LIFE and climate change report

ASTRALE ‘gamma-CONTRACT’ Climate Change Thematic Study Thomas Mayer Contribution of LIFE projects to the implementation and further development of EU climate change policies and legislation February 2015 (Ver 3) ASTRALE ‘GAMMA-CONTRACT’ Climate Change Thematic Study Contribution of LIFE projects to the implementation and further development of EU climate change policies and legislation © LIFE07 Author Mr Thomas Mayer February 2015 (Ver 3) Table of contents 1 Executive summary .................................................................................................................. 6 2 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 7 2.1 Principal objectives of the study ......................................................................................... 7 2.2 Methodology of this study ................................................................................................... 8 2.3 Limitations of the Study .................................................................................................... 10 2.4 Using this study: Searching rather than reading ............................................................... 11 3 EU climate policies and related legislation .......................................................................... 12 3.1 The 20-20-20 targets and the Europe 2020 Strategy ....................................................... 12 3.2 Mitigation .......................................................................................................................... 12 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 The Climate and Energy Package .................................................................................... 12 Emissions and removals related to land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) ... 13 The transport sector .......................................................................................................... 13 3.3 Adaptation ......................................................................................................................... 14 3.3.1 4 EU Adaptation Strategy .................................................................................................... 14 LIFE’s position within the overall suite of EU climate finance tools ................................. 15 4.1 The mainstreaming approach ........................................................................................... 15 4.2 Targeted funding instruments ........................................................................................... 16 4.2.1 4.2.2 NER300 – low-carbon technology development ............................................................... 16 LIFE - innovative climate projects ..................................................................................... 16 5 Development of climate change categories ......................................................................... 18 6 Overview of LIFE projects in graphs .................................................................................... 21 6.1 Numbers of projects and years selected .......................................................................... 21 6.2 Climate change projects in the LIFE strands, years and regions ..................................... 21 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.2.3 Distribution of projects and EU contribution by country .................................................... 23 EU contribution per project ............................................................................................... 25 Scoring of climate change projects ................................................................................... 27 6.3 Graphs on general categories .......................................................................................... 29 6.3.1 6.3.2 Who initiates and coordinates LIFE projects? ................................................................... 29 Phases of the solution cycle ............................................................................................. 30 6.4 Graphs on adaptation projects .......................................................................................... 31 6.4.1 Lists of adaptation projects, grouped by different resources affected by climate change 31 6.5 Graphs on mitigation projects ........................................................................................... 32 6.5.1 Sectors active in mitigation via LIFE ................................................................................. 32 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 2 / 11 Section B: 7 All projects in clusters ........................................................................................... 33 Lists of selected project clusters .......................................................................................... 34 7.1 Adaptation projects ........................................................................................................... 34 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.4 7.1.5 7.1.6 7.1.7 7.1.8 7.1.9 Resource affected: Agriculture & Forestry ........................................................................ 36 Resource affected: Marine resources ............................................................................... 38 Resource affected: Biodiversity (species and habitats) .................................................... 39 Resource affected: Human health and comfort ................................................................ 40 Resource affected: Infrastructure/ disaster prevention ..................................................... 41 Resource affected: Water cycle/resources management/prediction ................................. 43 Resource affected: Social: migration, social tension, jobs. No LIFE projects available. .. 44 Resource affected: Unspecific private education /response ............................................. 44 INF (LIFE Information and Communication ) projects on adaptation ................................ 45 7.2 Mitigation projects ............................................................................................................. 46 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 7.2.4 7.2.5 7.2.6 7.2.7 7.2.8 7.2.9 7.2.10 7.2.11 7.2.12 7.2.13 7.2.13.1 7.2.13.2 7.2.13.3 7.2.13.4 7.2.13.5 7.2.13.6 7.2.13.7 7.2.14 Energy supply: Power/fossil combustion (decrease fuel consumption) ............................ 48 Energy supply: carbon capture and storage (end-of-pipe) ............................................... 49 Energy supply: Alternative energy supply ......................................................................... 50 Energy supply: Energy demand response (shifting the time of demand) ......................... 59 Energy consumption: Urban (public budget) non-specific energy saving/efficiency ......... 60 Energy consumption: Buildings/housing ........................................................................... 62 Energy consumption: Industrial production ....................................................................... 66 Energy consumption: Transport/mobility (including road) ................................................. 71 Energy consumption non-road: Rail, aviation and ships ................................................... 75 Energy consumption: Agriculture ...................................................................................... 76 Energy consumption: LULUCF - Land use, land use change and forestry ....................... 79 Energy consumption: non-specific private/bottom-up change of habits ............................ 82 Non-CO2 emissions .......................................................................................................... 85 Non-CO2 emissions: Agriculture/livestock waste .............................................................. 86 Other non-CO2 emissions from Agriculture ....................................................................... 87 Non-CO2 emissions: Methane from bogs ......................................................................... 88 Non-CO2 emissions: Industrial processes ........................................................................ 89 Non-CO2 emissions: Waste .............................................................................................. 90 Non-CO2 emissions: Landfill gas ...................................................................................... 91 Non-CO2 emissions: Other/general .................................................................................. 92 INF (Information and Communication) projects on adaptation ......................................... 92 7.3 Crosscutting topics and projects ....................................................................................... 94 7.3.1 7.3.2 Crosscutting topic: greenhouse gas monitoring ................................................................ 94 Crosscutting projects with a broad scope ......................................................................... 96 Section C: Conclusions and recommendations ................................................................... 103 Annexes Annex 1: ..Database of LIFE climate change projects (electronic file) .................................... 107 Annex 2: ..List of all 59 adaptation projects ................................................................................. 108 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 3 / 11 Figures Figure 1: Climate relevant projects funded each year (2000 – 2012). ............................................ 21 Figure 2: Number of climate projects by LIFE strand (branch) ........................................................ 22 Figure 3: Distribution of projects by country for the years 2000-2012 ............................................. 23 Figure 4: Average EU contribution per project ................................................................................ 25 Figure 4: Scoring of projects ........................................................................................................... 27 Figure 5: Level of governance in climate change projects. ............................................................. 29 Figure 6: Projects by phase of the “solution” cycle [in % of the number of projects]. ...................... 30 Figure 7: Adaptation projects resource affected by climate change [in % of 59 adaptation projects]. ......................................................................................................................................................... 31 Figure 8: Mitigation projects by sectors (coarse) ............................................................................. 32 Figure 9: Mitigation projects by sectors (detail) ............................................................................... 32 Figure 10: Adaptation projects by country ....................................................................................... 34 Figure 11: Mitigation projects by country ......................................................................................... 46 Figure 12: Subdivision of projects on alternative energy supply. .................................................... 50 Figure 13: Non CO2 greenhouse gas emissions: Budget and EU contribution. .............................. 85 Figure 14: Non CO2 greenhouse gas emissions: project numbers by LIFE strands ....................... 85 Image on the front page Taken from “EU strategy on adaptation to Climate Change Media resource sheet” European Commission - MEMO/13/335 16/04/2013: Change in summer precipitation for 2071–2100 vs 1961–1990 (%) Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 4 / 11 Abbreviations BIO LIFE Biodiversity Projects CC Climate Change DG Directorate General DG CLIMA Directorate General Climate Action DG ENV Directorate General Environment DG MARE Directorate General for Maritime Affairs and Fisheries EEA European Environment Agency EC European Commission EIA Environmental Impact Assessment ENV LIFE Environment Policy and Governance strand EU European Union GHG Greenhouse Gas GIS Geographical Information System GMES Global Monitoring for Environment and Security INF LIFE Information and Communication strand (of the LIFE+ programme 2007 – 2013) IPPC Directive 96/61/EC and 2010/75/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control) LIFE + European Union Financial Instrument for the Environment (2007-2013) LIFE III European Union Financial Instrument for the Environment (2000-2006) LIFEtrack LIFE programme monitoring database LULUCF Land use, land use change and forestry NAT LIFE Nature and Biodiversity strand Natura 2000 The EU wide network of nature protection areas established under Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (Habitats Directive) NGO Non-Governmental Organisation PRE LIFE Preparatory projects RBMP River Basin Management Plan TCY LIFE Third Countries strand UNEP United Nations Environment Programme WFD Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy (Water Framework Directive) VOC Volatile Organic Compound Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 5 / 11 1 Executive summary This thematic LIFE study provides information on solutions brought by the LIFE programme to mitigation or adaptation to climate change. The study is targeted at experts within the EC (especially DG CLIMA) as well as to the general public, who search for reference LIFE projects in various fields related to climate change. In view of the very high number of projects linked to climate change (CC) - 366 projects - it was decided to take a two-phase approach. This study comprises the first phase: It identifies projects relevant to CC, classifies them and makes it easy to filter by specific search criteria. These may be questions such as: • “Which LIFE projects have covered a certain subtopic?” • “Has LIFE already funded a project similar to a new proposal?” • “Which projects should contact each other due to similarities?” To this end, the study contains a large part of more than 50 small project clusters of systematically defined sub-topics of climate change. In addition, it comes with a spreadsheet database, which contains additional information on the projects and strong filter features. Based on the structured information collated during this first phase, in a later second phase it will be possible to conduct a more detailed analysis of sub-topics such as ‘climate change and industrial processes’ or ‘climate change in agriculture’, (i.e. comparable to the previous thematic studies). Impressive scope of the LIFE programme After the clusters were categorised into graphs and lists, it became clear that the LIFE programme delivers an impressive scope of solutions and innovative approaches concerning the full range of sub-topics of climate change. • With 366 projects funded, climate change is a major theme in the LIFE programme. • Between 2000 and 2012, the EU contributed about 350 m€ to projects relevant for climate change with a total budget of some 900 m€. The breadth of coverage is also impressive: the LIFE programme has dealt with all bar one of more than 50 CC subtopics. Although there are more projects in some categories (e.g. ‘housing/construction’. ‘industry’ or ‘road transport’) than in others (e.g. ‘railway’), at this stage of analysis, the funding programme appears fairly balanced in terms of thematic coverage, as well as in other aspects examined. However, three issues of imbalance were also found: • There is a striking regional imbalance, with two countries (Spain and Italy) dominating the LIFE projects. • There is an imbalance between the two main themes, as adaptation with 59 projects lags behind mitigation with 335 projects. • A third imbalance concerns the topic ‘Social: migration, social tension, jobs’. So far, this social tension topic is not visible in LIFE projects. The classifications developed during this study have provided a suitable structure for the broad topic of climate change. As no such structure had been found at the outset, it may be an additional benefit of this study. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 6 / 11 2 Introduction The LIFE Environment and Eco-Innovation Unit (now LIFE Environment Unit) requested that Astrale GEIE should, in the context of the Enhancing Tasks of LIFE monitoring contracts, assess the contribution of LIFE projects to the implementation, dissemination and further development of a number of EU environmental policies and legislation. Starting with the ‘pilot study’ in 2011 focusing in particular on waste and resource efficiency, Astrale GEIE developed a methodology that has subsequently been used and adapted to produce a series of thematic studies including, waste, air & noise, soil, water and most recently, marine environment. In 2014, the LIFE Unit requested a similar piece of work that would focus on the adaptation to and mitigation of the negative effects of climate change (prepared as part of Astrale Gamma contract 2014). 2.1 Principal objectives of the study Astrale GEIE’s communications remit covers a range of tasks (updating the LIFE website, compilations of new and Best projects, digital newsletters, etc). Part of this remit covers the production of thematic studies and LIFE Focus (thematic) brochures. In 2014, it was agreed to produce both a thematic study and LIFE ENV Focus brochure on climate change. The following table outlines the different objectives of each : Thematic study Thematic brochure (LIFE Focus) Author LIFE Monitoring Team • Show how projects implement EU legislation. • Show which LIFE projects have dealt with the topic and with which subtopics (classification, clusters). • Provide a basis for further research for information by the user (e.g. to find projects addressing a certain issue or to compare a new project proposal with what has been previously funded) • Provide a basis for the thematic brochure LIFE Communications Team • LIFE Focus brochures provide an overview of LIFE’s work in a particular thematic area. In particular, they describe LIFE’s contribution to the implementation of relevant policy through its projects. • • Sometimes the EC directs a brochure to aid an actual policy process (e.g. revision of strategy etc.) • Analysis of the impact of projects at programme level (individual projects only are used to highlight the programme’s activities). • Designed to have a public relations function (e.g. dissemination at sectoral events etc.) • Feature articles highlighting the relevant work of groups of projects in four or five policy (sub)topics of current interest to the EC. • In-depth features on individual projects that are representative of the chosen theme. These are conducted by journalists and include interviews and project visits. • Interviews with selected experts and other topic-related input. Purpose Scope • All LIFE projects bystrand (ENV/ NAT), within a specific theme, and a plausible period (e.g. after 2003) • Short abstracts of projects (objectives, results as available in LIFE project database) Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 7 / 11 • Print-ready Pdf • Report document with mainly text and tables • Professional layout • If suitable, Excel table for filtering and • Incorporates professional design search elements, high-quality photos, infographics, foreword, interviews, feature articles, project list. Printed for thematic dissemination at events and via OPOCE. Distribution • PDF circulation to selected experts in • Printed brochure for the general EC public, policymakers, practitioners and (EC) experts in the thematic • Online at LIFE homepage and “Other field.. publications” page for download • Online on the LIFE homepage and • If appropriate, presentation at Green LIFE programme publications “Focus Week and/or other EU events publications“ page for download • If appropriate, presentation at Green Week and/or other EU events • Ideally, work to start after the • If possible, before the thematic Timing brochure thematic study is completed, so that the study can be used in project selection. Layout As an additional requirement, DG CLIMA requested that the thematic study should support the selection of LIFE climate action projects in future LIFE calls. It would do this by providing an overview of what LIFE has done to date, by identifying climate change sub-topics that may have received less (or no) support, and by making it possible to quickly identify whether or not project proposals were similar to already-funded LIFE projects. . Based on the requirements outlined above, the thematic study can thus be said to have the following specific objectives: • Present the main current EU policies and legislation regarding CC • Review all climate change-related LIFE projects to examine trends and costs of implementation (both total and EU contributions). • Develop sub-topics and categories in order to subdivide the wide spectrum of climate-relevant topics. • Group the large number of projects by these categories. • Check for imbalances in the climate change field of the LIFE programme. • Provide a tool for quick access to relevant projects in order to aid the selection of climate relevant projects in the upcoming LIFE calls. 2.2 Methodology of this study The format and content of the report greatly differs from the previous study reports produced for the waste, water, air, noise and maritime sectors. At the beginning of the study, it was not clear how many LIFE climate projects there had been, since projects prior to LIFE+ (2007 onwards) were not tagged with a climate identifier. Identifying appropriate projects involved the following steps: Firstly, projects that were obviously irrelevant to climate were excluded;; secondly, projects approved before the year 2000 were excluded (with the exception of 14 projects from 1994 to 1999 that appeared interesting). This left a ‘long list’ of more than 650 LIFE projects from 2000 to 2012 that had to be checked manually. Analysis of the Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 8 / 11 background and objectives sections of the online project summaries of each of these projects led to the final list of 366 relevant projects. Projects approved in 2011 and 2012 have only recently started and many more are still ongoing and haven't been completed. They have been included in the scope of the study as it is important to know who is currently working on which topic. Underperforming and failed projects have also been included as they may provide valuable information for projects with similar objectives. It was decided that instead of cherry-picking 50 projects to to give a cross-section of the range of LIFE projects within the climate change topic, it would be much more helpful to provide a tool for experts and those responsible for managing the LIFE programme: A tool to search the data and pinpoint projects that match a precise user query. As for previous thematic studies, the first step was to research the policy background and current developments. The author then used two databases to find LIFE projects in the field of climate change. These were the Astrale internal LIFEtrack database and the (public-facing) LIFE project database, available online at the LIFE website1. By combining these sources, the author is confident that all relevant projects have been captured. By then it was clear that there would be more projects on the topic than in previous thematic studies and the reader – or rather, user – would require a tool in order to: 1) Filter an appropriate set of projects from the total number of climate change projects, 2) Put the resulting information into lists, which can easily be scanned;; and 3) Provide links to further details regarding the individual projects. Regarding the first requirement, five to 20 projects appeared the optimum number. Precise categorisation of the 366 total366 climate change projects would thus be essential to achieving this target. The importance of defining such categories often is undervalued. Their development is described in an later chapter. The categories proved very useful as a means of finding the clusters of projects listed in section B of this report. The second requirement was to make the filtered results both compact and comprehensible. Each project has an acronym, however, this by itself normally cannot explain what the project is about. Conversely, the full project title may be 20 words or more (e.g. Zero Emission Firing strategies for ceramic tiles by oxy-fuel burners and CO2 sequestration with recycling of by-products), which can make reading through a list of selected projects rather strenuous. Therefore the author – after reading the “background”, “objective” and “results” paragraphs for each project – created an ultra-short descriptor for each project. For the above example it was “Oxy-firing and CO2 sequestration in greenhouse”. The third requirement for the user is to have easy access to more detailed information. Thus we have included the background, objectives and results sections of each relevant project summary in the spreadsheet database that is an integral part of this study. An example of how the information is presented in the print version of the study is shown below: Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE12.ENV/IT/000424 LIFE ZEF-tile: 7/13-12/15 Oxy-firing and CO2 sequestration in greenhouse (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1.257 Arturo GHINI ammini Link web (593) strazione.piera@ceram site icaalta.com − 1 LIFE project database: http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/project/Projects/index.cfm Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 9 / 11 In the database version, the same example project is presented as follows: LIFE12.ENV/IT/000424 LIFE ZEF-tile Oxy-firing and CO2 sequestration in greenhouse Background When firing tiles, CO2 is released due to the oxidation of natural gas. The amount of CO2 produced per unit mass of finished product ranges from 90 to 125 g/kg in the case of single firing, and up to 140 g/kg in the case of ‘porcelainised’ stoneware. Moreover, since air is used as a source of oxygen in the burners, large quantities of nitrogen are introduced to the firing kiln and NOx are generated. Objectives The objective of the LIFE ZEF-tile project is to demonstrate the feasibility of applying oxy-fuel technologies to the firing stage of ceramic tile production in order facilitate CO2 sequestration. By using pure oxygen, instead of air, to burn hydrocarbons such as methane, the exhaust gases will contain only CO2 and water vapour. As a result, it will no longer be necessary to heat the inert gases contained in air and thus waste energy in continuously heating and cooling gases not directly involved in the combustion process. Moreover, it will lead to a proportional reduction in the volume of exhaust gas, which can then be processed easily due to its simple composition. For this purpose, the project will set up a demonstrative roller kiln with burners modified in order to use pure oxygen. As part of the process, water vapour will be condensed in order to leave a stream of almost pure CO2, which will then be subjected to sequestration techniques. The project team will assess the effect of using part of the CO2 flux to boost plants and vegetables growth in a greenhouse, and will compress and store another part in liquid form to be used in different ways. For example, one part will be immobilised in mineral to be further recycled as raw material in the manufacture of other ceramic products. Expected results: • An innovative zero emission firing process for ceramic tiles;; • Direct recycling of 100% of the gas processing by-products of ceramic tile production as milling or glazing water, and as carbonates for ceramic body composition;; • Zero particulate emissions, due to the ideal combustion conditions in the oxy-fuel burners and to the installation of ash filters;; • Reduced heat losses from exhaust gases due to the use of heat exchangers and the reduction in gas volume;; • Condensable flue gases (CO2 and H2O), making compression separation possible;; • A 95% reduction in the production of NOx by using technically pure oxygen;; 2.3 Limitations of the Study There are several limiting factors that should be taken into consideration when reading this study: • . Although the Kyoto protocol was agreed in December 1997, it was only in 2004, with the addition of the keyword ‘climate protection’, that it became possible to precisely identify climate- relevant LIFE projects. From 2007 (LIFE+) applicants have been able to mark their proposal as climate change relevant. February 2010 saw the creation of two new relevant Directorates- Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 10 / 11 General within the European Commission: DG Energy (ENER) and DG Climate Action (CLIMA)2. • Since DG CLIMA begun sharing responsibility for the management of the LIFE programme in 2014, its interests largely guided the terms and scope of this study. Since nearly all CO2 emitted by human activities stems from energy generation/consumption, it was deamed impractical to separate climate projects from energy projects. Astrale and DG CLIMA agreed at the outset that climate-relevant energy projects may be dealt with separately in a future study. • The topic climate change is – via its main emission source: combustion of fossil fuels - very closely related to energy generation and energy consumption. Accordingly, it is present in a wide range of branches and activities – and in turn in a very high number of LIFE projects. This fact makes it necessary to approach the topic in two steps: Firstly to identify and classify climate change relevant projects and secondly to choose sub-topics of climate change and go into a more detailed analysis (comparable to the previous thematic studies). The second step can only be done after the first one. This study therefore concentrates on the first of these two steps and has produced a database and search tool covering the breadth of climate change LIFE projects. The discussion of individual projects and the highlighting of their results are left for the user or for further detailed studies in the future (e.g. on climate change mitigation in agriculture, industry or energy supply). This approach proves to be of high value for users who need to find answers to questions such as • Which LIFE projects have covered a certain climate change subtopic? • Has LIFE already funded projects similar to a newly-submitted proposal? • Which beneficiaries should contact each other due to similarities in their projects? For the general public, Astrale has produced a LIFE Focus brochure on LIFE and Climate change mitigation. A second publication, LIFE and Climate change adaptation, will follow in 2015. 2.4 Using this study: Searching rather than reading There are five to 10 times more climate change projects than there were projects for the topics of previous thematic studies. Climate change is closely interlinked with energy consumption and material transformation/processing (e.g. CO2) as well as natural decomposition (e.g. CH4) and chemical processes (e.g. nitrous oxide), which in turn are a considerable part of any human activity and of any LIFE project. The present study does not review single projects, but instead, as a first step makes climate change projects visible and puts them in clusters. From those clusters projects may be chosen and analysed in more detail in future studies. How to use the study: The author suggests to read the overview first and then select the short project lists closest to a specific search topic. Searching is made easy by two features: • In order to find the right projects the author has developed stringent categories with as little overlap as possible (see chapter ‘Development of categories’) and applied them to all projects. • In order to allow for quick scanning through projects the author created a condensed project descriptor of four to eight words for each of the 366 projects, pinpointing its objective. These two features were found to be crucial from the outset and therefore much of the work for this study consisted in their implementation. 2 http://ec.europa.eu/commission_2010-2014/oettinger/headlines/news/2010/02/20100217_en.htm Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 11 / 11 3 EU climate policies and related legislation3 With a view to facilitating a transition towards a green, low carbon and resource efficient economy and contributing to a more climate-resilient Europe, the DG's strategy addresses both mitigation and adaptation needs in an integrated approach. 3.1 The 20-20-20 targets and the Europe 2020 Strategy The European Union strongly acknowledges that tackling climate change is one of the greatest challenges facing the world. The need for urgent action is clearly reflected in the EU’s ambitious climate and energy package, a set of binding legislation establishing three targets for 2020 (known as the "20-20-20 targets"): • 20% reduction in EU greenhouse gas emissions from 1990 levels (or even 30% if other major economies agree to undertake their fair share of a global emissions reduction effort);; • Raising the share of EU energy consumption produced from renewable resources to 20%;; • A 20% improvement in the EU's energy efficiency. Climate change and energy sustainability are also included among the five headline targets of the Europe 2020 Strategy, launched in 2010 to create the conditions for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. In the same year, the EU established an ad-hoc Directorate-General for Climate Action (DG CLIMA) to help the Commission in the development and implementation of a broad and diversified range of climate policies. 3.2 Mitigation 3.2.1 The Climate and Energy Package The Climate and Energy Package comprises four pieces of complementary legislation, which are intended to achieve the 20-20-20 targets:4 1. The EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) Review The EU ETS is the cornerstone of EU climate policies and the key tool for cutting industrial greenhouse gas emissions most cost-effectively. The climate and energy package includes a comprehensive revision and strengthening of the legislation which underpins the EU ETS, the Emissions Trading Directive (2003/87/EC). The revision applies from 2013, the start of the third trading period of the EU ETS. Major changes include the introduction of a single EU-wide cap on emission allowances in place of the existing system of national caps. The cap will be cut each year so that by 2020 emissions will be 21% below the 2005 level. The free allocation of allowances will be progressively replaced by auctioning, starting with the power sector. The scope of sectors and gases covered by the system will be slightly widened. 3 This chapter and the following one (LIFE’s position within the overall suite of EU climate finance tools)‘ were kindly contributed by DG Climate Action (Unit A2 Climate finance and deforestation). 4 The climate and energy package does not address the energy efficiency target directly. This is being done through the 2011 Energy Efficiency Plan and the Energy Efficiency Directive by DG ENERGY. More information at <http://ec.europa.eu/energy/efficiency/index_en.htm>. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 12 / 11 2. The Effort Sharing Decision: national targets for non-EU ETS emissions Under the so-called Effort Sharing Decision, Member States have committed to binding annual targets for reducing their greenhouse gas emissions from the sectors not covered by the EU ETS, such as housing, agriculture, waste and transport (excluding aviation and international maritime shipping). Around 60% of the EU's total emissions come from sectors outside the EU ETS. The national targets, covering the period 2013-2020, are differentiated according to Member States' relative wealth (measured by GDP per capita). They range from a 20% emissions reduction (compared to 2005) by the richest Member States to a 20% increase by the least wealthy (though this will still require a limitation effort by all countries). Member States must report on their emissions annually under the EU monitoring mechanism. 3. The Renewable Energy Directive: national renewable energy targets Under the Renewable Energy Directive (2009/28/EC), Member States have taken on binding national targets for raising the share of renewable energy in their energy consumption by 2020. These targets, which reflect Member States' different starting points and potential for increasing renewables production, range from 10% in Malta to 49% in Sweden. The national targets will enable the EU as a whole to reach its 20% renewable energy target for 2020 - more than double the 2010 level of 9.8% - as well as a 10% share of renewable energy in the transport sector. The targets will also help to cut greenhouse gas emissions and reduce the EU’s dependence on imported energy. 4. The Carbon Capture and Storage Directive: geological storage of carbon dioxide The fourth element of the climate and energy package is a directive (in preparation) creating a legal framework for the environmentally safe use of carbon capture and storage technologies. Carbon capture and storage involves capturing the carbon dioxide emitted by industrial processes and storing it in underground geological formations where it does not contribute to global warming. The directive covers all CO2 storage in geological formations in the EU and lays down requirements which apply to the entire lifetime of storage sites. 3.2.2 Emissions and removals related to land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) Emissions and removals related to land use, land use change and forestry (LULUCF) are not covered by the EU ETS Directive or the Effort Sharing Decision. In the light of a decision by UNFCCC parties in December 2011 to revise accounting rules for GHG emissions and removals from soils and forests, in March 2012 the European Commission made a proposal to harmonise accounting rules for these emissions and removals across the EU as a first step towards incorporating agriculture and forestry into the EU's emission-reduction efforts. Following the approval of the proposal by the Council and the European Parliament, the decision entered into force on 8 July 2013. The EU decision requires Member States to report on their actions to increase removals and decrease emissions of GHG from activities related to forestry and agriculture. The legislation goes further than the UNFCCC decision by phasing in mandatory accounting for grassland management and cropland management at the level of Member States. This will enhance the overall environmental integrity of GHG accounting in the EU by making it more complete. Accounting for the draining and rewetting of wetlands will remain voluntary, as in the international context. The EU decision does not set a target for emission reductions in the LULUCF sector. The Commission will consider whether to propose GHG targets for agriculture and forestry sectors once the accounting rules have proven their value. 3.2.3 The transport sector The transport sector is the second biggest producer of greenhouse gas emissions in the EU. More than two thirds of transport-related greenhouse gas emissions are from road transport. Whilst emissions from other sectors are generally falling, those from transport have increased 36% since Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 13 / 11 1990. The EU has policies in place to reduce emissions from a range of modes of transport. These include: Extension of the EU ETS to emissions from aviation (until 2016, only flights to and from the EU and the three EEA-EFTA states);; Strategy to reduce CO2 emissions from new light-duty vehicles (passenger cars and vans), which includes binding emissions targets;; Strategy to reduce CO2 emissions from new heavy-duty vehicles (HDV) in both freight and passenger transport, which focuses on short-term action to certify, report and monitor emissions from truck and buses;; CO2 labelling of cars, including a label showing a car's fuel efficiency and CO2 emissions;; A Low Carbon Fuel Standard which requires a reduction of the greenhouse gas intensity of vehicle fuels by up to 10% by 2020. 3.3 Adaptation Climate change mitigation and adaptation action must be developed hand in hand. To avoid the most serious risks of climate change, global warming must be limited to below 2ºC above pre- industrial level. Yet, however successful mitigation is, the impacts of climate change will keep increasing in the coming decades. Adaptation action can address many of these risks: for instance, each euro spent on flood protection could save six euros in damage costs. Several measures provide co-benefits, such as in energy, agriculture or forestry. 3.3.1 EU Adaptation Strategy The Commission adopted an EU Adaptation Strategy in April 2013. It promotes adaptation action in order to contribute to a more climate-resilient Europe. The Strategy aims to complement the activities of Member States by supporting the promotion of greater coordination and information-sharing, and by ensuring that adaptation considerations are addressed in all relevant EU policies. The Strategy focuses on three key objectives: • Promoting action by Member States: The Commission will encourage all Member States to adopt comprehensive adaptation strategies (currently 16 have strategies) and will provide funding to help them build up their adaptation capacities and take action. The Strategy specifically refers to LIFE funding, which is aimed at supporting capacity building and stepping up adaptation. The Commission also supports adaptation in cities through the Mayors Adapt initiative, a voluntary commitment within the framework of the Covenant of Mayors5. • 'Climate-proofing' action at EU level by further promoting adaptation in key vulnerable sectors such as agriculture, fisheries and cohesion policy, ensuring that Europe's infrastructure is made more resilient, and promoting the use of insurance against natural and man-made disasters. The EU Adaptation Strategy is accompanied by documents which explore relevant sector-specific climate induced challenges, and the measures and tools which can be activated to adapt to these challenges. • Better informed decision-making by addressing gaps in knowledge about adaptation and further developing the European climate adaptation platform (Climate-ADAPT) as the 'one-stop shop' for adaptation information in Europe. 5 The Covenant of Mayors (www.covenantofmayors.eu) is the mainstream European movement involving local and regional authorities, voluntarily committing to increasing energy efficiency and use of renewable energy sources on their territories. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 14 / 11 4 LIFE’s position within the overall suite of EU climate finance tools 4.1 The mainstreaming approach The existing climate policy toolkit of the EU is complemented and further enhanced by the so- called "mainstreaming approach". Climate policy mainstreaming has begun at the strategic level by the agreement of the European Council to place energy and climate goals amongst the Europe 2020 strategy's five headline targets. To further advance this horizontal process, the EU agreed in February 2013 that at least 20% of its €960 billion budget to 2020 should be spent on Climate change-related action. The Multiannual Financial Framework (MFF) for the period 2014-2020 will therefore provide an important contribution to a shift towards a low-carbon and climate resilient society. Following what is undoubtedly a very innovative feature for a public budget, Climate change mitigation and adaptation objectives will now be integrated into all main spending areas through the inclusion of dedicated provisions in the basic legal acts for major EU instruments and programmes. For centrally managed instruments climate expenditure will be tracked at the level of projects. This would be the case for example of: • Horizon2020, which has the objective to reserve 35% of its budget for climate-relevant action in the field of research and innovation. • The Connecting Europe Facility (CEF), which finances projects in the energy, transport and digital sectors, including €23bn to smart transport infrastructure and €5bn to energy infrastructure (mainly transmission grids for renewable energy). • The Global Public Goods and Challenges Programme (GPGC) under the Development and Cooperation Instrument (DCI), which establishes that 25% of the total budget must be spent on climate and environment objectives. European Structural and Investment Funds (ESI Funds) For the shared managed instruments, specific rules have been adopted to track Member States' climate spending through the five European Structural and Investment Funds (ESI Funds): • The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF);; • The European Social Fund (ESF);; • The Cohesion Fund (CF);; • The European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (EAFRD);;and • The European Maritime and Fisheries Fund (EMFF). The ESI Funds are altogether coordinated via the Common Provisions Regulation (CPR), which sets out the means to achieve consistency with the economic policies of the EU and its Member States, coordination mechanisms among the ESI funds themselves and with other EU policies and instruments, horizontal principles and cross-cutting objectives. Climate mainstreaming is embedded in the Thematic Objectives (TO) of the CPR: TO 4 and 5 are dedicated to climate change mitigation and adaptation. The targets of each Member State are set in a Partnership Agreement and translated into actions under the ESI Funds with their proper objectives and priorities. In the framework of EU Regional Policy, the ERDF will for example invest at least 20% into low- carbon economy projects in more developed regions, 15% in transition regions and 12% in least- developed regions. Under the reformed Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) compulsory Green Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 15 / 11 Direct Payments have been introduced in Pillar I, accounting for 30% of the national direct payment envelope, which rewards farmers for respecting three obligatory agricultural practices, namely maintenance of permanent grassland, ecological focus areas and crop diversification. Under Pillar II, the EAFRD will finance Member States' Rural Development Programmes (RDPs) 2014-2020, which have now to comply with the legal obligation to earmark 30% of the budget of certain measures for climate and environment objectives. 4.2 Targeted funding instruments In addition, EU climate policies and the related legislation are promoted through a range of targeted funding instruments, including: 4.2.1 NER300 – low-carbon technology development Established by Article 10a(8) of the EU Emissions Trading Directive and further developed through Commission Decision 2010/670/EU (NER300 Decision), the NER300 funding programme provides substantial funding for the large-scale demonstration of environmentally-safe carbon capture and storage (CCS) and innovative renewable energy (RES) within the European Union and it is one of the world's largest programmes in this area. NER300 is so called because it is funded from the sale of 300 million emission allowances from the New Entrants Reserve (NER) set up for the third phase of the EU ETS. The funds from the sales are to be distributed to projects selected through two rounds of calls for proposals, covering 200 million and 100 million allowances respectively. NER 300 is managed by DG CLIMA in cooperation with the European Investment Bank and Member States. It is one of the most conspicuous deliverable of the ETS in favour of innovation and low-carbon technology. The NER 300 first call for proposals was launched late 2010 and the Award Decision for 23 RES projects was adopted in December 2012 (and later amended in 2014). No CCS project was awarded at the time. At the moment, only one of the projects is already operational (an Italian advanced biofuels project). The other projects will enter into operation between 2014 and 2016. The second NER 300 call was launched in April 2013. A total of 32 projects were submitted, and 23 of them passed the evaluation process. The NER 300 second Award Decision, indicating which projects will receive funding was expected to be adopted in June-July 2014. 4.2.2 LIFE - innovative climate projects Within the overall EU budget for the period 2014-2020, the new Climate Action sub-programme of the LIFE Programme for Environment and Climate Action will provide €864 million in co-financing for climate projects in the following priority areas: • Climate Change Mitigation, focusing on reducing greenhouse gas emissions;; • Climate Change Adaptation, focusing on increasing resilience to climate change;; • Climate Governance and Information, focusing on increasing awareness, communication, cooperation and dissemination on climate mitigation and adaptation actions. As it will represent less than 0.5 % of all climate-relevant spending6, it will have to be used in a strategic and innovative manner. According to the agreement between Member States and the European Parliament, it is envisaged to complement the bulk of climate-relevant finance under the other EU budget headings. 6 EU press release of 9 November 2013: The EU has agreed that at least 20% of its budget for 2014-2020 – as much as €180 billion − should be spent on climate change-related action. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 16 / 11 LIFE Climate Change Mitigation With a view to contributing to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions, the priority area Climate Change Mitigation has in particular the following specific objectives: - To contribute to the implementation and development of Union policy and legislation on climate change mitigation, including mainstreaming across policy areas, in particular by developing, testing and demonstrating policy or management approaches, best practices and solutions for climate change mitigation. - To improve the knowledge base for the development, assessment, monitoring, evaluation and implementation of effective climate change mitigation actions and measures and to enhance the capacity to apply that knowledge in practice. - To facilitate the development and implementation of integrated approaches, such as for climate change mitigation strategies and action plans, at local, regional or national level - To contribute to the development and demonstration of innovative climate change mitigation technologies, systems, methods and instruments that are suitable for being replicated, transferred or mainstreamed. LIFE Climate Change Adaptation With a view to contributing to supporting efforts leading to increased resilience to climate change, the priority area Climate Change Adaptation has in particular the following specific objectives: - To contribute to the development and implementation of Union policy on climate change adaptation, including mainstreaming across policy areas, in particular by developing, testing and demonstrating policy or management approaches, best practices and solutions for climate change adaptation, including, where appropriate, ecosystem-based approaches. - To improve the knowledge base for the development, assessment, monitoring, evaluation and implementation of effective climate change adaptation actions and measures, prioritising, where appropriate, those applying an ecosystem-based approach, and to enhance the capacity to apply that knowledge in practice. - To facilitate the development and implementation of integrated approaches, such as for climate change adaptation strategies and action plans, at local, regional or national level, prioritising, where appropriate, ecosystem-based approaches. - To contribute to the development and demonstration of innovative climate change adaptation technologies, systems, methods and instruments that are suitable for being replicated, transferred or mainstreamed. LIFE Climate Governance and Information The specific objectives of the priority area Climate Governance and Information are in particular: - To promote awareness raising on climate matters, including generating public and stakeholder support of Union policy-making in the field of the climate, and to promote knowledge on sustainable development. - To support communication, management, and dissemination of information in the field of the climate and to facilitate knowledge sharing on successful climate solutions and practice, including by developing cooperation platforms among stakeholders and training. - To promote and contribute to more effective compliance with and enforcement of Union climate legislation, in particular by promoting the development and dissemination of best practices and policy approaches. - To promote better climate governance by broadening stakeholder involvement, including NGOs, in consultation on and implementation of policy. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 17 / 11 5 Development of climate change categories The broad scope of climate change-relevant LIFE projects made grouping necessary in order to find projects matching certain questions (e.g. to find projects dealing with carbon sequestration or alternative energies etc.). Such categories were not available in the LIFE online project database, the LIFE proposals, at the EC or other official sources (as far as could be ascertained from the desk research). The author therefore developed several sets of categories, tested them with a number of projects secured the agreement of DG CLIMA to proceed with them in the frame of this study. Application of the categories to more than 360 projects revealed the need for some fine tuning. As a result of this testing phase, the following structure was reached: Categories Entr Explanatory remarks ies *) General category 1: Level of governance 366 From where is the change initiated or coordinated? National/international government initiative/authority 27 Development cooperation (national/international) 3 Mainly concerns TCY projects,. Non-governmental group/network for national(ly envisaged) implementation 41 Regional planning, infrastructure 65 Urban planning (green and grey) and construction 79 Branch or association/ university as a proxy for a branch 67 e.g. innovations that Company or single entity concern a whole branch. 128 Private households (voluntarily) or proxy 27 General category 2: Phase of "solution" cycle (Cycle starts with problem analyses and ends with standardisation of tested solutions=.) 366 What is the project's main contribution to counter climate change? Research (prior to plant set up) 78 Measuring/monitoring 35 Planning/coordination 58 Software/simulation 35 Hardware/plant/prototype 199 Implementation of measures (construction, method, workforce) 77 Networking/motivation/Information 93 Regulation /taxes /emission trade 26 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 18 / 11 Categories Entr Explanatory remarks ies Adaptation 1: Primary effect of climate change All adaptation projects were put into at least one of these categories: 59 Adaptation to which threat? Sudden disasters: extreme weather, singular droughts, floods, pests, temperature 32 Slow changes: water scarcity 36 Slow changes: temperature (air and water) 35 Slow changes: sea level 9 Adaptation 2: Resource sector impacted by climate change All adaptation projects were put into at least one of these categories: 59 Adaptation in which sector? Agriculture and Forestry 24 Marine resources, coastal zones 7 Biodiversity (species and habitats) 10 Human health and comfort 14 Infrastructure/disaster prevention 22 Water cycle/resources management/prediction 10 Social: migration, social tension, jobs 0 Non-specific private education/response 11 Mitigation Mitigation projects were put into one of the following the sub-categories. (Some exceptional cases were put into two sub-categories.) 335 Subset: Energy supply/generation 109 Power supply and distribution Power/fossil combustion (decrease fuel consumption) 7 Carbon capture and storage /end-of-pipe 6 Alternative energy supply (with subdivision) 99 Energy demand response Including alternative fuel 3 Shifting the time of demand Other than energy supply sector, focus on CO2 237 Power/fuel consumption Urban (public budget) unspecific energy saving/efficiency 24 Buildings/housing 50 Industrial production 76 Transport/mobility (incl. road) 52 Rail 3 Aviation 1 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 19 / 11 Categories Entr Explanatory remarks ies Shipping 6 Agriculture 26 LULUCF: Land use, land use change and forestry, incl. carbon sequestration 27 Non-specific private (private responsibility)/bottom-up change of habits 26 Other (e.g. administrational preparation, capacity building, ...) 25 Non-CO2 GHG emissions 61 Methane, nitrous oxide etc. Agriculture: livestock waste 15 Agriculture: other non-CO2 8 e.g. fertiliser CH4 from bogs 8 Industrial process 8 Waste 6 Landfill gas 13 Other/general 3 *) The sum of projects entered in the sub-categories may be higher than the total number of projects due to multiple entries per project. The following chapter graphically displays the numbers of projects assigned to the categories. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 20 / 11 6 Overview of LIFE projects in graphs 6.1 Numbers of projects and years selected As indicated above, some 650 LIFE projects selected from various sources were checked for their climate relevance, of which 366 were deemed suitable for inclusion in this study (see spreadsheet database). • In general, projects approved before 2000 were excluded, except 14 projects approved between 1994 and 1999 that appeared to be relevant. However, these 14 projects are not included in the yearly statistics/graphs in order not to bias the results. Of the 366 projects, 73 projects (or 17%) are LIFE2004 contracts or older. • Projects that failed during implementation were not excluded, as valuable lessons can be learned from the reasons for failure. • Only a few LIFE Nature projects were recognised as climate relevant. A number of projects on bog and mire restoration were taken into account because of the role these habitats can play in avoiding methane emissions from soil and carbon sequestration. Eight such projects were included, because of their focus on climate change and the size of the bogs involved. 6.2 Climate change projects in the LIFE strands, years and regions As Figure 1 shows, there has been a considerable increase in the number of climate change projects over the years It is important to note that only 61 of these projects have ‘climate’ in their title, so the increase is not down to labelling or keywords, but is a consequence of the content of the projects. Climate relevant projects in LIFE 60 number of projects 50 40 TCY PRE 30 NAT INF 20 ENV 10 0 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Figure 1: Climate relevant projects funded each year (2000-2012). N.B.: LIFE01 projects do not exist as the numbering was changed between LIFE00 and LIFE02. The figures indicate that the bulk of climate change projects have been co-funded under the LIFE ENV strand. (see Figure 2). It is important to note that the Commission co-funds a much smaller number of LIFE INF projects each year (and this strand only commenced in 2007). LIFE INF Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 21 / 11 replaced another small strand, TCY projects (for “third countries” outside the EU), which ended in 2006. A third small funding line PREparatory projects, has had fewer projects still. . The main reason why few LIFE NAT projects are relevant to climate change is that projects dealing with nature that have a focus on an innovative technology (e.g. forest management for climate change resilience, biomass from Natura 2000 sites or eco-friendly agriculture) have mostly been funded through LIFE ENV. Climate relevant LIFE Projects by strand 2000-2012 6 2% 3 1% 12 3% ENV 317 90% 14 4% ENV INF NAT PRE TCY Figure 2: Number of climate projects by LIFE strand (branch) Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 22 / 11 6.2.1 Distribution of projects and EU contribution by country Figure 3 shows the breakdown of projects and EU contribution per country. Distribution by country number of projects and EU funding (in % of total) Spain Italy France Sweden Greece United Kingdom Finland Germany Belgium Netherlands Poland Cyprus Austria Slovakia Luxembourg Czech Republic Denmark Malta Bulgaria Slovenia Romania Hungary Latvia Croatia Estonia number of projects 2000-2006 Ireland Israel EU funds 2000-2006 number of projects 2007-2012 Portugal EU funds 2007-2012 ROS (Russia) Turkey 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% Figure 3: Distribution of climate change projects by country for the years 2000-2012 Analysis of these data show a strong imbalance in the regional distribution of projects and funding. For the period 2007-2012, at one end of the scale there were no projects in Ireland, Portugal and some former TCY countries, at the other, there were 22 projects in France, 55 in Italy and 59 in Spain (9%, 22% and 24% of the total respectively. In terms of funding, Spain is again the largest recipient, with 52 m€ (18,2% of the total), whilst Italy has received 51 m€ (17,7%). Conversely the UK has received 18 m€ for climate change projects and Hungary just 0,4 m€ (over six years). Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 23 / 11 This imbalance is not restricted to the climate relevant projects but concerns the whole LIFE programme:, Italy and Spain are the Member States with the most projects in total (including 67% of newly-selected LIFE ENV projects in 2013). The imbalance was evident during the years 2000 to 2006 already, but not to the current extreme. While the top ranking countries have seen massive increases, the next dozen of countries has seen partly severe decreases. In part this is a result of the fact that LIFE is a bottom-up programme and Italy and Spain submit by far the most project applications. However, the distribution pattern strongly indicates that there may be a potential for improvement. In order to ensure that LIFE utilises Europe’s joint environmental innovative power in the best way, the EC should examine: • Whether the current imbalance is desirable;; • How Italy and Spain are able to produce so many more applications - and more successful ones - than other Member States;; • What the latter could learn in order to be equally successful;; and • What the EC could do to enable more (successful) applications from regions that appear to participate in LIFE below their potential. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 24 / 11 6.2.2 EU contribution per project The EU contribution per project is depicted in the graph below. The spike in 2006 is due to several very large projects and at the same time a relatively small number of climate change projects in that year. Excluding 2006, the average EU contribution of 0,64 m€ per project for the period 2000-2005 nearly doubled to 1,2 m€ for the years 2007-2012 ( (LIFE+). EU contribution per project on average 2000-2012 2000 0,45 2002 0,66 2003 0,70 2004 0,77 2005 0,62 2006 1,77 2007 1,04 2008 1,21 2009 1,10 2010 1,35 2011 1,27 2012 0,0 1,14 0,5 1,0 1,5 2,0 Contribution in m€/ project Figure 4: Average EU contribution per LIFE climate change project Looking at the 10 projects with the highest EU funding (see following list) it can be observed that final scores7 of the projects range from ‘below average’ to ‘excellent’. The same applies for the 10 projects with the lowest EU contribution. Size does not seem to be a reliable indicator of quality. 10 climate change projects with the highest EU LIFE contribution Budget x1000 € Project short description LIFE08.NAT/UK/000202 MoorLIFE : Bogs, fens and mires Duration NAT 08 4/10-4/15 LIFE06.ENV/DK/000226 DEMO SOFC: Cheaper fuel cell LIFE12.ENV/BE/000214 LIFE FLAT to FLAT: New method to recycle glass 10/06-9/09 7/13-12/17 (LIFE funding) 6.691 (5.018) 9.525 (4.763) 10.477 (4.433) web web Sco- sum site ring Link web excel site lent Contact Catherine WYNN cat herine.wynn@peakdistr ict.gov.uk Niels Christiansen [email protected] Etienne DEGAND eti [email protected]. com Link -‐-‐ Link web site very good − 7 Scoring is done by the LIFE Monitoring Team at the end of each project. Since it was introduced 2007 it is not available for earlier projects. . Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 25 / 11 10 climate change projects with the highest EU LIFE contribution Budget x1000 € Project short description LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate LIFE11.ENV/CZ/000488 HOxyGas: Glass furnace optimisation (hot oxyburner) LIFE12.NAT/FI/000367 LIFE Saimaa Seal: Adapting habitat to explicit Climate Change threat Duration 2/07-1/12 LIFE10.ENV/AT/000112 POLYWOOD: Wood gas refinement to car/ bus fuel and basic chemicals 9/11-12/15 6/12-1/16 8/13-7/18 LIFE10.ENV/BE/000696 AGICAL+: 11/11-9/16 CO2 from combustion to grow microalgae. LIFE07.ENV/F/000179 HotOxyGlass: 1/09-8/10 Oxygen instead of air for furnace to save energy LIFE08.NAT/S/000268 Life to ad(d)mire : 1/10-12/15 Halting emissions from 35 peat land sites (LIFE funding) 8.839 (4.417) 9.304 (4.251) 5.262 (3.946) 9.682 (3.934) web web Sco- sum site ring excel Link -‐-‐ lent Link web good site Link web − site Contact Markus Amann [email protected] Jiri Jangl Jiri.jangl@e u.agc.com Raisa TIILIKAINEN r aisa.tiilikainen@metsa. fi Wolfgang HAFNER w olfgang.hafner@klagen furt.at Link -‐-‐ 9.152 Christophe Boonaert Link web (3.580) Christophe.Boonaert@ site eu.agc-group.com 7.028 Link -‐-‐ (3.440) 6.813 Lisa.Tenning@lansstyr (3.407) elsen.se Link web site good , but abort ed below avera ge very good − 10 climate change projects with the lowest EU LIFE contribution Budget x1000 € Project short description LIFE97.TCY/TR/037 Collect gas from waste dump: Landfill gas recovery LIFE04.ENV/LV/000634 ENCERB: Energy passport for buildings LIFE05.ENV/F/000082 DIDEM: Save energy with new brick drying process. Duration 2/97-1/98 LIFE03.ENV/SLO/000559 VGE: Upgrade central heatings with ICT to save energy. LIFE94.ENV/IT/000116 "Ginestra" Reintroduction of broom cropping: Bio fuel from broom (amongst other uses). LIFE94.ENV/F/000669 N2O recycling: N2O conversion plant. LIFE05.ENV/IT/000874 GHERL: Capture CO2 from landfills to get pure methane LIFE98.ENV/NL/000183 The Iguana Project: Affordable sustainable housing 12/03- 12/05 1/95-12/98 4/94-12/94 LIFE02.ENV/E/000187 ENERWASTE: Test to bio-digest slaughterhouse waste 2/02-5/03 LIFE02.ENV/D/000406 NT-Plasma: Energy efficiency 2/02-10/03 9/04-9/06 11/05-1/09 12/05-5/08 2/98-7/00 web web Sco- sum site ring Link -‐-‐ − (LIFE funding) Contact 591 Ozdag YALCIN (159) 301 (151) 502 (151) Link web site Link web site good 607 (149) 275 (138) Link -‐-‐ good Link -‐-‐ − 500 (115) 217 (108) 642 (91) Link -‐-‐ − Lidia LOMBARDI lidia Link web [email protected] site Hendrik GOMMER Link web [email protected] site m 348 Link web (84) site 435 Michael HAAS (83) [email protected] Link web site Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final below avera ge very good − best of best − p. 26 / 11 6.2.3 Scoring of climate change projects Since 2004, LIFE projects have been systematically scored by the LIFE Unit’s external monitoring team (the Astrale consortium) after completion (Final Report) based upon a set of ‘best practice’ criteria, e.g. for ENV projects their contribution to immediate;; and long-term environmental, economic and social improvements;; their degree of innovation and transferability;; their relevance to policy;; and their cost-effectiveness. Scoring of CC projects [% of total 213 scored projects] 8% 3% 7% 2% good or better 80% good or better implemented but not sustainable only promising first stage reached below average cancelled before start Figure 5: Scoring of projects As the sources used for the study did not contain these systematic scores but only general descriptions, Figure 5 (above) only gives an estimate. However, a some 17% of the 213 projects for which a score was available, did not perform well and another 3% were cancelled before they even started. Cancelled projects were typically the result of co-financing issues. The failure rate of 17% (one in six projects performing poorly) is within acceptable limits given the innovative character of many LIFE ENV projects – innovation coming with the risk of failure. More data are needed to fully assess the success rate of the LIFE programme with regards to climate change projects. To increase awareness of the LIFE programme and improve the dissemination of project results, annual awards (“Best” and “Best of the Best” LIFE Projects) are presented to those projects whose results, if widely applied, could have the most positive impact on the environment. A long-list of “Best” projects is based on the monitors’ scores. Representatives of the Member States then choose the “Best of the Best” projects from this selection. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 27 / 11 Budget Top scored climate change projects (“Best of the Best”) x1000 € (LIFE funding) web sum web site Project short description Duration LIFE99.ENV/D/000452 Stirling power station: Small Stirling power CHP - (with remote control of power generation) 2/99-12/01 2.141 Link -‐-‐ (640) LIFE02.ENV/A/000285 BBMpassiv: Construct office building from renewable material 12/01-12/03 2.150 Link website (780) LIFE02.ENV/E/000187 ENERWASTE: Test to bio-digest slaughterhouse waste 2/02-5/03 LIFE02.ENV/FIN/000328 Paroc-WIM: Recycling of production 12/01-11/04 waste within stone wool production 348 Link website (84) 871 Link website (194) LIFE02.ENV/IT/000064 PVTRAIN: Photovoltaic panels on trains 11/02-10/04 LIFE03.ENV/UK/000615 Ref Project: Mobile batch heater for road surface material 10/03-10/05 4.876 Link website (1.004) LIFE05.ENV/DK/000156 CO2REF: Transcritical CO2 refrigeration system 10/05-10/07 556 Link website (167) LIFE05.ENV/E/000319 MICROPHILOX: Micro turbines for low 10/05-3/09 methane landfill gas 1.253 Link -‐-‐ (616) 1.303 Link website (582) LIFE05.ENV/L/000047 ECOSB: VOC removal with energy savings 1/05-7/07 1.875 Link website (417) LIFE06.ENV/IT/000266 Seq-Cure: Test of different energy crops 12/06-2/10 1.917 Link website (956) LIFE06.ENV/S/000517 BIOAGRO: Pelltetised fuel from crops 1/06-6/09 5.227 Link website (1.212) It is noteworthy that all the “Best of the Best” projects have been mitigation projects and - except for Seq-Cure (LIFE06.ENV/IT/000266, Test of different energy crops) dealt with mit ‘hardware/plant/prototypes’ and were driven by a company. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 28 / 11 6.3 Graphs on general categories After the administrative views on climate change projects in chapters 6.1 and 6.2, the following chapters look more at content and stakeholder-related views. 6.3.1 Who initiates and coordinates LIFE projects? The chart below shows the set of classifiers for “initiative/coordination” or “level of governance”. “Company or single entity” may, for example, be a project led by a single company that implements a prototype to solve a problem such as N2O removal in a production line. On a broader level, a professional association or specialist research institute may coordinate a project that benefits a whole industry or sector (e.g. the ceramic industry). For municipalities, a typical example would be a Local Agenda 21 project or a Local Adaptation Plan. In some cases this also involves the active participation of individual citizens or households. Similar applies to regional planning one level up. At a higher level again, national authorities may lead a LIFE project, e.g. preparing an ETS implementation or extension or a National Adaptation Plan. The level “Development cooperation” describes knowhow transfer to another country (“capacity building”, which took place e.g. in the (now defunct) TCY strand. Who has the initiativ e / coordination in LIFE CC projects? [number of projects] National/ international government initiative/ authority Development cooperation (nat/ internat) Non-gov. group/network for national(ly envisaged) implementation 27 7 41 65 Regional planning, infrastructure Urban planning (green and grey) and construction 79 67 Branch (or institution as a proxy) 128 Company or single entity 27 Private housholds (voluntarily) or proxy 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 number of projects Figure 6: Level of governance in climate change projects. In general the quite even distribution across the levels appears appropriate for the LIFE programme. The large number of projects at the “company” level can be attributed to several factors, including: • LIFE ENV has a focus on large-scale innovative demonstration, typically to be implemented in industrial sites. • High and locally-concentrated emissions are typically caused by specific companies (pressure to act). • LIFE projects require significant project management skills. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 29 / 11 6.3.2 Phases of the solution cycle A LIFE project can also be characterised by the phase within the solution cycle: does the project research the problem (e.g. how soil takes up carbon for sequestration), does it enable the regional monitoring of CO2 emissions or is it more focused on the later stages (e.g. implementing a prototype plant to remove N2O from a stream of exhaust air or implementing measures to restore bogs to regain their sequestration function. Finally, if a technology proves superior, it may become mandatory, which is the last phases in this solution cycle. Which phases of the solution cycle do LIFE projects cover? [% we ight] Implementation of me asure s (construction, method, workforce ). 13 Regulation / taxe s / emission trade. 3 Research (prior to plant set up). 9 Measuring/ monitoring. 4 Planning/ Coordination. 8 Hardware/ plant/ prototype. 44 Networking/ motivation/ INFormation. 14 Software/ simulation. 5 Figure 7: Division of LIFE projects by phase of the solution cycle addressed [in % of total number of projects] Figure 7 shows that nearly half of the projects analysed address the “hardware/plant/prototype” phase, the remainder of the projects are fairly evenly distributed amongst the other seven phases. This is in line with expectations given LIFE ENV’s focus on innovative technologies and methods. Although LIFE a research programme, a handful of projects are engaged in “research” activities (e.g. LIFE10.ENV/FR/000208 FO3REST: Research of ozone and climate effects on leaves). The “Networking” phase in the cycle is naturally dominated by INF projects (not visible from the graph). N.B.: “Weight %” in the title of the graph points to the fact, that one project can be assigned to more than one phase in the cycle. 199 have been assigned to “hardware” and 77 to “implementation of measures”. This would equal 54% of the 366 projects in total and 21% respectively. However, as there are more assignations than projects the percentage figures in the graphic are lower. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 30 / 11 6.4 Graphs on adaptation projects 6.4.1 Lists of adaptation projects, grouped by different resources affected by climate change Which affected resource is in the focus of LIFE adaptation projects? [% weight] Marine resources, coastal zones. 13 Biodiversity (species and habitats). 17 Human health and comfort. 23 Infrastructure/ disaster prevention. 33 Agriculture and Forestry. 58 Water cycle/ resources managmt/ prediction. 15 Unspecific private education /response/ Insurance. 15 Social: migration, social tension, jobs. 0 Figure 8: Adaptation projects resource affected by climate change [in % of 59 adaptation projects]. The sectors for adaptation are self-explanatory. Two extremes are visible: “social: migration, social tensions, jobs” and “agriculture and forestry”. The first one, “Social: migration, social tension, jobs” is a typical social or economic topic and therefore not primarily associated with the environmental programme LIFE. However, if climate will change considerably there will be enormous migration streams and consecutively social changes. Therefore, at least there should be links between DG CLIMA and DGs concerned with social issues in order to discuss overlapping know-how, potentials and responsibilities. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 31 / 11 6.5 Graphs on mitigation projects 6.5.1 Sectors active in mitigation via LIFE The division of the mitigation projects by sector was the most important and most challenging task in the setting up of categories. For a coarse division the “energy supply”, “CO2 from energy and fuel consumption” and “Non-CO2 GHG emissions” were found most suitable. Which sectors go for mitigation with LIFE projects? [% weight] Non-CO2 GHG. 12% Energy/ fuel consumption (CO2). 65% Figure 9: Mitigation projects by sector (coarse) Energy supply / generation. 23% The figures on the right and below show the distribution of the 335 mitigation projects by sector in weight %: coarsely and in detail. Which sectors go for mitigation with LIFE projects? [% w eight] Ships. 1,4 A viatio n. 0,3 Rail. 0,4 A griculture. 4,3 LULUCF: 3,6 Unspecific private / bo tto m-up 4 Other (e.g. administratio nal 4 Transpo rt/ mo bility (incl. ro ad). 12 No n-CO2 GHG. 12 Industrial pro ductio n. 17,4 B uildings/ ho using. 12,1 Urban (public budget) unspecific energy saving / efficiency. 3 A lternative energy supply. 23 P o wer/ fo ssil co mbustio n (decrease fuel). 1,0 Carbo n Capture and Sto rage / end o f pipe. 1,1 Energy demand respo nse. 0,7 Figure 10: Mitigation projects by sector (detail) Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 32 / 11 Section B: All projects in clusters Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 33 / 11 7 Lists of selected project clusters The following chapters present all 366 climate change projects in mostly small clusters, each of which covers one sub-topic of climate change. For “adaptation”, the clusters each depict a “Resource sector impacted by climate change”, for “mitigation”, the clusters each represent a sector of activity. In total, more than 50 clusters list the total of the projects. The short descriptor gives the shortest possible summary of each project’s objectives. To access the clusters for the other sets of categories (like “primary effect of climate change” or “Level of governance”) please refer to the electronic database in the annex. In the database you also find the summary descriptions of the projects and you also can apply individual filters. 7.1 Adaptation projects 59 LIFE projects were found to deal with adaptation. Half of them – 28 projects - cover both adaptation and mitigation issues. Thus adaptation has only a small share in the total of 366 climate change LIFE projects. This may change with the just started new LIFE programme period from 2014 – 2020: DG CLIMA has set a focus on adaptation. Adaptation projects in LIFE Share of projects in % Italy Spain United Kingdom Finland Finland 12% Greece 8% Greece Sweden Luxembourg United Kingdom 15% Germany Denmark Slovakia Cyprus France Spain 20% Malta Italy 20% Austria Croatia Latvia Turkey Figure 11: Adaptation projects by country In five countries three quarters of all adaptation projects take or took place. Additionally, one third of the Member States do not have any adaptation projects at all and thus do not appear in the figure above. It is hard to believe that there is only need and potential for LIFE projects in such few countries. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 34 / 11 The following table shows that part of the total categories, which deal with adaptation. All adaptation projects were put into at least one of the categories concerning “primary effects” and also in at least one of the categories concerning the “resource sector impacted by climate change”. Categories concerning adaptation Entries Explanatory *) remarks Adaptation 1: Primary effect of climate change All adaptation projects were put into at least one of these categories: 59 Adaptation to which threat? Sudden disasters: extreme weather, singular droughts, floods, pests, temperature 32 Slow changes: water scarcity 36 Slow changes: temperature (air and water) 35 Slow changes: sea level 9 Adaptation 2: Resource sector impacted by climate change All adaptation projects were put into at least one of these categories: Agriculture and Forestry 59 Adaptation in which sector? 24 Marine resources, coastal zones 7 Biodiversity (species and habitats) 10 Human health and comfort 14 Infrastructure/disaster prevention 22 Water cycle/resources management/prediction 10 Social: migration, social tension, jobs 0 Unspecific private education/response 11 *) The numbers in the sub-categories may be higher than the number in the next higher group due to multiple entries per project. The sub-class “Resource sector impacted by climate change” provides a clearer distinction of the projects than the “primary effects”, which overlap more with other projects (i.e. projects that deal with more than one of its categories, e.g. with water scarcity as well as rising temperatures). Therefore “Resource sector” has been chosen for the presentation of the projects in this print version of the study. The following chapters give a compact glimpse on all adaptation projects (one line for each project) in eight short lists, one for each of the eight categories “Agriculture…”, “Marine…”, Biodiversity…” etc. Within of the lists contain larger groups: • “Agriculture” with 24 projects (41% of the adaptation projects). • “Infrastructure/disaster prevention” with 22 projects (37%). Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 35 / 11 7.1.1 Resource affected: Agriculture & Forestry There are 24 adaptation projects in Agriculture & Forestry (total budget: 43,2 m€;; funding: 21,2 m€). Further agriculture projects are displayed in the mitigation section of this report, namely in chapters • 7.2.10 Energy consumption: Agriculture;; • 7.2.13.1 Non-CO2 emissions: Agriculture/livestock waste;; and • 7.2.13.2 Other non-CO2 emissions from Agriculture Adaptation Agriculture & Forestry Budget x1000 € (LIFE Project short description Duration funding) Contact LIFE05.TCY/TR/000164 Climate Change- TR: Capacity building in Turkey 11/05- 10/07 361 (252) LIFE07.ENV/E/000845 WATER CHANGE: Water resources modelling 1/09-12/11 1.238 (616) web web Sco- sum site ring Link web site Isabel Escaler Link -‐-‐ [email protected] very good 1/09-12/11 3.122 Martin Forsius martin. Link -‐-‐ LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000141 VACCIA: Assessment of Climate Change (1.547) [email protected] vulnerability of regions and sites via spatial data simulation. excel lent LIFE07.ENV/E/000824 LIFE+BOSCOS: Management plans for resilient forests 1/09-12/13 1.444 (718) Joan JOANEDA rese [email protected] LIFE07.ENV/IT/000516 SUSTGREENHOUSE: Greenhouse horticulture 2/09-1/12 Paollo COLLEPARDI Link web [email protected] site good LIFE08.ENV/E/000114 POWER: Water and energy efficiency in agriculture 1/10-12/12 1.421 (651) María Nieves ZUBALE Z MARCO [email protected] Link web site excel lent LIFE08.ENV/GR/000554 AdaptFor: Assess Climate Change impact on forests and adapt forest management 1/10-6/13 Link web site 921 (440) 1.719 (833) 1/11-12/14 1.486 LIFE09.ENV/FI/000571 Climforisk: Compile forecast for forest changes due to (742) Climate Change LIFE09.ENV/ES/000450 BIOENERGY & FIRE PREV.: Optimised forest logging plans and reduction of fire risk 10/10-9/13 1.024 (512) 9/10-12/13 1.589 LIFE09.ENV/ES/000441 ACCIÓN AGROCLIMÁTICA: Climate Change audit (794) for farmers LIFE09.ENV/GR/000296 Adapt2Change: 9/10-8/14 Energy and water efficient horticulture greenhouses Link -‐-‐ Aleksi LEHTONEN al Link -‐-‐ [email protected] good Fernando PRADELLS MONZÓ [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good Eduardo DE MIGUEL Link -‐-‐ edemiguel@fundacion globalnature.org good 2.577 Alexandros PAPACHA (1.288) TZIS [email protected] Link web site LIFE10.ENV/IT/000347 UNIZEO: Zeolite coated fertiliser to reduce N emission 9/11-12/14 2.440 Giorgio BOZZOLA Link -‐-‐ (1.219) gbozzola@g-m-m.com LIFE10.ENV/IT/000321 ZeoLIFE: Zeolite adsorbs nitrate from manure 9/11-2/15 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final 2.151 Massimo COLTORTI (1.045) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ p. 36 / 11 Adaptation Agriculture & Forestry Budget x1000 € (LIFE web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration funding) Contact LIFE10.ENV/CY/000723 CYPADAPT: National adaptation strategy for Cyprus. 9/11-8/14 1.359 (678) Theodoulos MESIMERI Link web S tmesimeris@enviro site nment.moa.gov.cy excel lent LIFE10.ENV/FR/000208 FO3REST: Research of ozone and climate effects on leaves. 9/11-8/14 1.322 (658) Pierre SICARD pierre Link web .sicard@acri-st.fr site LIFE10.ENV/ES/000458 ECOGLAUCA ÉRGON: Energy crop for arid wasteland 9/11-9/14 1.376 (635) Santiago ARÉVALO LL Link -‐-‐ ÁCER [email protected] LIFE11.ENV/GR/000975 FLIRE: Flood and forest fire risk management tool. 10/12-9/15 1.618 (808) Maria MIMIKOU mimi Link -‐-‐ [email protected] Luciano Saporito lsap Link -‐-‐ [email protected] LIFE11.ENV/IT/000215 RESILFORMED: 6/12-6/16 Adapt of forest management to Climate Change to prevent fire etc. 1.559 (779) LIFE11.ENV/ES/000535 OPERATION CO2: Forests: Carbon certificates and adaptation. 9/12-8/17 3.515 Yolanda Calvo Conde Link -‐-‐ (1.753) [email protected] LIFE12.ENV/IT/000578 LIFE HelpSoil: Soil enhancement for better carbon sequestration and Climate Change resilience. 7/13-6/17 2.942 (1.308) Link web site LIFE12.ENV/ES/000536 LIFE MEDACC: 7/13-6/18 Evaluation system for adaptation measures. 2.549 (1.266) Link web site LIFE12.ENV/SE/000800 SOLMACC Life: 8/13-7/18 Climate friendly farming 2.140 (1.070) Link web site José RODRIGUEZ BL ANCO xestion@unio nsagrarias.org Link web site very good 2.755 Ali NADIR ARSLAN (1.367) [email protected] Link web site 1/09-12/10 534 LIFE07.INF/E/000852 CHANGING THE CHANGE: Climate Change information for (267) the agro-forestry sector and the general public LIFE12ENV/FI/000409 MONIMET: NV/ 12 Mapping Climate Change effects on boreal 9/13-9/17 zones by innovative combination of data sources Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 37 / 11 7.1.2 Resource affected: Marine resources There are seven adaptation projects concerning marine resources (total budget: 14,0 m€;; funding: 7,0 m€). Adaptation Marine resources Budget x1000 € (LIFE Project short description Duration funding) LIFE99.NAT/UK/006081 Living with the Sea: Coastal change 8/99-7/03 2.234 Mark DUFFY Mark.d (1.117) uffy@english- nature.org.uk LIFE03.ENV/UK/000611 Response: Climate Change risk mapping and strategies for coastal zones 9/03-8/06 1.683 (841) LIFE04.TCY/CRO/000029 CRO Climate Cap: Capacity building in Croatia 12/04- 10/07 529 (369) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact Link web site excel lent Link web site very good Link -‐-‐ very good 1/09-12/11 3.122 Martin Forsius martin. Link -‐-‐ LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000141 VACCIA: Assessment of Climate Change (1.547) [email protected] vulnerability of regions and sites via spatial data simulation. excel lent LIFE07.NAT/UK/000938 TaCTICS: Coastal habitat protection 1/09-12/12 2.010 Nick FOLKARD nick.f Link web (1.005) [email protected] site very good LIFE09.NAT/ES/000520 Δ-LAGOON : Coastal change 9/10-12/14 3.055 Carles IBAÑEZ carle (1.490) [email protected] LIFE10.ENV/CY/000723 CYPADAPT: National adaptation strategy for Cyprus. 9/11-8/14 1.359 (678) Link web site Theodoulos MESIMERI Link web S tmesimeris@enviro site nment.moa.gov.cy excel lent Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 38 / 11 7.1.3 Resource affected: Biodiversity (species and habitats) There are 10 adaptation projects for biodiversity (species and habitats) (total budget: 33,1 m€;; funding: 19,4 m€). Adaptation Biodiversity (species and habitats) Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration 1/09-12/11 LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000141 VACCIA: Assessment of Climate Change vulnerability of regions and sites via spatial data simulation. LIFE07.ENV/UK/000936 GRACC: Guide for green roofs 1/09-12/11 LIFE12.ENV/GR/000466 LIFE CONOPS: 7/13-12/17 Coping with invasive mosquito species (IMS). (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 3.122 Martin Forsius martin. Link -‐-‐ (1.547) [email protected] 914 Fergus BEESLEY Fe (455) rgus.Beesley@ground work.org.uk 2.989 (1.481) excel lent Link -‐-‐ good Link web site LIFE09.INF/UK/000032 RESTORE: Flood prevention (among other aims) 9/10-12/13 1.795 Antonia SCARR anto Link web (873) nia.scarr@environment site -agency.gov.uk excel lent LIFE10.INF/UK/000189 Futurescapes: Implementation of landscape-scale conservation initiatives 9/11-12/14 3.855 Aidan LONERGAN Ai Link web (1.928) [email protected] site g.uk good LIFE08.NAT/UK/000202 MoorLIFE : Bogs, fens and mires 4/10-4/15 6.691 Catherine WYNN cat Link web (5.018) herine.wynn@peakdistr site ict.gov.uk excel lent LIFE09.NAT/ES/000520 Δ-LAGOON : Coastal change 9/10-12/14 3.055 Carles IBAÑEZ carle (1.490) [email protected] Link web site LIFE12.NAT/FI/000367 LIFE Saimaa Seal: Adapting habitat to explicit Climate Change threat 8/13-7/18 5.262 Raisa TIILIKAINEN r Link web (3.946) aisa.tiilikainen@metsa. site fi LIFE12.NAT/IT/000370 SPIN4LIFE: Little 9/13-11/16 relevance for Climate Change. Increase general the resilience of N2000 habitats. 2.630 Giovanni SALEMI gi (1.315) ovanni- [email protected] Link web site LIFE12ENV/FI/000409 MONIMET: NV/ 12 Mapping Climate Change effects on boreal 9/13-9/17 zones by innovative combination of data sources 2.755 Ali NADIR ARSLAN (1.367) [email protected] Link web site Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 39 / 11 7.1.4 Resource affected: Human health and comfort There are 14 adaptation projects on human health and comfort (total budget: 32.3 m€;; funding: 14.1 m€). Adaptation Human health and comfort Budget x1000 € (LIFE web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE98.ENV/S/000482 Roof greening: Green roofs 7/98-12/02 1.394 (520) Link web site Best LIFE02.ENV/E/000198 ECO-VALLE: Shading to boulevards 9/02-8/05 1.835 (601) Link web site good LIFE06.ENV/L/000121 EFFERNERGY: Energy Efficient Building Systems 12/05- 11/08 Link web site Best 1/09-12/11 LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000141 VACCIA: Assessment of Climate Change vulnerability of regions and sites via spatial data simulation. LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000145 Julia 2030: Broad set of urban Climate Change mitigation actions. 1/09-12/12 LIFE07.ENV/S/000908 GreenClimeAdapt: 1/09-12/13 Urban rainwater retention and shading funding) Contact 5.610 Wim Maes Wim.Mae (1.510) [email protected] 3.122 Martin Forsius martin. Link -‐-‐ (1.547) [email protected] excel lent 2.146 Silja Huuhtanen silja. (1.073) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good 3.166 per-arne.nilsson (1.583) @malmo.se Link web site very good 2.441 Juan VICENTE SÁNC (1.049) HEZ jvicente@lasroz asdemadrid.es Link -‐-‐ LIFE08.ENV/E/000101 Las Rozas por el clima: Local Climate Alliance. 1/10-12/13 LIFE08.ENV/IT/000436 ACT: Municipal strategy for local Climate Change adaptation 1/10-6/12 1.752 Marco CARDINALETTI Link web (876) marco.cardinaletti@ site comune.ancona.it good LIFE09.ENV/FI/000573 INSULATE: Collecting experience of insulation effects 9/10-8/15 1.847 ulla.haverinen- (923) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good LIFE11.ENV/IT/000119 BLUE AP: Transfer Local Adaptation Planning to Italy. Includes mitigation. 10/12-9/15 986 (493) Link -‐-‐ LIFE12.ENV/GR/000466 LIFE CONOPS: 7/13-12/17 Coping with invasive mosquito species (IMS). 2.989 (1.481) Link web site 7/13-3/16 1.616 (808) Link web site LIFE12.ENV/ES/000536 LIFE MEDACC: 7/13-6/18 Evaluation system for adaptation measures. 2.549 (1.266) Link web site 7/13-7/17 LIFE12.ENV/MT/000732 LifeMedGreenRoof: Green roof adaptation to Malta 838 (414) Link web site LIFE12.ENV/UK/001133 LIFE Housing Landscapes: Climate-proofing Social Housing Landscapes Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 40 / 11 7.1.5 Resource affected: Infrastructure/ disaster prevention There are 22 adaptation projects concerning Infrastructure/ disaster prevention (total budget: 41,3 m€;; funding: 20,0 m€). Budget Adaptation: Infrastructure/ disaster prevention x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE98.ENV/S/000482 Roof greening: Green roofs 7/98-12/02 1.394 (520) Link web site Best LIFE04.TCY/CRO/000029 CRO Climate Cap: Capacity building in Croatia 12/04- 10/07 529 (369) Link -‐-‐ very good LIFE05.TCY/TR/000164 CC-TR: Capacity building in Turkey 11/05- 10/07 361 (252) Link web site 1/09-12/11 LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000141 VACCIA: Assessment of Climate Change vulnerability of regions and sites via spatial data simulation. Contact 3.122 Martin Forsius martin. Link -‐-‐ (1.547) [email protected] LIFE07.ENV/IT/000475 TRUST: River basin management 1/09-12/11 1.838 Roberto CASARIN (898) [email protected] LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000145 Julia 2030: Broad set of urban Climate Change mitigation actions. 1/09-12/12 excel lent Link web site excel lent 2.146 Silja Huuhtanen silja. (1.073) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good LIFE07.ENV/S/000908 GreenClimeAdapt: 1/09-12/13 Urban rainwater retention and shading 3.166 Per_Arne NILSSON (1.583) per- [email protected] e Link web site very good LIFE08.ENV/E/000101 Las Rozas por el clima: Local Climate Alliance. 1/10-12/13 2.441 Juan VICENTE SÁNC (1.049) HEZ jvicente@lasroz asdemadrid.es Link -‐-‐ LIFE08.ENV/IT/000436 ACT: Municipal strategy for local Climate Change adaptation 1/10-6/12 1.752 Marco CARDINALETTI Link web (876) marco.cardinaletti@ site comune.ancona.it good LIFE08.ENV/LV/000451 HydroClimateStrategyRiga: Prepare for floods due to Climate Change 2/10-11/12 662 Gvido PRINCIS gvido Link web (329) [email protected] site excel lent LIFE08.NAT/D/000013 Elbauen bei Vockerode : Rivers and Floodplains 1/08-12/18 LIFE09.ENV/GR/000299 SOL-BRINE: Solar-driven treatment of desalination brine 10/10-3/13 1.210 Tasos VIDALIS dtpro (605) [email protected] ov.gr LIFE09.ENV/IT/000056 WIZ: 9/10-8/13 1.897 Oberdan CEI o.cei@i Link -‐-‐ (942) ngegnerietoscane.net very good LIFE09.INF/UK/000032 RESTORE: Flood prevention (among other aims) 9/10-12/13 1.795 Antonia SCARR anto Link web (873) nia.scarr@environment site -agency.gov.uk excel lent LIFE10.ENV/CY/000723 CYPADAPT: National adaptation strategy for Cyprus. 9/11-8/14 1.359 Theodoulos MESIMERI Link web (678) S tmesimeris@enviro site nment.moa.gov.cy excel lent Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final 2.185 Georg RAST (1.092) [email protected] Link web site Link web site very good p. 41 / 11 Budget Adaptation: Infrastructure/ disaster prevention x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE11.ENV/GR/000975 FLIRE: Flood and forest fire risk management tool. 10/12-9/15 1.618 Maria MIMIKOU mimi Link -‐-‐ (808) [email protected] LIFE11.ENV/IT/000119 BLUE AP: Transfer Local Adaptation Planning to Italy. Includes mitigation. 10/12-9/15 986 (493) Link -‐-‐ LIFE11.ENV/SK/001019 Hydro-climate recovery: Flood prevention 8/12-9/15 1.432 Dana KRAVCÍKOVÁ (690) [email protected] Link web site good LIFE11.ENV/DK/000889 Stream of Usserød: Flood prevention 9/12-2/16 2.531 Martin Ullerup Link web (932) [email protected] site LIFE12.ENV/UK/001133 LIFE Housing Landscapes: Climate-proofing Social Housing Landscapes 7/13-3/16 1.616 (808) Link web site 7/13-7/17 LIFE12.ENV/MT/000732 LifeMedGreenRoof: Green roof adaptation to Malta 838 (414) Link web site 6.429 (3.214) Link web site LIFE12.ENV/UK/000542 LIFE CoaLESCe: 9/13-12/16 Local networks for adaptation Contact Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 42 / 11 7.1.6 Resource affected: Water cycle/resources management/prediction There are 10 adaptation projects on water cycle/resources management/prediction (total budget: 19,0 m€;; funding: 8,9 m€). Adaptation: Water cycle/ resources management/ prediction Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE07.ENV/E/000845 WATER CHANGE: Water resources modelling 1/09-12/11 1.238 Isabel Escaler Link -‐-‐ (616) [email protected] very good 1/09-12/11 LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000141 VACCIA: Assessment of Climate Change vulnerability of regions and sites via spatial data simulation. 3.122 Martin Forsius martin. Link -‐-‐ (1.547) [email protected] excel lent LIFE07.ENV/IT/000475 TRUST: River basin management 1/09-12/11 1.838 Roberto CASARIN (898) [email protected] Link web site excel lent LIFE07.ENV/UK/000936 GRACC: Guide for green roofs 1/09-12/11 914 Fergus BEESLEY Fe (455) rgus.Beesley@ground work.org.uk Link -‐-‐ good LIFE08.INF/IT/000308 WATACLIC: Adapt 1/10-12/12 urban water consumption 768 Giulio CONTE giulio. Link web (384) [email protected] site very good LIFE09.INF/UK/000032 RESTORE: Flood prevention (among other aims) 9/10-12/13 1.795 Antonia SCARR anto Link web (873) nia.scarr@environment site -agency.gov.uk excel lent LIFE08.NAT/D/000013 Elbauen bei Vockerode : Rivers and Floodplains 1/08-12/18 LIFE10.ENV/IT/000380 AQUOR: Balancing the regional hydrology. 9/11-9/13 1.815 Teresa MURARO mu Link -‐-‐ (693) raro.teresa@provincia. vicenza.it LIFE11.ENV/DK/000889 Stream of Usserød: Flood prevention 9/12-2/16 2.531 Martin Ullerup Link web (932) [email protected] site LIFE12ENV/FI/000409 MONIMET: NV/ 12 Mapping Climate Change effects on boreal 9/13-9/17 zones by innovative combination of data sources 2.185 Georg RAST (1.092) [email protected] Link web site 2.755 Ali NADIR ARSLAN (1.367) [email protected] Link web site Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 43 / 11 7.1.7 Resource affected: Social: migration, social tension, jobs. No LIFE projects available. There are no projects for this category. This is to be expected given that life is an environmental funding programme. The expected impact of climate change on migration streams implies that there could be scope for projects in this category, particularly as DG CLIMA will need to coordinate with Directorates-General responsible for social issues in order to discuss overlapping know-how, potentials and responsibilities. 7.1.8 Resource affected: Unspecific private education /response There are 11 adaptation projects (total budget: 20,1 m€;; funding: 10,0 m€). Adaptation: Unspecific private education / response Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE04.TCY/CRO/000029 CRO Climate Cap: Capacity building in Croatia 12/04- 10/07 529 (369) Link -‐-‐ very good LIFE05.TCY/TR/000164 CC-TR: Capacity building in Turkey 11/05- 10/07 361 (252) Link web site LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000145 Julia 2030: Broad set of urban Climate Change mitigation actions. 1/09-12/12 2.146 Silja Huuhtanen silja. (1.073) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good LIFE08.ENV/E/000101 Las Rozas por el clima: Local Climate Alliance. 1/10-12/13 2.441 Juan VICENTE SÁNC (1.049) HEZ jvicente@lasroz asdemadrid.es Link -‐-‐ LIFE08.ENV/IT/000436 ACT: Municipal strategy for local Climate Change adaptation 1/10-6/12 1.752 Marco CARDINALETTI Link web (876) marco.cardinaletti@ site comune.ancona.it good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000056 WIZ: 9/10-8/13 1.897 Oberdan CEI o.cei@i Link -‐-‐ (942) ngegnerietoscane.net very good LIFE11.ENV/IT/000119 BLUE AP: Transfer Local Adaptation Planning to Italy. Includes mitigation. 10/12-9/15 986 (493) Link -‐-‐ LIFE12.ENV/UK/000542 LIFE CoaLESCe: 9/13-12/16 Local networks for adaptation 6.429 (3.214) Link web site LIFE07.INF/FIN/000152 CCCRP: Climate 1/09-12/11 Change portal for general public 1.988 (990) Link -‐-‐ very good LIFE08.INF/IT/000308 WATACLIC: Adapt 1/10-12/12 urban water consumption 768 Giulio CONTE giulio. Link web (384) [email protected] site very good 7/13-6/16 LIFE12.INF/AT/000369 EKO-LIFE: Eco- friendly lifestyle (not only Climate Change) 776 (388) Link web site Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 44 / 11 7.1.9 INF (LIFE Information and Communication ) projects on adaptation There are six INF projects on adaptation (total budget: 9,7 m€;; funding: 4,8 m€). Except for the RESTORE project they are all also dealing with mitigation (and thus appear in that list as well). Adaptation: INF projects Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1/09-12/10 LIFE07.INF/E/000852 CHANGING THE CHANGE: Climate Change information for the agro-forestry sector and the general public 534 José RODRIGUEZ BL (267) ANCO xestion@unio nsagrarias.org Link web site very good LIFE07.INF/FIN/000152 CCCRP: Climate 1/09-12/11 Change portal for general public 1.988 (990) Link -‐-‐ very good LIFE08.INF/IT/000308 WATACLIC: Adapt 1/10-12/12 urban water consumption 768 Giulio CONTE giulio. Link web (384) [email protected] site very good LIFE09.INF/UK/000032 RESTORE: Flood prevention (among other aims) 9/10-12/13 1.795 Antonia SCARR anto Link web (873) nia.scarr@environment site -agency.gov.uk excel lent LIFE10.INF/UK/000189 Futurescapes: Implementation of landscape-scale conservation initiatives 9/11-12/14 3.855 Aidan LONERGAN Ai Link web (1.928) [email protected] site g.uk good 7/13-6/16 LIFE12.INF/AT/000369 EKO-LIFE: Eco- friendly lifestyle (not only Climate Change) 776 (388) Link web site − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 45 / 11 7.2 Mitigation projects Mitigation comprises by far the largest share of cimate change projects in LIFE: 335 of the 366 Climate Change projects deal with mitigation, with an overlap of only 28 projects, which cover both mitigation and adaptation. Mitigation projects in LIFE Share of number of projects in % Italy Spain France Sweden Germany France 8% Sweden 7% Greece Germany 6% Greece 6% United Kingdom Netherlands Finland Austria Belgium Spain 19% Luxembourg Denmark Poland Cyprus Slovakia Hungary Slovenia Latvia Italy 20% All others below 1% Figure 12: Mitigation projects by country Nearly half of all mitigation projects take or took place in three countries. A reason for this uneven distribution by regions is not obvious from the project overviews. In order to make sure that the innovative power of all Member States is utilised for the mostly European-wide challenges of climate change, the EC should investigate why so many Member States so little involved in LIFE. As a similar situation was found for adaptation and LIFE ENV in general, the issue goes beyond the topic of climate change. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 46 / 11 The following table lists the categories dealing with mitigation. All mitigation projects were put into at least one of these categories. In most cases they deal only with one of three groups (energy supply, power/fuel consumption and non-CO2). In agriculture alone, several projects cover bio-gas generation (group 1), energy savings (group 2) and decrease of methane emissions (group 3). Categories concerning MITIGATION Entries Remarks *) Mitigation 335 Subset: Energy supply / generation 109 Power supply and distribution Power/ Fossil combustion (decrease fuel) 7 Carbon Capture and Storage / end of pipe 6 Alternative energy supply (with subdivision) 99 Energy demand response Including alternative fuel 3 Shifting the time of demand Other than energy supply sector, focus on CO2 237 Power/ fuel consumption Urban (public budget) unspecific energy saving / efficiency 24 Buildings/ housing 50 Industrial production 76 Transport/ mobility (incl. road) 52 Rail 3 Aviation 1 Ships 6 Agriculture 26 LULUCF: Land use (change) and forestry, incl. carbon sequestration 27 Unspecific private (private responsibility)/ bottom-up change of habits 26 Other (e.g. administrational preparation, capacity building, ...) 25 Non-CO2 GHG emissions 61 Methane, nitreous oxide etc. Agriculture: livestock waste 15 Agriculture: other non CO2 8 e.g. fertiliser CH4 from bogs 8 Industrial process 8 Waste 6 Landfill gas 13 Other/ general 3 *) The numbers in the sub-categories may be higher than the number in the next higher group due to multiple entries per project. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 47 / 11 Within the class of mitigation projects there are four larger groups: • “Alternative energy supply” with 99 projects (20% of the mitigation projects) This group was subdivided into 11 subtopics (see the lists below) during the classification work because of the large number of projects. • “Industrial production” (76 projects, 16%) For the time being this group has been subdivided into projects led by an industrial company and those where the enterprise was a project partner. The author suggests preparing a separate phase II study on “industry”. • “Transport/ mobility” (52 projects, 11%) This group was subdivided into projects with and without involvement of urban/regional planning (in the form of an authority leading the project). • “Buildings/housing” (50 projects, 10%) Here two subgroups were found: Projects with a prototype character and those without. All other project clusters are small enough to provide an easy and quick overview, and therefore did not need further subdivision. 7.2.1 Energy supply: Power/fossil combustion (decrease fuel consumption) There are seven mitigation projects on Power/fossil combustion (total budget: 20,6 m€;; funding: 9,1 m€). Energy supply: Power/ fossil combustion Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE00.TCY/CRO/084 LIFECROCHP: Develop a cogeneration strategy for Croatia 7/01-12/03 482 (337) Link web site − LIFE02.ENV/F/000289 PRIVILEGES: Local actions (one city) on diverse GHG reductions 9/02-8/05 712 Serge ORRU (356) [email protected] Link web site good LIFE03.ENV/EE/000194 OSELCA: Introduction of LCAs to Estonia 10/03- 12/05 662 (327) Link web site good 1.834 (917) Link web site very good LIFE03.ENV/GR/000219 ETRES: ETS for 10/03-3/06 Greece Contact LIFE06.ENV/D/000475 INES-110: 11/06- Superconducting switch in the electric grid. 10/09 3.778 Frank Breuer frank.br Link web (1.069) [email protected] site belo w aver age 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate 8.839 Markus Amann (4.417) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ excel lent 4.329 (1.690) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/BG/000756 LIFE Eco- HeatOx: Highy efficieny furnace for glass industry 7/13-12/16 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 48 / 11 7.2.2 Energy supply: carbon capture and storage (end-of-pipe) There are six mitigation projects on carbon capture (total budget: 19,6 m€;; funding: 7,9 m€). However, none of these project really stores CO2 (e.g. into a geological formation). Instead they capture the CO2 from an exhaust gas and either produce biomass (e.g. algae for fuel and chemicals) or yield pure CO2 to sell on the market. The algae projects are also listed under LULUCF, as – in case they would be up-scaled to capture considerable amounts of CO2 – they would occupy large areas. Related to carbon capture is carbon sequestration (e.g. by additional growth of biomass) or the prevention of GHG release (e.g. by restoration of bogs, which otherwise would release methane). Energy supply: Carbon Capture Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact LIFE00.ENV/DK/000366 Membraco: CO2 9/01-9/04 removal from industrial flue gas 3.261 (978) Link -‐-‐ − LIFE07.ENV/E/000829 BIOGRID: Carbon 1/09-12/11 capture from biogas purification 1.956 Angel Maria Gutiérrez (897) Terrón angel.gutierre [email protected] m Link -‐-‐ good LIFE10.ENV/BE/000696 AGICAL+: CO2 from combustion to grow microalgae. 11/11-9/16 LIFE10.ENV/ES/000496 CO2ALGAEFIX: 9/11-6/14 1 hectare microalgae test plant for carbon capture. 9.152 Christophe Boonaert Link web (3.580) Christophe.Boonaert@ site eu.agc-group.com belo w aver age 2.981 Augusto RODRIGUEZ- Link -‐-‐ (1.490) MATONS [email protected] − 9/11-8/14 LIFE10.ENV/RO/000734 ALGAE-GHG: CO2 from combustion to grow microalgae. 1.100 Sanda VELEA gener (495) [email protected] o Link web site − LIFE97.ENV/E/000252 Bioalgae: Use CO2 from combustion exhaust for Algae cultivation for fodder and organic resources 1.149 Guillermo GARCÍA REI Link web (456) NA site [email protected] P.ES − 11/97- 10/00 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 49 / 11 7.2.3 Energy supply: Alternative energy supply There are 98 mitigation projects on this topic (total budget: 343,1 m€;; funding: 119,4 m€). In order to give clusters of smaller numbers or projects this category has been subdivided: Sub-categories of Alternative energy supply Number of projects Total budget [m €] EU contribution [m €] 8 18,6 9,1 • bio-diesel • biogas 19 77,4 21,0 • biomass fuel 17 65,0 19,3 • landfill gas 9 21,0 8,2 • fuel cell 4 20,4 8,1 • hydrogen 4 7,1 3,3 • solar 5 18,9 9,0 • pyrolysis 7 18,8 6,8 • wastewater 4 25,8 5,0 • other sources 13 52,8 19,8 • general support 9 23,3 10,7 LIFE projects on alternative energy supply bio-diesel biogas biomass fuel landfill gas fuel cell Numer of projects hydrogen EU contribu-tion [m €] solar pyrolysis wastewater other sources general support 0 5 10 15 20 25 number / m€ Figure 13: Subdivision of projects on alternative energy supply. The subdivision is self-explanatory and there is no imbalance in the distribution worth mentioning. On the following pages the projects in the 11 sub-topics are listed. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 50 / 11 Alternative energy supply Bio diesel Project short description LIFE05.ENV/P/000369 OIL PRODIESEL: Used cooking oil to bio-diesel. LIFE07.ENV/E/000820 INTEGRAL-B: Improved biodiesel process chain LIFE08.ENV/GR/000569 BIOFUELS-2G: Energy (biodiesel) from used cooking oil LIFE08.ENV/IT/000425 ETRUSCAN: Local bio-diesel for local busses. LIFE09.ENV/ES/000484 DEMONSTRATION OF KDV TECH: Waste to liquid fuel (bio-diesel) by depolymerisation LIFE10.ENV/IT/000341 RECOIL: Collect and recover waste cooking oil. LIFE11.ENV/DE/000343 MARSS: Gain solid biomass fuel from waste by innovative mechanical sorting. LIFE12.ENV/ES/000590 LIFE SEED CAPITAL: Rapeseed to bio-diesel and animal fodder to reduce CH4 emissions. Budget x1000 € (LIFE web web Sco- sum site ring Link web best site Andrés Pascual Vidal Link -‐-‐ excel [email protected] lent Spyros VOUTETAKIS Link web very [email protected] site good Alessandro POZZI a. Link web − [email protected] site Fernando PEREZ Link -‐-‐ − [email protected] Duration funding) 10/05-4/08 1.202 (588) 1/09-12/11 1.488 (744) 1/10-12/12 1.416 (655) 1/10-1/13 2.634 (1.287) 10/10-9/12 4.872 (2.338) Contact 9/11-2/15 Serena DRIGO seren Link -‐-‐ [email protected] Thomas PRETZ pretz Link -‐-‐ @ifa.rwth-aachen.de 9/12-8/15 9/13-9/16 1.819 (872) 4.155 (2.074) 1.025 (512) − − Link web site − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 51 / 11 Alternative energy supply Biogas Budget x1000 € Project short description LIFE02.ENV/E/000187 ENERWASTE: Test to bio digest slaughterhouse waste Duration 2/02-5/03 LIFE02.ENV/H/000440 BIOGASCONVERT: Biogas production and upgrading for CHP plus CO2 for greenhouse use. LIFE03.ENV/F/000254 METHAPI- EXPERTISE: Improve biogas production LIFE05.ENV/D/000193 Sludge Redox: Biogas from problematic sewage sludge LIFE05.ENV/EE/000387 ECOMAN: Pig manure treatment 10/02- 12/04 3/03-8/06 7/05-9/07 1/05-7/07 LIFE07.ENV/E/000829 BIOGRID: Carbon 1/09-12/11 capture from biogas purification LIFE08.ENV/CY/000457 INTER-WASTE: Integrated waste-to-energy system LIFE08.ENV/GR/000576 SMARt-CHP: Mobile CHP for agriculture LIFE08.ENV/GR/000578 INTEGRASTE: Biogas from agro-industrial waste. LIFE09.ENV/ES/000433 CITROFUEL: Biogas from citrus wastes 1/10-9/12 LIFE09.ENV/ES/000451 VALUVOIL: Improved utilisation of olive oil wastes LIFE09.ENV/ES/000459 ECOREGA: Green cattle farming 9/10-2/13 LIFE10.ENV/NL/000028 OMZET: Less sludge more energy from waste water treatment. LIFE11.ENV/BE/001038 BIOGASTIL: Biogas from protein rich distiller's waste 9/11-12/16 LIFE11.ENV/FR/000740 Biovalsan: Cryo- distillation to split biogas into pure CH4 and CO2. LIFE11.ENV/SE/000839 BUCEFALOS: Combination of mussel farm and algae biomass LIFE12.ENV/ES/000647 LIFE+Farms for the future: Pig manure LIFE12.ENV/IT/000308 BioMethER LIFE+: Upgrade biogas (from landfill and from sludge) for use in vehicles. LIFE12.ENV/SE/000683 LIFE BIOGAS XPOSE: Maximise biogas and bio- methane in a showcase region. 6/12-12/15 1/10-12/12 1/10-12/12 9/10-10/12 1/11-12/12 1/13-2/16 9/12-8/15 9/13-9/17 10/13-3/18 7/13-6/18 web web Sco- sum site ring Link web best site of best Link -‐-‐ − (LIFE funding) Contact 348 (84) 5.368 (915) 4.384 Olivier LEMAIRE (1.233) 859 (248) 3.491 (565) Link -‐-‐ good Link web site Link web site good 1.956 Angel Maria Gutiérrez (897) Terrón angel.gutierre [email protected] m 1.472 Costas COSTA costa (735) [email protected] 947 Zissis SAMARAS (450) [email protected] 1.156 Vassilios BUGAS (544) [email protected] 5.605 Emilio CAÑAVATE MA (1.682) RTÍ emilio.cm@citrot ecno.com 1.041 Óscar LEÓN (521) [email protected] 600 Paula CONTE dtor.te (282) cnico@unionsagrarias. org 14.448 Henry VAN VELDHUIZ (1.553) EN hvanveldhuizen@ WVE.nl 11.183 Olivier Van Rompaey (2.965) Olivier.vanrompaey@a lcogroup.com 6.763 Frédéric PIERRE fred (2.381) eric.pierre@lyonnaise- des-eaux.fr 3.681 Rasmus FREDRIKSSO (1.634) N rasmus.fredriksson @malmo.se 2.368 (1.178) 3.375 (1.529) Link -‐-‐ 8.309 (1.600) belo w aver age good Link web site Link web site Link web site Link -‐-‐ − Link -‐-‐ very good good Link -‐-‐ very good − good Link web site − Link -‐-‐ canc elled Link web site − Link web site − Link web site Link web site − Link web site good − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 52 / 11 Alternative energy supply Biomass fuel Budget x1000 € Project short description LIFE00.ENV/A/000242 BLPP: Biomass (pellets) logistic centres. LIFE00.ENV/IT/000054 Biosit: GIS for biomass exploitation LIFE02.ENV/IT/000034 WARM-WOOD: Wood CHP for central heat supply of small mountain commune. LIFE03.ENV/NL/000477 Vathorst: Waste wood CHP power station Duration 6/01-4/04 6/03-4/06 LIFE03.ENV/SK/000577 ILUBE: Complete logistic chain from sawdust to heat supply. 10/01- 10/03 10/02-3/05 web web Sco- sum site ring Link -‐-‐ − (LIFE funding) Contact 1.041 (300) 442 (215) 4.280 (841) Link web site Link web site very good very good 8.406 Tony SCHOEN a.j.n. (1.000) [email protected] Link web site termi nate d 4/03-3/06 6.185 (1.012) Link web site excel lent LIFE04.ENV/SE/000775 Rep: Bio fuel CHP (power and heat supply) 1/04-9/07 10.411 (1.793) Link web site LIFE05.ENV/UK/000128 BioReGen: Energy crops from brownfields LIFE06.ENV/IT/000257 VOICE: Energy crops against land abandonment 12/05-4/10 1.221 Link -‐-‐ (610) 3.381 Francesco MARTELLI Link web (1.686) francesco.martelli@u site nifi.it belo w aver age best 10/06- 12/09 LIFE06.ENV/IT/000266 Seq-Cure: Test of 12/06-2/10 different energy crops best 1.917 Marco Ligabue (956) [email protected] Link web site best of best LIFE06.ENV/S/000517 BIOAGRO: Pelltetised fuel from crops 1/06-6/09 5.227 Sven-Olof Bernhoff (1.212) [email protected] Link web site best of best LIFE07.ENV/D/000222 PROGRASS: Mobile bio-fuel production from conservation sites 1/09-6/12 3.231 Michael Wachendorf Link web (1.614) mwach@uni-kassel.de site excel lent LIFE07.ENV/D/000240 Best4VarioUse: Standardisation: Turn waste wood to energy or products 1/09-12/11 3.971 Ina EHRHARDT ina.e Link -‐-‐ (1.793) [email protected]. de − LIFE07.ENV/F/000178 GREEN PELLETS: Biomass (pellets) without impact on food production 1/09-12/11 1.306 Aurélie LEPLUS aure Link web (647) [email protected] site very good LIFE08.ENV/SK/000240 CHEFUB: High quality sawdust pellets 1/10-12/12 1.368 Lenka KOPUNOVA (492) [email protected] very good LIFE11.ENV/ES/000557 EDUCO: Used cooking oil to bio-diesel. 7/12-12/14 1.486 Mesas Suárez Mireia Link web (644) [email protected] site .es LIFE11.ENV/LU/000854 Factory of the Future: Low carbon energy supply for footprint wood panels 6/12-10/15 7.947 Giorgio CERNIGLIA (3.035) g.cerniglia@kronospan .lu Link web site good LIFE11.ENV/PL/000442 MORENERGY: Micronised biomass (wheat straw) to directly fuel 2 MW turbine. 7/12-12/14 3.214 (1.482) Link web site good Link web site − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 53 / 11 Alternative energy supply Landfill gas Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE05.ENV/E/000319 MICROPHILOX: Microturbines for low methane landfill gas 10/05-3/09 LIFE05.ENV/IT/000874 GHERL: Capture 12/05-5/08 CO2 from landfills to get pure methane (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1.303 (582) Link web site 217 Lidia LOMBARDI lidia Link web (108) [email protected] site best of best very good LIFE06.ENV/E/000044 ES-WAMAR: Collective pig slurry management and treatment 10/06-3/10 6.900 Arturo DAUDÉN IBAÑE Link -‐-‐ (2.564) Z [email protected] om best LIFE08.ENV/B/000040 CLIM- WASTENER: Gaining power and heat from landfill gas 1/10-12/12 2.422 Xavier LOMBARD Xa Link web (1.211) vier.lombard@verdesis site .com − LIFE08.ENV/E/000123 PARK RENOVA: Self-sufficient energy supply by landfill gas. 1/10-6/13 2.691 Antonio ORUS (570) [email protected] LIFE08.ENV/IT/000429 UPGAS- LOWCO2: Capture CO2 from landfills to get pure methane 1/10-6/12 679 Ennio CARNEVALE Link web (339) [email protected] site t LIFE10.ENV/SE/000038 Wastetofuel: Liquefied biogas from landfills 9/11-8/14 3.298 Håkan Rosqvist haka Link web (1.262) n@rosqvist-resurs.se site faile d LIFE11.ENV/UK/000402 ACUMEN: Methane from old landfills 9/12-8/15 2.935 Neil Davies neil.davie Link -‐-‐ (1.437) s@environment- agency.gov.uk excel lent LIFE97.TCY/TR/037 Collect gas from waste dump: Landfill gas recovery 2/97-1/98 canc elled Link -‐-‐ 591 Ozdag YALCIN (159) Link -‐-‐ very good − Alternative energy supply Fuel cells Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE04.ENV/FR/000331 FUEL CELL IN PARIS: Large fuel cell for housing 11/04- 10/07 6.451 (1.561) Link web site best LIFE06.ENV/DK/000226 DEMO SOFC: Cheaper fuel cell 10/06-9/09 9.525 Niels Christiansen (4.763) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ very good LIFE06.ENV/E/000054 BioSOFC: SOFC fuel cell for biogas 12/05-3/09 2.055 Susana MUÑOZ sus Link -‐-‐ (616) anamunoz@heraholdin g.com good LIFE07.ENV/E/000847 BIOCELL: Biogas 1/09-12/11 of WWTPs to run fuel cell for own energy supply. Contact 2.416 Rosa Maria PIERAS (1.207) [email protected] m Link -‐-‐ best Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 54 / 11 Alternative energy supply Hydrogen Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE05.ENV/E/000333 HYDRO SOLAR 21: Carbon free stand-alone cooling. 12/05- 11/08 LIFE07.ENV/IT/000434 MHyBus: Methane/ hydrogen blend fuel for busses 1/09-12/11 1.323 Paolo FERRECCHI d Link web (589) gmobilitaetrasporti@re site gione.emilia-romagna.it very good LIFE08.ENV/E/000136 ZERO- HYTECHPARK: Energy supply for a building based on renewable hydrogen. 1/10-12/13 1.408 Arturo CABELLO dire Link -‐-‐ (678) ctor@hidrogenoaragon .org − LIFE11.ENV/ES/000593 H2ALRECYCLING: Waste ammonia to produce hydrogen. 10/12-3/16 1.137 JAVIER PORCAR VIV Link -‐-‐ (555) ES jap@fundacioninv estigacion.org − 3.284 (1.499) good Link -‐-‐ Alternative energy supply Solar energy Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE02.ENV/IT/000064 PVTRAIN: Photovoltaic panels on trains 11/02- 10/04 LIFE07.ENV/S/000913 SUNRISE: New low-cost PV solar cell production technology 7/09-12/11 4.992 Andreas ANDERSSON Link -‐-‐ (2.406) andreas.andersson @m2.se − LIFE09.ENV/SE/000355 DYEMOND SOLAR: Low cost production of solar cells 9/10-12/13 3.522 Giovanni FILI giovan (1.736) [email protected] good LIFE11.ENV/SE/000838 SUNCOOL: Solar heating and cooling 6/12-3/15 4.025 Per Olofsson per.olof Link web (1.827) [email protected] site − 5.063 (2.456) − LIFE12.ENV/FR/000479 LIFE-PHOSTER: 7/13-12/17 Lower Carbon Footprint for solar cells: PV as a steel coating. Contact 1.253 (616) best of best Link -‐-‐ Link web site Link web site Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 55 / 11 Alternative energy supply Pyrolysis Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE05.ENV/IT/000801 BIOcoAL: Flash carbonisation: bio char from Eucalypt. 2/05-12/07 6.680 (1.373) LIFE08.ENV/IT/000388 RELS: Energy recovery from waste in natural parks via biogas and pyrolysis. 1/10-12/12 1.699 Alberto BELLINI alber Link web (847) [email protected] site good LIFE09.ENV/GR/000307 ENERGY- WASTE: Gasification of non-recyclable waste fraction 1/11-12/13 1.923 Markellos GRIPARIS Link -‐-‐ (900) [email protected] good LIFE12.ENV/ES/000727 LIFE REVA- WASTE: Fuel gas from manure (biogas production and low temperature pyrolysis) 10/13-9/16 1.705 (771) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/ES/000913 LIFE Eucalyptus 9/13-9/16 Energy: Energy and solid fuel from pyrolysis of waste Eucalypt wood. 1.776 (845) Link web site − 7/13-6/17 LIFE12.ENV/PL/000013 LIFE COGENERATION PL: Energy from waste gasification 3.826 (1.757) Link web site good Link -‐-‐ very good LIFE97.ENV/S/000311 PYROARC: Waste pyrolysis 2/97-3/98 Contact Link web site 1.185 Sven SANTÉN (338) belo w aver age Alternative energy supply Energy from wastewater Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration 10/06-3/10 LIFE06.ENV/D/000460 SLUDGE2ENERGY: Waste reduction and energy yield from sewage sludge LIFE08.ENV/D/000026 Sus Treat: Energy 1/10-12/14 from sewage LIFE08.ENV/E/000118 GREENLYSIS: Energy from sewage 1/10-12/12 LIFE09.ENV/NL/000427 SEWEEX: Heat pump to yield heating and cooling from sewage water. 9/10-9/15 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 3.812 (769) 10.385 Thomas Kesselheim (2.085) klaerwerk-koblenz@t- online.de 1.595 Alexandre GALI (797) [email protected] Link web site very good Link -‐-‐ − Link web site good 10.024 Ilja JANSEN ilja.janse Link -‐-‐ (1.303) [email protected] − p. 56 / 11 Alternative energy supply Energy from other sources Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration 4/02-3/06 LIFE02.ENV/D/000408 SuperC: Construction of a deep geothermal heating LIFE02.ENV/NL/000128 BioFuel: Bio fuel 12/01-6/04 from biodegradable municipal waste for coal fired power station (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 5.141 (1.973) Link web site best 5.693 (869) Link web site − Link -‐-‐ best LIFE06.ENV/D/000485 Moveable HEPP: 10/06-9/10 Eco-friendly hydroelectric power technology 6.619 Georg Schmid schmi (1.695) d.geirg@e-werk- mittelbaden.de 1/09-12/12 LIFE07.ENV/S/000911 FEATHERS: Feathers and slaughterhouse waste as bio fuel 4.494 Tom K HANSEN tom. Link web (1.925) k.hansen@lantmannen site .com − 4/10-3/13 LIFE08.ENV/D/000017 REECH-500: Energy from on-shore kites on circular rail. 11.139 Joachim Montnacher Link -‐-‐ (5.556) joachim.montnacher@t eg.fraunhofer.de canc elled 1.241 Tiziano TERLIZZESE Link -‐-‐ (619) [email protected] t very good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000124 ET IDEA: Elaboration of "environmental test reference years" data 9/10-12/12 LIFE09.ENV/NL/000426 BLUETEC: Tidal 9/10-3/13 power plant (1MW) 7.991 Chintan SHAH (2.513) Link web site − Link -‐-‐ good LIFE09.ENV/UK/000026 Hydro4LIFE: Hydropower sustainability assessment 9/10-9/13 LIFE11.ENV/FR/000756 RE-USE: Recover braking energy in DC rail systems. 6/12-5/15 3.346 Daniel Cadet Daniel- Link web (1.673) [email protected] site m.com − LIFE11.ENV/GR/000949 Waste2Bio: Bio 9/12-8/15 waste to bio ethanol plant. 1.490 Maria LOIZIDOU mloi Link web (745) [email protected] site − LIFE11.ENV/PL/000447 GeoPyrz: Improved energy yield from deep underground geothermal sources 9/12-9/14 453 ROMUALD GRABIEC Link web (226) [email protected] site good LIFE12.ENV/ES/000695 LifeHyGENet: Yield energy from water pipes. 7/13-8/16 1.776 (718) Link web site − LIFE99.ENV/D/000452 Stirling power station: Small Stirling power CHP 2/99-12/01 2.141 (640) Link -‐-‐ best of best 1.284 Richard Taylor (642) [email protected] Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 57 / 11 Alternative energy supply General support Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE03.ENV/EE/000194 OSELCA: Introduction of LCAs to Estonia 10/03- 12/05 LIFE03.ENV/GR/000219 ETRES: ETS for 10/03-3/06 Greece (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 662 (327) Link web site good 1.834 (917) Link web site very good LIFE06.ENV/D/000475 INES-110: 11/06- Superconducting switch in the electric grid. 10/09 3.778 Frank Breuer frank.br Link web (1.069) [email protected] site belo w aver age 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate 8.839 Markus Amann (4.417) [email protected] excel lent Link -‐-‐ LIFE09.INF/PL/000283 DOKLIP: Climate 9/10-8/15 friendly air conditioning in cars 1.803 Wojciech SZYMALSKI Link -‐-‐ (902) w.szymalski@ine- isd.org.pl − LIFE10.ENV/CZ/000649 ReStEP: Evaluation tool for renewable energy projects 11/11- 10/14 1.539 Pavel TLUSTOŠ (769) [email protected] Link web site good LIFE11.ENV/IT/000016 MuSAE: Energy/ environment planning tool for small communes 9/12-6/15 919 Gabriele Alessandro D (369) e Micheli g.demicheli @comune.perugia.it Link -‐-‐ − LIFE12.ENV/CY/000276 LIFE+ SmartPV: 7/13-3/17 Measures on the grid to foster renewable energy supply. 1.220 (568) Link web site − 7/13-6/16 2.736 (1.368) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/FR/000570 LIFE BiBAT: Li- ion battery with lower demand of resources. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 58 / 11 7.2.4 Energy supply: Energy demand response (shifting the time of demand) There are four mitigation projects on “energy supply: Energy demand response” (total budget: 4,0 m€;; funding: 1,6 m€). Energy supply: Energy demand response Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE99.ENV/D/000452 Stirling power station: Small Stirling power CHP (with remote control of power generation) 2/99-12/01 2.141 (640) LIFE11.ENV/DE/000340 DRIP: Avoiding power peaks by flexible demand. 9/12-8/14 994 Thomas Theisen tho Link -‐-‐ (485) [email protected] − LIFE11.ENV/PL/000444 OZERISE: Micro-grids for farms with renewable energies. 9/12-6/15 896 Grzegorz Wisniewski (443) [email protected] − Link -‐-‐ Link -‐-‐ best of best Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 59 / 11 7.2.5 Energy consumption: Urban (public budget) non-specific energy saving/efficiency There are 24 mitigation projects in this sub-category (total budget: 497 m€;; funding: 222 m€). Budget Urban (public budget) unspecific energy saving / efficiency x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE02.ENV/UK/000147 Carra: Local action combining energy saving and Climate action 11/02- 12/04 422 (270) Link web site very good LIFE05.TCY/IL/000131 CBCSCIL: General Agenda 21 capacity building in Israel 10/05- 10/08 490 (335) Link web site − Link -‐-‐ excel lent 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate Contact 8.839 Markus Amann (4.417) [email protected] LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000138 CHAMP: International climate alliance of cities with an EMAS tool 1/09-12/11 2.033 Pekka SALMINEN Pe Link -‐-‐ (1.015) [email protected] very good LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000145 Julia 2030: Broad set of urban Climate Change mitigation actions. 1/09-12/12 2.146 Silja Huuhtanen silja. (1.073) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good LIFE07.ENV/GR/000282 CLIM- LOCAL2020: System for local Climate Change action plan 1/09-12/11 2.778 Alexandros Voulgaris (1.087) mayor@volos-city.gr Link web site very good LIFE08.ENV/E/000097 JEREZ + natural: 1/10-12/11 Healthier trees in urban areas LIFE08.ENV/E/000101 Las Rozas por el clima: Local Climate Alliance. 1/10-12/13 LIFE08.ENV/F/000485 ROMAIR: Air quality modelling and forecast system 1/10-6/12 LIFE08.ENV/IT/000430 FACTOR20: Integrated management tools for regional Climate Change effort sharing 1/10-12/12 LIFE08.INF/GR/000589 ProSuDePe: Education to reduce energy, waste and fire. 1/10-12/12 657 Felisa ROSADO REFO Link -‐-‐ (318) LIO delegada.medioa [email protected] 2.441 Juan VICENTE SÁNC (1.049) HEZ jvicente@lasroz asdemadrid.es very good Link -‐-‐ − 1.437 Jacques MOUSSAFIR Link web (709) [email protected] site very good 2.513 Valentina SACHERO Link web (1.206) valentina_sachero@re site gione.lombardia.it good 1.232 (593) canc elled Link -‐-‐ LIFE08.INF/IT/000308 WATACLIC: Adapt 1/10-12/12 urban water consumption 768 Giulio CONTE giulio. Link web (384) [email protected] site very good LIFE09.ENV/ES/000437 Soria CO2Cero: 9/10-8/12 Greening a city, starting with a green corridor. 717 Javier ANTÓN CACHO Link -‐-‐ (325) javieranton@ayto- soria.org belo w aver age LIFE09.ENV/FR/000598 CLIMATE: Regional climate action plan. 9/10-12/13 1.568 Chrystelle TOUZEAU (784) [email protected] Link web site − LIFE09.ENV/GR/000299 SOL-BRINE: Solar-driven treatment of desalination brine 10/10-3/13 1.210 Tasos VIDALIS dtpro (605) [email protected] ov.gr Link web site very good Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 60 / 11 Budget Urban (public budget) unspecific energy saving / efficiency x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE09.ENV/IT/000115 SUN EAGLE: Local management of Kyoto P. actions in mountainous communities 9/10-12/13 3.006 Alessandro COPPOLA Link web (1.457) [email protected] site good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000200 LAIKA: Local authorities organise GHG reductions 10/10-9/13 1.853 Elena MONTICELLI e Link -‐-‐ (926) lena.monticelli@comun e.milano.it good LIFE09.ENV/SE/000346 GREECIT: Local 10/10-3/15 environmental measures Contact 2.670 Johan SANDSTRÖM Link web (1.302) johan.sandstrom@ume site a.se − LIFE09.ENV/SE/000347 CLIRE: Climate friendly health care building 9/10-8/15 2.604 Kristina DE GEER kri Link web (852) [email protected] site e LIFE10.ENV/FR/000207 URBAN LIGHT PLAN: Public lighting improvement. 1/11-1/15 5.168 Jean- Link web (1.146) Claude BOULARD su site binv@ville-lemans.fr LIFE11.ENV/GR/000938 MECM: 10/12-9/15 1.355 Ilias Manolis iliasman Link -‐-‐ (553) [email protected] good LIFE11.ENV/IT/000119 BLUE AP: Transfer Local Adaptation Planning to Italy. Includes mitigation. 10/12-9/15 986 (493) Link -‐-‐ − 7/13-6/16 LIFE12.ENV/ES/000092 life-QUF: Forestation of southern cities supported by root fungi (mycorrhizae) 1.357 (621) Link web site − 9/13-8/16 1.455 (659) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/ES/000222 LIFE GREEN TIC: GHG emission reduction by Green ICT: policies, public procurement and smart use good − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 61 / 11 7.2.6 Energy consumption: Buildings/housing There are 48 mitigation projects on “buildings/housing” (total budget: 112,2 m€;; funding: 43,4 m€). Thirty of these are “hardware/prototype”projects (total budget: 77,9 m€;; funding: 26,9 m€). The prototype and the non-prototype projects are listed separately below. Buildings/ housing Hardware/ prototype Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE98.ENV/NL/000183 The Iguana Project: Affordable sustainable housing 2/98-7/00 LIFE98.ENV/S/000482 Roof greening: Green roofs 7/98-12/02 1.394 (520) Link web best site LIFE99.ENV/D/000452 Stirling power station: Small Stirling power CHP - (with remote control of power generation) 2/99-12/01 2.141 (640) Link -‐-‐ LIFE00.ENV/A/000243 S-House: High standard office building from renewable material. 6/01-6/04 1.507 (752) Link web best site 9/01-9/03 LIFE00.ENV/SLO/000966 VGE Thrifty energy master: Heating boiler optimisation by centralised online control. 600 (245) Link -‐-‐ 642 Hendrik GOMMER (91) [email protected] m Link web − site best of best − LIFE02.ENV/A/000285 BBMpassiv: Construct office building from renewable material 12/01-12/03 2.150 (780) Link web best site of best LIFE02.ENV/NL/000133 WaddenWaterHouse: New building material from waste glass 12/01-8/04 727 Henk WIJNSTRA (169) Link web termi site nate d LIFE03.ENV/SLO/000559 VGE: Upgrade 12/03-12/05 central heatings with ICT to save energy. 607 (149) Link -‐-‐ LIFE03.ENV/UK/000615 Ref Project: Mobile batch heater for road surface material 10/03-10/05 4.876 (1.004) Link web best site of best LIFE04.ENV/FR/000331 FUEL CELL IN PARIS: Large fuel cell for housing 11/04-10/07 6.451 (1.561) Link web best site LIFE04.ENV/IT/000594 S&W: Traditional 12/04-12/07 ideas for environmental benefits 1.800 (893) Link web good site LIFE04.ENV/LV/000633 ECOVENT: Efficient ventilation in buildings 10/04-11/06 361 (177) Link web below site avera LIFE05.ENV/E/000333 HYDRO SOLAR 21: Carbon free stand-alone cooling. 12/05-11/08 LIFE05.ENV/NL/000020 HEIGHT: Low energy cold store. 2/05-2/08 LIFE05.ENV/UK/000998 Integrated Greenhouse: Integrate greenhouse and other buildings to lower GHG emissions. 1/05-12/08 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final good ge 3.284 (1.499) Link -‐-‐ good Link web best site 6.567 (640) 4.487 (2.243) Link -‐-‐ good p. 62 / 11 Buildings/ housing Hardware/ prototype Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE06.ENV/L/000121 EFFERNERGY: Energy Efficient Building Systems 12/05-11/08 5.610 Wim Maes Wim.Mae Link web best (1.510) [email protected] site LIFE07.ENV/E/000805 EDEA: Sustainable social housing: 2 houses compare 1/09-4/12 2.385 Esther GAMERO est Link web very (1.178) her.gameroceballos@j site good untaextremadura.net LIFE07.ENV/SLO/000710 UNISASH: New type of window: better insulation and resource efficiency. 4/09-6/11 1.990 Petra KORDIŠ bostj Link web very (987) an.kovac@kovinaplast site good ika.si LIFE08.ENV/A/000216 RENEW BUILDING: Ecological refurbishment of buildings 1/10-12/12 684 Robert WIMMER (323) [email protected] LIFE09.ENV/ES/000466 EDEA-RENOV: ICT and innovation to save energy: renovation of existing buildings. 1/11-12/13 3.282 José TIMÓN TIEMBL Link -‐-‐ (1.454) O dgapev@juntaextr emadura.net LIFE09.ENV/ES/000493 DOMOTIC: Energy saving of domestic automation in three pilot buildings 9/10-8/13 2.355 (1.114) LIFE09.ENV/FR/000595 AETHER: New type of cement with less energy 9/10-8/13 5.880 Günther Walenta gu Link web good (2.306) nther.walenta@lafarge site .com LIFE09.ENV/FR/000602 GREENCITY: Software and smart meters to monitor consumption in public buildings. 9/10-8/12 1.676 Elise PERROT (756) [email protected] LIFE09.ENV/IT/000108 EnerGeo: New geopolymers in ceramic tiles to save energy. 10/10-9/13 2.133 giuseppe.ferrari@gard Link -‐-‐ (927) enia.it good LIFE10.ENV/ES/000439 NEWsolutions4OLDhousing: Sustainable renovation of social housing 9/11-2/15 2.242 Jose Luis FUENTES- Link -‐-‐ (973) CANTILLANA ISUSI [email protected] − LIFE10.ENV/ES/000456 MEDICOOL: Solar cool storage 9/11-12/13 LIFE11.ENV/ES/000622 The Autonomous 6/12-12/15 Office: Energy autark office building. Contact Link -‐-‐ good − Link web − site Link web excel site lent 6.705 Teodoro CANO ABEL (1.595) LÁN Teodoro.cano @hefame.es Link -‐-‐ − 1.431 Ricardo González Mar Link -‐-‐ (579) tínez ricardo.gonzal [email protected] − LIFE12.ENV/ES/000787 LIFEZEROSTORE: Supermarket retrofit for zero energy consumption 7/13-6/16 1.924 (887) Link web − site LIFE12.ENV/ES/001173 LIFE_OPERE: Efficient management of energy networks in large building complex. 7/13-12/16 1.190 (567) Link web − site 838 (414) Link web − site 7/13-7/17 LIFE12.ENV/MT/000732 LifeMedGreenRoof: Green roof adaptation to Malta Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 63 / 11 Buildings/ housing Other than prototype Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration (LIFE funding) 5/97-11/98 1.576 LIFE97.ENV/D/000469 Model District Vauban: Realisation of a socio-ecological (715) city district. LIFE00.ENV/NL/000808 EQuation: Proof 4/01-3/03 of LCA tools practicability for building standards LIFE02.ENV/F/000289 PRIVILEGES: Local actions (one city) on diverse GHG reductions 9/02-8/05 LIFE02.ENV/GR/000362 MedClima: A 11/02- group of communes cooperates in the field 10/05 of CO2 reductions. web web Sco- sum site ring Contact Laurenz HERMANN Link -‐-‐ L.Hermann@3Landbox .comlink.apc.org − 645 (323) Link web site best 712 Serge ORRU (356) [email protected] Link web site good 893 (442) Link web site good Link web site best LIFE02.ENV/LV/000478 ENERLAB: Energy labelling for buildings and information of their inhabitants 4/02-10/04 467 Aigars ROZE (204) LIFE03.ENV/IT/000343 DesAir: Local ETS 10/03-9/05 563 Edoardo CROCI edo Link web (251) ardo.croci@unibocconi. site it LIFE04.ENV/GR/000137 SB-MED: Good 7/04-12/06 practice for sustainability of public buildings 3.220 (1.382) good Link -‐-‐ good LIFE04.ENV/LV/000634 ENCERB: Energy passport for buildings 9/04-9/06 301 (151) Link web site good LIFE05.ENV/GR/000235 SUSCON: IPP in construction plus software tool 10/05-9/08 1.111 (555) Link web site good Link -‐-‐ excel lent 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate 8.839 Markus Amann (4.417) [email protected] LIFE07.ENV/UK/000936 GRACC: Guide for green roofs 1/09-12/11 914 Fergus BEESLEY Fe (455) rgus.Beesley@ground work.org.uk Link -‐-‐ good LIFE07.INF/UK/000932 RENEW: Hot water saving in households 1/09-12/11 1.942 Simon Green simon.g Link -‐-‐ (971) [email protected] very good LIFE08.ENV/F/000485 ROMAIR: Air quality modelling and forecast system 1/10-6/12 1.437 Jacques MOUSSAFIR Link web (709) [email protected] site very good LIFE09.ENV/FI/000573 INSULATE: Collecting experience of insulation effects 9/10-8/15 1.847 Ulla HAVERINEN- Link -‐-‐ (923) SHAUGHNESSY ulla .haverinen- [email protected] good 1.324 Sofia THEOLOGITOU Link web (662) [email protected] site good LIFE09.ENV/GR/000297 CARBONTOUR: 9/10-8/12 Implementation of GHG calculator for tourism accommodation LIFE11.ENV/BE/001046 SILEX: Silicon surface treatment to extend lifespan of concrete and wood 9/12-8/16 LIFE11.ENV/GR/000938 MECM: Military energy and carbon management 10/12-9/15 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final 2.282 Jean- (1.043) Paul LECOMTE j.lec [email protected] m Link web site 1.355 Ilias Manolis iliasman Link -‐-‐ (553) [email protected] good good p. 64 / 11 Buildings/ housing Other than prototype Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE12.ENV/ES/000138 LIFE STARS (+20): Save energy in tourist lodges 10/13-9/16 LIFE12.ENV/FR/001113 LifeCiP (LCiP): Eco design training campaign 9/13-6/16 LIFE12.INF/SK/000165 SMAPUDE_LIFE: 9/13-8/16 Dissemination of biomass and solar energy in Slovakian housing (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1.706 (820) Link web site − 1.825 (900) Link web site − 1.294 (636) Link web site good Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 65 / 11 7.2.7 Energy consumption: Industrial production There are 76 mitigation projects on “Industrial production” (total budget: 216,5 m€;; funding: 85,1 m€). For the “Industry” focus in the 2015 LIFE call this group could be further investigated. This may be done once more details of the EC’s requirements are made available in early 2015. For the time being one subdivision was obvious from looking at the database: In 46 such projects a company took a strong lead and gave the projects a certain ’look’ with a focus on a present and pressing problem to be solved. In the other 30 projects the companies are in the background as partners (e.g. when a city includes them in a local action plan or a university carries out a more research-related project). For the former group (strong lead by company) the budgets are 162,6 m€ (funding: 56,6 m€) and for the latter the total budget is 53,8 m€ (funding: 25,5 m€). Industrial production Strong lead by a company Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration LIFE00.ENV/DK/000366 Membraco: CO2 9/01-9/04 removal from industrial flue gas LIFE02.ENV/D/000406 NT-Plasma: Energy efficiency 2/02-10/03 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 3.261 (978) 435 Michael HAAS (83) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ − Link web site − LIFE02.ENV/FIN/000328 Paroc-WIM: 12/01- Recycling of production waste within stone 11/04 wool production 871 (194) Link web site best of best LIFE03.ENV/D/000031 Vapo: Efficient oil 5/03-3/06 burner 1.452 (433) Link web site best LIFE04.ENV/DE/000051 Odour scrubber: 12/03- Energy efficient drying of solids and odour 11/06 reduction 1.159 (213) Link web site very good LIFE04.ENV/LU/000829 ZEOLITE: Gas 12/03- free refrigerating system based on zeolite. 12/05 1.713 (511) Link web site − LIFE05.ENV/D/000193 Sludge Redox: Biogas from problematic sewage sludge 7/05-9/07 859 (248) Link web site good LIFE05.ENV/DK/000156 CO2REF: Transcritical CO2 refrigeration system 10/05- 10/07 556 (167) Link web site best of best LIFE05.ENV/E/000328 PREVOC PLAN: VOC removal with energy savings 1/05-6/07 1.832 Eugenio SOLINA FIER Link -‐-‐ (391) RO eugenio.solina@r enolit.com very good LIFE05.ENV/F/000082 DIDEM: Save energy with new brick drying process. 11/05-1/09 502 (151) Link web site belo w aver age LIFE05.ENV/IT/000876 NOTRE: Energy saving on cold store trucks 10/05-9/07 1.340 (402) Link web site very good LIFE05.ENV/L/000047 ECOSB: VOC removal with energy savings 1/05-7/07 1.875 Marko BECKER (417) Link web site best of best LIFE05.ENV/NL/000020 HEIGHT: Low energy cold store. 2/05-2/08 6.567 (640) Link web site best Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 66 / 11 Industrial production Strong lead by a company Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact LIFE06.ENV/NL/000176 Green Bearings: 1/06-12/08 Energy saving bearings 4.623 Stathis Ioannides stat Link web (1.072) [email protected] site best 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate 8.839 Markus Amann (4.417) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ excel lent 7.028 (3.440) Link -‐-‐ very good Link web site excel lent Link -‐-‐ excel lent LIFE07.ENV/F/000179 HotOxyGlass: Oxygen instead of air for furnace to save energy 1/09-8/10 LIFE08.ENV/GR/000552 ClimaBiz: Climate Change risks for businesses 1/10-12/12 LIFE08.ENV/IT/000411 ENERG-ICE: New PU foaming for cold appliances 1/10-3/13 LIFE08.ENV/IT/000422 H-REII: Turn waste heat into power (Rankine process);; energy audits in energy intensive businesses. (two projects) 1/10-12/12 882 Marco Baresi marco. (436) [email protected] Link web site good LIFE09.ENV/FR/000591 ECOTRANSFLUX: Steel industry: Transverse Flux Induction Heating 9/10-9/12 646 Gilles CORNEC gilles Link web (316) [email protected] site m very good LIFE09.ENV/FR/000594 IRIS: Catalytic chemical process saving energy 9/10-3/14 2.106 François- Link web (1.053) Xavier DU MESNIL fr site ancois-xavier.du- [email protected] belo w aver age LIFE09.ENV/FR/000595 AETHER: New type of cement with less energy 9/10-8/13 5.880 Günther Walenta gun Link web (2.306) [email protected] site om good LIFE09.ENV/FR/000600 GREEN TESTING: Green product texting 1/11-12/13 1.008 Chantal CRESCENZO Link web (470) [email protected] site − LIFE09.ENV/IT/000108 EnerGeo: New geopolymers in ceramic tiles to save energy. 10/10-9/13 2.133 Giuseppe FERRARI (927) giuseppe.ferrari@gard enia.it Link -‐-‐ good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000174 Ultra Crash Treatment: New cold galvanising technology 10/10-9/13 2.842 Giovanni CAVATORTA Link -‐-‐ (1.231) g.cavatorta@cavator ta.it very good 9/11-12/15 LIFE10.ENV/AT/000112 POLYWOOD: Wood gas refinement to car fuel and basic chemicals 9.682 Wolfgang HAFNER w Link -‐-‐ (3.934) olfgang.hafner@klagen furt.at good , but abort ed 1.854 Sofia FRANTZI Frant (924) [email protected] 2.870 Francesco CARCIOTT (1.373) O [email protected] LIFE10.ENV/IT/000397 H-REII DEMO: Follow up project on HEII: turn waste heat into power by Rankine process. 1/12-12/13 4.449 Marco BARESI Marc (852) [email protected] LIFE10.ENV/IT/000428 Clash Oil: Eco- friendly lubricant 10/11-9/14 2.142 Flaminio CIROLDI fla Link -‐-‐ (967) minio.ciroldi@argotract ors.com LIFE11.ENV/BE/001038 BIOGASTIL: Biogas from protein rich distiller's waste 1/13-2/16 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final Link web site 11.183 Olivier Van Rompaey Link -‐-‐ (2.965) Olivier.vanrompaey@a lcogroup.com − − canc elled p. 67 / 11 Industrial production Strong lead by a company Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration LIFE11.ENV/CZ/000488 HOxyGas: Glass 6/12-1/16 furnace optimisation (hot oxyburner) LIFE11.ENV/FR/000757 ZENITTHYS: ‘green’ hybrid telecoms-broadcast transmitter 6/12-5/15 LIFE11.ENV/IT/000036 Low resources Low energy: Ceramic tiles from waste material 7/12-6/14 LIFE11.ENV/SE/000842 RenewPACK: Production of new low carbon packaging foil from xylan to replace aluminium 7/12-7/16 7/13-3/16 LIFE12.ENV/BE/000205 LIFE Polyphos Acid: Energy efficient production process. (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 9.304 Jiri Jangl Jiri.jangl@e Link web (4.251) u.agc.com site good 2.700 (1.277) Link -‐-‐ canc elled Link -‐-‐ very good 2.207 Corrado Manelli (961) [email protected] 3.719 Lisa Bindgård lisa.bin Link web (1.673) [email protected] site − 2.478 Yves CAPRARA (1.239) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/BE/000214 LIFE FLAT to FLAT: New method to recycle glass 7/13-12/17 10.477 Etienne DEGAND eti (4.433) [email protected]. com Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/BG/000756 LIFE Eco- HeatOx: Highly efficiency furnace for glass industry 7/13-12/16 4.329 (1.690) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/FR/000142 LIFE HEART: Energy recovery from exhausts of brick industry. 7/13-6/17 2.982 (998) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/IT/000307 LIFE HPRS: Resin and energy saving in wood fibre board production 7/13-12/15 1.470 (735) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/IT/000423 LIFE GLUELESS: 7/13-12/16 Save glue in nappies to reduce emissions 3.079 (1.443) Link web site − 1.257 Arturo GHINI ammini Link web (593) strazione.piera@ceram site icaalta.com − LIFE12.ENV/IT/000424 LIFE ZEF-tile: Oxy-firing and CO2 sequestration 7/13-12/15 LIFE12.ENV/IT/000611 LIFE+ - VIRGIN: 7/13-12/15 Gasification and energetic use of absorbent hygiene product (AHP) residues 2.061 Marcello SOMMA (1.030) [email protected] Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/IT/000904 LIFE FRELP: PV- 7/13-6/17 panel recycling 4.887 (2.384) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/IT/001020 LIFE PRIME GLASS: Energy and emission improvement in the glass industry 7/13-3/17 3.131 (1.324) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/NL/000718 Life_Green_plasma: New more efficient process 7/13-7/15 4.462 (1.902) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/SE/000529 Etanolix 2.0 for LIFE+: Ethanol from food wastes 7/13-7/17 4.552 (1.683) Link web site good LIFE96.ENV/B/000477 Recycling Aluminium Duffel: New oven to recycle Aluminium 8/96-7/99 Link -‐-‐ − 8.943 Rudi LAHEYE (443) Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 68 / 11 Industrial production Companies in background Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration funding) Contact web web Sco- sum site ring LIFE02.ENV/F/000289 PRIVILEGES: Local actions (one city) on diverse GHG reductions 9/02-8/05 712 (356) Serge ORRU [email protected] Link web site good LIFE03.ENV/A/000002 PROCOOL: Cold appliance competition 10/03-9/06 767 (371) Link web site best 10/04-9/08 2.285 LIFE04.ENV/IT/000453 (1.085) ROMAPERKYOTO: LAP Local action plan for Rome Link web site good Link web site very good (LIFE 6/06-6/05 625 (312) LIFE06.PREP/UK/000002 TRITECH ETV: 9/06-8/09 Evaluation system for eco products 1.393 (696) Anthony DAVIS info Link -‐-‐ @betatechnology.co.uk LIFE05.PREP/UK/000012 LETS update: Assessment of the EU ETS phase I. very good LIFE07.ENV/GR/000282 CLIM- LOCAL2020: System for local Climate Change action plan 1/09-12/11 2.778 Alexandros Voulgaris (1.087) mayor@volos-city.gr Link web site very good LIFE07.ENV/IT/000357 LACRe: Local Climate Alliance Action Plans. 1/09-12/10 594 (297) Giovanna ROSSI G. [email protected] o.it Link web site belo w aver age LIFE07.ENV/IT/000388 CARBOMARK: Setting up voluntary carbon markets 1/09-12/11 1.088 (544) Maurizio DISSEGNA Link -‐-‐ maurizio.dissegna@re gione.veneto.it excel lent LIFE08.ENV/E/000126 ECO-STONE: Energy efficiency and other measures in natural stone business 1/10-12/12 1.670 (835) Patricia GALISTEO p Link -‐-‐ atricia.galisteo@aidico. es good LIFE08.ENV/H/000291 ISIM-TCC: "Industrial Symbiosis": waste of one business as raw material for another to increase resource efficiency 1/10-12/12 793 (397) Krisztina BÁRDOS [email protected] Link web site very good LIFE08.ENV/IT/000430 FACTOR20: Integrated management tools for regional Climate Change effort sharing 1/10-12/12 2.513 Valentina SACHERO Link web (1.206) valentina_sachero@re site gione.lombardia.it good LIFE09.ENV/DK/000366 Climate Partnerships: PPPs for GHG reduction 1/11-12/13 2.114 Lars CHRISTENSEN Link web (1.051) Lars.Christensen@albe site rtslund.dk good LIFE09.ENV/ES/000435 LASERFIRING: Laser to lower temperature of ceramic process 9/10-8/13 excel lent LIFE09.ENV/FR/000598 CLIMATE: Regional climate action plan. 9/10-12/13 LIFE09.ENV/IT/000115 SUN EAGLE: Local management of Kyoto P. actions in mountainous communities 9/10-12/13 3.006 Alessandro COPPOLA Link web (1.457) [email protected] site good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000117 GREEN METALLURGY: Improved production of Mg-alloy components 9/10-8/13 2.060 Fabrizio D'ERRICO F Link web (1.009) [email protected] site t faile d Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final 2.468 Germán DE LA FUENT Link -‐-‐ (1.232) E LEIS [email protected] 1.568 Chrystelle TOUZEAU (784) [email protected] Link web site − p. 69 / 11 Industrial production Companies in background Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE09.ENV/SE/000352 Pure Energy Separator: Prototype lubricant separator 9/10-6/13 LIFE09.INF/DE/000012 Pro-Klima Autoklimaanlage: More eco-friendly air condition in cars. 9/10-8/13 LIFE10.ENV/IT/000323 RHM Pilot Plant: Combined ecofriendly production of Magnesium and hydrogen 9/11-12/14 LIFE11.ENV/ES/000530 INDUFOOD: Induction heating for seafood processing to save energy. 8/12-10/15 LIFE11.ENV/ES/000542 ENERING: Energy savings for industrial parks. 6/12-12/14 LIFE11.ENV/ES/000560 CERAMGLASS: 6/12-6/15 Laser to lower temperature of ceramic process (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact Link web site good Link -‐-‐ very good Link -‐-‐ belo w aver age 1.097 Francisco Perez (548) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ − 2.232 Juan Pablo Caballero (975) Corbalán rita.lopezal [email protected] Link web site − Link -‐-‐ − 3.108 Tomas OLDEBÄCK t (1.439) omas.oldeback@alfala val.com 800 Eva LAUER (400) [email protected] 4.109 (1.765) 2.898 Xermán Francisco de l (1.448) a Fuente Leis [email protected] LIFE11.ENV/FR/000739 SUSTAIN-ICT: Energy saving with ICT in social housing 7/12-10/15 1.773 Alexis MIRONNEAU (725) amironneau@pole- numerique.fr Link web site − LIFE11.ENV/IT/000119 BLUE AP: Transfer Local Adaptation Planning to Italy. Includes mitigation. 10/12-9/15 986 (493) Link -‐-‐ − LIFE12.ENV/ES/000079 LIFE REUSING POSIDONIA: Combine eco-innovation and tradition to low carbon renovation of building. 8/13-7/17 1.581 (754) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/ES/000156 LIFE CLAYGLASS: Waste glass for stoneware production. 9/13-9/16 1.977 (989) Link web site − 750 (369) Link web site − 1.825 (900) Link web site − 3.105 (1.552) Link web site − 1.149 Guillermo GARCÍA REI Link web (456) NA site [email protected] P.ES − LIFE12.ENV/ES/000315 LIFE CO2SHOE: 10/13-9/17 Footwear Carbon Footprint LIFE12.ENV/FR/001113 LifeCiP (LCiP): Eco design training campaign 9/13-6/16 LIFE12.ENV/UK/000608 LIFE REBus: Resource efficient business models 7/13-12/16 LIFE97.ENV/E/000252 Bioalgae: Use CO2 from combustion exhaust for Algae cultivation for fodder and organic resources 11/97- 10/00 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 70 / 11 7.2.8 Energy consumption: Transport/mobility (including road) There are 52 mitigation projects on transport/mobility (total budget: 141,6 m€;; funding: 58,0 m€). A large group that involves many transport-related projects, “urban/regional planning”, was selected to serve the ‘urban’ focus requested by DG CLIMA: 37 projects are listed in the table below (83,4 m€, funding 36,3 m€). Ten of these projects have “mobility” in their short descriptor and four “logistic”. For further examination of the transport projects it could be useful to distinguish between reducing traffic, organising traffic and making vehicles more eco-friendly (fuels, infrastructure). The other 15 projects, in which neither urban nor regional authorities are in the lead (total budget: 58,2 m€;; funding: 21,7 m€) are listed in the second table below. Transport – involving urban/ regional planning Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration 5/97-11/98 LIFE97.ENV/D/000469 Model District Vauban: Realisation of a socio-ecological city district. (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1.576 Laurenz HERMANN Link -‐-‐ (715) L.Hermann@3Landbox .comlink.apc.org − 589 Jean-Luc DE WILDE (237) Link -‐-‐ − LIFE00.ENV/A/000240 GOAL: City traffic 1/01-6/03 education 1.013 Wolfgang THIEL wolf (504) [email protected]. at Link web site − LIFE02.ENV/E/000253 ECOBUS: Spent cooking oil to bus diesel fuel 11/02- 11/04 1.676 (798) Link web site best LIFE02.ENV/GR/000362 MedClima: A 11/02- group of communes cooperates in the field 10/05 of CO2 reductions. 893 (442) Link web site good LIFE98.ENV/B/000269 Make Brussels bicycle friendly Bruxelles: Bicycle friendly Brussels 2/98-12/00 LIFE02.ENV/IT/000106 RAVE: Slow mobility 12/02-6/05 4.325 Paola VALLARO urb Link web (1.060) [email protected]. site it best LIFE02.ENV/UK/000136 Catch: Urban transport for clean air in Liverpool 9/02-8/05 3.945 Karen BOOTH Karen Link web (1.494) [email protected] site ov.uk good LIFE02.ENV/UK/000147 Carra: Local action combining energy saving and Climate action 11/02- 12/04 422 (270) Link web site very good LIFE03.ENV/IT/000319 SIDDHARTA: Public transport on demand 6/03-7/05 1.327 (573) Link web site best 10/04-9/08 LIFE04.ENV/IT/000453 ROMAPERKYOTO: LAP Local action plan for Rome 2.285 (1.085) Link web site good LIFE04.ENV/IT/000547 FREEWAY: Real- 10/04-9/06 time feedback via road displays to reduce traffic jams and emissions. 1.599 (767) Link web site belo w aver age Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 71 / 11 Transport – involving urban/ regional planning Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE05.ENV/IT/000839 C-DISPATCH: City logistics 10/05- 12/07 1.435 Valeria CRISTINI sett Link web (718) [email protected] site t good LIFE05.ENV/IT/000870 CEDM: City logistics 11/05-4/08 1.423 Mauro Di Bugno m.di Link web (712) [email protected] site t best LIFE06.ENV/D/000465 ZEM/SHIPS: Fuelcell passenger ship 11/06-4/10 LIFE06.TCY/ROS/000269 KALAIR: GIS modelling air pollution 1/07-12/08 LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000138 CHAMP: International climate alliance of cities with an EMAS tool 1/09-12/11 LIFE07.INF/IT/000487 R.A.C.E.S.: Climate Change and energy awareness raising 1/09-4/11 LIFE08.ENV/GR/000569 BIOFUELS-2G: 1/10-12/12 Energy (biodiesel) from used cooking oil Contact 5.158 (2.384) Link -‐-‐ very good Link -‐-‐ good 2.033 Pekka SALMINEN Pe Link -‐-‐ (1.015) [email protected] very good 426 Boris KOMOVNIKOV (284) [email protected] Link web site good 1.416 Spyros VOUTETAKIS Link web (655) [email protected] site very good 1.033 Natale SEREMIA (510) [email protected] LIFE08.ENV/IT/000425 ETRUSCAN: Local bio-diesel for local busses. 1/10-1/13 2.634 Alessandro POZZI a. (1.287) [email protected] LIFE08.ENV/S/000269 CLEANTRUCK: Filling stations for new fuels and tyre fillings. 1/10-12/13 3.509 Elin SKOGENS elin.s Link web (1.280) [email protected] site very good LIFE09.ENV/AT/000226 CEMOBIL: e- mobility introduction in Klagenfurt 9/10-8/15 5.947 Wolfgang HAFNER Link -‐-‐ (2.581) Wolfgang.Hafner@klag enfurt.at − LIFE09.ENV/DK/000366 Climate Partnerships: PPPs for GHG reduction 1/11-12/13 2.114 Lars CHRISTENSEN Link web (1.051) Lars.Christensen@albe site rtslund.dk good LIFE09.ENV/ES/000507 CONNECT: e- mobility network 9/10-8/13 2.029 Susana LACALZADA D Link web (922) EL BUSTO slacalzad site [email protected] − LIFE09.ENV/IT/000063 I.MO.S.M.I.D.: Car pooling with e-vehicles 9/10-8/13 2.167 Simone ANTINUCCI (821) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000107 EFRUD: Emissions free refrigerated urban distribution 10/10-9/13 1.454 Tamara TELESCA (723) [email protected] Link web site good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000111 ELBA: Eco- friendly commercial traffic on Elba 10/10-9/13 1.857 Paola MANCUSO pm Link -‐-‐ (917) [email protected] o.li.it good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000146 T.A.SM.A.C.: Mobility governance for tourstic cities. 11/10- 12/13 1.455 Roberta RUGGERI ro Link -‐-‐ (666) berta.ruggeri@regione. marche.it − LIFE09.ENV/IT/000216 H2POWER: Hydrogen in fuel gas 9/10-10/13 1.440 Leonardo NALDINI l. Link web (634) [email protected] site ia.it very good Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final Link web site − p. 72 / 11 Transport – involving urban/ regional planning Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE09.ENV/SE/000348 BIOGASSYS: Extended use of biogas 9/10-9/15 9/11-12/15 LIFE10.ENV/AT/000112 POLYWOOD: Wood gas refinement to car fuel and basic chemicals (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 2.846 Anna HANSSON ann Link web (1.308) a.hansson@biogassyd. site se good 9.682 Wolfgang HAFNER w Link -‐-‐ (3.934) olfgang.hafner@klagen furt.at good , but abort ed LIFE10.ENV/MT/000088 DemoEV: e- mobility in Malta 9/11-12/14 1.888 Gabriella CASSOLA Link web (668) gabriella.cassola@gov. site mt − LIFE10.ENV/SE/000035 SLIDE IN: Electric bus in public transport operation 9/11-12/15 1.665 Patrik RYDEN patrik.r Link web (759) [email protected] site good LIFE10.ENV/SE/000041 HYPER BUS: Hybrid and plug-in extended range bus system 9/11-9/14 LIFE11.ENV/NL/000793 E-mobility 3 cities 9/12-3/16 NL: e-mobility charging infrastructure LIFE12.ENV/FR/001125 LIFE+ Urbannecy: City logistic to reduce CO2 and PM10 by new fuels. 7/13-3/16 5/97-11/98 LIFE97.ENV/D/000469 Model District Vauban: Realisation of a socio-ecological city district. 3.249 Lars BERN lars.bern (1.546) @businessregion.se Link web site good 2.075 Maarten Van Casteren Link -‐-‐ (733) M.van.Casteren@IV V.amsterdam.nl − 2.040 Xavier GROSJEAN x Link web (959) avier.grosjean@terreal. site com − 1.576 Laurenz HERMANN Link -‐-‐ (715) L.Hermann@3Landbox .comlink.apc.org − − LIFE98.ENV/B/000269 Make Brussels bicycle friendly Bruxelles: Bicycle friendly Brussels 2/98-12/00 589 Jean-Luc DE WILDE (237) LIFE05.ENV/E/000262 GESMOPOLI: Mobility management in industrial parks. 11/05- 10/08 1.441 Domènec Cucurull Des Link web (721) càrrega site [email protected] best LIFE07.ENV/IT/000434 MHyBus: Methane/ hydrogen blend fuel for busses 1/09-12/11 1.323 Paolo FERRECCHI d Link web (589) gmobilitaetrasporti@re site gione.emilia-romagna.it very good Link -‐-‐ Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 73 / 11 Transport/ mobility without authorities’ lead Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE00.TCY/CY/051 Traffic emission policy in Cyprus: Set up vehicle emission legislation in Cyprus 5/01-10/03 LIFE03.ENV/S/000592 Cleanowa: CNG powered waste trucks 12/02- 11/05 LIFE03.ENV/UK/000615 Ref Project: Mobile batch heater for road surface material 10/03- 10/05 LIFE05.ENV/S/000405 DME Vehicle: DME truck (Di-Methyl-Ether) 1/05-6/07 LIFE06.ENV/L/000118 Bio Tyre: Filler development for BioTyres saving petrol 12/05-5/09 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 514 (358) Link web site excel lent 3.769 (1.121) Link -‐-‐ very good 4.876 (1.004) Link web site best of best 1.815 (907) Link web site faile d 12.393 Michael MARKOFF Link -‐-‐ (3.120) mike_markoff@goodye ar.com good 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate 8.839 Markus Amann (4.417) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ excel lent LIFE07.INF/UK/000950 Eco-Animation: Eco-Animation: childrens' cartoon on climate change and sustainability 1/09-3/11 541 Luigi PETITO (258) luigi@bs-europa.eu Link web site very good LIFE08.ENV/F/000485 ROMAIR: Air quality modelling and forecast system 1/10-6/12 1.437 Jacques MOUSSAFIR Link web (709) [email protected] site very good LIFE09.ENV/LU/000390 ECO2 Tyre Tech: 9/10-3/14 Development of an eco-tyre LIFE11.ENV/ES/000585 BIOLCA: Life cycle tool for optimised biofuel use in transport. 7/12-12/14 LIFE11.ENV/FR/000756 RE-USE: Recover braking energy in DC rail systems. 6/12-5/15 LIFE12.ENV/ES/000686 LIFE HUELLAS: 10/13-3/17 Reduce Carbon Footprint of rail infrastructure. 5.285 Georges THIELEN g (2.268) eorges.thielen@goody ear.com Link -‐-‐ − 1.223 Juan Antonio Gascón (611) Redondo [email protected] Link -‐-‐ − 3.346 Daniel Cadet Daniel- Link web (1.673) [email protected] site m.com 1.408 (692) − Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/FR/000480 LIFE AUTO: Additive for biofuel to save fuel and GHG. 7/13-6/16 3.276 Thierry SEGUELONG Link web (1.598) thierry.seguelong@so site lvay.com − LIFE12.ENV/NL/000739 Life+ LE2AP: New "cold" asphalt with less emissions. 7/13-6/17 4.909 (1.280) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/SE/000529 Etanolix 2.0 for LIFE+: Ethanol from food wastes 7/13-7/17 4.552 (1.683) Link web site good Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 74 / 11 7.2.9 Energy consumption non-road: Rail, aviation and ships There are only few LIFE mitigation projects on non-road transport: • Three on rail (total budget: 6,0 m€;; funding: 3,0 m€), • One on aviation (total budget: 0,48 m€;; funding: 0,21 m€), and • Five on ships (total budget: 18,1 m€;; funding: 6,3 m€). Budget x1000 € Mitigation: Rail Project short description Duration LIFE02.ENV/IT/000064 PVTRAIN: Photovoltaic panels on trains 11/02- 10/04 LIFE11.ENV/FR/000756 RE-USE: Recover braking energy in DC rail systems. 6/12-5/15 LIFE12.ENV/ES/000686 LIFE HUELLAS: 10/13-3/17 Reduce Carbon Footprint of rail infrastructure. (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1.253 (616) best of best Link -‐-‐ 3.346 Daniel Cadet Daniel- Link web (1.673) [email protected] site m.com 1.408 (692) Link web site − − Budget x1000 € Mitigation: Aviation Project short description Duration LIFE99.ENV/S/000631 Eiatne: Modelling 1/99-12/01 aviation impacts in the Nordic region. (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 476 (210) Link web site good Budget x1000 € Mitigation: Ships (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE03.ENV/NL/000474 LNG Tanker: LNG carrier ship run by "boil off" 12/02-1/05 4.923 (874) Link -‐-‐ − LIFE06.ENV/D/000465 ZEM/SHIPS: Fuelcell passenger ship 11/06-4/10 5.158 (2.384) Link -‐-‐ very good 4.116 (1.213) Link web site excel lent LIFE06.ENV/D/000479 WINTECC: Large 1/06-6/09 kite as propulsion for cargo vessels LIFE08.ENV/CY/000461 MARITIMECO2: 1/10-7/12 Impact of ETR for shipping (emission trade) LIFE09.ENV/SE/000352 Pure Energy Separator: Prototype lubricant separator 9/10-6/13 Contact 831 Sergios SERGHIOU Link web (412) [email protected] site ov.cy 3.108 Tomas OLDEBÄCK t (1.439) omas.oldeback@alfala val.com Link web site − good Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 75 / 11 7.2.10 Energy consumption: Agriculture There are 27 mitigation projects involving agriculture (total budget: 72,5 m€;; funding: 31,7 m€). DG CLIMA specifically requested information on climate change projects in the agriculture sector. From analysing the relevant LIFE projects it appears that agriculture is related to climate change in several ways: • As a power consumer (directly via increasingly mechanised farming and indirectly via fertilisers). • As a fuel producer (biogas, liquid and solid bio fuel/ biomass). • As an emitter of highly potent GHGs like methane (mainly cattle and dairy), ammonia and nitreous oxide (fertiliser) and occasionally of methane due to de-watering of bogs and wetlands. • As a carbon sink (captured carbon for green house horticulture, soil build-up measures, afforestation, restoration of bogs to restart sequestration). It does not appear feasible to subdivide this group of 27 projects as there are many overlaps which would be lost with sub-grouping. Therefore all 27 are listed below. Taking into account these diverse links to climate change and the large overall contribution to emissions as well as sinks the number of projects is lower than expected. Reasons for this may include the following: • The agri-sector is a user of technology and methods rather than a developer (LIFE ENV only funds innovative solutions);; • There are other funding schemes especially for the agri-sector which are many times larger than LIFE and which may fund necessary R&D work;; and • Mitigation measures often are not “revolutionary” but just require a certain market price to encourage farmers to change their crops and procedures. If the costs of energy, fertiliser and water rise and the rewards for eco-friendly farming make it financially viable, there is hope that agriculture will change. These points should be taken into account for the LIFE call 2014, which states as one of the focus topics “Agriculture: implementation of low carbon farming practices with a transformational impact and analysis and development of improvements for existing climate measures under CAP [Common Agricultural Policy]”. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 76 / 11 Budget x1000 € Mitigation: Agriculture Project short description Duration (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1/95-12/98 LIFE94.ENV/IT/000116 "Ginestra" Reintroduction of broom cropping: Biofuel from broom (amongst other uses). 275 (138) Link -‐-‐ − LIFE02.ENV/H/000440 BIOGASCONVERT: Biogas production and upgrading for CHP plus CO2 for greenhouse use. 10/02- 12/04 5.368 (915) Link -‐-‐ − LIFE04.ENV/DK/000067 New potatopro: Energy efficient waste water utilisation (potatoes) 12/03- 12/06 6.933 (1.354) Link web site very good LIFE05.ENV/UK/000998 Integrated Greenhouse: Integrate greenhouse and other buildings to lower GHG emissions. 1/05-12/08 4.487 (2.243) Link -‐-‐ good LIFE06.ENV/IT/000257 VOICE: Energy crops against land abandonment 10/06- 12/09 3.381 Francesco MARTELLI Link web (1.686) francesco.martelli@u site nifi.it LIFE06.ENV/IT/000266 Seq-Cure: Test of 12/06-2/10 different energy crops 1.917 Marco Ligabue (956) [email protected] 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate 8.839 Markus Amann (4.417) [email protected] LIFE07.ENV/D/000240 Best4VarioUse: Standardisation: Turn waste wood to energy or products 1/09-12/11 LIFE07.ENV/IT/000516 SUSTGREENHOUSE: Greenhouse horticulture 2/09-1/12 best Link web site best of best Link -‐-‐ excel lent 3.971 Ina EHRHARDT ina.e Link -‐-‐ (1.793) [email protected]. de − 921 Paollo COLLEPARDI Link web (440) [email protected] site good 1/09-12/10 LIFE07.INF/E/000852 CHANGING THE CHANGE: Climate Change information for the agro-forestry sector and the general public 534 José RODRIGUEZ BL (267) ANCO xestion@unio nsagrarias.org Link web site very good LIFE08.ENV/E/000114 POWER: Water and energy efficiency in agriculture 1/10-12/12 1.421 María Nieves ZUBALE (651) Z MARCO [email protected] Link web site excel lent LIFE08.ENV/E/000129 LIFE+AGRICARBON: Research and demonstrate conservation agriculture and precision agriculture. 1/10-12/13 2.675 Emilio Jesús GONZÁL (1.237) EZ SÁNCHEZ egonz alez@aeac-sv.org Link web site − LIFE08.ENV/IT/000388 RELS: Energy recovery from waste in natural parks via biogas and pyrolysis. 1/10-12/12 9/10-12/13 LIFE09.ENV/ES/000441 ACCIÓN AGROCLIMÁTICA: Climate Change audit for farmers LIFE09.ENV/GR/000296 Adapt2Change: 9/10-8/14 Energy and water efficient horticulture greenhouses Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final 1.699 Alberto BELLINI alber Link web (847) [email protected] site good 1.589 Eduardo DE MIGUEL Link -‐-‐ (794) edemiguel@fundacion globalnature.org good 2.577 Alexandros PAPACHA (1.288) TZIS [email protected] Link web site − p. 77 / 11 Budget x1000 € Mitigation: Agriculture (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE09.ENV/IT/000214 GAS-OFF: Research drivers of GHG emissions of livestock and manure. 10/10- 12/13 LIFE09.ENV/SE/000348 BIOGASSYS: Extended use of biogas 9/10-9/15 2.846 Anna HANSSON ann Link web (1.308) a.hansson@biogassyd. site se good LIFE10.INF/UK/000189 Futurescapes: Implementation of landscape-scale conservation initiatives 9/11-12/14 3.855 Aidan LONERGAN Ai Link web (1.928) [email protected] site g.uk good LIFE11.ENV/GR/000942 oLIVE-CLIMA: Soil build-up in olive plantations captures carbon. 10/12-9/17 3.649 Sokratis Famellos en Link -‐-‐ (1.822) [email protected] − LIFE12.ENV/ES/000426 LIFE RegaDIOX: 7/13-12/16 Improved irrigation for carbon richer soils. Contact 1.806 Luigi STEFANINI stef Link -‐-‐ (903) [email protected] 938 (468) − Link web site − 9/13-9/17 LIFE12.ENV/FI/000409 MONIMET: Mapping Climate Change effects on boreal zones by innovative combination of data sources 2.755 Ali NADIR ARSLAN (1.367) [email protected] Link web site − 7/13-6/18 LIFE12.ENV/FR/000799 LIFE Carbon Dairy: Carbon plan for French dairy sector 2.383 (1.192) Link web site − Link -‐-‐ − 1.355 (672) LIFE12.ENV/IT/000356 Life RESAFE: Innovative fertilizer 1/14-12/15 LIFE12.ENV/IT/000424 LIFE ZEF-tile: Oxy-firing and CO2 sequestration in greenhouse 7/13-12/15 1.257 (593) LIFE12.ENV/IT/000578 LIFE HelpSoil: Soil enhancement for better carbon sequestration and Climate Change resilience. 7/13-6/17 2.942 (1.308) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/SE/000800 SOLMACC Life: 8/13-7/18 Climate friendly farming 2.140 (1.070) Link web site − Arturo GHINI ammini Link web strazione.piera@ceram site icaalta.com − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 78 / 11 7.2.11 Energy consumption: LULUCF - Land use, land use change and forestry There are 27 mitigation projects on LULUCF (total budget: 74,0 m€;; funding: 37,4 m€). (The co- funding rate of above 50% is a result of the higher funding rate (75%) of certain NAT projects). The 27 project can be clearly divided into three sub-groups: • Restoration of bogs and mires to avoid methane emissions and restart carbon sequestration: Seven NAT projects and one ENV project (quantifying the ecosystem service). As little financial data were available by the end of the study, they are not summarised here. • Forest projects for sequestration and carbon certificates: Four projects (total budget: 7,0 m€;; funding: 3,4 m€). • Algae projects for carbon capture and biomass: Three projects (total budget: 14,4 m€;; funding: 6,0 m€). • Other biomass production/energy crops (mainly for fuel): Six projects (total budget: 11,9 m€;; funding: 5,9 m€). • Other LULUCF projects, such asevaluation of effects and optimisation, carbon rich soils etc: Five projects (total budget: 19,5 m€ funding: 9,5 m€). LULUCF: Restoration of bogs Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact One ENV project: LIFE12.ENV/FI/000150 LIFEPeatLandUse: Quantify ecosystem services of peatlands (no dates) no data 7/13 – 6/18 2.863..( 1.431) -‐-‐ -‐-‐ LIFE04.NAT/PL/000208 PLBALTBOGS: Improve 23 of the 80 Baltic raised bogs 11/03-9/07 LIFE07.NAT/D/000233 ReHa Federseemoor: Bog restauration plus archeology (no dates) LIFE07.NAT/UK/000948 Anglesey and Lleyn Fens : Bogs and mires restoration 968 Pawel PAWLACZYK (681) [email protected] − Link web site − no data -‐-‐ web site very good (no dates) no data -‐-‐ -‐-‐ − LIFE08.NAT/B/000033 LOMME: Peatbog (no dates) restoration no data -‐-‐ web site good LIFE08.NAT/FIN/000596 Boreal Peatland 1/10-12/14 Life : Restoring 3000+ ha peatland sites 6.727 Jouni Penttinen jouni. Link web (3.363) [email protected] site very good LIFE08.NAT/S/000268 Life to ad(d)mire : 1/10-12/15 Halting emissions from 35 peatland sites 6.813 Lisa TENNING Lisa.T Link web (3.407) enning@lansstyrelsen. site se − 6.691 Catherine WYNN cat Link web (5.018) herine.wynn@peakdistr site ict.gov.uk excel lent LIFE08.NAT/UK/000202 MoorLIFE : Bogs, fens and mires 4/10-4/15 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 79 / 11 Budget x1000 € LULUCF: Forests Project short description Duration (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact LIFE08.ENV/E/000097 JEREZ + natural: 1/10-12/11 Healthier trees in urban areas 657 Felisa ROSADO REFO Link -‐-‐ (318) LIO delegada.medioa [email protected] very good 1/11-12/14 LIFE09.ENV/FI/000571 Climforisk: Compile forecast for forest changes due to Climate Change 1.486 Aleksi LEHTONEN Link -‐-‐ (742) aleksi.lehtonen@metla. fi good LIFE11.ENV/ES/000535 OPERATION CO2: Forests: Carbon certificates and adaptation. 9/12-8/17 7/13-6/16 LIFE12.ENV/ES/000092 life-QUF: Forestation of southern cities supported by root funghi (mycorrhizae) 3.515 Yolanda Calvo Conde Link -‐-‐ (1.753) [email protected] 1.357 (621) − Link web site − Budget x1000 € LULUCF: Algae Project short description Duration LIFE97.ENV/E/000252 Bioalgae: Use CO2 from combustion exhaust for Algae cultivation for fodder and organic resources 11/97- 10/00 LIFE10.ENV/BE/000696 AGICAL+: CO2 from combustion to grow microalgae. 11/11-9/16 LIFE10.ENV/ES/000496 CO2ALGAEFIX: 9/11-6/14 1 hektar microalgae test plant for carbon capture. 9/11-8/14 LIFE10.ENV/RO/000734 ALGAE-GHG: CO2 from combustion to grow microalgae. (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1.149 Guillermo GARCÍA REI Link web (456) NA site [email protected] P.ES − 9.152 Christophe Boonaert Link web (3.580) Christophe.Boonaert@ site eu.agc-group.com belo w aver age 2.981 Augusto RODRIGUEZ- Link -‐-‐ (1.490) MATONS [email protected] − 1.100 Sanda VELEA gener (495) [email protected] o Link web site − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 80 / 11 Budget x1000 € LULUCF: Other biomass (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE00.ENV/IT/000054 Biosit: GIS for biomass exploitation 10/01- 10/03 442 (215) Link web site very good LIFE05.ENV/UK/000128 BioReGen: Energy crops from brownfields 12/05-4/10 1.221 (610) Link -‐-‐ best LIFE06.ENV/IT/000257 VOICE: Energy crops against land abandonment 10/06- 12/09 LIFE06.ENV/IT/000266 Seq-Cure: Test of 12/06-2/10 different energy crops LIFE07.ENV/D/000222 PROGRASS: Mobile bio-fuel production from conservation sites 1/09-6/12 LIFE08.ENV/IT/000388 RELS: Energy recovery from waste in natural parks via biogas and pyrolysis. 1/10-12/12 Contact 3.381 Francesco MARTELLI Link web (1.686) francesco.martelli@u site nifi.it 1.917 Marco Ligabue (956) [email protected] best Link web site best of best 3.231 Michael Wachendorf Link web (1.614) mwach@uni-kassel.de site excel lent 1.699 Alberto BELLINI alber Link web (847) [email protected] site good LULUCF: Other LULUCF projects Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 8.839 Markus Amann (4.417) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ excel lent LIFE07.ENV/IT/000388 CARBOMARK: Setting up voluntary carbon markets 1/09-12/11 1.088 Maurizio DISSEGNA Link -‐-‐ (544) maurizio.dissegna@re gione.veneto.it excel lent LIFE10.INF/UK/000189 Futurescapes: Implementation of landscape-scale conservation initiatives 9/11-12/14 3.855 Aidan LONERGAN Ai Link web (1.928) [email protected] site g.uk good 2.755 Ali NADIR ARSLAN (1.367) [email protected] Link web site 2.942 (1.308) Link web site 9/13-9/17 LIFE12.ENV/FI/000409 MONIMET: Mapping Climate Change effects on boreal zones by innovative combination of data sources LIFE12.ENV/IT/000578 LIFE HelpSoil: Soil enhancement for better carbon sequestration and Climate Change resilience. 7/13-6/17 Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 81 / 11 7.2.12 Energy consumption: non-specific private/bottom-up change of habits There are 26 mitigation projects on this topic (total budget: 36,2 m€;; funding: 17,2 m€), of which 10 are INF projects – which is in line with expectations, since INF projects usually target the general public. The 26 projects can be divided into three small but distinct sub-groups: • Change of private behaviour as a direct aim: Thirteeen projects, 10 of them INF projects (total budget: 18,9 m€;; funding: 8,6 m€). • Local action plans by the commune/local authority (preparation of private engagement, indirect): Eight projects (total budget: 11,9 m€;; funding: 5,9 m€). • End-user devices/consumer goods: Four projects (total budget: 4,4 m€ funding: 2,0 m€). Budget Projects trying to change private habits x1000 € Project short description Duration funding) Contact web web Sco- sum site ring ENV projects (LIFE 422 (270) Link web very site good LIFE02.ENV/UK/000147 Carra: Local action combining enery saving and Climate action 11/02- 12/04 LIFE09.ENV/SE/000350 CLICC: Climate Change conform behaviour of citizens 9/10-8/15 4.352 Dagmar GORMSEN Link web (1.370) Dagmar.gormsen@mal site mo.se LIFE10.ENV/ES/000494 People CO2Cero: Initiate bottom up engagement of citizens for Climate Change action. 9/11-9/13 724 Javier ANTÓN CACHO Link -‐-‐ (362) javieranton@ayto- soria.org − LIFE10.ENV/IT/000401 ECO Courts: Eco-friendly lifestyle (not only Climate Change) 10/11-9/14 1.680 Daniela LUISE luised Link -‐-‐ (840) @comune.padova.it − INF projects faile d 1/09-12/10 LIFE07.INF/E/000852 CHANGING THE CHANGE: Climate Change information for the agro-forestry sector and the general public 534 José RODRIGUEZ BL (267) ANCO xestion@unio nsagrarias.org Link web site very good LIFE07.INF/FIN/000152 CCCRP: Climate 1/09-12/11 Change portal for general public 1.988 (990) Link -‐-‐ very good Link web site good LIFE07.INF/IT/000487 R.A.C.E.S.: Climate Change and energy awareness raising 1/09-4/11 1.033 Natale SEREMIA (510) [email protected] LIFE07.INF/UK/000932 RENEW: Hot water saving in households 1/09-12/11 1.942 Simon Green simon.g Link -‐-‐ (971) [email protected] very good LIFE07.INF/UK/000950 Eco-Animation: Eco-Animation: childrens' cartoon on climate change and sustainability 1/09-3/11 541 Luigi PETITO (258) luigi@bs-europa.eu very good Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final Link web site p. 82 / 11 Budget Projects trying to change private habits Project short description x1000 € Duration (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1/10-12/12 LIFE08.INF/GR/000589 ProSuDePe: Eduction to reduce energy, waste and fire. 1.232 (593) LIFE08.INF/IT/000308 WATACLIC: Adapt 1/10-12/12 urban water consumption 768 Giulio CONTE giulio. Link web (384) [email protected] site very good 7/13-6/16 LIFE12.INF/AT/000369 EKO-LIFE: Eco- friendly lifestyle (not only Climate Change) 776 (388) Link web site − 1.112 (554) Link web site − 1.294 (636) Link web site good LIFE12.INF/IT/000465 EcoLife: Climate friendly lifestyle 10/13-9/16 LIFE12.INF/SK/000165 SMAPUDE_LIFE: 9/13-8/16 Dissemination of biomass and solar energy in Slovakian housing canc elled Link -‐-‐ Budget x1000 € Local action plans (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE05.TCY/IL/000131 CBCSCIL: General Agenda 21 capacity building in Israel 10/05- 10/08 LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000138 CHAMP: International climate alliance of cities with an EMAS tool 1/09-12/11 2.033 Pekka SALMINEN Pe Link -‐-‐ (1.015) [email protected] very good LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000145 Julia 2030: Broad set of urban Climate Change mitigation actions. 1/09-12/12 2.146 Silja Huuhtanen silja. (1.073) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good LIFE09.ENV/FR/000598 CLIMATE: Regional climate action plan. 9/10-12/13 1.568 Chrystelle TOUZEAU (784) [email protected] Link web site − LIFE09.ENV/IT/000200 LAIKA: Local authorities organise GHG reductions 10/10-9/13 1.853 Elena MONTICELLI e Link -‐-‐ (926) lena.monticelli@comun e.milano.it LIFE09.ENV/SE/000346 GREECIT: Local 10/10-3/15 environmental measures Contact 490 (335) Link web site − good 2.670 Johan SANDSTRÖM Link web (1.302) johan.sandstrom@ume site a.se − LIFE11.ENV/IT/000119 BLUE AP: Transfer local adaptation planning to Italy. Includes mitigation. 10/12-9/15 986 (493) Link -‐-‐ − LIFE12.ENV/ES/000138 LIFE STARS (+20): Save energy in tourist lodges. 10/13-9/16 1.706 (820) Link web site − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 83 / 11 End-user devices/ consumer goods Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration LIFE03.ENV/A/000002 PROCOOL: Cold appliance competition 10/03-9/06 767 (371) Link web site βεστ LIFE05.ENV/DK/000156 CO2REF: Transcritical CO2 refrigeration system 10/05- 10/07 556 (167) Link web site βεστ οφ βε στ LIFE09.ENV/GR/000299 SOL-BRINE: Solar-driven autonomous treatment of desalination brine 10/10-3/13 1.210 Tasos VIDALIS dtpro (605) [email protected] ov.gr Link web site ϖερ ψ γο οδ 6/12-5/15 LIFE11.ENV/IT/000103 HEO: New enamelling to improve efficiency of electric ovens (kitchen). Contact 1.821 Teresa Vitale Teresa Link -‐-‐ (855) [email protected] − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 84 / 11 7.2.13 Non-CO2 emissions There are 61 mitigation projects on this topic (total budget: 141,6 m€;; funding: 63,0 m€). This large group of projects could be subdivided into seven smaller groups with little overlap. The charts below show the distribution of projects, budget and strands. For each of the seven sub-groups a small list of four to 15 projects follows on the next pages. LIFE projects on mitigation of Non-CO2 GHG emissions agri: livestock waste agri: other non CO2 CH4 from bogs Numer of projects industrial process EU contribution [m €] waste landfill gas other/ general 0 5 10 15 20 number / m€ Figure 14: Non CO2 greenhouse gas emissions: Budget and EU contribution. Figure 15: Non-CO2 greenhouse gas emissions: project numbers by LIFE strands The distribution is without extremes. The NAT dominance in “CH4 from bogs” and the concentration of PRE (preparatory) projects in the category “other/ general” are in line with expectations.. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 85 / 11 7.2.13.1 Non-CO2 emissions: Agriculture/livestock waste There are 15 mitigation projects on this topic (total budget: 41,2 m€;; funding: 17,2 m€). This appears to one of the largest sub-categories within LIFE climate change projects. Non-CO2 emissions: Agriculture/ livestock waste Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE03.ENV/IRL/000312 Duck slurry: Recycling of duck slurry to fertiliser 11/03-4/05 LIFE05.ENV/E/000302 Ecodiptera: Insect 12/05- treatment of pig manure to gain fertiliser 11/08 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1.601 Raphael MC EVOY si Link web (490) [email protected] site very good 1.595 Emilio SANCHIS MOLL Link web (792) emilio.sanchis@dva. site gva.es good 3.491 (565) below avera ge LIFE05.ENV/EE/000387 ECOMAN: Pig manure treatment 1/05-7/07 LIFE06.ENV/E/000044 ES-WAMAR: Collective pig slurry management and treatment 10/06-3/10 6.900 Arturo Dauden Ibanez Link -‐-‐ (2.564) [email protected] om best LIFE09.ENV/ES/000453 MANEV: Manure management 1/11-12/14 4.166 Arturo Dauden Ibanez Link -‐-‐ (2.076) [email protected] om - LIFE09.ENV/ES/000459 ECOREGA: Green cattle farming 1/11-12/12 600 Paula CONTE dtor.te Link -‐-‐ (282) cnico@unionsagrarias. org good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000214 GAS-OFF: Research drivers of GHG emissions of livestock and manure. 10/10- 12/13 1.806 Luigi STEFANINI stef Link -‐-‐ (903) [email protected] - LIFE10.ENV/IT/000321 ZeoLIFE: Zeolite adsorbs nitrate from manure 9/11-2/15 2.151 Massimo COLTORTI (1.045) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ - LIFE10.ENV/IT/000347 UNIZEO: Zeolite coated fertiliser to reduce N emission 9/11-12/14 2.440 Giorgio BOZZOLA Link -‐-‐ (1.219) gbozzola@g-m-m.com - 9/13-8/16 LIFE12.ENV/CY/000544 LIFE LIVE- WASTE: Low GHG cattle waste treatment 2.147 (1.074) Link web site - LIFE12.ENV/ES/000647 LIFE+Farms for the future: Pig manure 9/13-9/17 2.368 (1.178) Link web site - LIFE12.ENV/ES/000689 LIFE MIX_FERTILIZER: Pig manure 9/13-8/16 1.259 (617) Link web site - 7/13-6/18 LIFE12.ENV/FR/000799 LIFE Carbon Dairy: Carbon plan for French dairy sector 2.383 (1.192) Link web site - Link web site LIFE12.ENV/IT/000671 LIFE- OPTIMAL2012: Cattle waste to fertiliser 7/13-12/17 5.190 (1.920) Link -‐-‐ - LIFE12.ENV/SE/000359 LIFE SludgeisBiofuel: Sewage sludge and manure to biogas. 7/13-6/16 3.063 (1.250) Link web site below avera ge Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 86 / 11 7.2.13.2 Other non-CO2 emissions from Agriculture There are eight mitigation projects on this topic (total budget: 14,8 m€;; funding: 7,1 m€). Non-CO2 emissions: Agriculture: other non-CO2 Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1/09-12/10 LIFE07.INF/E/000852 CHANGING THE CHANGE: Climate Change information for the agro-forestry sector and the general public 534 José RODRIGUEZ BL (267) ANCO xestion@unio nsagrarias.org Link web site very good 1/10-12/13 2.675 Emilio Jesús GONZÁL (1.237) EZ SÁNCHEZ egonz alez@aeac-sv.org Link web site − LIFE08.ENV/E/000129 LIFE+AGRICARBON: Research and demonstrate conservation agriculture and precision agriculture. 9/10-12/13 LIFE09.ENV/ES/000441 ACCIÓN AGROCLIMÁTICA: Climate Change audit for farmers 1.589 Eduardo DE MIGUEL Link -‐-‐ (794) edemiguel@fundacion globalnature.org good LIFE11.ENV/IT/000302 IPNOA: Decrease N2O emissions from agriculture in Tuscany. 6/12-5/16 2.059 Sandro Mori s.mori@ Link -‐-‐ (996) westsystems.com − LIFE12.ENV/ES/000590 LIFE SEED CAPITAL: Rapeseed to bio-diesel and animal fodder to reduce CH4 emissions. 9/13-9/16 1.025 (512) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/IT/000404 LIFE+_Climate changE-R: Decrease CH4 and N2O emissions from agriculture in Tuscany. 7/13-12/16 1.854 (892) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/IT/000578 LIFE HelpSoil: Soil enhancement for better carbon sequestration and Climate Change resilience. 7/13-6/17 2.942 (1.308) Link web site − LIFE12.ENV/SE/000800 SOLMACC Life: 8/13-7/18 Climate friendly farming 2.140 (1.070) Link web site − Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 87 / 11 7.2.13.3 Non-CO2 emissions: Methane from bogs There are eight mitigation projects on this topic (total budget: 21,2 m€;; funding: 12,5 m€). There are many more bogs and mires projects in LIFE NAT. The ones below were included as they cover larger areas or many smaller ones. One notable inclusion in this list is a recently-started ENV project that will try to quantify the ecosystem service of peatlands, i.e. put values on ecological and economic effects. Non-CO2 emissions: Methane from bogs Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE04.NAT/PL/000208 PLBALTBOGS: Improve 23 of the 80 Baltic raised bogs 11/03-9/07 968 Pawel PAWLACZYK (681) [email protected] Link web site − LIFE07.NAT/D/000233 ReHa Federseemoor: Bog restauration plus archeology (1/09-3/14) 1.304 (652) -‐-‐ web site very good LIFE07.NAT/UK/000948 Anglesey and Lleyn Fens : Bogs and mires restoration (no dates) no data -‐-‐ -‐-‐ − LIFE08.NAT/B/000033 LOMME: Peatbog (no dates) restoration no data -‐-‐ web site good LIFE08.NAT/FIN/000596 Boreal Peatland 1/10-12/14 Life : Restoring 3000+ ha peatland sites 6.727 Jouni Penttinen jouni. Link web (3.363) [email protected] site very good LIFE08.NAT/S/000268 Life to ad(d)mire : 1/10-12/15 Halting emissions from 35 peatland sites 6.813 Lisa TENNING Lisa.T Link web (3.407) enning@lansstyrelsen. site se − LIFE08.NAT/UK/000202 MoorLIFE : Bogs, fens and mires 4/10-4/15 6.691 Catherine WYNN cat Link web (5.018) herine.wynn@peakdistr site ict.gov.uk excel lent LIFE12.ENV/FI/000150 LIFEPeatLandUse: Quantify ecosystem services of peatlands (no dates) no data -‐-‐ -‐-‐ Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 88 / 11 7.2.13.4 Non-CO2 emissions: Industrial processes There are eight mitigation projects on this topic (total budget: 6,5 m€;; funding: 2,2 m€). They either deal with end-of-pipe technologies to remove/recycle emissions (e.g. nitrous oxide) from an industrial plant or with integrated technologies using alternative cooling agents or construction material which a lower carbon footprint. The latter climate effect may appear indirect, but its effect often is underestimated due to the size of the material streams involved (e.g. building material and construction waste, which was the subject of the RENEW BUILDING project). Non-CO2 emissions: Industrial processes Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE94.ENV/F/000669 N2O recycling: N2O conversion plant. 4/94-12/94 500 (115) Link -‐-‐ − LIFE03.ENV/A/000002 PROCOOL: Cold appliance competition 10/03-9/06 767 (371) Link web site best LIFE04.ENV/BE/000015 BATECNOR: N2O conversion plant. 12/03-3/06 1.043 Emile DE DECKER (287) Link web site termi nate d LIFE04.ENV/HU/000372 ECOFILTER: Wash ammonia from mushroom production exhaust air. 12/03- 12/05 1.681 Arpad MUTSY (341) [email protected] Link web site good LIFE05.ENV/DK/000156 CO2REF: Transcritical CO2 refrigeration system 10/05- 10/07 556 (167) Link web site best of best LIFE05.ENV/F/000082 DIDEM: Save energy with new brick drying process. 11/05-1/09 502 (151) Link web site belo w aver age LIFE08.ENV/A/000216 RENEW BUILDING: Ecological refurbishment of buildings 1/10-12/12 684 Robert WIMMER (323) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good LIFE09.INF/DE/000012 Pro-Klima Autoklimaanlage: More eco-friendly air condition in cars. 9/10-8/13 800 Eva LAUER (400) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ very good Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 89 / 11 7.2.13.5 Non-CO2 emissions: Waste There are six mitigation projects on non-CO2 emissions from waste streams (total budget: 11,5 m€;; funding: 4,4 m€). For the waste streams it was assumed that if not treated with the projects’ methods they would be landfilled and then would contribute to landfill gas emissions. Non-CO2 emissions: Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration 10/06-3/10 LIFE06.ENV/D/000460 SLUDGE2ENERGY: Waste reduction and energy yield from sewage sludge (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 3.812 (769) Link web site very good LIFE08.ENV/H/000291 ISIM-TCC: "Industrial Symbiosis": waste of one business as raw material for another to increase resource efficiency 1/10-12/12 793 Krisztina BÁRDOS (397) [email protected] Link web site very good LIFE09.ENV/GR/000294 WASTE-C- CONTROL: Assessment software for GHG of waste streams 10/10-9/12 2.363 Nikos GARGOULAS (1.004) [email protected] Link web site very good LIFE09.ENV/GR/000307 ENERGY- WASTE: Gasification of non-recyclable waste fraction 1/11-12/13 LIFE12.ENV/IT/000611 LIFE+ - VIRGIN: 7/13-12/15 Gasification and energetic use of absorbent hygiene product (AHP) residues LIFE07.INF/UK/000950 Eco-Animation: Eco-Animation: childrens' cartoon on climate change and sustainability 1/09-3/11 good 1.923 Markellos GRIPARIS Link -‐-‐ (900) [email protected] 2.061 Marcello SOMMA (1.030) [email protected] Link web site − 541 Luigi PETITO (258) luigi@bs-europa.eu Link web site ϖερ ψ γο οδ Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 90 / 11 7.2.13.6 Non-CO2 emissions: Landfill gas There are 13 mitigation projects on this topic (total budget: 28,9 m€;; funding: 11,0 m€) Non-CO2 emissions: Landfill gas Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE97.TCY/TR/037 Collect gas from waste dump: Landfill gas recovery 2/97-1/98 LIFE98.ENV/D/000524 Waste site emission reduction: Reduce landfill gas emissions. 8/98-8/02 LIFE04.ENV/DE/000056 ZAK-process: Reduce landfill gas emissions with proper stacking of waste. 12/03- 12/06 LIFE05.ENV/DK/000141 BIOCOVER: Reduce methane emission from landfill by "bio-cover" 8/05-11/08 LIFE05.ENV/E/000319 MICROPHILOX: Microturbines for low methane landfill gas 10/05-3/09 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 591 Ozdag YALCIN (159) 3.227 (518) Link -‐-‐ − Heinz BÖKERS heinz Link web .boekers@abfallwirtsch site aft-emsland.de − Link web site very good 513 (256) Link web site belo w aver age 1.303 (582) Link web site best of best 4.335 Georg GIBIS info@z (1.345) ak-ringsheim.de LIFE05.ENV/IT/000874 GHERL: Capture 12/05-5/08 CO2 from landfills to get pure methane 217 Lidia LOMBARDI lidia Link web (108) [email protected] site LIFE08.ENV/B/000040 CLIM- WASTENER: Gaining power and heat from landfill gas 1/10-12/12 2.422 Xavier LOMBARD Xa Link web (1.211) vier.lombard@verdesis site .com LIFE08.ENV/E/000123 PARK RENOVA: Self-sufficient energy supply by landfill gas. 1/10-6/13 2.691 Antonio ORUS (570) [email protected] LIFE08.ENV/IT/000429 UPGAS- LOWCO2: Capture CO2 from landfills to get pure methane 1/10-6/12 679 Ennio CARNEVALE Link web (339) [email protected] site t LIFE09.ENV/ES/000484 DEMONSTRATION OF KDV TECH: Waste to liquid fuel (bio-diesel) by depolymerisation 10/10-9/12 LIFE10.ENV/IT/000341 RECOIL: Collect and recover waste cooking oil. − canc elled Link -‐-‐ 4.872 Fernando PEREZ (2.338) [email protected] very good very good Link -‐-‐ − 9/11-2/15 1.819 Serena DRIGO seren Link -‐-‐ (872) [email protected] − LIFE10.ENV/SE/000038 Wastetofuel: Liquified biogas from landfills 9/11-8/14 3.298 Håkan Rosqvist haka Link web (1.262) n@rosqvist-resurs.se site faile d LIFE11.ENV/UK/000402 ACUMEN: Methane from old landfills 9/12-8/15 2.935 Neil Davies neil.davie Link -‐-‐ (1.437) s@environment- agency.gov.uk excel lent Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 91 / 11 7.2.13.7 Non-CO2 emissions: Other/general There are three mitigation projects on this topic (total budget: 13,3 m€;; funding: 6,7 m€). Non-CO2 emissions: other/ general Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE05.PREP/UK/000012 LETS update: Assessment of the EU ETS phase I. 6/06-6/05 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate LIFE10.INF/UK/000189 Futurescapes: Implementation of landscape-scale conservation initiatives 9/11-12/14 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 625 (312) 8.839 Markus Amann (4.417) [email protected] Link web site very good Link -‐-‐ excel lent 3.855 Aidan LONERGAN Ai Link web (1.928) [email protected] site g.uk good 7.2.14 INF (Information and Communication) projects on mitigation There are 13 INF projects on mitigation (total budget: 177 m€;; funding: 88 m€). Ten of these projects have already been listed under “non-specific private/bottom-up change of habits” in the mitigation chapter, and thus are simply copied here (total budget: 11,2 m€;; funding: 5,6 m€). Of the other three projects, two are on air conditioning systems and one is about landscape-scale conservation initiatives (total budget: 6,5 m€;; funding:3,2 m€). Half of the INF mitigation projects also deal with adaptation (and thus appear in both lists). INF projects to change private habits Project short description Budget x1000 € Duration (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 1/09-12/10 LIFE07.INF/E/000852 CHANGING THE CHANGE: Climate Change information for the agro-forestry sector and the general public 534 José RODRIGUEZ BL (267) ANCO xestion@unio nsagrarias.org Link web site very good LIFE07.INF/FIN/000152 CCCRP: Climate 1/09-12/11 Change portal for general public 1.988 (990) Link -‐-‐ very good Link web site good LIFE07.INF/IT/000487 R.A.C.E.S.: Climate Change and energy awareness raising 1/09-4/11 1.033 Natale SEREMIA (510) [email protected] LIFE07.INF/UK/000932 RENEW: Hot water saving in households 1/09-12/11 1.942 Simon Green simon.g Link -‐-‐ (971) [email protected] very good LIFE07.INF/UK/000950 Eco-Animation: Eco-Animation: childrens' cartoon on climate change and sustainability 1/09-3/11 541 Luigi PETITO (258) luigi@bs-europa.eu Link web site very good 1/10-12/12 LIFE08.INF/GR/000589 ProSuDePe: Eduction to reduce energy, waste and fire. 1.232 (593) Link -‐-‐ canc elled LIFE08.INF/IT/000308 WATACLIC: Adapt 1/10-12/12 urban water consumption 768 Giulio CONTE giulio. Link web (384) [email protected] site Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final very good p. 92 / 11 7/13-6/16 LIFE12.INF/AT/000369 EKO-LIFE: Eco- friendly lifestyle (not only Climate Change) LIFE12.INF/IT/000465 EcoLife: Climate friendly lifestyle 10/13-9/16 LIFE12.INF/SK/000165 SMAPUDE_LIFE: 9/13-8/16 Dissemination of biomass and solar energy in Slovakian housing 776 (388) Link web site − 1.112 (554) Link web site − 1.294 (636) Link web site good Other INF projects on mitigation Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE09.INF/DE/000012 Pro-Klima Autoklimaanlage: More eco- friendly air condition in cars. 9/10-8/13 800 Eva LAUER (400) [email protected] LIFE09.INF/PL/000283 DOKLIP: Climate friendly air conditioning in cars 9/10-8/15 1.803 Wojciech SZYMALSKI Link -‐-‐ (902) w.szymalski@ine- isd.org.pl LIFE10.INF/UK/000189 Futurescapes: Implementation of landscape-scale conservation initiatives 9/11-12/14 3.855 Aidan LONERGAN Ai Link web (1.928) [email protected] site g.uk very good Link -‐-‐ − good Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 93 / 11 7.3 Crosscutting topics and projects In this chapter two groups of projects are highlighted that do not fit into the sector-specific clusters identified in the previous chapters on adaptation and mitigation. The two following groups show the additional capabilities of the database created for this study. The first one is “GHG monitoring”, one of the focus topics of the LIFE 2014 call. GHG monitoring corresponds to “measuring/monitoring” – which is a category in the set phase of the solution cycle. The second group includes “crosscutting” projects, i.e. those assigned to more than one sub-topic of climate change. 7.3.1 Crosscutting topic: greenhouse gas monitoring The sets of categories do not contain a special item “GHG monitoring”. However, “measuring/monitoring” is a separate category and includes those projects with a considerable focus on GHG monitoring. There are 17 projects (two PREP and 15 ENV) that feature aspects of GHG monitoring (this includesmonitoring by measured emissions as well as by calculated emissions). Projects on GHG monitoring Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration LIFE00.ENV/NL/000808 EQuation: Proof of LCA tools 4/01-3/03 practicability for building standards Note: Simplified LCA-methodology for mass application to quantify the actual environmental quality/ performance (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 645 (323) Link web site best Link web site good LIFE02.ENV/UK/000136 Catch: Urban transport for clean air in Liverpool Note: Implementation of an advanced pollution monitoring techniques in Liverpool city centre;; 9/02-8/05 LIFE03.ENV/IT/000343 DesAir: Local ETS Note: Emission trading scheme at a regional level 10/03- 9/05 563 Edoardo CR Link web (251) OCI edoar site do.croci@un ibocconi.it good LIFE05.ENV/GR/000235 SUSCON: IPP in construction plus software tool Note: Evaluation of the environmental performance of participating companies. 10/05- 9/08 1.111 (555) good LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate Note: Includes an EU wide network on climate and air pollution data. 2/07-1/12 LIFE06.PREP/UK/000002 TRITECH ETV: Evaluation 9/06-8/09 system for eco products Note: Creation of as standard evaluation of the performance of environmental technologies Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final 3.945 Karen BOO (1.494) TH Karen. booth@mer seytravel.go v.uk Link web site 8.839 Markus Ama Link -‐-‐ (4.417) nn amann@iias a.ac.at 1.393 Anthony DA (696) VIS info@ betatechnol ogy.co.uk Link -‐-‐ excel lent very good p. 94 / 11 Projects on GHG monitoring Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000133 SNOWCARBO: Mapping and monitoring net anthropogenic carbon Note: A combination of Earth observation information with in situ data allows to distinguish anthropogenic influences from natural background CO2. 1/09- 12/12 2.156 Jouni Pulliai Link web (1.047) nen jouni. site pulliainen@f mi.fi good LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000141 VACCIA: Assessment of Climate Change vulnerability of regions and sites via spatial data simulation. Note: Assess impacts and vulnerability by use of satellite data and derive critical thresholds. 1/09- 12/11 3.122 Martin Forsi Link -‐-‐ (1.547) us martin.f orsius@ymp aristo.fi excel lent LIFE07.ENV/IT/000388 CARBOMARK: Setting up voluntary carbon markets Note: Contains a complete tool for the implementation of local carbon markets. 1/09- 12/11 1.088 Maurizio DI (544) SSEGNA maurizio.dis segna@regi one.veneto.i t Link -‐-‐ excel lent LIFE07.ENV/IT/000451 LAKS: Local Climate Change 1/09- accounting and action plan 10/11 Note: Local GHG accounting 1.305 (652) Link web site good LIFE08.ENV/F/000485 ROMAIR: Air quality modelling 1/10-6/12 and forecast system Note: Monitoring and forecasting of emissions (traffic and others). 1.437 Jacques MO Link web (709) USSAFIR site jmoussafir@ aria.fr very good LIFE09.ENV/FI/000572 MACEB: Black Carbon monitoring and its impact on Climate Change 1/11- 12/13 1.647 (820) good LIFE09.ENV/FR/000598 CLIMATE: Regional climate action plan. Note: Carbon accounting in the County Council. 9/10- 12/13 1.568 Chrystelle T Link web (784) OUZEAU site ctouzeau@c g91.fr LIFE09.ENV/GR/000294 WASTE-C-CONTROL: Assessment software for GHG of waste streams Note: Software to monitor and report emissions of activities around solid waste. 10/10- 9/12 LIFE09.ENV/IT/000214 GAS-OFF: Research drivers of GHG emissions of livestock and manure. Note: Monitor emissions of 50 dairy farms. 10/10- 12/13 1.806 Luigi STEFA Link -‐-‐ (903) NINI stefa nini@aziend atadini.it − LIFE11.ENV/IT/000302 IPNOA: Decrease N2O emissions from agriculture in Tuscany. Note: Development of two prototypes for monitoring of N2O fluxes. 6/12-5/16 2.059 Sandro Mori Link -‐-‐ (996) s.mori@w estsystems. com − LIFE12.ENV/FI/000409 MONIMET: Mapping Climate Change effects on boreal zones by innovative combination of data sources Note: Interlinking different monitoring systems. 9/13-9/17 2.755 Ali NADIR Link web (1.367) ARSLAN a site li.nadir.arsla [email protected] − Link -‐-‐ 2.363 Nikos GAR (1.004) GOULAS ngargoulas @epem.gr Link web site − very good Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 95 / 11 7.3.2 Crosscutting projects with a broad scope This group of projects was selected by looking at how many categories were assigned to them in the database by the author. Therefore, these projects are “crosscutting” in the sense that they combine sub-topics which other projects work on separately. Therefore the projects in this group should be equipped with or have yielded overarching knowhow. From the project title alone this overarching aspect is not really visible. Thus, parts of the texts for objective and results have been added from the LIFE project database. Budget x1000 € Projects with the broadest scope Project short description Duration LIFE06.PREP/A/000006 EC4MACS: Joint simulation of air pollution and climate 2/07-1/12 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 8.839 Markus Ama Link -‐-‐ (4.417) nn amann@iias a.ac.at excel lent EC4MACS successfully joint forces of several sectoral simulation systems via harmonisation of data acquisition, formats and inter-links between the simulation systems. Thus it is now possible to calculate scenarios with unprecedented reliability in a short period of time. The project has remarkably enhanced not only the quantitative base for the development of policies in the fields of air pollution and climate, but also the way in which options, scenarios, measures and costs/benefits are being negotiated. As the data are provided by the national experts and the data base as well as the methods for calculation are absolutely transparent and widely discussed and agreed, it is hard for the involved experts and politicians to disagree with the results. This has its impact on the selection and implementation of more (cost) efficient measures in the above fields. During the European-wide review of all air legislation and measures the EU has used EC4MACS for the impact assessment of different scenarios. The impact assessment already was evaluated as the best assessment for long time. As a result the "ambition level" (the amount of technical possible measures which will become obligatory) was raised from meagre 25% (recent decades) to now 75%, as EC4MACS could prove, that this level of measures would be cost effective, i.e. would have higher benefits for the population than costs. This rise equals about 3 billion Euro per year additional expenditures into air quality improvement. LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000141 VACCIA: Assessment of Climate Change vulnerability of regions and sites via spatial data simulation. 1/09- 12/11 3.122 Martin Forsi Link -- (1.547) us martin.f orsius@ymp aristo.fi excel lent The VACCIA project studied the vulnerability of ecosystem services to Climate Change and the possibilities for different sectors of society to adapt to these changes. These studies allowed probability-based vulnerability assessments to be made. In particular, the project assessed how anticipated Climate Change would change the production of selected main ecosystem services/sectors (biodiversity, forest and agricultural production, carbon sequestration, water resources and quality, fishery production, tourism), and identified critical change thresholds. The derivation of these Climate Change scenarios and vulnerability assessments (database) was the main result of the project. The use of satellite data based GMES-services for making these assessments and adaptation studies (maps, databases) was another key result. • Contribution to the development of national environmental legislation (Environmental Impact Assessment regulation). • Contribution to the development of European policies (European Climate Change Programme 11) for Climate Change adaptation by providing tools, data and examples on climate impacts and adaptation measures. • Contribution to the development of international networks for climate/global change impacts assessment. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 96 / 11 Budget x1000 € Projects with the broadest scope Project short description Duration 9/13-9/17 LIFE12.ENV/FI/000409 MONIMET: Mapping Climate Change effects on boreal zones by innovative combination of data sources (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 2.755 Ali NADIR Link web (1.367) ARSLAN a site li.nadir.arsla [email protected] − The LIFE MONIMET project aims to fill knowledge gaps regarding carbon and water balances and their relationship to Climate Change in boreal zones including regions' vulnerability. It implements an innovative approach of in-situ monitoring and mapping of Climate Change indicators by combing different information sources describing phenology, CO2 and CH4 exchange, land cover, snow evolution and albedo. The information sources include in-situ observations and Earth Observation (EO) (satellite) data, as well as ancillary data supporting vulnerability assessments. Dedicated high-resolution regional models will be applied to describe climate and land surface fluxes of carbon and water by different ecosystems. Actions carried out to achieve these objectives shall involve: • Collecting information, data and expertise that is currently spread over several institutes, in order to build a comprehensive platform for analysing Climate Change effects on seasonal dynamics of various phenomena;; Establishing links and adding value to existing monitoring mechanisms such as ICOS and EO systems (GMES) and making use of data acquired in previous LIFE-funded - and other - projects related to ecosystem monitoring;; • Creating a new webcam monitoring system to facilitate EO systems by providing time-series of field observations for calibration and validation, and to improve the assessment of forest ecosystem services;; • Synthesising modelling and observation approaches to identify climate indicators;; and • Linking the Climate Change indicators and their effects in order to create vulnerability maps of boreal zones in connection to Climate Change scenarios. 10/12- LIFE11.ENV/IT/000119 BLUE AP: Transfer local adaptation planning to Italy. 9/15 Includes mitigation. 986 (493) Link -‐-‐ − The main goal of the BLUE AP project is to provide Bologna with a Local Adaptation Plan, to make the town more resilient in the face of Climate Change. The project will • Learn from and disseminate the best EU experiences in adaptation planning at the town level, and adjust them to fit the specific Italian situation;; • Consolidate a governance and planning model usable in the large number of Italian cities already committed (more than 1000 Covenant of Mayors signatories), but not experienced in strategic planning for climate adaptation;; • Establish an information system that is comprehensive and innovative (integrating environmental with social data) and that will produce new information about Climate Change risks and vulnerability in Bologna;; • Offer “start up” support to local stakeholders, with the aim of designing and launching some of the measures and actions defined by the Local Adaptation Plan. Expected results: • A protocol involving stakeholders’ in climate adaptation, based on 100 “Stakeholder Challenges” and 100 “Financing Challenges” surveys. An analysis report summarising stakeholders’ needs and opportunities;; • A baseline report addressing the strengths and weaknesses of the Bologna municipality in the face of the need to adapt to Climate Change;; • Preparation of the Bologna Local Urban Environment Adaptation Plan (BLUE AP);; • The political commitment by the local government to adopt and start the implementation of the BLUE AP;; • The design and start up of at least six pilot actions, as part of the initial implementation of BLUE AP. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 97 / 11 Budget x1000 € Projects with the broadest scope Project short description Duration LIFE08.ENV/E/000101 Las Rozas por el clima: Local Climate Alliance. 1/10- 12/13 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 2.441 Juan VICEN Link -‐-‐ (1.049) TE SÁNCH EZ jvicent e@lasrozas demadrid.es − The project aims to apply and evaluate methods of municipal management of Climate Change, assessing their cost-effectiveness in meeting the goals for reducing greenhouse gases (GHG). This will include both adaptation and mitigation measures. An action plan to combat Climate Change will be adopted and new regulations for protecting the atmosphere, municipal planning of green spaces, parks and public gardens will be endorsed. A set of incentives and methods to encourage the involvement of businesses and commercial sectors in combating Climate Change will also be developed. The project will calculate initial emissions at the beginning of the project in order to help assess the results achieved at the end. In this way the project hopes to provide a model for other municipalities of similar size and/or socio-economic characteristics (i.e., a growing suburb). In parallel, a strong awareness-raising campaign about Climate Change will target the general public, schools and main business sectors. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 98 / 11 Budget x1000 € Projects with the broadest scope Project short description Duration LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000145 Julia 2030: Broad set of urban Climate Change mitigation actions. 1/09- 12/12 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 2.146 Silja Huuhta Link -‐-‐ (1.073) nen silja.h uuhtanen@y tv.fi good The ‘Julia 2030’ project was set up to implement and demonstrate new (and further develop exiting) methods, procedures and tools, as part of a climate strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the Helsinki metropolitan area. The project actions would concentrate on public procurement, use of public premises, transport and waste management. Results: The ‘Julia 2030’ project developed and demonstrated opportunities to reduce CO2 emissions. It carried out extensive campaigns to promote awareness of CO2 emissions and ways to reduce them by making informed choices. • "Eco-supporters": The project promoted environmental responsibility in a wide range of workplaces through the creation of ‘eco-supporters’. Eco-support activities begin by appointing and training one or more eco-supporters. The state of environmental affairs at the workplace is then reviewed to determine any improvements that could be made. Finally, the eco supporters guide and inspire their colleagues in implementing new ecological practices. The target was greatly exceeded, with a total of 640 new eco-supporters trained. • "CO2 calculators" for several sectors were developed and tested, including public premises (calculator for monitoring the greenhouse gas emissions of 32 selected pilot premises like schools, day care centres, libraries, public swimming pools, community centres etc.). Between 2009 and 2011 GHG emissions (including those relating to work-related travelling by staff, paper and waste) of the pilot sites fell by 8%. • "Green public procurement": For this area general guidelines compiled, which include a comprehensive study of public procurement regulations and practical instructions on how to arrange competitive tendering for various purchases of goods and services. For five product groups the project developed a specific JUHILAS tool for calculating the carbon footprint. In the tendering process its footprint results are used as an evaluation criterion. • The project specified lifecycle-based GHG emission factors for 15 types of waste, which were incorporated into the Petra waste benchmarking service used by businesses and public administration, as well as into the waste flows monitoring system of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area. A new Konsta waste calculator was developed for use by households, enabling them to assess their own waste volumes and the resulting GHG emissions. A new model called Emmi was developed for forecasting municipal waste volumes. • Transport sector: The project provided a very user-friendly CO2 calculators to help residents choose the best modes of personal mobility from the point of view of Climate Change mitigation. A chocolate calculator (indicating the energy consumed when walking) was incorporated into the walking and cycling section of the Journey Planner. The Jälki carbon calculator for weekday transport paints a broader picture of climate emissions, and also provides tips on more climate friendly ways of getting around. • Within the ‘Julia 2030’ project, a regional Climate Change adaptation strategy was developed. This strategy aims at preparing the region for the consequences of and to reduce the region’s vulnerability to Climate Change. Translating efforts to reduce CO2 emissions into clear policy initiatives will require a long time. Nevertheless, cost savings can be achieved in the running of public buildings, the procurement of goods, the selection of transport modes and the handling of waste. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 99 / 11 Budget x1000 € Projects with the broadest scope Project short description Duration LIFE07.INF/E/000852 CHANGING THE CHANGE: Climate Change information for the agro- forestry sector and the general public 1/09- 12/10 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 534 José RODRI Link web (267) GUEZ BLAN site CO xestio n@unionsag rarias.org very good The main objective of the CHANGING THE CHANGE project was to provide Climate Change information to the Galician agro-forestry sector and the general public. The project also aimed to bring about a shift of attitude in farmers towards sustainable management alternatives (renewable energies and bio fuels, recycling, energy efficiency measures, organic farming, climate adapted crops etc.) The project foresaw the organisation of 41 workshops to key stakeholders, the attendance at relevant fairs, the design of awareness raising materials and articles in the press, the establishment and monitoring of a series of indicators at 2000 farms and a personalised advisory office in each of the 37 Galician counties. Results: The CHANGING THE CHANGE project completed all planned activities with great success. The workshops with around 1300 farmers were useful and generated considerable interest and the chance to increase self esteem (especially among the 500 children involved). More than 130 000 people attended two big fairs in Galicia. Technicians at the 37 agrarian offices in Galicia acted as environmental advisors (new legislation, possible environment-linked subsidies, implementation of good practices for mitigation and adaptation to Climate Change) for nearly 7000 requests for information. 2000 people took part in three surveys carried out every six months to monitor the impact and the progress of the adoption of good practices: • Increase in the use of bio fuels;; • Increase in the surface of solar panels installed;; • Decrease in the consumption of water;; • Increase of agricultural surface dedicated to agrofuels crops;; • Decrease in the use of nitrogen fertilisers/Increase in the use of organic fertilisers;; • Increase of carbon content of soils;; • Increase of forest plantations. Communication activities included the production of ‘Eco-guides’, brochures, posters, stickers, conference materials and educational materials for schools. The project received wide coverage in regional and local media. Climate Change issues are now sustainably embedded in the day-to-day activity of technicians. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 100 / 11 Budget x1000 € Projects with the broadest scope Project short description Duration LIFE12.ENV/SE/000800 SOLMACC: Climate friendly farming 8/13-7/18 (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Contact 2.140 (1.070) Link web site The SOLMACC LIFE project aims to demonstrate a set of innovative, climate-friendly (mitigation and adaptation) farm practices under experimental conditions. The project will demonstrate a set of four, innovative, climate-friendly farming practices: 1. Optimised on-farm nutrient recycling;; 2. Optimised crop rotation with legume-grass leys;; 3. Optimised tillage system;; and 4. Agroforestry. These will be implemented on 12 organic farms in Sweden, Germany and Italy. The project expects to show a reduction of around 15% in the carbon footprint of plant products and greater resilience to the consequences of Climate Change on the pilot farms. It also expects to show coherence with other sustainability objectives of the EU, such as the control of soil erosion, biodiversity conservation and enhancement, and the efficient management of natural resources, such as water. The project is still running. Expected results: • The successful implementation of an innovative set of climate-friendly farm practices on twelve organic farms in Sweden, Germany and Italy;; • A 15% reduction in GHG emissions from agricultural activities;; • An improved capacity to adapt to the negative effects of Climate Change;; • A richer debate on EU policy around Climate Change and agriculture. LIFE10.INF/UK/000189 Futurescapes: Implementation of landscape-scale conservation initiatives 9/11- 12/14 3.855 Aidan LONE Link web (1.928) RGAN Aid site an.Lonergan @rspb.org.u k good The main objective is to encourage the development and implementation of landscape-scale conservation initiatives, involving many partners, in 34 priority areas across the UK. These areas, known as ‘Futurescapes’, cover a total area of 2.18 million ha and include populations of 3.83 million people. The 34 areas have been chosen to give good geographical coverage and to reflect both their need and potential. Additional objectives are to carry out high-level advocacy work to promote the landscape-scale approach and to disseminate information about the project to relevant stakeholders throughout the EU. The key messages will be that landscape-scale conservation is important and that it can bring major benefits to local communities as well as to wildlife. The main actions will involve the employment of a team of regional officers to lead the communication work targeting potential partners and funders. Their work will help lead to the identification and delivery of conservation projects by the partnerships. They will be supported by public engagement staff to focus on communicating with the general public and schools. The project is still running. Expected results: • Establishment of active partnerships in each of the project areas. This may involve contact with 10-40 organisations within each area and agreement on 3-5 practical tasks per area, covering about 10% of the total area (c. 200 000 ha);; and • Engagement with up to 10 000 members of the public in each Futurescape. This will be supported by a communications strategy. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 101 / 11 Section C: Conclusions and recommendations Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 102 / 11 8 Conclusions and recommendations The main aim of this thematic LIFE study is to provide useful information about the solutions the LIFE programme contributes to the mitigation of and adaptation to Climate Change. This information is relevant not only to DG ENV, but also to DG CLIMA and EASME (both newly involved in the management of LIFE since 2014), to the EC’s Thematic Units, to LIFE National Contact Points and to climate change projects. The study should also strengthen the link between the Units in charge of the management of operational projects and Thematic Units dealing mainly with environmental policy. Two-step approach Already from the creation of a separate DG on Climate Action one can assume that climate change is a broad topic. This is so because the main emission source of GHG – namely the combustion of fossil fuels – is very closely related to energy generation and energy consumption. Accordingly, it is present in an extremely wide range of sectors and activities – and in turn in a mass of LIFE projects. This fact makes it necessary to approach the topic in two steps or phases: • Firstly to identify climate change-relevant projects, classify them and provide an easy way of filtering the 366 total projects in line with individual requirements;; and • Secondly to choose sub-topics of climate change and carry out a more detailed analysis (i.e. comparable to previous thematic studies). The second step – or phase II – can only be done after the first one. This study therefore concentrates on the first of these two steps and has produced a database and search tool covering the breadth of climate change LIFE projects. The discussion of individual projects and the highlighting of their results are left for the user or for further detailed studies in the future (e.g. on climate change mitigation in agriculture, industry or energy supply). This approach proves to be of high value for users who need to find answers to questions such as • Which LIFE projects have covered a certain climate change subtopic? • Has LIFE already funded projects similar to a newly-submitted proposal? • Which beneficiaries should contact each other due to similarities in their projects? For the general public, Astrale has produced a LIFE Focus brochure on LIFE and Climate change mitigation. A second publication, LIFE and Climate change adaptation, will follow in 2015. Successful completion and test of step 1: the classification and the database It was only possible to test if the work done to define the classifiers and to attribute each of the 366 projects to one or more of those classifiers would pay off towards the end of the study. Tests indicate that the classifications work as intended: as the clusters generated accurately show the contribution of LIFE to the particular sub-topics. The study (and the annexed database) gives the reader an easy and yet precise means of accessing projects of individual interest. As no such structure for the broad topic of climate change had been identified at the beginning of this process, the newly-developed classifications may be an additional benefit of this study. The text/print version displays all 366 projects in more than 50 clusters. This leaves an average of six to 10 LIFE projects per cluster, i.e. a specific sub-topic. A few larger mitigation clusters with higher numbers of projects remain: “industrial processes”, “transport/mobility“ and “housing/construction”. The further subdivision of these clusters can be done individually in the attached spreadsheet database using the filter functions provided (year, country, prototype etc.). Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 103 / 11 Impressive scope of the LIFE programme The fact that there are 366 projects with considerable links to climate change demonstrates that climate change is a major topic in the LIFE programme. The EU has contributed some 350 m€ to these projects, helping to mobilise a total budget of some 900 m€. (Exact figures are not available as the budgets for some failed projects can only be estimated and for the projects still running only proposed budgets exist.) For this study, several sets of classifications were used on the projects concerned. It turned out that for any one of the more than 50 categories a group of several projects exists dealing explicitly with this category (with “social tensions” being the one only missing - more details below). Therefore, a second conclusion is that LIFE is operating across the full scope of climate change categories. Imbalance towards mitigation In general adaptation (with a total of 59 projects) lags behind mitigation (335 projects) within LIFE. Confronted with the immediate threat of global warming a private household would probably put all its efforts in getting prepared for the change. However, the changes are beyond the planning horizon of most families. Why then is mitigation the dominant topic, when effects of mitigation not only are as distant as global warming but on top of that are beyond the control of individual efforts (private as well as national), because private inputs have to be shared globally? The author sees two reasons for this puzzle: • Most of the mitigation measures come with a short-term financial bonus (saving energy costs or getting refunds for alternative energy production), whilst in adaptation there is no short-term refund. • There is a very high level of consensus and fear concerning the direction of climate change (warmer) and the major cause (CO2). Only with such unison and settled conviction it is possible to push forward a task as large as halting global warming, without a public uproar considering the large expenditures and increasingly tighter regulations. The author notes that debate of these fundamentals is not taking place, which appears unusual for a pluralistic society. However, when taking global warming for granted, it still appears quite optimistic to focus so much on mitigation: It implies a) that humankind has the potential to keep warming below 2 °C, b) that all nations with considerable CO2 emissions will join in and c) that they will do so in time. DG CLIMA has announced it plans to put more emphasis on adaptation in LIFE 2014-2020. It appears to be a good idea to do so. However, most of the mitigation projects not only cut down emissions but also save energy – and often are profitable (especially in the industry concerned). For pure adaptation projects such a direct incentive rarely exists or is harder to calculate and communicate. This may be challenging. Bottom line: It may be high time to increase awareness and action on the adaptation side. The topic “Social: migration, social tension, jobs” caused by climate change has not been addressed by any LIFE climate change projects. For most people, the environmental consequences of climate change (water scarcity, extreme weather etc) will pale into insignificance compared to the socio- economic impacts: income loss, rising costs, migration, tension – and the potential for social unrest. It is difficult to draw a line where “environment” ends and “the social” starts. Therefore the EC bodies managing the LIFE programme should consider ways in which LIFE projects may address social topics and, at the very least, create links to those DGs concerned with social issues in order to discuss overlapping know-how, potentials and responsibilities. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 104 / 11 Should the LIFE programme set specific funding goals for topics that have been omitted so far? Derived from the experience of many years of monitoring LIFE projects and from compiling several synthesis reports on LIFE ex-post monitoring 8, the author would like to share the following points: • There are many more problems to be solved than funding by LIFE could cover. • A high benefit for the environment can only be yielded from well-run projects with sustainable results. There is no point in pushing projects on a very specific topic in exchange for a lower chance of sustainable benefits. • Ex-post evaluations have identified the key criteria for successful and sustainable ENV projects: motivated beneficiaries and highly-effective project execution. • With the new LIFE programme for the period 2014-2020 a new group of “Integrated Projects” will be able to sustain concentration on a specific topic for a longer period. Bottom line: The focus topics for the LIFE calls should be broad enough to obtain a sufficient number of high quality proposals. Concerning the topic “Social: migration, social tension, jobs” mentioned above as an example: LIFE would not be able to “create” worthwhile project proposals just by putting an emphasis on that issue. Therefore, it is suggested that in discussions with other DGs and national governments a feasible way of sharing the responsibility has to be found. This will ensure that if there are no LIFE projects on social tension, programmes managed by other DGs could develop suitable solutions. An imbalance in the distribution of projects As depicted in the charts in chapter 6.2, there is a very uneven regional distribution of LIFE projects and funding. Three quarters of the 59 adaptation projects take place in five countries. One-third of Member States have not had any adaptation projects at all. Between 2000 and 2012 the top two countries Spain and Italy accounted for 40% of all mitigation and adaptation projects, and this trend is increasing: Italy and Spain had 45% of the projects funded between 2007 and 2012 and 68% of all LIFE ENV projects (not just climate change) funded in the 2013 LIFE ENV call. It should be pointed out that LIFE is a bottom up programme and Italy and Spain also submit by far the most project applications. However, the distribution pattern indicates that there may be a potential for optimisation. In order to make sure that LIFE gets the most out of Europe’s joint environmental innovative power the EC should examine this issue. Other imbalances The fact that 90% of LIFE climate change projects have been financed under the ENV strand is not considered problematic. Rather it is an expected consequence of how objectives are distributed between the strands (see chapter 6.2 “Climate change projects in the LIFE strands, years and regions”). Projects also appear to be adequately distributed across levels of governance (local, regional etc). Concerning the distribution within the “solution cycle” the author also does not see an issue of concern. The EC may prefer a higher share of “Regulation/Standardisation” projects. However, it should be noted that LIFE ENV has a considerable focus on innovative and demonstrative projects, which usually are ahead of standardisation and regulation. Also, the majority of projects are focused on solving individual challenges. Contributing to a regulation is thus a secondary issue, unless the regulation itself puts pressure on the beneficiaries. 8 Update Report “Synthesis of Ex-Post Monitoring Missions - Undertaken January 2009 –June 2014” (July 2014], will be published under http://ec.europa.eu/environment/life/publications/lifepublications/index.htm Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 105 / 11 LIFE call 2014: Focus topic “Agriculture” The LIFE call 2014 lists as one of the focus topics: “Agriculture: implementation of low carbon farming practices with a transformational impact and analysis and development of improvements for existing climate measures under CAP”. The following findings should be taken into account for the agriculture projects: From analysing the relevant LIFE projects it appears that agriculture is related to climate change in several ways: • As a power consumer (directly via increasingly mechanised farming and indirectly via fertilisers). • As a fuel producer (biogas, liquid and solid bio fuel/ biomass). • As an emitter of highly potent GHGs like methane (mainly cattle and dairy), ammonia and nitreous oxide (fertiliser) and occasionally of methane due to de-watering of bogs and wetlands. • As a carbon sink (captured carbon for green house horticulture, soil build-up measures, afforestation, restoration of bogs to restart sequestration). Taking into account these diverse links to climate change and the large overall contribution to emissions as well as sinks the number of projects is lower than expected. Reasons for this may include the following: • The agri-sector is a user of technology and methods rather than a developer (LIFE ENV only funds innovative solutions);; • There are other funding schemes especially for the agri-sector which are many times larger than LIFE and which may fund necessary R&D work;; and • Mitigation measures often are not “revolutionary” but just require a certain market price to encourage farmers to change their crops and procedures. If the costs of energy, fertiliser and water rise and the rewards for eco-friendly farming will be competitive, there is hope that the agriculture will change and bring in a considerable contribution to the fields mentioned above where agriculture is linked with climate change. Suggested steps for further in-depth analyses Many of the more than 50 clusters, which evolved from this study, do not need further elaboration. They comprise only a handful or a dozen projects and those readers who need to find out what LIFE has done so far on that specific topic, can get further details with little effort. In order to facilitate detailed analysis of larger groups of projects (e.g. ones about “industrial processes” or “agriculture”), thematic experts within (and outside) the EC will need to formulate specific objectives and requirements and collaborate with the external monitoring team according to a set timeline. One potential area for a detailed analysis could be the “Diverse roles of agriculture within climate change”. Agriculture is a focus topic for the 2014 LIFE call and will continue to be of importance in the years to come. With 76 climate change mitigation projects focusing on industrial processes, “industry” could also be a suitable topic for an in-depth thematic study. A chance for networking This document and the annexed project database are not only of help for experts in the EC but are also a chance for those involved in climate change projects to find out who else is working on similar topics, and to get in contact with other projects. Therefore, the distribution of this study to as many as possible climate change projects is a chance for networking, which in turn would be positive for LIFE and for the environment. Climate Change Thematic Study February 2015 Final p. 106 / 11 Annex 1: Database of LIFE climate change projects (electronic file / separate file) Climate Change Thematic Report July 2014 Draft Annex 4 p. 107 / 11 Annex 2: List of all 59 adaptation projects Climate Change Thematic Report July 2014 Draft Annex 4 p. 108 / 11 Projects on adaptation There are 59 adaptation projects (total budget: 123,7 m€;; funding: 62,1 m€) All adaptation projects by LIFE strand and number Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE98.ENV/S/000482 Roof greening: Green roofs 7/98-12/02 1.394 (520) Link web site best LIFE02.ENV/E/000198 ECO-VALLE: Shading to boulevards 9/02-8/05 1.835 (601) Link web site good LIFE03.ENV/UK/000611 Response: Climate Change risk mapping and strategies for coastal zones 9/03-8/06 1.683 (841) Link web site very good LIFE06.ENV/L/000121 EFFERNERGY: Energy Efficient Building Systems 12/05- 11/08 5.610 Wim Maes Wim.Mae (1.510) [email protected] Link web site best LIFE07.ENV/E/000845 WATER CHANGE: Water resources modelling 1/09-12/11 1.238 (616) Isabel Escaler Link -‐-‐ [email protected] very good 1/09-12/11 3.122 Martin Forsius martin. Link -‐-‐ LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000141 VACCIA: Assessment of Climate Change (1.547) [email protected] vulnerability of regions and sites via spatial data simulation. excel lent LIFE07.ENV/IT/000475 TRUST: River basin management 1/09-12/11 1.838 (898) Roberto CASARIN [email protected] Link web site excel lent LIFE07.ENV/UK/000936 GRACC: Guide for green roofs 1/09-12/11 914 (455) Fergus BEESLEY Fe rgus.Beesley@ground work.org.uk Link -‐-‐ good LIFE07.ENV/FIN/000145 Julia 2030: Broad set of urban Climate Change mitigation actions. 1/09-12/12 2.146 Silja Huuhtanen silja. (1.073) [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good LIFE07.ENV/E/000824 LIFE+BOSCOS: Management plans for resilient forests 1/09-12/13 1.444 (718) Link -‐-‐ Link web site very good Paollo COLLEPARDI Link web [email protected] site good María Nieves ZUBALE Z MARCO [email protected] Link web site excel lent Link -‐-‐ Joan JOANEDA rese [email protected] LIFE07.ENV/S/000908 GreenClimeAdapt: 1/09-12/13 3.166 Per_Arne NILSSON (1.583) per- Urban rainwater retention and shading [email protected] e LIFE07.ENV/IT/000516 SUSTGREENHOUSE: Greenhouse horticulture 2/09-1/12 LIFE08.ENV/E/000114 POWER: Water and energy efficiency in agriculture 1/10-12/12 1.421 (651) LIFE08.ENV/E/000101 Las Rozas por el clima: Local Climate Alliance. 1/10-12/13 2.441 Juan VICENTE SÁNC (1.049) HEZ jvicente@lasroz asdemadrid.es LIFE08.ENV/IT/000436 ACT: Municipal strategy for local Climate Change adaptation 1/10-6/12 1.752 (876) Marco CARDINALETTI Link web marco.cardinaletti@ site comune.ancona.it good LIFE08.ENV/GR/000554 AdaptFor: Assess Climate Change impact on forests and adapt forest management 1/10-6/13 1.719 (833) Climate Change Thematic Report July 2014 Draft 921 (440) Link web site Annex 4 p. 109 / 11 All adaptation projects by LIFE strand and number Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) Project short description Duration LIFE08.ENV/LV/000451 HydroClimateStrategyRiga: Prepare for floods due to Climate Change 2/10-11/12 662 (329) 1/11-12/14 1.486 LIFE09.ENV/FI/000571 Climforisk: Compile forecast for forest changes due to (742) Climate Change web web Sco- sum site ring Contact Gvido PRINCIS gvido Link web [email protected] site excel lent Aleksi LEHTONEN al Link -‐-‐ [email protected] good LIFE09.ENV/GR/000299 SOL-BRINE: Solar-driven treatment of desalination brine 10/10-3/13 1.210 (605) Tasos VIDALIS dtpro [email protected] ov.gr Link web site very good LIFE09.ENV/ES/000450 BIOENERGY & FIRE PREV.: Optimised forest logging plans and reduction of fire risk 10/10-9/13 1.024 (512) Fernando PRADELLS MONZÓ [email protected] Link -‐-‐ good 9/10-12/13 1.589 LIFE09.ENV/ES/000441 ACCIÓN AGROCLIMÁTICA: Climate Change audit (794) for farmers Eduardo DE MIGUEL Link -‐-‐ edemiguel@fundacion globalnature.org good LIFE09.ENV/IT/000056 WIZ: Oberdan CEI o.cei@i Link -‐-‐ ngegnerietoscane.net very good 9/10-8/13 LIFE09.ENV/GR/000296 Adapt2Change: 9/10-8/14 Energy and water efficient horticulture greenhouses 1.897 (942) 2.577 Alexandros PAPACHA (1.288) TZIS [email protected] Link web site good LIFE09.ENV/FI/000573 INSULATE: Collecting experience of insulation effects 9/10-8/15 LIFE10.ENV/IT/000347 UNIZEO: Zeolite coated fertiliser to reduce N emission 9/11-12/14 2.440 Giorgio BOZZOLA Link -‐-‐ (1.219) gbozzola@g-m-m.com LIFE10.ENV/IT/000321 ZeoLIFE: Zeolite adsorbs nitrate from manure 9/11-2/15 2.151 Massimo COLTORTI (1.045) [email protected] LIFE10.ENV/CY/000723 CYPADAPT: National adaptation strategy for Cyprus. 9/11-8/14 1.359 (678) Theodoulos MESIMERI Link web S tmesimeris@enviro site nment.moa.gov.cy excel lent LIFE10.ENV/FR/000208 FO3REST: Research of ozone and climate effects on leaves. 9/11-8/14 1.322 (658) Pierre SICARD pierre Link web .sicard@acri-st.fr site LIFE10.ENV/IT/000380 AQUOR: Balancing the regional hydrology. 9/11-9/13 1.815 (693) Teresa MURARO mu Link -‐-‐ raro.teresa@provincia. vicenza.it LIFE10.ENV/ES/000458 ECOGLAUCA ÉRGON: Energy crop for arid wasteland 9/11-9/14 1.376 (635) Santiago ARÉVALO LL Link -‐-‐ ÁCER [email protected] LIFE11.ENV/GR/000975 FLIRE: Flood and forest fire risk management tool. 10/12-9/15 1.618 (808) Maria MIMIKOU mimi Link -‐-‐ [email protected] LIFE11.ENV/IT/000119 BLUE AP: Transfer Local Adaptation Planning to Italy. Includes mitigation. 10/12-9/15 986 (493) Link -‐-‐ Luciano Saporito lsap Link -‐-‐ [email protected] LIFE11.ENV/IT/000215 RESILFORMED: 6/12-6/16 Adapt of forest management to Climate Change to prevent fire etc. Climate Change Thematic Report July 2014 Draft 1.847 (923) 1.559 (779) Ulla HAVERINEN- Link -‐-‐ SHAUGHNESSY ulla .haverinen- [email protected] Annex 4 Link -‐-‐ p. 110 / 11 All adaptation projects by LIFE strand and number Budget x1000 € Project short description Duration funding) Contact web web Sco- sum site ring LIFE11.ENV/SK/001019 Hydro-climate recovery: Flood prevention 8/12-9/15 1.432 (690) Dana KRAVCÍKOVÁ [email protected] Link web site LIFE11.ENV/DK/000889 Stream of Usserød: Flood prevention 9/12-2/16 2.531 (932) Martin Ullerup Link web [email protected] site LIFE11.ENV/ES/000535 OPERATION CO2: Forests: Carbon certificates and adaptation. 9/12-8/17 3.515 Yolanda Calvo Conde Link -‐-‐ (1.753) [email protected] 2.755 Ali NADIR ARSLAN (1.367) [email protected] Link web site Link web site LIFE12.ENV/FI/000409 MONIMET: NV/ 12 Mapping Climate Change effects on boreal 9/13-9/17 zones by innovative combination of data sources (LIFE LIFE12.ENV/GR/000466 LIFE CONOPS: 7/13-12/17 2.989 Coping with invasive mosquito species (1.481) (IMS). good LIFE12.ENV/UK/001133 LIFE Housing Landscapes: Climate-proofing Social Housing Landscapes 7/13-3/16 1.616 (808) Link web site LIFE12.ENV/IT/000578 LIFE HelpSoil: Soil enhancement for better carbon sequestration and Climate Change resilience. 7/13-6/17 2.942 (1.308) Link web site LIFE12.ENV/ES/000536 LIFE MEDACC: 7/13-6/18 Evaluation system for adaptation measures. 2.549 (1.266) Link web site 7/13-7/17 LIFE12.ENV/MT/000732 LifeMedGreenRoof: Green roof adaptation to Malta 838 (414) Link web site LIFE12.ENV/SE/000800 SOLMACC Life: 8/13-7/18 Climate friendly farming 2.140 (1.070) Link web site LIFE12.ENV/UK/000542 LIFE CoaLESCe: 9/13-12/16 6.429 Local networks for adaptation (3.214) Link web site INF projects 1/09-12/10 534 LIFE07.INF/E/000852 CHANGING THE (267) CHANGE: Climate Change information for the agro-forestry sector and the general public José RODRIGUEZ BL ANCO xestion@unio nsagrarias.org Link web site very good LIFE07.INF/FIN/000152 CCCRP: Climate 1/09-12/11 1.988 (990) Change portal for general public Link -‐-‐ very good LIFE08.INF/IT/000308 WATACLIC: Adapt 1/10-12/12 768 (384) urban water consumption Giulio CONTE giulio. Link web [email protected] site very good 9/10-12/13 1.795 (873) Antonia SCARR anto Link web nia.scarr@environment site -agency.gov.uk excel lent LIFE09.INF/UK/000032 RESTORE: Flood prevention (among other aims) Climate Change Thematic Report July 2014 Draft Annex 4 p. 111 / 11 All adaptation projects by LIFE strand and number Budget x1000 € (LIFE funding) web web Sco- sum site ring Project short description Duration Contact LIFE10.INF/UK/000189 Futurescapes: Implementation of landscape-scale conservation initiatives 9/11-12/14 3.855 Aidan LONERGAN Ai Link web (1.928) [email protected] site g.uk good 7/13-6/16 LIFE12.INF/AT/000369 EKO-LIFE: Eco- friendly lifestyle (not only Climate Change) 776 (388) Link web site NAT projects LIFE99.NAT/UK/006081 Living with the Sea: Coastal change 8/99-7/03 2.234 Mark DUFFY Mark.d (1.117) uffy@english- nature.org.uk Link web site excel lent LIFE07.NAT/UK/000938 TaCTICS: Coastal habitat protection 1/09-12/12 2.010 Nick FOLKARD nick.f Link web (1.005) [email protected] site very good LIFE08.NAT/D/000013 Elbauen bei Vockerode : Rivers and Floodplains 1/08-12/18 2.185 Georg RAST (1.092) [email protected] LIFE08.NAT/UK/000202 MoorLIFE : Bogs, fens and mires 4/10-4/15 LIFE09.NAT/ES/000520 Δ-LAGOON : Coastal change 9/10-12/14 3.055 Carles IBAÑEZ carle (1.490) [email protected] LIFE12.NAT/FI/000367 LIFE Saimaa Seal: Adapting habitat to explicit Climate Change threat 8/13-7/18 Link web site 6.691 Catherine WYNN cat Link web (5.018) herine.wynn@peakdistr site ict.gov.uk excel lent Link web site 5.262 Raisa TIILIKAINEN r Link web (3.946) aisa.tiilikainen@metsa. site fi LIFE12.NAT/IT/000370 SPIN4LIFE: Little 9/13-11/16 2.630 Giovanni SALEMI gi (1.315) ovanni- relevance for Climate Change. Increase [email protected] general the resilience of N2000 habitats. Link web site TCY projects LIFE04.TCY/CRO/000029 CRO Climate Cap: Capacity building in Croatia 12/04- 10/07 529 (369) Link -‐-‐ very good LIFE05.TCY/TR/000164 CC-TR: Capacity building in Turkey 11/05- 10/07 361 (252) Link web site Climate Change Thematic Report July 2014 Draft Annex 4 p. 112 / 11 End of document Climate Change Thematic Report July 2014 Draft Annex 4 p. 113 / 11

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