Bolivia - weforum.org - World Economic Forum

2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Bolivia
Key indicators, 2013
GDP (PPP) per capita (int’l $), 1990–2013
Population (millions) ........................................ 11.0
GDP (US$ billions) .......................................... 29.8
GDP per capita (US$) ................................... 2,700
GDP (PPP) as share (%) of world total ............ 0.07
Bolivia
15,000
Latin America and the Caribbean
12,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
0
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
Global Competitiveness Index
Rank
(out of 144)
Stage of development
Score
(1–7)
GCI 2014–2015 .................................................... 105 ..... 3.8
Transition
1–2
1
GCI 2013–2014 (out of 148) ..................................... 98 ......3.8
GCI 2012–2013 (out of 144) ................................... 104 ......3.8
GCI 2011–2012 (out of 142) ................................... 103 ......3.8
Factor
driven
Transition
2–3
2
3
Efficiency
driven
Innovation
driven
Institutions
Basic requirements (46.0%) .......................................93 ......4.2
7
Innovation
Institutions ................................................................ 90 ......3.5
Infrastructure .......................................................... 109 ......3.0
Macroeconomic environment ................................... 35 ......5.5
Health and primary education ................................. 109 ......4.9
Infrastructure
6
5
Business
sophistication
Macroeconomic
environment
4
3
2
Efficiency enhancers (45.5%) ...................................116 ......3.4
Market size
Higher education and training ................................... 97 ......3.7
Goods market efficiency ........................................ 132 ......3.6
Labor market efficiency .......................................... 127 ......3.6
Financial market development ................................ 121 ......3.3
Technological readiness .......................................... 118 ......2.8
Market size ............................................................... 84 ......3.4
Health and
primary
education
1
Higher education
and training
Technological
readiness
Financial market
development
Goods market
efficiency
Labor market efficiency
Innovation and sophistication factors (8.5%) .............94 ......3.4
Business sophistication ......................................... 103 ......3.6
Innovation ................................................................. 83 ......3.1
Bolivia
Latin America and the Caribbean
The most problematic factors for doing business
Access to financing ...........................................................20.8
Restrictive labor regulations ...............................................18.5
Foreign currency regulations ..............................................13.0
Inefficient government bureaucracy ...................................10.7
Inadequate supply of infrastructure ....................................10.3
Corruption ...........................................................................7.1
Inadequately educated workforce ........................................5.2
Poor work ethic in national labor force ................................3.7
Tax regulations ....................................................................2.9
Policy instability ...................................................................1.9
Insufficient capacity to innovate ...........................................1.7
Tax rates..............................................................................1.6
Government instability/coups ..............................................1.0
Inflation ................................................................................0.9
Crime and theft ...................................................................0.8
Poor public health ...............................................................0.1
0
Note:
5
10
15
Percent of responses
From the list of factors above, respondents were asked to select the five most problematic for doing business in their country and to rank them between
1 (most problematic) and 5. The bars in the figure show the responses weighted according to their rankings.
130 | The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015
© 2014 World Economic Forum
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2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Bolivia
The Global Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR
VALUE RANK/144
INDICATOR
1st pillar: Institutions
VALUE RANK/144
6th pillar: Goods market efficiency (cont’d.)
1.01
1.02
1.03
1.04
1.05
1.06
1.07
1.08
1.09
1.10
1.11
1.12
1.13
1.14
1.15
1.16
1.17
1.18
1.19
1.20
1.21
Property rights ....................................................... 3.5 ..........111
Intellectual property protection ............................... 3.3 ............89
Diversion of public funds ........................................ 3.5 ............55
Public trust in politicians ......................................... 3.3 ............51
Irregular payments and bribes ................................ 2.6 ..........133
Judicial independence............................................ 3.3 ............94
Favoritism in decisions of government officials ....... 3.6 ............40
Wastefulness of government spending ................... 3.3 ............62
Burden of government regulation ........................... 3.6 ............57
Efficiency of legal framework in settling disputes .... 3.7 ............66
Efficiency of legal framework in challenging regs. ... 3.4 ............67
Transparency of government policymaking............. 3.6 ..........106
Business costs of terrorism .................................... 4.0 ..........122
Business costs of crime and violence..................... 3.6 ..........108
Organized crime ..................................................... 3.7 ..........123
Reliability of police services .................................... 3.5 ..........109
Ethical behavior of firms ......................................... 3.9 ............80
Strength of auditing and reporting standards ......... 3.8 ..........123
Efficacy of corporate boards .................................. 4.1 ..........113
Protection of minority shareholders’ interests ......... 3.7 ............96
Strength of investor protection, 0–10 (best)* .......... 4.0 ..........113
2.01
2.02
2.03
2.04
2.05
2.06
2.07
2.08
2.09
Quality of overall infrastructure ............................... 3.6 ............99
Quality of roads ...................................................... 3.3 ............95
Quality of railroad infrastructure .............................. 2.5 ............70
Quality of port infrastructure ................................... 2.0 ..........141
Quality of air transport infrastructure....................... 3.2 ..........120
Available airline seat km/week, millions* ............... 75.6 ............91
Quality of electricity supply ..................................... 3.9 ............94
Mobile telephone subscriptions/100 pop.* ........... 97.7 ............98
Fixed telephone lines/100 pop.* ............................. 8.2 ............98
3.01
3.02
3.03
3.04
3.05
Government budget balance, % GDP*................... 0.1 ............19
Gross national savings, % GDP* .......................... 25.5 ............39
Inflation, annual % change* .................................... 5.7 ..........101
General government debt, % GDP* ..................... 33.1 ............45
Country credit rating, 0–100 (best)* ...................... 37.2 ............86
4.01
4.02
4.03
4.04
4.05
4.06
4.07
4.08
4.09
4.10
Malaria cases/100,000 pop.* ............................. 104.8 ............34
Business impact of malaria .................................... 3.9 ............56
Tuberculosis cases/100,000 pop.* ..................... 127.0 ..........100
Business impact of tuberculosis ............................. 3.5 ..........139
HIV prevalence, % adult pop.* ............................... 0.3 ............59
Business impact of HIV/AIDS ................................. 3.2 ..........140
Infant mortality, deaths/1,000 live births* .............. 32.8 ..........103
Life expectancy, years*......................................... 66.9 ..........108
Quality of primary education ................................... 3.0 ..........111
Primary education enrollment, net %* .................. 83.4 ..........123
5.01
5.02
5.03
5.04
5.05
5.06
5.07
5.08
Secondary education enrollment, gross %* .......... 77.3 ............96
Tertiary education enrollment, gross %*................ 37.7 ............71
Quality of the education system ............................. 3.3 ............93
Quality of math and science education .................. 3.1 ..........116
Quality of management schools ............................. 3.0 ..........131
Internet access in schools ...................................... 3.6 ............99
Availability of research and training services ........... 3.7 ............97
Extent of staff training ............................................ 3.5 ..........115
2nd pillar: Infrastructure
6.06
6.07
6.08
6.09
6.10
6.11
6.12
6.13
6.14
6.15
6.16
No. procedures to start a business* ........................ 15 ..........141
No. days to start a business* ............................... 49.0 ..........130
Agricultural policy costs.......................................... 3.6 ............87
Prevalence of trade barriers ................................... 3.7 ..........137
Trade tariffs, % duty* .............................................. 8.8 ............97
Prevalence of foreign ownership............................. 3.5 ..........121
Business impact of rules on FDI ............................. 3.6 ..........120
Burden of customs procedures .............................. 3.8 ............82
Imports as a percentage of GDP* ........................ 38.6 ............96
Degree of customer orientation .............................. 3.5 ..........130
Buyer sophistication ............................................... 3.6 ............51
7.01
7.02
7.03
7.04
7.05
7.06
7.07
7.08
7.09
7.10
Cooperation in labor-employer relations ................. 3.7 ..........120
Flexibility of wage determination ............................. 4.0 ..........124
Hiring and firing practices ....................................... 3.5 ............98
Redundancy costs, weeks of salary* ........ not possible ..........143
Effect of taxation on incentives to work .................. 3.6 ............76
Pay and productivity............................................... 3.8 ............89
Reliance on professional management ................... 3.8 ............97
Country capacity to retain talent............................. 3.8 ............48
Country capacity to attract talent ........................... 3.4 ............75
Women in labor force, ratio to men* ..................... 0.80 ............72
8.01
8.02
8.03
8.04
8.05
8.06
8.07
8.08
Availability of financial services ............................... 3.8 ..........105
Affordability of financial services ............................. 3.7 ..........105
Financing through local equity market .................... 3.3 ............76
Ease of access to loans ......................................... 3.6 ............24
Venture capital availability ....................................... 3.4 ............30
Soundness of banks .............................................. 4.0 ..........120
Regulation of securities exchanges ........................ 3.7 ............98
Legal rights index, 0–10 (best)* ................................. 1 ..........143
9.01
9.02
9.03
9.04
9.05
9.06
9.07
Availability of latest technologies ............................ 3.8 ..........128
Firm-level technology absorption ............................ 3.7 ..........130
FDI and technology transfer ................................... 3.6 ..........129
Individuals using Internet, %* ............................... 39.5 ............83
Fixed broadband Internet subscriptions/100 pop.* ... 1.3 ..........100
Int’l Internet bandwidth, kb/s per user* .................. 9.0 ..........105
Mobile broadband subscriptions/100 pop.*.......... 13.9 ............91
10.01
10.02
10.03
10.04
Domestic market size index, 1–7 (best)*................. 3.1 ............87
Foreign market size index, 1–7 (best)* .................... 4.2 ............82
GDP (PPP$ billions)* ............................................ 59.2 ............84
Exports as a percentage of GDP* ........................ 42.3 ............64
11.01
11.02
11.03
11.04
11.05
11.06
11.07
11.08
11.09
Local supplier quantity ........................................... 3.7 ..........134
Local supplier quality.............................................. 3.8 ..........111
State of cluster development.................................. 3.5 ............94
Nature of competitive advantage ............................ 3.3 ............85
Value chain breadth................................................ 3.6 ............91
Control of international distribution ......................... 3.9 ............84
Production process sophistication.......................... 3.5 ............98
Extent of marketing ................................................ 3.7 ..........107
Willingness to delegate authority ............................ 3.5 ............93
12.01
12.02
12.03
12.04
12.05
12.06
12.07
Capacity for innovation........................................... 3.5 ............92
Quality of scientific research institutions ................. 3.2 ..........101
Company spending on R&D................................... 3.5 ............41
University-industry collaboration in R&D ................. 3.5 ............72
Gov’t procurement of advanced tech products ...... 3.5 ............64
Availability of scientists and engineers .................... 3.6 ............94
PCT patents, applications/million pop.* .................. 0.1 ..........102
7th pillar: Labor market efficiency
8th pillar: Financial market development
3rd pillar: Macroeconomic environment
4th pillar: Health and primary education
5th pillar: Higher education and training
6th pillar: Goods market efficiency
6.01
6.02
6.03
6.04
6.05
Intensity of local competition .................................. 3.8 ..........139
Extent of market dominance .................................. 3.8 ............66
Effectiveness of anti-monopoly policy ..................... 3.5 ..........114
Effect of taxation on incentives to invest................. 3.6 ............77
Total tax rate, % profits* ....................................... 83.4 ..........140
9th pillar: Technological readiness
10th pillar: Market size
11th pillar: Business sophistication
12th pillar: Innovation
Notes: Values are on a 1-to-7 scale unless otherwise annotated with an asterisk (*). For further details and explanation, please refer to the section “How to Read
the Country/Economy Profiles” on page 101.
© 2014 World Economic Forum
The Global Competitiveness Report 2014–2015 | 131