FRVLVWHPD `LJLWDO $FDGpPLFR +DFLD XQD

-8$16(%$67,È1&È5'(1$6$5(1$6-2+$11$0$5&(/$68È5(=3('5$=$&$5/26$1'5e6
*8(55(52$/$5&Ï1
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR+DFLDXQDFRPXQLGDGGLJLWDOVRSRUWDGDHQ7,&SDUDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR+DFLDXQDFRPXQLGDGGLJLWDO
VRSRUWDGDHQ7,&SDUDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
$FDGHPLF'LJLWDO(FRV\VWHP7RZDUGV,&76XSSRUWHG'LJLWDO
&RPPXQLW\IRU+LJKHU(GXFDWLRQ,QVWLWXWLRQV
-XDQ6HEDVWLiQ&iUGHQDV$UHQDV-RKDQQD0DUFHOD6XiUH]3HGUD]D&DUORV$QGUpV
*XHUUHUR$ODUFyQ
$UWtFXORUHFLELGRHQRFWXEUHGHDUWtFXORDFHSWDGRHQ1RYLHPEUHGH
&LWDFLyQGHODUWtFXOR&iUGHQDV-6XiUH]-*XHUUHUR&(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR
+DFLD XQD FRPXQLGDG GLJLWDO VRSRUWDGD HQ 7,& SDUD ODV LQVWLWXFLRQHV GH HGXFDFLyQ VXSHULRU ,'
5HYLVWDGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV
5HVXPHQ
8Q(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFRVHGH¿QH
FRPRODLQWHUDFFLyQHLQWHJUDFLyQGHWRGRVORV
IDFWRUHVTXHLQWHUYLHQHQHQHOKDFHU\TXHKDFHU
GH XQD LQVWLWXFLyQ GH HGXFDFLyQ VXSHULRU 'H
DFXHUGRDOHVTXHPDSODQWHDGRSRUHO0LQLVWHULR
GH 7HFQRORJtDV GH OD ,QIRUPDFLyQ \ ODV
&RPXQLFDFLRQHV GH &RORPELD ORV HOHPHQWRV
TXH FRQIRUPDQ XQ HFRVLVWHPD GLJLWDO VRQ
LQIUDHVWUXFWXUD VHUYLFLRV DSOLFDFLRQHV \
XVXDULRV&RQVLGHUDQGRHOXVXDULR¿QDOFRPRHO
SULQFLSDOEHQH¿FLDULR\GDGRHODOWRQ~PHURGH
XVXDULRV TXH WLHQHQ DFFHVR D GLVSRVLWLYRV
PyYLOHVVHSODQWHyXQSUR\HFWRGHLQYHVWLJDFLyQ
TXH SHUPLWLHUD LGHQWL¿FDU ORV SURFHVRV
LQVWLWXFLRQDOHV VXVFHSWLEOHVDVHUDSR\DGRVFRQ
WHFQRORJtDEXVFDQGRODRSWLPL]DFLyQGHWLHPSR
\ UHFXUVRV (O DYDQFH GHO SUR\HFWR LQFOX\H OD
DUTXLWHFWXUD FRQVWUXLGD \ HO PRGHOR GH
/DPHWRGRORJtDGHGHVDUUROORGHOSUR\HFWRHVGHWLSRFRUUHODFLRQDODFWXDOPHQWHVHHQFXHQWUDHQFXUVRSHUWHQHFLHQWHDOiUHD
GH$UTXLWHFWXUDH,QJHQLHUtDGH6RIWZDUHGHVDUUROODGRHQHO*UXSRGH,QYHVWLJDFLyQHQ,QJHQLHUtDGHO6RIWZDUH*5,,6HV
¿QDQFLDGRSRUODV8QLGDGHV7HFQROyJLFDVGH6DQWDQGHUGHODFLXGDGGH%XFDUDPDQJD&RORPELD'LUHFFLyQ&DOOHGHORV
HVWXGLDQWHV5HDOGH0LQDV3%;H[W)HFKDGHLQLFLR)HEUHURGHIHFKDGHWHUPLQDFLyQ
-XQLRGH
ϸ,QJHQLHURGH6LVWHPDV8QLYHUVLGDG,QGXVWULDOGH6DQWDQGHU0DJLVWHUHQ*HVWLyQ$SOLFDFLyQ\'HVDUUROORGH6RIWZDUHF
8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPDGH%XFDUDPDQJD'RFHQWHLQYHVWLJDGRUGHOJUXSR*5,,68QLGDGHV7HFQROyJLFDVGH6DQWDQGHUGH
ODFLXGDGGH%XFDUDPDQJD&RORPELD'LUHFFLyQ&DOOHGHORVHVWXGLDQWHV5HDOGH0LQDV3%;H[W
&RUUHRHOHFWUyQLFRVHEFD#JPDLOFRP
Ϲ,QJHQLHUDGH6LVWHPDV8QLYHUVLGDG&RRSHUDWLYDGH&RORPELD0DJLVWHUHQ*HVWLyQ$SOLFDFLyQ\'HVDUUROORGH
6RIWZDUHF8QLYHUVLGDG$XWyQRPDGH%XFDUDPDQJD'RFHQWHLQYHVWLJDGRUGHOJUXSR*5,,68QLGDGHV7HFQROyJLFDV
GH6DQWDQGHUGHODFLXGDGGH%XFDUDPDQJD&RORPELD'LUHFFLyQ&DOOHGHORVHVWXGLDQWHV5HDOGH0LQDV3%;
H[W&RUUHRHOHFWUyQLFRMRPDVXSH#KRWPDLOFRP
,QJHQLHURGH6LVWHPDV8QLYHUVLGDG,QGXVWULDOGH6DQWDQGHU'RFWRUHQ,QJHQLHUtDF8QLYHUVLGDG3RQWL¿FLD%ROLYDULDQD
0HGHOOtQ'RFHQWHLQYHVWLJDGRUGHO*UXSRGH,QYHVWLJDFLyQ'HVDUUROOR\$SOLFDFLyQHQ7HOHFRPXQLFDFLRQHVH,QIRUPiWLFD
*,'$7, 8QLYHUVLGDG 3RQWL¿FLD %ROLYDULDQD GH OD FLXGDG GH 0HGHOOtQ &RORPELD 'LUHFFLyQ &DPSXV GH /DXUHOHV
&LUFXODU1R3%;&RUUHRHOHFWUyQLFRDQJXHUUFR#PVQFRP
,'5HYLVWDGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV,661
9ROXPHQ1~PHUR-XOLR'LFLHPEUHGHSS
-8$16(%$67,È1&È5'(1$6$5(1$6-2+$11$0$5&(/$68È5(=3('5$=$&$5/26$1'5e6
*8(55(52$/$5&Ï1
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR+DFLDXQDFRPXQLGDGGLJLWDOVRSRUWDGDHQ7,&SDUDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
LQWHJUDFLyQ XWLOL]DGR DVt FRPR ORV GHWDOOHV
WpFQLFRV QHFHVDULRV SDUD LQWHJUDU PiV GH RFKR
SODWDIRUPDV GHVDUUROODGDV FRQ GLVWLQWRV
OHQJXDMHVVREUHGLIHUHQWHVVLVWHPDVRSHUDWLYRV
3DODEUDV FODYH (FRVLVWHPD 'LJLWDO
$FDGpPLFR$UTXLWHFWXUD6RIWZDUH:HE6HUYLFH
3DWURQHV
$EVWUDFW
$FDGHPLF'LJLWDO(FRV\VWHPLVGH¿QHGDVWKH
LQWHUDFWLRQ DQG LQWHJUDWLRQ RI DOO WKH IDFWRUV
LQYROYHGLQWKHSDUDGLJPIRUDKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQ
LQVWLWXWLRQ $FFRUGLQJ WR WKDW SURSRVHG E\ WKH
0LQLVWU\ RI ,QIRUPDWLRQ 7HFKQRORJLHV DQG
&RPPXQLFDWLRQV RI &RORPELD RXWOLQH WKH
H O H P H Q W V R I D G L J L W D O H F R V \ V W H P D U H LQIUDVWUXFWXUH VHUYLFHV DSSOLFDWLRQV DQG XVHUV
&RQVLGHULQJ WKH HQG XVHU DV WKH SULPDU\
EHQH¿FLDU\DQGJLYHQWKHKLJKQXPEHURIXVHUV
ZKRKDYHDFFHVVWRPRELOHGHYLFHVDUHVHDUFK
SURMHFW WKDW ZRXOG OLNHO\ LGHQWLI\ EXVLQHVV
SURFHVVHV WR EH VXSSRUWHG ZLWK WHFKQRORJ\
VHHNLQJ WR RSWLPL]H WLPH DQG UHVRXUFHV ZDV
UDLVHG7KHSURJUHVVRIWKHSURMHFWLQFOXGHVWKH
EXLOWDUFKLWHFWXUHDQGLQWHJUDWLRQPRGHOXVHGDV
ZHOODVWKHWHFKQLFDOGHWDLOVQHHGHGWRLQWHJUDWH
PRUH WKDQ HLJKW SODWIRUPV GHYHORSHG ZLWK
GLIIHUHQW ODQJXDJHV RQ GLIIHUHQW RSHUDWLQJ
V\VWHPV
.H\ZRUGV 'LJLWDO (FRV\VWHP $FDGHPLF
$UFKLWHFWXUH6RIWZDUH:HE6HUYLFHSDWWHUQV
,QWURGXFFLyQ
/DV8QLGDGHV7HFQROyJLFDVGH6DQWDQGHUKDQ
,'5HYLVWDGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV,661
9ROXPHQ1~PHUR-XOLR'LFLHPEUHGHSS
WHQLGRXQSURFHVRGHH[SDQVLyQUHJLRQDOFXHQWD
FRQ XQD VHGH SULQFLSDO HQ OD FLXGDG GH
%XFDUDPDQJD\UHJLRQDOHVHQ%DUUDQFDEHUPHMD
6DQ*LO9pOH]\DSDUWLUGHOHQODFLXGDGGH
6DQ -RVp GH &~FXWD /D FRPXQLGDG DFDGpPLFD
HVWi FRQIRUPDGD SRU DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH SHUVRQDVHQWUHHVWXGLDQWHVGRFHQWHV\SHUVRQDO
DGPLQLVWUDWLYR 'DGR HO DOWR YROXPHQ GH
HVWXGLDQWHV\ODVFRQGLFLRQHVGHOLPLWDFLRQHVGH
LQIUDHVWUXFWXUD ItVLFD \ WHFQROyJLFD ODV
KHUUDPLHQWDV LQIRUPiWLFDV \ OD DXWRPDWL]DFLyQ
GH SURFHVRV VRQ HOHPHQWRV FODYHV HQ OD
IRUPXODFLyQ GH VROXFLRQHV TXH HYLWHQ OD
VREUHFDUJD GH WUDEDMR \ WLHPSRV GH UHVSXHVWDV
LQDGHFXDGRV
$VtFRPRODLQIUDHVWUXFWXUDItVLFDHVOLPLWDGD
OD LQIUDHVWUXFWXUD WHFQROyJLFD WDPELpQ OR HV OD
FDUHQFLD GH XQD JUDQMD GH VHUYLGRUHV \ HQ
HVSHFLDOGHXQ'DWDFHQWHUHVSHFLDOL]DGRKDFHQ
GH ODV 876 XQD LQVWLWXFLyQ YXOQHUDEOH HQ
DVSHFWRV GH VHJXULGDG LQIRUPiWLFD 3DUD
DXWRPDWL]DU ORV SURFHVRV VH UHTXLHUH GH XQD
LQIUDHVWUXFWXUD WHFQROyJLFD TXH OR VRSRUWH TXH
SHUPLWDGDUWLHPSRVGHUHVSXHVWDDGHFXDGRVDODV
H[LJHQFLDV DFWXDOHV 8Q HMHPSOR SDUDOHOR VH
SXHGH DSUHFLDU HQ OD LQQRYDFLyQ WHFQROyJLFD
SUHVHQWHHQHOSURFHVRGHVROLFLWXGGHOFHUWL¿FDGR
GH DQWHFHGHQWHV R HO SDVDGR MXGLFLDO GH ORV
FRORPELDQRVVHSDVyGHWLHPSRVGHUHVSXHVWDGH
XQR D GRV GtDV D UHVSXHVWD HQ WLHPSR UHDO
H[DFWDPHQWH FRPR GHEHUtD IXQFLRQDU XQ
HFRVLVWHPDGLJLWDODFDGpPLFRVLVHLPSOHPHQWD
HQXQDLQVWLWXFLyQGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
3DUD DWHQGHU OD SUREOHPiWLFD SODQWHDGD VH
SURSRQH GLVHxDU OD$UTXLWHFWXUD 6RIWZDUH \ OD
(VWUDWHJLD 7HFQROyJLFD TXH SHUPLWD OD
LPSODQWDFLyQ GH XQ (FRVLVWHPD 'LJLWDO GH
-8$16(%$67,È1&È5'(1$6$5(1$6-2+$11$0$5&(/$68È5(=3('5$=$&$5/26$1'5e6
*8(55(52$/$5&Ï1
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR+DFLDXQDFRPXQLGDGGLJLWDOVRSRUWDGDHQ7,&SDUDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
FDUiFWHU DFDGpPLFR SDUD ODV 8QLGDGHV GH
6DQWDQGHUEXVFDQGRODRSWLPL]DFLyQGHSURFHVRV
\ UHFXUVRV D WUDYpV GH PHGLRV WHFQROyJLFRV
L Q W H J U D Q G R OD WHFQRORJtD GLVSRQLEOH \
DGTXLULHQGRQXHYDWHFQRORJtDTXHVHDUWLFXOHFRQ
ODFUHDFLyQGHQXHYRVVHUYLFLRV\DSOLFDFLRQHV
(O UHVXOWDGR HVSHUDGR HV XQ HFRVLVWHPD GLJLWDO
TXHDSR\HODHVWUDWHJLDFHURSDSHODODXWRPDWL]DU
ORV SURFHVRV LQVWLWXFLRQDOHV \ TXH D VX YH] VH
VRSRUWHQHQORVGLIHUHQWHVGLVSRVLWLYRVGHDFFHVR
GLDJUDPDVTXHUHSUHVHQWDQGHIRUPDDEVWUDFWDOD
H V W U X F W X U D G H X Q V L V W H P D H V G H F L U V X
$UTXLWHFWXUDVRQORVDUWHIDFWRVTXHHO$UTXLWHFWR
6RIWZDUHGHEHHODERUDUSDUDSURSRUFLRQDUODJXtD
HQODVVLJXLHQWHVHWDSDVGHOSURFHVRGHGHVDUUROOR
3DUDHOGLVHxRGHORVPRGHORVDUTXLWHFWyQLFRVVH
HPSOHD HO /HQJXDMH 8QL¿FDGR GH 0RGHODGR 80/SXHVWRTXHHVHOHVWiQGDUPiVXWLOL]DGR
SDUDHVSHFL¿FDU\GRFXPHQWDUFXDOTXLHUVLVWHPD
GHIRUPDSUHFLVD)XHQWHV9DOOHFLOOR
&RQWH[WXDOL]DFLyQ
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO
8Q (FRVLVWHPD 'LJLWDO HV OD DUWLFXODFLyQ
GLQiPLFD \ VLQpUJLFD GH FRPXQLGDGHV GLJLWDOHV
TXHFRQVLVWHHQODLQWHUFRQH[LyQLQWHUUHODFLyQH
LQWHUGHSHQGHQFLDGHORVUHFXUVRVGLJLWDOHV\XQ
DPELHQWHGLJLWDOTXHLQWHUDFW~DUHFtSURFDPHQWH
FRPRXQDXQLGDGIXQFLRQDOTXHVHXQHDWUDYpVGH
L Q I U D H V W U X F W X U D W H F Q R O y J L F D D F F L R Q H V WUDQVDFFLRQHV \ ÀXMR GH LQIRUPDFLyQ+DG]LF
&KDQJ'LOORQ
$UTXLWHFWXUD6RIWZDUH$6
/D$UTXLWHFWXUD6RIWZDUHVHGH¿QHFRPRHO
GLVHxR GH PD\RU QLYHO GH DEVWUDFFLyQ HQ OD
HVWUXFWXUD GH XQ VLVWHPD LQIRUPiWLFR $6 VH
SRGUtD GH¿QLU FRPR ³(O DUWH \ OD FLHQFLD GH
GLVHxDUVRIWZDUH´*XWLpUUH]&RQVLVWHHQ
OD DJUXSDFLyQ GH SDWURQHV \ DEVWUDFFLRQHV TXH
SURYHHQ GH XQ PDUFR GH UHIHUHQFLD TXH VLUYH
FRPRJXtDSDUDODFRQVWUXFFLyQGHXQVRIWZDUH
(Q WpUPLQRV GH XQ VLVWHPD R SURJUDPD OD
DUTXLWHFWXUD GH VRIWZDUH VH GH¿QH FRPR OD
HVWUXFWXUD R HVWUXFWXUDV GHO VLVWHPD TXH
FRPSUHQGH HOHPHQWRV GH VRIWZDUH ODV
SURSLHGDGHV H[WHUQDPHQWH YLVLEOHV GH HVRV
HOHPHQWRV \ ODV UHODFLRQHV HQWUH HOORV%DVV
&OHPHQWV.D]PDQ
0RGHOR$UTXLWHFWyQLFR
/DPDGXUH]GHOFRQFHSWRGH$6KDOOHYDGRDO
SODQWHDPLHQWR GH PRGHORV DUTXLWHFWyQLFRV TXH
SURSRUFLRQHQXQDJXtDHQODIDVHGHGH¿QLFLyQGH
ODDUTXLWHFWXUDGHXQVLVWHPDVHFRQRFHQFRPR
0RGHORV $UTXLWHFWyQLFRV D ORV GLVHxRV \
'HDFXHUGRDO0LQLVWHULRGHODV7HFQRORJtDV
GH OD ,QIRUPDFLyQ \ ODV &RPXQLFDFLRQHV GH
&RORPELD HO HFRVLVWHPD GLJLWDO RIUHFH XQ
PRGHOR GH RIHUWD \ GHPDQGD SDUD HO PHUFDGR
GLJLWDO /D RIHUWD HVWi FRPSXHVWD SRU OD
LQIUDHVWUXFWXUD\ORVVHUYLFLRVTXHVRQRIUHFLGRV
SRUORVRSHUDGRUHVPLHQWUDVTXHODGHPDQGDVH
JHQHUD SRU SDUWH GH ORV XVXDULRV GH ODV
DSOLFDFLRQHV/DYLVLyQGHHVWHPRGHORGHVFULEH
TXHHVQHFHVDULRHVWLPXODUWDQWRODRIHUWDFRPROD
GHPDQGD GH VHUYLFLRV GLJLWDOHV SDUD ORJUDU XQ
F t U F X O R Y L U W X R V R T X H V H U H W U R D O L P H Q W H
SRVLWLYDPHQWH/D)LJXUDSUHVHQWDHOHVTXHPD
GHHFRVLVWHPDGLJLWDOGH¿QLGRSRU0LQ7,&
,'5HYLVWDGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV,661
9ROXPHQ1~PHUR-XOLR'LFLHPEUHGHSS
-8$16(%$67,È1&È5'(1$6$5(1$6-2+$11$0$5&(/$68È5(=3('5$=$&$5/26$1'5e6
*8(55(52$/$5&Ï1
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR+DFLDXQDFRPXQLGDGGLJLWDOVRSRUWDGDHQ7,&SDUDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
)LJXUD(VWUXFWXUD(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO
)XHQWH0LQ7,&
/D7DEODSUHVHQWDORVFXDWURFRPSRQHQWHVGHO(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO
7DEOD&RPSRQHQWHVGHO(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO
$UTXLWHFWXUD
'HVFULSFLyQ
,QIUDHVWUXFWXUD /D LQIUDHVWUXFWXUD FRUUHVSRQGH D ORV HOHPHQWRV ItVLFRV TXH SURYHHQ FRQHFWLYLGDG
GLJLWDO$OJXQRVHMHPSORVVRQODVUHGHVGH¿EUDySWLFDODVWRUUHVGHWHOHIRQtDFHOXODU
FRQVXVHTXLSRV\DQWHQDVRODVUHGHVGHSDUHVGHFREUHFRD[LDOHVRGH¿EUDySWLFD
WHQGLGDVDORVKRJDUHV\QHJRFLRV
6HUYLFLRV
/RVVHUYLFLRVRIUHFLGRVSRUORVRSHUDGRUHVKDFHQXVRGHODLQIUDHVWUXFWXUD\SHUPLWHQ
GHVDUUROODUODFRQHFWLYLGDGGLJLWDO3DUDFLWDUDOJXQRVHMHPSORVGHVHUYLFLRVpVWRV
SXHGHQVHUHOVHUYLFLRGH,QWHUQHWHOVHUYLFLRGHWHOHIRQtDPyYLORHOVHUYLFLRGH
PHQVDMHVGHWH[WR606
$SOLFDFLRQHV
/DVDSOLFDFLRQHVKDFHQXVRGHpVWRVVHUYLFLRVSDUDLQWHUDFWXDUFRQHOXVXDULR¿QDO
(VWDVDSOLFDFLRQHVSXHGHQVHUSRUHMHPSORORVSRUWDOHVGHUHGHVVRFLDOHVRGHVLWLRV
GHQRWLFLDVSDUDHOVHUYLFLRGH,QWHUQHWORVVLVWHPDVGHPHQ~VWHOHIyQLFRVFXDQGRVH
OODPDDXQEDQFRSDUDHOVHUYLFLRGHWHOHIRQtDPyYLORODEDQFDPyYLOSDUDHOVHUYLFLR
GH606
8VXDULRV
/RV XVXDULRV KDFHQ XVR GH ODV DSOLFDFLRQHV H LQGLUHFWDPHQWH GH ORV VHUYLFLRV H
LQIUDHVWUXFWXUDSDUDFRQVXPLU\SURGXFLULQIRUPDFLyQGLJLWDO/RVXVXDULRVHQHVWH
HFRVLVWHPDVRPRVWRGRVORVTXHXVDPRV,QWHUQHWWHOHIRQtDFHOXODURFXDOTXLHURWUR
PHGLRGHFRPXQLFDFLyQGLJLWDO
)XHQWH
,'5HYLVWDGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV,661
9ROXPHQ1~PHUR-XOLR'LFLHPEUHGHSS
-8$16(%$67,È1&È5'(1$6$5(1$6-2+$11$0$5&(/$68È5(=3('5$=$&$5/26$1'5e6
*8(55(52$/$5&Ï1
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR+DFLDXQDFRPXQLGDGGLJLWDOVRSRUWDGDHQ7,&SDUDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR
/RV HFRVLVWHPDV GLJLWDOHV VRQ DGDSWDEOHV D
GLIHUHQWHV GRPLQLRV RUJDQL]DFLRQDOHV SRU
HMHPSOR ORV DXWRUHV+DG]LF &KDQJ SUHVHQWDQODDSOLFDFLyQGHOPRGHORGHHFRVLVWHPD
GLJLWDO HQ HO GRPLQLR GH OD VDOXG ([SOLFDQ ODV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHXQHFRVLVWHPDGLJLWDOHQHVWH
GRPLQLR\H[SRQHQODLPSRUWDQFLDGHHVWDEOHFHU
XQD DUWLFXODFLyQ HQWUH FDGD XQR GH ORV
FRPSRQHQWHVTXHKDFHQSDUWHGHORVVLVWHPDVGH
LQIRUPDFLyQ\ODVLQIUDHVWUXFWXUDVWHFQROyJLFDV
(Q HO FRQWH[WR DFDGpPLFR XQ HFRVLVWHPD
GLJLWDO VH GH¿QH FRPR OD LQWHUDFFLyQ H
LQWHJUDFLyQGHWRGRVORVIDFWRUHVTXHLQWHUYLHQHQ
HQHOKDFHU\HOTXHKDFHUGHXQDLQVWLWXFLyQGH
HGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU(QHVWHHFRVLVWHPDDSDUHFHQ
IDFWRUHV FRPR ORV SURFHVRV GH LQYHVWLJDFLyQ
¿QDQFLDFLyQ HQWUH RWURV TXH VH DUWLFXODQ
HVWUHFKDPHQWHFRQORVSURFHVRVGHODDFDGHPLD
1DQNDQL6LPRII'HQL]H<RXQJ
0pWRGR
7LSRGHHVWXGLR
3DUDHOGHVDUUROORGHHVWHSUR\HFWRVHSURSXVR
XWLOL]DU HO WLSR GH LQYHVWLJDFLyQ FRUUHODFLRQDO
HVWH WLSR GH LQYHVWLJDFLyQ SHUPLWH PHGLU FRQ
SUHFLVLyQ YDULDEOHV LQGLYLGXDOHV GHVGH HO
FRPSRUWDPLHQWR GH RWUD X RWUDV YDULDEOHV
UHODFLRQDGDV HV GHFLU SUHGHFLU XQD YDORU
DSUR[LPDGRTXHWHQGUiXQJUXSRGHLQGLYLGXRV
HQXQDYDULDEOHDSDUWLUGHOYDORUTXHVHWLHQHHQ
ODPLVPDRHQODVYDULDEOHVUHODFLRQDGDV
0HWRGRORJtD
/DPHWRGRORJtDVHOHFFLRQDGDSDUDHOSUR\HFWR
VH GH¿QH SRU HO PRGHOR GH GHVDUUROOR
GHQRPLQDGR HQWUHJD SRU HWDSDV 0F&RQHOO
/D DSOLFDFLyQ GH HVWH PRGHOR SHUPLWLUi
OOHYDU D FDER ODV DFWLYLGDGHV HQ XQ RUGHQ
HVSHFt¿FR JDUDQWL]DQGR OD VHFXHQFLDOLGDG GH
FDGDXQD
)LJXUD0HWRGRORJtD(QWUHJDSRU(WDSDV
)XHQWH0F&RQHOO
,'5HYLVWDGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV,661
9ROXPHQ1~PHUR-XOLR'LFLHPEUHGHSS
-8$16(%$67,È1&È5'(1$6$5(1$6-2+$11$0$5&(/$68È5(=3('5$=$&$5/26$1'5e6
*8(55(52$/$5&Ï1
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR+DFLDXQDFRPXQLGDGGLJLWDOVRSRUWDGDHQ7,&SDUDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
3URFHGLPLHQWR
(QODSULPHUDIDVHGHOSUR\HFWRVHUHDOL]DURQ
GLIHUHQWHV DFWLYLGDGHV FRPR HQWUHYLVWDV
HQFXHVWDV \ DQiOLVLV FRQ H[SHUWRV SDUD OD
LGHQWL¿FDFLyQ GH ORV SURFHVRV DFDGpPLFRV
FDQGLGDWRVDVHUDXWRPDWL]DGRVHLQFOXLGRVHQHO
HFRVLVWHPD\SRVWHULRUPHQWHVHOOHYyDFDERXQD
FDUDFWHUL]DFLyQ GH GLFKRV SURFHVRV XWLOL]DQGR
80/FRPROHQJXDMHSDUDHOGLVHxRGHORVFDVRV
GHXVRGHQHJRFLRTXHGHVFULELUiQFDGDSURFHVR
HVWDGR GHO SUR\HFWR VH HQFXHQWUD HQ OD IDVH GH
GHVDUUROORGHODVDSOLFDFLRQHVSDUDGLVSRVLWLYRV
PyYLOHV TXH DSR\HQ SURFHVRV LQVWLWXFLRQDOHV
WRPDQGRFRPRSXQWRGHSDUWLGDHOQXHYRPRGHOR
DUTXLWHFWyQLFR GLVHxDGR SDUD OD SODWDIRUPD
WHFQROyJLFDGHODV876\ODFDUDFWHUL]DFLyQGH
ORVSURFHVRVDFDGpPLFRVLQVWLWXFLRQDOHV
3DUD OD FRUUHFWD LPSOHPHQWDFLyQ GH XQ
HFRVLVWHPD GLJLWDO HV QHFHVDULR FRQWDU FRQ XQD
LQIUDHVWUXFWXUD WHFQROyJLFD TXH OR SXHGD
VRSRUWDU SRU HVWD UD]yQ HO VLJXLHQWH SDVR VH
FHQWUyHQODFRPSUD\DGTXLVLFLyQGHVHUYLGRUHV
HTXLSRVSDUDGHVDUUROOR\GLVSRVLWLYRVQHFHVDULRV
SDUDGHVDUUROODUSUREDULPSOHPHQWDU\VRSRUWDU
ODHVWUXFWXUDGHOHFRVLVWHPDGLJLWDO
$UTXLWHFWXUDGH¿QLGD
/DDUTXLWHFWXUDTXHDFWXDOPHQWHVHHQFXHQWUD
HQSURFHVRGHLPSOHPHQWDFLyQHVVRSRUWDGDHQ
SDWURQHVRHVWLORVDUTXLWHFWyQLFRVTXH\DKDQVLGR
SUREDGRV HQ P~OWLSOHV FRQWH[WRV 3DUD
VHOHFFLRQDUORV VH UHDOL]y XQ DQiOLVLV GH OD
GH¿QLFLyQ GH ORV SDWURQHV ODV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV \
ORV HVFHQDULRV GH DSOLFDFLyQ HVWH DQiOLVLV
SHUPLWLyLGHQWL¿FDUORVSDWURQHVFDQGLGDWRV\GH
DFXHUGR D ODV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV SURSLDV GHO FDVR
DSOLFDGRORVTXHIXHURQVHOHFFLRQDGRVVHOLVWDQD
FRQWLQXDFLyQ
$ FRQWLQXDFLyQ VH UHDOL]y HO SURFHVR GH
GH¿QLFLyQ GH OD DUTXLWHFWXUD GH VRIWZDUH D
XWLOL]DU SDUD OD RUJDQL]DFLyQ GH ORV VLVWHPDV H
LQIUDHVWUXFWXUDGHODLQVWLWXFLyQ$FWXDOPHQWHHO
5HVXOWDGRV
7DEOD(VWLORVDUTXLWHFWyQLFRVXWLOL]DGRV
(VWLORDUTXLWHFWyQLFR
'HVFULSFLyQ
62$2ULHQWDGDD6HUYLFLRV(VWLORDUTXLWHFWyQLFRTXHSURYHHGHXQDLQIUDHVWUXFWXUDGHDOWRQLYHOSDUD
FUHDU VROXFLRQHV EDVDGDV HQ VHUYLFLRV GH DOWD FRKHVLyQ \ EDMR
DFRSODPLHQWR
/D\HUV&DSDV
8Q PRGHOR DUTXLWHFWyQLFR GH VLVWHPD SRU FDSDV VH RUJDQL]D
MHUiUTXLFDPHQWHFDGDFDSDSURSRUFLRQDVHUYLFLRVDODFDSDVXSHULRUTXH
DFW~DFRPRXQFOLHQWHGHODFDSDLQIHULRU
3LSHOLQHV7XEHUtDV)LOWURV (VWHHVWLORVHFDUDFWHUL]DSRUTXHFDGDFRPSRQHQWHWLHQHXQFRQMXQWRGH
HQWUDGDV\VDOLGDV8QFRPSRQHQWHOHHHOÀXMRGHGDWRVHQVXVHQWUDGDV\
SURGXFH FRUULHQWHV GH GDWRV VREUH VXV UHVXOWDGRV HQWUHJDQGR XQD
LQVWDQFLDFRPSOHWDGHORVUHVXOWDGRVHQXQRUGHQHVWiQGDU
)XHQWH*DUODQ6KDZQ
,'5HYLVWDGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV,661
9ROXPHQ1~PHUR-XOLR'LFLHPEUHGHSS
-8$16(%$67,È1&È5'(1$6$5(1$6-2+$11$0$5&(/$68È5(=3('5$=$&$5/26$1'5e6
*8(55(52$/$5&Ï1
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR+DFLDXQDFRPXQLGDGGLJLWDOVRSRUWDGDHQ7,&SDUDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
,QWHJUDFLyQ\GHVDUUROORGHFRPSRQHQWHV
3DUD OD LQWHJUDFLyQ GH ORV FRPSRQHQWHV \D
H[LVWHQWHV \ HO GHVDUUROOR GH ORV QXHYRV
FRPSRQHQWHVVHWRPDURQFRPROtQHDGHEDVHORV
SDWURQHV GH GLVHxR *R) \ RWURV SDWURQHV GH
GLVHxR TXH VRQ DPSOLDPHQWH HPSOHDGRV HQ HO
GHVDUUROOR GH VROXFLRQHV :HE TXH UHTXLHUHQ OD
LQWHJUDFLyQGHP~OWLSOHVSODWDIRUPDV(OXVRGH
ORV SDWURQHV SURPXHYH OD LPSOHPHQWDFLyQ GH
EXHQDVSUiFWLFDV\DSR\DHQPDQWHQLELOLGDGGH
ORVFRPSRQHQWHV$FRQWLQXDFLyQVHUHODFLRQDQ
ORVSDWURQHVXWLOL]DGRV
7DEOD3DWURQHVGH'LVHxR*R)XWLOL]DGRV
&DWHJRUtD
'HVFULSFLyQ
&UHDFLRQDOHV
ā %XLOGHU
ā )DFWRU\0HWKRG
ā 6LQJOHWRQ
(VWUXFWXUDOHV
ā 'HFRUDGRU
ā )DFDGH
'HFRPSRUWDPLHQWR ā ,WHUDWRU
ā 6WUDWHJ\
ā 7HPSODWH0HWKRG
)XHQWH*XHUUHUR6XiUH]*XWLpUUH]
GH 'DWRV SRU SDUWH GH PpWRGRV TXH
HVWpQGH¿QLGRVHQXQ6HUYLFLR:HE
)XHQWH*XHUUHURHWDO
$SOLFDFLyQGHVDUUROODGD876'LJLWDO9
$ SDUWLU GH ORV SURFHVRV LGHQWL¿FDGRV FRPR
SRVLEOHV FDQGLGDWRV D VHU LPSOHPHQWDGRV HQ HO
HFRVLVWHPD GLJLWDO DFDGpPLFR VH VHOHFFLRQy HO
SURFHVRGHHYDOXDFLyQGRFHQWHLQVWLWXFLRQDOOD
UD]yQSULQFLSDOSDUDHVFRJHUORVHIXQGDPHQWyHQ
HOLPSDFWRGHHVWHSURFHVRHQWRGDODFRPXQLGDG
DFDGpPLFD SXHVWR TXH SDUWLFLSDQ DOUHGHGRU GH
SHUVRQDV HQWUH HVWXGLDQWHV GRFHQWHV \
DGPLQLVWUDWLYRVGLVWULEXLGRVHQODVVHGHVGHOD
LQVWLWXFLyQ/DDSOLFDFLyQHVWiGLVHxDGDSDUDTXH
VH UHDOLFH HO SURFHVR GH SUHVHQWDFLyQ GH OD
HYDOXDFLyQ GRFHQWH SRU PHGLR GHO GLVSRVLWLYR
PyYLO DFWXDOL]DQGR OD LQIRUPDFLyQ HQ WLHPSR
UHDOGHPRGRTXHHQHOSRUWDOZHEVHPDQWLHQHOD
PLVPD LQIRUPDFLyQ (Q OD VLJXLHQWH LPDJHQ VH
SUHVHQWD XQD LQWHUID] GH OD DSOLFDFLyQ PyYLO
GHVDUUROODGDSDUDSODWDIRUPD$QGURLG
$ FRQWLQXDFLyQ VH UHODFLRQDQ RWURV SDWURQHV
XWLOL]DGRV
7DEOD2WURVSDWURQHVGHGLVHxRXWLOL]DGRV
1RPEUH 8VRHQHOSUR\HFWR
GHOSDWUyQ
0yGXOR ā & U H D F L y Q G H V X E V L V W H P D V
LQGHSHQGLHQWHV\5HXWLOL]DEOHV
09&
ā6HSDUDFLyQGHORVGDWRV\ODOyJLFDGH
Q H J R F L R S D U D I D F L O L W D U O D
$FWXDOL]DFLyQ\PDQWHQLPLHQWR
$GDSWHU ā5HXWLOL]DFLyQ GH HVWUXFWXUDV GH
)RUPXODULRV\/LVWDGR
%ULGJH ā&RQWURODUHODFFHVRGLUHFWRDOD%DVH
)LJXUD ,QWHUID] GH DSOLFDFLyQ PyYLO
GHVDUUROODGD
,'5HYLVWDGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV,661
9ROXPHQ1~PHUR-XOLR'LFLHPEUHGHSS
-8$16(%$67,È1&È5'(1$6$5(1$6-2+$11$0$5&(/$68È5(=3('5$=$&$5/26$1'5e6
*8(55(52$/$5&Ï1
(FRVLVWHPD'LJLWDO$FDGpPLFR+DFLDXQDFRPXQLGDGGLJLWDOVRSRUWDGDHQ7,&SDUDODVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGHHGXFDFLyQVXSHULRU
&RQFOXVLRQHV
(O SULQFLSDO UHWR SDUD OD LPSOHPHQWDFLyQ GH
SUR\HFWRV GH LQWHJUDFLyQ GH SODWDIRUPDV HV HO
IDFWRUKXPDQRVHSHUFLEHXQDEDUUHUDSRUSDUWH
GHORVDGPLQLVWUDGRUHVDFWXDOHVGHFDGDVLVWHPD
DOPRPHQWRGHUHDOL]DUODLQWHJUDFLyQ
&UHDU DUTXLWHFWXUDV VLQ XQD OtQHD GH EDVH HV
GLVSHQGLRVR\DXPHQWDHOWLHPSRGHGHVDUUROOR
GHOSUR\HFWRHOXVRGHSDWURQHVDUTXLWHFWyQLFRV\
GH GLVHxR SHUPLWHQ RSWLPL]DU WLHPSR \ GH¿QLU
VROXFLRQHV GH FDOLGDG EDVDGDV HQ EXHQDV
SUiFWLFDV
'HVDUUROORGH$SOLFDFLRQHV2ULHQWDGDVDOD:HE
,QIRUPDFLyQ 7HFQROyJLFD GRL6
*XWLpUUH] / ( $UTXLWHFWXUD
6RIWZDUH ,QYHVWLJDFLyQ $SOLFDGD D OD
& R Q V W U X F F L y Q G H 0 D U F R V G H 7U D E D M R %XFDUDPDQJD&RORPELD6LF(GLWRULDO/WGD
+DG]LF0&KDQJ($SSOLFDWLRQ
RI 'LJLWDO (FRV\VWHP 'HVLJQ 0HWKRGRORJ\
:LWKLQ WKH +HDOWK 'RPDLQ ,(((7UDQVDFWLRQV
RQ 6\VWHPV 0DQ DQG &\EHUQHWLFV 3DUW $
6 \ V W H P V D Q G + X P D Q V GRL760&$
5HIHUHQFLDV
%DVV/&OHPHQWV3.D]PDQ5
6RIWZDUH $UFKLWHFWXUH LQ 3UDFWLFH UG HG
%RVWRQ0DVVDFKXVHWWV86$$GGLVRQ:HVOH\
)XHQWHV / 9DOOHFLOOR $ 8QD
LQWURGXFFLyQ D ORV SHU¿OHV 80/ 1RYiWLFD
5HYLVWD GH /D $VRFLDFLyQ GH 7pFQLFRV GH
,QIRUPiWLFD
*DUODQ ' 6KDZQ 0 $Q
LQWURGXFWLRQ WR 6RIWZDUH $UFKLWHFWXUH
$GYDQFHV LQ VRIWZDUH HQJLQHHULQJ DQG
NQRZOHGJHHQJLQHHULQJ3LWWVEXUJK3$
*XHUUHUR&$6XiUH]-0*XWLpUUH]
/ ( 3DWURQHV GH 'LVHxR *2) 7KH
*DQJ RI )RXU HQ HO FRQWH[WR GH 3URFHVRV GH
,'5HYLVWDGH,QYHVWLJDFLRQHV,661
9ROXPHQ1~PHUR-XOLR'LFLHPEUHGHSS
+DG]LF0&KDQJ('LOORQ7
0HWKRGRORJ\ IUDPHZRUN IRU WKH GHVLJQ RI
GLJLWDOHFRV\VWHPV,Q,(((,QWHUQDWLRQDO
&RQIHUHQFH RQ 6\VWHPV 0DQ DQG &\EHUQHWLFV
SS 0RQWUHDO 4XHEHF &DQDGD ,(((
GRL,&60&
0F&RQHOO6'HVDUUROOR\*HVWLRQGH
3UR\HFWRV,QIRUPDWLFRV0DGULG0DF*UDZ+LOO
1DQNDQL(6LPRII6'HQL]H6<RXQJ
/ (QWHUSULVH XQLYHUVLW\ DV D GLJLWDO
HFRV\VWHP 9LVXDO DQDO\VLV RI DFDGHPLF
FROODERUDWLRQ ,Q UG ,((( ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
&RQIHUHQFH RQ 'LJLWDO (FRV\VWHPV DQG
7HFKQRORJLHVSS(VWDPEXO7XUTXtD
,(((GRL'(67