Federal Institute for Access to Public Information MEXICO

Federal Institute for Access to
Public Information
MEXICO
Juan Pablo Guerrero
May 2005
Right to Information Act in
Mexico: a preliminary
assessment of impacts and
limits (May 2005)
Contents of Presentation
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Transparency and Access to Government Information Act (RTI)
RTI Objectives & Main Characteristics
The Commission: Federal Institute for Access to Public Information (IFAI)
Commission’s Tasks & Characteristics
Mandatory Information on Internet
Transparency Obligations: Impact of publicity
Evaluation of Transparency obligations
Information requests
Requests by subject
Requesters profile
Requests by Agency
Appeals to the IFAI
Most popular Government agencies
Type of answers by agencies and departments
Appeals presented to IFAI
Success stories
Resistance
Potential Impacts & challenges
Transparency and Right to Government
Information Act (RTI)
• Civil Society Participation (Oaxaca group)
• Three initiatives (PRD, Executive, Oaxaca
Group)
• Unanimous Congressional approval (April, 2002;
law in June 2003)
• Regulates two civil rights: freedom of information
& respect to privacy rights
RTI Objectives - Mexico
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Easy, free & quick access
Transparency in Public Affairs
Enforcement of Privacy Rights
Enhance Accountability
Foster Democracy & the Rule of Law
Set rules for Archives
RTI: Main characteristics
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Government information on Internet (proactive)
Establishes classification of information
Access to & protection of personal data
Archives organization
No need for ID nor justification of requests
Universal, free & easy access
Administrative Court (enforcement & appeals)
Transparency & Disclosure mandate
Requesters can appeal to Judiciary
The Commission: Federal
Institute for Access to Public
Information (IFAI)
• Authority in the Executive Branch (Federal P.A.)
• Five Commissioners: President appointments, Senate
approval
• Tenure, Seven years appointment
• Autonomy: Decision, budget, administrative and legal
•
Rulings are final for Federal Executive Branch
IFAI’s main tasks:
1. Privacy rights enforcement
2. Enforcement of transparency obligations
3. Rule on appeals (transparency mandate)
4. Disseminate
enhance
benefits
culture
accountability
of
of
FOIA
transparency
and
&
IFAI’s Budget
2003-2005 (USD millions)
CONCEPT
SALARIES
2003
2004
2005
12.95
13.60
13.60
MATERIALES &
PROVISIONS
0.67
0.35
0.54
GENERAL SERVICES
4.10
4.25
6.75
0
0
0.16
1.90
1.25
0.80
0
0.90
1.35
19.60
19.60
21.85
TRANSFERECES
EQUIPMENT
PUBLIC WORKS
Total
IFAI’s Budget 2003-2005
160,000,000
140,000,000
120,000,000
100,000,000
2003
80,000,000
2004
2005
60,000,000
40,000,000
20,000,000
0
Servicios
personales
Materiales y
Suministros
Servicios
Generales
Transferencias
Bienes Muebles e
Inmuebles
Obras públicas
IFAI Organization
PLENO
SECRETARÍA EJECUTIVA
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE
ADMINISTRACIÓN
SECRETARÍA DE
ACUERDOS
D.G. DE VINCULACIÓN CON
ESTADOS Y MUNICIPIOS
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE
ASUNTOS JURÍDICOS
D.G. DE INFORMÁTICA
Y SISTÉMAS
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE
COMUNICACIÓN SOCIAL
D.G. DE CLASIFICACIÓN
Y DATOS PERSONALES
D.G.DE
ATENCIÓN A LA SOCIEDAD Y
RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES
D.G. DE COORDINACIÓN
Y VIGILANCIA DE LA A.P.F.
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE
ESTUDIOS E INVESTIGACIÓN
Personnel at IFAI
80
70
60
Personas
50
40
30
20
10
0
Pleno
S. Ejecutiva
S. Acuerdos
OIC
Proactive Disclosure Information on Internet
• Directory, organizational structure, tasks, services
• Salaries & benefits of public officials
• Budget, public finances
• Contracts, procurement, concessions, permits,
authorizations
• Subsidies, Citizen participation mechanisms
• Audit results
• Legal framework (regulations)
Proactive disclosure: Impact of
Publicity
TIPE OF
INFORMATION
EVALUATION
(Dic. 2003)
PUBLIC
EVALUATION
(May 2004)
PUBLIC
EVALUATION
(Feb. 2005) */
Finances
(38%)
19.6
45.7
85.1
Regulatory
(18%)
51.6
79.6
96.6
Decision making
process
(14%)
17.5
35.4
84.2
Society institutional
links
(18%)
54.3
81.9
96.4
Internal Organization
(6%)
78.2
96.6
98.6
Basic information
(6%)
65.4
95.0
98.8
General average
36.6
62.8
90.8
(weighted value)
*/ Date of evaluation is variable, it does not correspond to the same period of time to every Federal Department.
Evaluation of Proactive Disclosure by Some Federal
Departments (2003-05)
Federal Departments
First Evaluation
(Dec. 2003)
Second Public
evaluation
(May 2004)
Third Public evaluation
(Feb. 2005)*/
Housing (Infonavit)
12
30
19
Defense (SEDENA)
20
30
77
Agriculture (SAGARPA)
26
36
97
Deregulation Commission (COFEMER)
29
77
100
Intelligence Agency (CISEN)
30
31
70
Department of Justice (PGR)
31
42
100
Treasury Department (SHCP)
34
93
100
PEMEX
35
63
100
Electricity Commission (LFC)
36
50
82
CIDE
41
32
93
Arts (INBA)
44
34
85
Foreign Affairs (SRE)
67
37
100
Federal Police (PFP)
NA
37
100
*/ Date of evaluation is variable, it does not correspond to the same period of time to every Federal Department.
NA: Not available.
Note: Nowadays all results are public.
Information requests
up to March 31th. 2005
INFORMATION REQUESTS, MARCH 31th. 2005
5,000
4,768
4,537
4,500
4,177
4,007
4,000
3,735
3,500
3,216
3,000
3,217
3,070
2,891
2,865
2,500
3,061
2,940
3,531 3,561
3,859
3,128
3,118
2,255
2,027
2,000
1,500
3,389
3,699
1,464
1,000
500
0
Jun- Jul- Ago- Sep- Oct- Nov- Dic- Ene- Feb- Mar- Abr- May- Jun- Jul- Ago- Sep- Oct- Nov- Dic- Ene- Feb- Mar03
03
03 03
03
03
03
04
04 04
04
04
04
04
04 04
04
04
04
05
05
05
Requests by subject 2003-2004
SUBJECTS ON INFORMATION REQUESTS
35.0%
32.2%
30.0%
25.7%
25.0%
20.0%
18.9%
2003
17.0%
15.0%
2004
12.4%
11.3%
10.0%
8.0%
10.5%
10.2%
7.9%
7.5%
6.3%
5.5% 5.7%
4.4%
5.0%
4.3%
3.3%
AL
SO
N
R
O
TT
H
ER
D
AT
A
S
IT
D
D
G
ET
FO
’
BU
AU
PE
C
U
IT
ST
O
N
TI
TR
AC
O
N
TS
AC
BS
SU
G
O
PR
IN
TI
V
.
IE
ID
AG
BY
AT
ED
ER
’G
EN
FO
IN
IN
R
LA
SA
AN
D
IT
S
EF
N
BE
S
EN
C
S
IE
E
R
TU
C
U
ST
R
AL
N
IO
AT
IZ
AN
G
R
O
Y
0.7% 0.5%
0.0%
7.9%
Requests by subject (2003)
Information
about
Institution's
Activities,
Projects/
Programmes
16%
Information
Generated by
the Institution
23%
Personal Data
4%
Audit
1%
Budget/ Public
Finance
10%
Contracts
7%
Other 16%
Salaries &
Benefits of
Public Officials
6%
Organizational
Structure
12%
Subsidies, 5%
Requests by subject (2004)
Information
about
Institution's
Activities,
Projects/
Programmes
23%
Personal Data
9%
Budget/ Public
Finance
4%
Contracts
11%
Subsidies
5%
Information
Generated by
the Institution
33%
Salaries &
Benefits of
Public Officials
6%
Organizational
Structure
9%
Requests up to April 2005
Requests, Responses & Appeals (10/mar/2005)
CONCEPT
2003
2004
2005
TOTAL
Total of requests of information
24,097
37,732
12,447
74,276
Appeals to IFAI
636
1,430
525
2,591
Proportion appeals/ requests
2.6
3.8
4.2
3.5
INFORMATION INEXISTENCE
2003 %
2004 %
2005 %
Information inexistence
2.6
3.4
3.8
Appeals for inexistence
----
8.1
9.7
Requesters profile
March 31th, 2005
Gender
90%
80%
70.1%
65.2%
70%
61.5%
60%
50%
FEMALE
MALE
40%
38.5%
30%
34.8%
29.9%
20%
10%
0%
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Requesters profile
March 31th. 2005
AGE
22.0%
21.3%
20.0%
19.4%
19.3%
18.5%
17.3%
16.3%
14.8%
15.0%
14.2%
10.8%
10.4%
10.1%
10.0%
10.3%
9.4%
9.3%
7.6%
6.9%
6.6%
5.4%
5.1%
5.0%
4.6% 4.5%
3.7%
2.6%
2.7%
2.4% 2.4%
2.2% 2.1%
2.5%
1.9%
2.1% 2.1% 2.2% 2.1%
2.3%
1.5%
0.8%
0.5%
0.0%
<18
2003
18-19
20-24
2004
25-29
30-34
2005
35-39
40-44
EDAD
45-49
50-54
55-59
60-64
65-69
70 y más
Requesters profile
March 31th , 2005
OCCUPATION
Entrepreneur
40.0%
30.0%
22.8%
20.0%
19.9%
18%
Other
25.8%
24%
25.2%
10.0%
38%
29.0%
Academic
33.4%
0.0%
8%
9.0%
10.0%
12%
12.5%
12.4%
Media
2003
Government
2004
2005
Requests by State
March 31th. 2005
ENTITIES THAT TOGETHER HAVE MORE THAN 75% OF THE INFORMATION REQUESTS
60%
50.4%
49.6%
50%
46.4%
PORCENTAJE
40%
30%
20%
14.1%
13.0%
10.6%
10%
4.0%
3.4% 2.9%
3.1%
2.9%2.8%
2.7% 2.7% 2.6% 2.2%2.2% 3.3%
2.6%2.1%
3.0%
2.3% 2.0%
1.9% 1.0%
1.5% 1.0%
0%
Distrito
Federal
México
2003
Jalisco
Puebla
Nuevo León
2004
Chihuahua
Veracruz
Tamaulipas Baja California
2005
Appeals filed to Commission (IFAI)
March 31th. 2005
APPEALS TO THE IFAI
200
197
180
174
166
160
145
159
146
150
140
136
128
123
120
139
119
119
103
100
89
83
80
69
86
76
73
60
44
40
20
17
0
Jun03
Jul- Ago- Sep- Oct- Nov- Dic- Ene- Feb- Mar- Abr- May- Jun03
03
03
03
03
03
04
04
04
04
04
04
Jul- Ago- Sep- Oct- Nov- Dic- Ene- Feb- Mar04
04
04
04
04
04
05
05
05
Agencies with highest number of
requests (March 2005)
SEDESOL
IFAI
SAGARPA
PEMEX
SE
SAT
SER
CFE
ASA
PRESIDENCIA
Serie1
SEDENA
SS
SCT
PGR
SEGOB
SFP
SEMARNAT
SEP
IMSS
SHCP
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
Agencies with highest number of requests
(March, 2005)
The 20 Agencies with the highest number of requests
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
IMSS
4,000
4,500
4,092
HACIENDA
4.059
2,868
SEP
2,478
SEMARNAT
FUNCIÓN PÚBLICA
2,063
1,960
GOBERNACIÓN
PGR
1,906
1,859
SCT
SALUD
1,599
1,543
SEDENA
PRESIDENCIA
1,519
CFE
1,484
ASA
1,461
1,399
SRE
SAT
1,301
1,215
PEMEX
ECONOMÍA
1,196
SAGARPA
1,184
1,167
IFAI
1,074
SEDESOL
2003
2004
2005
Answers by agencies (March, 2005)
Type of answers by agencies
Not in the Law
Framework
2%
Available
To public
13%
Negative
3%
Not
competence
14%
Won’t suite to the
request
3%
Delivery Notification
2%
Notification of place &
Date of delivery
2%
Inexistence
3%
Information on
Electronic format
58%
Appeals filed to Commission IFAI (2003-2004)
Appeals decisions (1730)
Total %
Confirms denial of access
16
Rules in favor of access (partial/total)
45
Access granted before IFAI’s ruling (partial / total)
11
Ruling based on procedural factors
Total
28
100
Appeals by Commissioner presenting the case
(2003-2004)
Commissioner presenting the case
AGRV
HAAA
JOLP
JPGA
MML
TOTAL
19
19
18
26
18
100
18.5
15.5
22
24
20
100
15.5
29.5
14
20
21
100
17
19
21
23
20
100
23
25
17
15
20
100
Confirms denial of access
Rules in favor of access (partial/total)
Access granted before IFAI’s ruling
Access granted (partial/total)
Ruling based on procedural factors
Success stories I
• Savings & Loans Security Commission:
accountability in banking system
rescue
• Public Funds & Trusts (transparency vs
banking secrecy)
• Personal access to medical files
Success stories II
• Assumptions and notes on calculations
on economic projections (Treasury)
• Violators, infractions & fines for
braking
federal
regulation
(Environment, Transportation, etc.)
Success stories III
• Decision making process in Mexico –
Cuba crisis
• PEMEX-GATE: public version of law
suit files
• Files on political repression
assassinations in 1971 (genocide)
&
Success Stories IV
• Transparency in military procurement
• Public resources auditing results
• Public
version
of
administrative processes
ongoing
Resistance I
• Law-suits against FOIA (Departments,
agencies)
• Law-suits against IFAI ruling (public
servants)
• Inexistent information (archive chaos)
Resistance II
• Lack of compliance with Commission
rulings
• New legislation initiatives with
transparency exemptions (National
Defense, Housing, Budget, Navy Law, etc)
• Handicapped Local Access Laws
Impacts
• Reduces Corruption (procurement)
• Improves Governmental Efficiency (publics
servants consumption of FOIA)
• Social participation on programs & policies
• Enhances Legitimacy & Confidence in
Government