  $!.&0 ! "!
8/1!) !   "8- !% !1 
Z8!! 60  "1!"+!0/ 
" /))-A0-230" !"0!! 
!%-X ! %8 6/ !!
!H+! 0 "70!!!!! "  ) 0+0
!0;!6!A""88>  
,).0!"  "+!!"7"!!
8!!0 /!!!")  "!
-!--!1 - /0! 68/! ".! /1!)
80!"/.0 6! 
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/"! !!8)! 6!
"! >0 7!0 )
"+!07!"!+ !)!:=60  8
 >+&!)
   /0 +"%! "10!)  !
31
< !   +0!!8!!!!
!"+"7" !0!)+0
/;% ! !! /08 )
!"/.""/%-"!!-8!" 
!" 8/!!  
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,)!   !6"!8 "!DDD)
/  !-/-0>  ,).! !"
!+B7/ / &9 "! " "!
  /!"!)6%/!"!9)!!H
+!  /0"!8: "!%!!. 
"8"!!6! A 0>
6!80 )0+!"!% +
8!=/0"/!!  < 8
 6+  .+!!) !
"/+0"!  ;!0!)!
!% > 0  "+!
()&"70> 88  -/-+ !" +
!6! 0!878))0
.!  0!=!!! !
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!! %! !!+/ "+!
/0!"7"!!8 ) 0 /)"
"!&% ! !%0"7/"68 
)!&""/6 " 78
!% "+!) 6!!  ,).
"/"!!+  6" *I>0
  6 / 1 )"-%--"  -
! "-"-0 0"-   !
%!! !!  6"
%!2  3-! " 8! 
  DD6"0+B+"!8  6
  ""- +-"--8
!!+" ) !7-) 6!-0 0!
32
-  6+!)--/!!)!&-08-""/ 
"  /)%  !- 08. 
!   6 / 1 /-"+-
!-"07!0+  !  - ) ! G
 !)!)0! +6! "+!,).9
6"   #  ! <+9"/!8
 "- !   !-#7/!0-!-8
/))!")"!& !
!!)"!./1!)     0!0" 
/1!)9! -""! -8
!/0)) /-  - 
"!+  !%8+")"!
+6!08 %"!"!!0 /"!H
!+  )!")"!!). 1 
!%    !!)0!%
8  608!+

) /0+=T+0"78-))!;!<-CF0
)) < ! -"   ! 
/+%"- *I>DD0!)& 68,).
!)! > !)!"+! 7! !
" 6!)/1!) !!0!"8!"/. 9%
-! -!"/.-/+%"-9!" "! 
+/1!)"=%6 78T+" -!""
!"  ;!<-0"/!!). -  -
  )"  !CE!"-  -
!!0!6 7!!"/.)"  !+%
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," 7 !+%08!"/."7) 0!
" 8   + !"+.!8
.+  /"!" "!.08-;+23
)6)H!8)! 6+
%&).!-0" !"!!!
/!7' 08 "!"!%=/  )
33
!0" !+=! ! & 
" ! !0"8!  ;!-"! 
"  !-! +  "+!088)+ 
  .!!IC8 0!  
"/" ""0"6" !=/
+!&/! 6!  ) 8"0-
/%81 !  !+"%/!"!
" %  !" +&) 
  ! "+%&2!+!3-K>&0
!,C
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( %"7+! !+%/0!8!0
  -+   )  -0 "-%  ! 
 "%+&% +-"!! 
-) )  !) )  !   -N
!!  ! " 8!"+.8 
8)!). !!0!+%-
+ ++ %!% "+!) 
%" 6 + 0" !!%60
)!;%-)N
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"/+0!="71! !+%  ! )!
!!  0!;! !!  " !
!+%)  !  */!K/08  -
1! + )    !1!=/
"=- 0- %! ;%-08
-!+% !+!0" ! -C4
)<   !+%8,).! /! !
!;!!!  !  ""0
8 -=/"=-8!+% !+
*!! 8+ "   ,).-!+-" 
"! "70  ) +6 !
"  #7/0!! 8!   "   /
34
&-=/"=-9 !!  98 
;!-!+-.
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R/)"!0!  !7 !!   
"%  !"+!8"%#  ,).
!  0""!"/. !#  "!
!   "% )!/ : 60
;!" 0$! !) !!/ 
%  !  " <0H% ,)./!)1
" +!% !08 !'+.!"7
""!)/%8 !!)/0!"/.8
 +"! 7!"/0!  "!)"%
008 !!!  )& "%
! 7 !)/  )& "!&1
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X&7"7"!!/!) !+%" 
!!  8)!7&!6+&!6!0
"  ")"! !"!")"!
!"% !008""0!" ")"! 
+ !+%
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35
"+ 0""!08! &8!!=/ 
,). !!+%!-=/"=-0)8"
% &"!)!/ ,)."
60 .!0) !!!:
 +!)%65/!%/ ))
/!++!&!"8!"!;/"
!) </ )+4!)!
!H+! 4))!/! 0!0! 
!0+ !4)6" /+60! 
!!,;! H!&0 H;"!0!
!" / ! ""/!8.%!
#78!&!6++)!!)
! 6""0 !&!+7 
!!  "/
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 " )8/!%  ))+!&/
!8+!"/. +!%08!!" 
 ++"78""0"6 /6//  
8!)"6! /))!"/.!6!8
08""+! "  )
))  !%+6!!=!" 70!)&0
!"!  ! 0!1"  )   
)6"0)! "  "+!)  !+! 
!1 0!6! ,). 0" ,).- 
! ) -
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
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"! 8;%/,).0! !! +%
!)=!0/!7!")"!,=8 
!!! ""!6"8"! )%
!!0"" "!;%!!6!0
8;%) !6"8 "!!
)00"%!"/!""!6"0;%/
36
/ " ! 6>" S"08! %
!!"7""  "!- "!-0--0
- --"+!-
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6S"8"!8-! "!-0
 8-"  =!)!
""! !-A!!0-"+!-888
-!"!!. )+ )06")7!
-C
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,).0&- "!-"!!)% ! !).
/!%/08!)% !")!) 0
!!"!-"+!-0!%-)-" 
"!"   "!  &7  0 !
! ! 0!7"!- -08,). 
"!+-!"-0! )  /8=
  ! 8!7" /"! !/& 
"! )!+=+!- --"+!-
8 +/ "8 88  ! 
;!+ 0"/!+0&
-"+!-8!   /)0! "!!
/)%!! /
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+/8%!! !"!!07"/!
/006!0!%+A)!"/.!!8
;!8,)./!" 8"/ 
 "!!"7/!8! 
!" 0"!9!)&")&00"0
"7&89 60!0!+;"!"  8
 "!" )!)8;! "0!!
,)."8!""0  0!7
 ,).0!"!!!!0!0! T
!!  8"+ 0 8.
"!= 
37
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A 8"+!0 %0%!A,).=
/   !))"6!
"!."!%+8!0  8! 
8   !"9+)! !+9 +=8
!-""! -8/+ 8 "5
"!1  0!6!8""7
 /  !!  
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
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23!" ! !/1 )!+%"7"8
)/"+:!7&0 ()   !+ 
!!;! ." ! !0"!" 
!!  ! <0/1!) & 0!
! !!0!" "!      <
!"7!8/!%" "+%!
!!8";/%"!!   ! 
 !" ++7!"7/8
0  "! )! !
"!/& + ;8/ 
//" < ,).!" ! ))
&!"/NA! !!/1!0"!%
>  ,).   "+!0+ "!
/%"! 0&  !/! 
/!8!/1'!;!)
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23#1 6)"/1""/
!0 68/ ,). "/ 
-"-
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2C3! )%+0!!!0!0!7/ "
+""!K1+=! /! " )%
38
!A!0" !)!!%!8 /
)) .  "1%)!"/.) ! ) ! "7
!! ;%0"" 6  1 "+!
!8+ /=!"<08" < 
"!"/+0!;%+ 8  
")) ,).8"8
/! / !"! )   "!
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2N3 !;!)! ! +..886
! !  !
2G3!/.  +?@+   
0  . &
23)   $!.&0 >  ,).0"! ."
 /!-!"!-/0.8"&)%"  
--!!,).
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2F3!"!,).0!)!."!!
! "  8"!!!)!)/
"! /8 6!)! 8!!
"/!+6,)0 "708 +/ 0+
+ )6 ,"%/ :/!$60""/ 
>  ,). + H)!!).
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2E3:6 /6 !"!)!!"+!#0"
)!+%/! !!  !"/.! /
   #
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2D3 !   $!.&0@ 0B >0S 
!;!6  !)!8!!)!!)! !
6 H!"/N:+ &!"/.$!.&!
"!!/  !
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39
23"!)!@ 08/--"
! "7()&8.!%&0.""/%/!
860+ 8!)!-/) - 
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23>;% "+:!7&
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23+=7 + !!00
   \ !!"+!--08+!
%+6 FE\B >
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2C3#+ "!:/!$60""!+
      ! <
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2N3<)!0! <)) )  "! 
7" 0/+ !  6+%
, : !/ DE! 8)"!<
", @! " % "
+&!!) !"! 8!
!!7" 0) 7" 0
"-!-
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
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-+!/!)#  A!%  
+   -#  5:!"! #  0G
K/0*/!A"=! )  K5$ 0

0+-! !! !!-0 
 !A! !!R; 5KIQ0DDNDHC
!0#  0 "0",; :
)#  #  5+?? !0DFF
HHHHH#)"!/C "! #  5+?? !0
DFF/
HHHHH,   @ , "% %) #  5
40
:&0
HHHHHAQ !!# 0#5KIQ0N
!0#,V)! 8! A0$" 0DD
0.,) ! #   +?@#  5 ,
,/60
  "5J!A/+0DF
B>)0#6=0>"%: :+.-! %-#)"!
5"/!%#  5 (*0C
$".&0OX."+%PK5>K:'!+0C
)0B0!"+%0!!  ))!5
!!! ! !60C
0+B-! !5"0!& !!-0 
"0!& !$/!, '*QTI5>! +0
H
,0#+0:! #!6&-!+%6! !+%-
;!1+!!+% "+!
#  5K!0CH
,&0.+) "/!;!!!
,).#  5:$$0N
#0-AQH+"! +)-K !0
 #+!B!5,!0$/+, 5>! +0
DDGGDHD
>0*I>-$)+!0+)+!&-DGHD
 0#  /5//%
#  50DFF
10 Q SA!" $+5>!!
, 5@0DEE
!I0@-X.! "!+% "+!-
B!"+% "K50
NFHN
Q0 - %!)5!""! 
! !!%-+!!DDHC
0B"#/&!!)!, 5:
HS0DFE
+!!0#I-A%+O*)  %!)P-+!!;H;)
41
HHHHH"A!!>! %!)K5
 !0
0THB A5A!);, 5 Q : 
A/0DFF
HHHHH0:! )"!A!0:!!!  @*Q
5A!H0DFN
@7&8&0:" #  //5)"!%#  5B %
#
S"0>" #;" ,!!R; '*QTI5R; ()!
A0DFF
T+0! !A!A!0*0R; 5A!
()!A0DD
?0T-!VAV-!!5''QQQ '',:NCFH
BDG'!' '"!"
[/+0:! -#"!# -A! !DF5ECHF
42
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