4° medio unit 4 she said she loved you

LICEO INDUSTRIAL DE SAN MIGUEL
AGUSTIN EDWARDS ROSS
DEPARTAMENTO PEDAGOGICO
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
Profesoras: Doris Arratia-Ana Navarro
GUIAS Y APUNTES EXAMEN FINAL INGLES 4° MEDIO 2011
Unit 4: “She said she loved you”
CONTENT: - Uses of the “ing” form
- Reported Speech (Present to Past) (Say - Tell – Ask)
OBJECTIVE:-Demostrar comprensión global y detallada de los textos y estructuras morfosintácticas
estudiadas en el período.
- Informar lo que las otras personas dicen.
Before we start, answer these two questions:
1.- Do you like cycling?
2.-If it is yes…How often do you practice this activity?
How much do know about cycling? Well, here you have a
reading(extract) about this topic.
EXERCISE I
Read the text and then answer if the sentences are True or False.
Cycling
Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, or for sport. People
engaged in cycling are cyclists or bicyclists. Apart from ordinary two-wheeled bicycles, cycling also includes
riding unicycles, tricycles, quadracycles, and other similar human-powered vehicles (HPVs).
Bicycles were introduced in the 19th century and now number about one billion worldwide. They are the
principal means of transportation in many regions.
Cycling is a very efficient and effective mode of transportation optimal for short to moderate distances.
Bicycles provide numerous benefits compared to motor vehicles, including exercise, an alternative to the use
of fossil fuels, no air or noise pollution, much reduced traffic congestion, easier parking, greater
maneuverability, and access to both roads and paths. The advantages are at less financial cost to the user as
well as society (negligible damage to roads, and less pavement required). Criticisms and disadvantages of
cycling include reduced protection in crashes, particularly with motor vehicles, longer travel time (except in
densely populated areas), vulnerability to weather conditions, difficulty in transporting passengers, and the
skill and fitness required.
(Reading taken from:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cycling)
I.- True or False.
1.- Cycling is the use of any mean of transport.
_________
2.-Cycling includes riding other kinds of cycles.
_________
3.- The first bicycle was invented in the 20thcentury.
_________
4.- Cycling is excellent for long distances.
_________
5.- Bicycles provide many different benefits.
_________
6.- Cycling doesn’t have any disadvantage.
_________
VOCABULARY
Engaged
Two-wheeled bicycles
Worldwide
Mean
Benefits
Disadvantages
Weather
= comprometido
= bicicleta
=mundial
= medio
=beneficios
=desventajas
=clima
CORRECT ANSWERS EXERCISE I
1.- F
2.- T
3.- F
4.- F
5.- T
6.- F
Read the text again and underlined all the words that finish with ing form.
(Lee nuevamente el texto y subraya todas las palabras que terminen con forma ing)
For example:
Cycling
bicycling
OK. Very good! Now check the words you underlined with these ones.(Revisa si están correctas)
Correct
Words
Persons engaged in cycling are cyclists
Bicyclingor biking
Ridingunicycles
Including exercise
Easier parking
Criticisms and disadvantages of cycling
Difficulty in transporting passengers
USES OF THE -ING FORM
Hasta hace poco sabías que la forma –ing la usábamos para formar los tiempos continuos o progresivos y que
corresponde a la terminación 'ando' 'endo' de los verbos en castellano.
Pero además de eso, estudiaremos a continuacióntodos los diferentes usos que tiene el gerundio (ing) y que
es un poco más complejo. Así que, presta mucha atención.
Compare the uses of the –ing form of verbs below:
1.-Riding a bicycle is safer than driving a car.
(Andar en bicicleta es más seguro que conducir un auto)
Riding = a gerund used as the subject of the sentence (gerundio usado como sujeto de la oración) ¿Qué es más seguro
que conducir un auto? Andar en bicleta. Entonces andar en bicicleta sería el sujeto de nuestra oración.
2.- Lorena and Juan are playing basketball.
(Lorena y Juan están jugando basquetbol)
Playing= a gerund used as a part of a progressive sentence
3.- I heard some surprising news.
(gerundio usado como parte de una oración progresiva)
¿Cómo son las noticias? Sorprendentes
(Escuché noticias sorprendentes)
Surprising = used as an adjective
(usado como adjetivo)
4.- We talked about going to the North of Chile.¿Sobre qué conversábamos? Sobre ir al norte de Chile.
(Conversábamos sobre ir al norte de Chile)
Going = used as the object of preposition, such as: about, of, in, on, with, without, etc.(usado como el objeto de la
preposición)
5.- I enjoy swimming in the sea.
(Disfruto nadar en el mar)
Swimming = a gerund used as the object of certain verbs, such as: enjoy, appreciate, finish, stop, consider, remember,
mention, suggest, like, etc.
Gerundio usado como el objeto de ciertos verbos (el segundo verbo a usar debe ir con ing)
Esperando hayas entendido, tepresentamos más ejemplos de cada uso del gerundio (-ing)
1.- Subject of the sentence
Running keeps me fit.
(Correr me mantiene en forma.)
Swimming has always been my passion.(Nadar siempre ha sido mi pasión.)
2.- Part of a progressive sentence
Susan is watching TV in her bedroom.
The teachers are sending us handouts to study.
We are studying for the Final Exam.
3.- As adjective
I need a new pair of running shoes.
(Necesito un nuevo par de zapatillas para correr.)
Have you seen grandpa's walking stick?(¿Has visto el bastón del abuelo?)
That sleeping bag won't be enough.(Ese saco de dormir no será suficiente.)
4.- As the object of preposition
Mr. Johnson is thinking about selling the company. (El señor Johnson está pensando en vender la empresa.)
Close the door after leaving!
(¡Cierra la puerta al salir!)
I want to visit uncle Frank before going back to Canada.(Quiero visitar al tío Frank antes de volver a Canadá.)
5.- As the object of certain verbs
I don't like spending money on useless things.
(No me gusta gastar dinero en cosas inútiles.)
Peter had considered not going to the party.
(Peter había considerado no ir a la fiesta.)
I stopped smoking last month.
NEXT PAGE: practice time!!!
(Dejé de fumar el mes pasado.)
-ING EXERCISE
Marca la clasificación que corresponda al término destacado (-ING WORDS).
1. All your classmates mentioned seeing you the other day.
A. Subject of the sentence
B. Part of a progressive sentence
C. Adjective
D. Object of certain verbs
E. Object of a preposition
2. Clouds are in threatening formations. I think you must take your umbrella.
A. Part of a progressive sentence
B. Adjective
C. Object of a preposition
D. Subject of the sentence
E. Object of certain verbs
3. Next month the Department of Transport is launching a series of television commercials to advertise its
new road safety campaign.
A. Adjective
B. Subject of the sentence
C. Object of a preposition
D. Part of a progressive sentence
E. Object of certain verbs
4. The government expects the new signaling system to be operational within 3 years.
A. Object of certain verbs
B. Part of a progressive sentence
C. Adjective
D. Subject of the sentence
E. Object of a preposition
5. Recently, a growing number of people are using their bicycles.
A. Part of a progressive sentence
B. Subject of the sentence
C. Object of certain verbs
D. Object of a preposition
E. Adjective
6. Cycling is becoming less popular because of accidents.
A. Object of a preposition
B. Object of certain verbs
C. Adjective
D. Subject of the sentences
E. Part of a progressive sentence
7. Surprisingly, as bicycling grows in popularity, many people overlook or are unaware of the risks involved.
A. Adjective
B. Subject of the sentence
C. Object of a preposition
D. Part of a progressive sentence
E. Object of certain verbs
8. Instead of sitting for exams, Luisa was managing a sugar plantation on a remote hacienda in the Venezuelan
Andes.
A. Object of a preposition
B. Subject of the sentence
C. Adjective
D. Part of a progressive sentence
E. Object of certain verbs
9. Parking in this area is forbidden.
A. Part of a progressive sentence
B. Adjective
C. Subject of the sentence
D. Object of certain verbs
E. Object of a preposition
10. “I remember feeling self-conscious about it at first”.
A. Adjective
B. Object of a preposition
C. Object of certain verbs
D. Part of a progressive sentence
E. Subject of the sentence
11. Graduates get on by conforming and I think people without degrees tend to be more original
A. Part of a progressive sentence
B. Adjective
C. Object of a preposition
D. Object of certain verbs
E. Subject of the sentence
12. By 1984, Mc Donald’s were serving 18 million customers a day, almost equivalent to serving the combined
population of Greece and Sweden.
A. Subject of the sentence
B. Object of a preposition
C. Object of certain verbs
D. Adjective
E. Part of a progressive sentence
CORRECT ANSWERS -ING EXERCISE I
1.-D
2.-C
3.-D
4.-C
5.-E
6.-D
7.-B
8.-D
9.-C
10.-C
11.-C
12.-B
Next Page: Reported Speech
The Beatles: “she loves you”
Use this link to listen to the following song from The Beatles and then answer
some questions
.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T0YifXhm-Zc&feature=related

Who is the man from the song talking to?

What is the man from the song doing?
A )giving advice to a friend?

B) saying good bye to a friend?
C) telling lies on his friend?
What does the man say about the girl?
Now follow this link to read the lyrics of the song and check your answers.
Lyrics: “she loves you”
http://www.beatlweb.com/letras%20pasmters1/cancioshelove.htm
REPORTED SPEECH
Cuando queremos comunicar o informar lo que otra persona ha dicho, hay dos maneras de hacerlo: utilizando el
estilo directo o el estilo indirecto.
ESTILO DIRECTO (directspeech):
Si informamos exactamente lo que otra persona ha dicho, utilizamos el estilo directo. Con este estilo lo que la
persona ha dicho se coloca entre comillas. El habla directa es común en novelas, en obras de teatro, y cuando se
mencionan citas o frases famosas, (ej. Ghandisaid:”Aneye for eye only will end up making the whole world
blind” (Ghandidijo:”Ojoporojosóloterminaráconvirtiendo al mundoentero en ciego”)
Examples: Susan: “I am happy, mom”
Alex : “Mom, it’s cloudy”
She said:“I am happy, mom”
He said: “Mom, it’s cloudy”
Si se quiere reportear o decir lo que la persona dijo, sin decirlo con las palabras exactas, usamos el estilo indirecto
(indirectspeech). Esto ocurre en conversaciones cotidianas, informes y trabajos académicos.
La conversión de habla directa a habla indirecta (conocida en inglés como ReportedSpeech) es muy fácil. Para ello
debes contar con una TABLA DE CONVERSIÓN, que debes memorizar. En esta unidad sólo trabajaremos los
tiempos Presente y Pasado Simple.
Volvamos a la oración
En reported speech sería:
Susan: “I am happy, mom” (Present Simple)
She said (that) she was happy. (Past Simple)
Alex: ““Mom,
it’s cloudy” (Present Simple)
He said (that) it was cloudy.(Past Simple)
Lo que ha ocurrido aquí es que cambiamos el tiempo en que fue dicha la frase. Veamos la primera oración:
Susan dice: Estoy contenta, mamá. Supongamos que la mamá no la escuchó y le pregunta a su hijo mayor: ¿Qué
dijo Susan? Entonces él le dice a su mamá: Ella dijo que estaba contenta. ¿Qué cambios notaste?
EXACTO! Cambiaron los tiempos. Entonces hay que considerar estas transformaciones:
DIRECT STATEMENT
REPORTED STATEMENT
Present Simple
Past Simple
am/is
are
have/has
don’t/doesn’t
was
were
had
didn’t
La estructura es un poco distinta dependiendo de lo que quieras transformar, sea una frase, o una pregunta.
Estos son algunos verbos usados para reportear. En esta unidad sólo
usaremos 3 (say, tell, ask)
add
(agregar)
complain
(quejarse)
feel
(sentir)
repeat
(repetir)
say
(decir)
agree
(acordar)
deny
(negar)
inform
(informar)
reply
(responder)
show
threaten
(demostrar)(amenazar)
ask
(preguntar)
explain
(explicar)
promise
(prometer)
report
(comunicar)
suggest
(sugerir)
Veamos cuando son:
1.- Statements (frases) VERBO SAY
Cuando transformamos oraciones hay que fijarse bien en las cosas que cambian como:

Pronouns (Pronombres)

Place and time expressions (Lugar y expresiones de tiempo)

Tenses (Tiempos; EN ESTE CASO SERÁ SÓLO DE PRESENTE A PASADO)
Changes to consider:
Algunos pronombres que deben cambiarse son:
I
HE/SHE
WE
THEY
Algunos Adjetivos Posesivos:
My
his/her
Our
their
She said, "I want to bring my children."
Se cambiaa: She said (that) she wanted to bring her children.
Jack said, "My wife goes with me to the show."
Se cambia a : she said (that)his wife went with him to the show.
tell
(comentar)
warn
(advertir)
When reporting you also have to consider the following changes in time:
DIRECT STATEMENT
now (ahora)
thismorning (esta mañana)
today (hoy)
yesterday (ayer)
tomorrow (mañana)
nextweek (la semana próxima)
lastyear (el año pasado)
here (aquí)
come (venir)
REPORTED STATEMENT
►
►
►
►
►
►
►
►
►
at that time / then (en esemomento)
that morning (esamañana)
that day (esedía)
the day before (el día anterior)
the day after (el díasiguiente)
the following week (la siguientesemana)
the year before (el año anterior)
there (allí)
go (ir)
Note:
In some cases the backshift of tenses is not necessary, e.g. when statements are still true.
(En algunos casos el cambio de tiempo no es necesario, por ejemplo, cuando las oraciones son verdaderas o
reales.)
EXAMPLE:
1.-John: "My brother is at Leipzig University."
John said that his brother was at Leipzig University.
Or
John said that his brother is at Leipzig University.
2.- "The sun rises in the East."
Mary said that the sun rose in the East.
Or
Mary said that the sun rises in the East.
Sigue este link y podrás practicar más: Debes reportear las frases dadas usando al comienzo: She said (that)…
y escribir la frase incluyendo los cambios necesarios si los hay. Puedes corregir inmediatamente.
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/reported-speech-exercise-12.html
2.- Statements (frases) VERBO TELL
Cuando se quiere usar el verbo “Tell” se debe hacer de la siguiente manera:
(Tomás comenta) Tom: “Alice is sick”
He told me that Alice was sick.
¿Qué ocurrió? Efectivamente, Usamos el verbo “tell” en pasado (told) seguido de un pronombre objeto
(me, you, him, her, it, us, them)
En este caso usaremos sólo told + me.
More examples:
Peter: “My mother is at home”.
He told me that his mother was at home.
Robert: “Idon’t want to study more”
He told me that he didn’t want to study more.
The teacher: “The work is excellent!”
She told me that the work was excellent.
3.- Questions (Preguntas) VERBO ASK
Para reportear preguntas es importante fijarse en el orden de la oración; cuando reporteamos preguntas específicas
(WH-Questions) es muy distinto de aquellas preguntas simples (YES/NO Questions) porque a estas últimas hay que
agregar después del pronombre objeto la palabra if (si) y a las primeras se usa las mismas wh- questions.
Example: Yes/No questions: Alex asked,“Do you want to come with me? (Alex preguntó, ¿quieres venir conmigo?
REPORTED SPEECH: Alex asked me if I wanted to come with him.
(Alex me preguntó si yo quería ir con él)
Dave asked, "Where do you go on Sundays?"
(Dave preguntó, ¿A dónde vas los sábados)
REPORTED SPEECH: Dave asked me where I went on Sundays.
(Dave me preguntó a dónde iba los sábados.)
EXERCISE I
Report what these people said.
1.-Mother said:" I have a headache."
Mother said (that) __________________________________________________
2.-Mr. Cooper said:" I take my medicine regularly."
Mr. Cooper said (that) _______________________________________________
3.-Mrs. Miller said:" I don’t feel better today."
Mrs. Miller said (that) ________________________________________________
4.-Sarah said:" My father takes me to school every day."
Sarah said (that) ____________________________________________________
5.-He said to the reporters:" I’m a farmer in Cornwell."
He said to the reporters (that) _________________________________________
EXERCISE II
Choose the correct alternative that reports what peoplesaid, asked or told.
1.-
Sara said, "Maria speaks English very well."
A. Sara said that Maria spoke English very well.
B.
C.
D.
E.
2.-
Sara said that Maria is speaking English very well.
Sara said that Maria had spoken English very well.
Sara said that Maria speaks English very well.
Sara said that Maria spoken had English very well.
Yolanda said, "I have to leave the class before 12:30."
A. Yolanda said that I have to leave the class before 12:30.
B. Yolanda said that she has to leave the class before 12:30.
C. Yolanda said that she had to leave the class before 12:30.
D. Yolanda said that she has had to leave the class before 12:30.
E. Yolanda said that I had to leave the class before 12.30.
3.-
Steve said, “I want to go to South Africa.”
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Steve said that he wants to go to South Africa.
Steve said that he went to South Africa.
Steve said that he want to go to South Africa.
Steve said that he wanted to go to South Africa.
Steve said that he had wanted to go to South Africa.
4.-
The children said, “We don’t play soccer this week.”
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5.-
The teacher said, ”You have to write all the exercises, Alice.”
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
6.-
He asked him if he wanted to come with him.
He asked him if he wants to come with me.
He asked him if he came with him.
He asked him what he wanted to come with him.
He asked him if he come with him.
The inspector asked me, “Why are you late?”
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
10.-
She asked me what movie I like.
She asked me what movie was.
She asked me what movie I liked.
She asked me if I liked the movie.
She asked me if she liked the movie.
Alex asked Miguel, “Do you want to come with me?”
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
9.-
He asked me where I lived.
He asked me where he lived.
He asked me if I lived.
He asked me where he lives.
He asked me if I live.
Susan asked me, “What movie do you like?”
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
8.-
The teacher told Alice that she wrote all the exercises.
The teacher told Alice that she has to write all the exercises.
The teacher told Alice that she writes all the exercises.
The teacher told Alice that she has to write all the exercises.
The teacher told Alice that she had to write all the exercises.
The police man asked, “Where do you live”?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
7.-
They said that he didn’t want to play soccer this week.
They said that they didn’t play soccer that week.
They said that they don’t play soccer this week.
They said that they didn’t play soccer today.
They said that he didn’t play soccer that week.
The inspector asked me why I am late.
The inspector asked me why I was late.
The inspector told me I was late.
The inspector told I am late.
The inspector asked me if I was late.
Mary asked me, “Do you feel all right?”
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
She asked me if I am all right.
She asked me if I feel all right.
She asked me if she felt all right.
She asked me if I felt all right.
She asked me if she feels all right.
NEXT PAGE: CORRECT ANSWERS REPORTED SPEECH
CORRECT ANSWERS FOR EXERCISES I AND II REPORTED SPEECH.
EXERCISE I
1.2.3.4.5.-
EXERCISE II
1.- A
6.-A
she had a headache
he took his medicine regularly.
she didn’t feel better that day.
her father took her to school every day.
he was a farmer in Cornwell.
2.- C
7.-C
3.- D
8.-A
4.- B
9.- B
5.-E
10.-D