El Pasado Perfecto

El Pasado Perfecto (Past Perfect)
S + had + past participle + C
Afirmativa: You had studied English before you moved to New York
Negativa: Had you studied English before you moved to New York?
Interrogativa: You hadn’t studied English before you moved to New York
USO
El Pasado Perfecto se utiliza para expresar ideas que han ocurrido antes de que
ocurriese otra acción en el pasado. Puede mostrar que algo pasó antes de un momento
específico en el pasado.
 I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Kauai.
 I did not have any money because I had lost my wallet.
 Tony knew Istanbul so well because he had visited the city several times.
Posición de Adverbios
Adverbios como always, never, ever, still, just, etc, se colocan siempre entre had y
el participio pasado.
 You had previously studied English before you moved to New York
Pasado Perfecto Continuo (Past Perfect Continuous)
S + had been + verb-ing + C
Afirmativa: You had been waiting there for more than two years when she finally
arrived.
Negativa: You hadn’t been waiting there for more than two hours when she finally
arrived.
Interrogativa: Had you been waiting for more than two hours when she finally arrived?
USO:
Se utiliza para referirnos a una acción prolongada en el pasado que ocurrió antes de
otra acción más breve que también ocurrió en el pasado. La primera acción no dura
hasta el momento en el que se está hablando sino que para en el momento en el que
ocurre la segunda.
 They had been talking for over an hour before Tony arrived.
 She had been working at that company for three years when it went out of
business
 How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?
Posición de expresiones de Tiempo
Expresiones de tiempo como for hours, since, all morning, when, until, before, etc, se
colocan como en los ejemplos:
 You had only been waiting there for a few minutes when she arrived.
El Futuro Perfecto (Future Perfect)
S+ Will have + participio pasado + C

You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the
U.S.
 Will you have perfected your English by the time you come back from the
U.S.?
 You will not have perfected your English by the time you come back from the
U.S.
USO
El future Perfecto expresa la idea de que algo ocurrirá en el futuro antes de otra acción
futura. Puede que algo ocurra antes de un period de tiempo específico en el future.

By the time he gets home, she is going to have cleaned the entire house.
 I am not going to have finished this test by 3 o'clock.
 Will she have learned enough Chinese to communicate before she moves to
Beijing?
Localización de Adverbios
Adverbios como always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc se colocan como en el ejemplo:

You will only have learned a few words.
Futuro Perfecto Continuo (Future Perfect Continuous)
S+ will have been + vb-ing + C
Afirmativa: You will have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane
finally arrives.
Negativa: You will not have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane
finally arrives.
Interrogativa: Will you have been waiting for more than two hours when her plane
finally arrives?
USO
Utilizamos el Futuro Perfecto Continuo para mostrar que algo continuará hasta una
acción o momento específico en el futuro.
 They will have been talking for over an hour by the time Thomas arrives.
 James will have been teaching at the university for more than a year by the
time he leaves for Asia.
 How long will you have been studying when you graduate?