REPORTED SPEECH grammar guide

REPORTED SPEECH
CHANGES IN TENSES.-
Direct Speech
Reported Speech
* Present Simple
“He studies Spanish.”
* Past Simple
… he studied Spanish
* Present Continuous
“He is studying Spanish.”
* Past Continuous
… he was studying Spanish
* Present Perfect Simple
“He has studied Spanish.”
* Past Perfect Simple
… he had studied Spanish.
* Present Perfect Continuous
“He has been studying Spanish”
* Past Simple
“He studied Spanish”
* Past Continuous
“He was studying Spanish”
* Past Perfect Continuous
… he had been studying Spanish.
* Past Perfect Simple
… he had studied Spanish.
* Past Perfect Continuous
… he had been studying Spanish.
* Past Perfect Simple
“He had studied Spanish.”
* No change
* Past Perfect Continuous
“He had been studying Spanish”
* No change
* Future Simple
“He will study Spanish”
* Conditional
… he would study Spanish.
* Can
“He can study Spanish.”
* Could
… he could study Spanish.
* May
“He may study Spanish.”
* Might
… he might study Spanish.
* Must / Have to
“He must / has to study Spanish”
* Should,
* Could,
* Would,
* Might,
* Ought to,
* Used to
* Must / Had to
… he must / had to study Spanish.
* No change
OTHER CHANGES.Direct Speech
Person
I
We
My
Our
Reported Speech
He / She
They
his / her
Their
Place
Here
Time
Now
Today
Tonight
Yesterday
Tomorrow
Next week
Next month
Last week
Last month
An hour ago
A week ago
A month ago
Demonstratives
to
There
This
These
then
that day
that night
the day before / the previous day
the next / following day / the day after
the following week
the following month
the previous week / the week before
the previous month / the month before
an hour before
the week before
the month before
that
those
From “Oxford Practice Grammar Intermediate” OUP
“New English Grammar for Bachillerato” Burlington Books