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Compradores
Vendedores
Paso 1: Identificando los Servicios Ambientales & Vendedores
s Identificar los servicios ambientales y prácticas de manejo de
recursos que generaran los resultados ecológicos deseados,
preferiblemente con el más alto nivel de certeza científica
posible (vendedores potenciales).
s Confirmar la capacidad de supervisión del vendedor en cuanto
a los servicios ambientales y el manejo de recursos.
s Considerar la confianza que tienen los ecologistas / expertos
en que las prácticas de manejo de recursos darán los
resultados esperados en los servicios ambientales, incluyendo
dinámicas no anticipadas (por ejemplo, desastres naturales y
antropogénicos).
s Considerar maneras alternativas para satisfacer las necesi-
dades de conservación del servicio ambiental así como el
objetivo del vendedor al explorar un posible acuerdo de PSA.
Paso 1: Identificando los Servicios Ambientales &
Compradores
s Identificar los servicios ambientales o el manejo de recursos
sobre los cuales usted tendrá una capacidad de supervisión.
s Identificar a los beneficiarios de los servicios ambientales y
los problemas que está experimentando debido a la baja
disponibilidad de éstos (compradores potenciales).
s Considerar la confianza que tienen los ecologistas / expertos en
que las prácticas de manejo de recursos darán los resultados
esperados en los servicios ambientales, incluyendo dinámicas no
anticipadas (por ejemplo, desastres naturales y antropogénicos).
s Decidir si usted debería involucrarse de manera individual en un
acuerdo de PSA o si debe formar parte de un grupo de vendedores.
s Considerar alternativas para alcanzar las metas de conservación así como la necesidad de un comprador para adquirir el
servicio ambiental.
Compradores
Vendedores
Paso 2: Evaluando la Capacidad Institucional y Técnica
Paso 2: Evaluando la Capacidad Institucional y Técnica
s Familiarizarse con regulaciones ambientales, leyes, impues-
s Confirmar la capacidad legal para contar con la propiedad /manejo
tos o parámetros de acuerdos de PSA semejantes que
puedan aplicarse.
s Explorar servicios de apoyo a acuerdos de PSA, organizaciones, o financiamiento que estén disponibles para los
compradores de PSA.
del recurso o servicio ambiental que usted desee vender.
s Adherirse a las leyes de mercados ambientales, reglas, y
parámetros de acuerdos de PSA.
s Explorar servicios de apoyo a acuerdos de PSA, organizaciones, o financiamiento que estén disponibles para los
vendedores de PSA.
Consideraciones Clave Para Ambas Partes
Paso 3: Estructurar el Acuerdo de PSA
s Decidir qué tipo de contrato sirve mejor para el acuerdo de PSA, basado en leyes nacionales, locales y costumbres indígenas
s Acordar el mejor método de pago y entrega, inclusive el encargado de finanzas y la manera en que se distribuirán los ingresos
s Designar responsabilidades para la implementación y aplicación de los términos del acuerdo
s Diseñar planes de manejo adaptativo y planes de negocios, incluyendo los detalles del cronograma, monitoreo y re-evaluación para
entrega de bienes o servicios
s Reducir los costos de transacción, sacando provecho de programas de conservación ya existentes, agregando distintos servicios
ambientales, entre otros.
s Negociar el precio de mercado del servicio ambiental basado en las necesidades de ambas partes y opciones alternativas que
satisfacen necesidades ambientales/conservación
Compradores
Paso 4: Implementación del PSA — Verificación y Pago
sVerificar la entrega del servicio antes del pago
sDecidir si es necesario el monitoreo, certificación o
verificación por parte de un tercero
sConsiderar si es necesaria una re-evaluación durante la
vigencia del acuerdo
Vendedores
Paso 4: Implementación del PSA — Verificación y Pago
s Finalizar e implementar el plan de manejo
s Explorar los datos científicos disponibles para establecer
una línea base de referencia que permita comparar la
entrega de servicio
s Monitorear, evaluar y documentar la prestación del servicio
s Considerar si es necesaria una re-evaluación durante la
vigencia del acuerdo
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Acceso al Mercado
Ganancias Para el Participante:
¿Hasta qué punto los actores más
pobres son capaces de competir con
los grandes proveedores de servicios
ambientales?
s ¿El área de interés se traslapa con las
áreas más pobres?
s ¿Los acuerdos favorecen a los actores
grandes o pequeños?
s ¿Los costos de transacción reducen
la oportunidad de participación de
los pequeños actores?
s ¿Los propietarios tienen bajos riesgos
con este esquema?
s ¿Los actores pequeños cuentan con
las habilidades suficientes para
implementar el esquema?
s ¿La comunidad cuenta con las
habilidades organizacionales para
poder participar?
¿De qué manera se apoyará a los
actores de escasos recursos?
IMPACTO
POTENCIAL
EL IMPACTO
DEPENDERÁ DE:
Propietarios s)NGRESODEL s#ANTIDADDEPAGO(+)
costeros con 03!(+)
s#OSTODEOPORTUNIDAD(–)
tenencia de
la tierra
Propietarios s)NGRESODEL
03!(+)
con una
tenencia
insegura
s#ANTIDADDELPAGO(+)
s#OSTODEOPORTUNIDAD(–)
s(ABILIDADPARAPARTICIPAR
s(ABILIDADPARAPREVENIR
LADIVISIØNDELATIERRA
POROTROSGRUPOS
Inquilinos
s)NGRESODEL
03!(+)
s#ANTIDADDELPAGO(+)
s#OSTODEOPORTUNIDAD(–)
s$IVISIØNDEBENEFICIOS(+)
Otros
usuarios
del Servicio
s0AGOPOR
EL3!(–)
s3ERVICIOS
2EBICIDOS(+)
s#ANTIDADDELSERVICIO(–)
s#ONSECUENCIASALNO
#ONTARCONUNPROGRAMA
$E03!(+)
Ganancias de Bienestar Para el
No-Participante
¿En qué medida se verán afectados
los no-particip
pantes?
no-participantes?
IMPACTO
POTENCIAL
EL IMPACTO
DEPENDERÁ DE:
Trabajadores
s#AMBIOEN s/PORTUNIDADESLABORALES
BAJOUNESQUEMADE
LADEMANDA
03!ENCOMPARACIØN
LABORAL
CONLAOPORTUNIDAD
n
LABORALACTUALn
s/PORTUNIDADDE
EMPLEOn
Personas que
dependen de
los RN marinos
y Costeros
s#AMBIOSEN s.ATURALEZADELAS
LAHABILIDAD PRÉCTICASPROMOVIDAS
DEACCESOA
POREL03!n
n
s#ONTEXTOLOCAL
Vendedores
s#AMBIOSEN s.ATURALEZADELAS
ELSUMINISTRO ACTIVIDADESn
DEBIENES
s#ONTEXTOLOCAL
n
Otras Consideraciones Para Esquemas de PSA mas Equitativios
s ¿Se les niega acceso a grupos comunitarios específicos?
s ¿El esquema de PSA creará conflictos en la comunidad?
s ¿El esquema de PSA traerá un aumento en los precios de los productos básicos?
s ¿Se crearán nuevas oportunidades de empleo y programas de capacitación disponibles?
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