PRINCIPALES CAUSAS DE MORTALIDAD EN CUBA

)DFXOWDGGH&LHQFLDV0pGLFDV³'U0LJXHO(QUtTXH]´
35,1&,3$/(6&$86$6'(0257$/,'$'(1&8%$$f2
'U-XDQ0)HUQiQGH]*RQ]iOH]
'UD*OHQGD)HUQiQGH]<FKDVR
/D]DGDGHO1RUWH,,Q~PH$YH1RUWH\6XU5SWR6DQWD&DWDOLQD&HUUR
/D+DEDQD&XED7HOpIRQRDGRUWD#LQIRPHGVOGFX 3URIHVRU$VLVWHQWHGH6DOXG3~EOLFD)DFXOWDGGH&LHQFLDV0pGLFDV³'U0LJXHO
(QUtTXH]´
5HVLGHQWH 0HGLFLQD *HQHUDO ,QWHJUDO 3ROLFOtQLFR 'RFHQWH ³$QWRQLR 0DFHR´
0XQLFLSLR&HUUR
5(680(1
6HUHDOL]DXQHVWXGLRHSLGHPLROyJLFRGHVFULSWLYRFRQHOREMHWLYRGHGHWHUPLQDU
HO FRPSRUWDPLHQWR GH ODV SULQFLSDOHV FDXVDV GH PRUWDOLGDG JHQHUDO HQ &XED
GXUDQWHHODxR\VHFRPSDUDQORVUHVXOWDGRVFRQORVDxRV\
6HKL]RXQDGHVFULSFLyQGHOWRWDOGHIDOOHFLGRVSRURUGHQGHFUHFLHQWHGH
ODV SULPHUDV FDXVDV GH PXHUWH \ VH FDOFXODURQ ODV WDVDV GH PRUWDOLGDG
JHQHUDO SRU FDGD PLO KDELWDQWHV DVt FRPR ODV WDVDV GH FDGD FDXVD
HVSHFtILFD VHJ~Q ORV JUXSRV GH HGDGHV \ VH[R PiV DIHFWDGRV 7DPELpQ VH
FDOFXOyODUD]yQSRUVH[RPDVFXOLQRIHPHQLQRSDUDFRQRFHUHOVH[RTXHDSRUWy
HOPD\RUULHVJRGHPRULUHQFDGDXQDGHODVFDXVDVGHPXHUWHDQDOL]DGDV/D
IXHQWH GH LQIRUPDFLyQ GH HVWH WUDEDMRIXHREWHQLGDGHO$QXDULR(VWDGtVWLFRGH
6DOXGGHO+XERXQSUHGRPLQLRGHODPRUWDOLGDGPDVFXOLQDHQGHODV
SULPHUDV FDXVDV GH PXHUWH H[FHSWR HQ OD (QIHUPHGDG &HUHEURYDVFXODU TXH
DSRUWyXQDUD]yQGHWDVDVSRUVH[RGH\OHVLJXLyOD'LDEHWHV0HOOLWXVFRQ
HV GHFLU ODV WDVDV GH PRUWDOLGDG IHPHQLQDV HQ HVWDV HQWLGDGHV IXHURQ
VXSHULRUHVDODVPDVFXOLQDV
/RVWXPRUHVPDOLJQRVODLQIOXHQ]D\QHXPRQtDIXHURQODV~QLFDVHQWLGDGHVTXH
LQFUHPHQWDURQ HO Q~PHUR GH IDOOHFLGRV HQ UHODFLyQ FRQ HO DxR DQWHULRU 'HEH
PRV VHxDODU TXH HQ OD PD\RUtD GH HVWDV FDXVDV GH PXHUWH ODV WDVDV VH
LQFUHPHQWDURQHQODVHGDGHVPiVDYDQ]DGDVGHODYLGD
3DODEUDVFODYH0RUWDOLGDGJHQHUDOWDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGJHQHUDOWDVDGH
PRUWDOLGDGHVSHFtILFDSRUFDXVDULHVJRGHPRULU
,1752'8&&,21
&RPR UHVXOWDGR GHO GHVDUUROOR DOFDQ]DGR HQ HO FRQWURO \ OD SUHYHQFLyQ GH ODV
HQIHUPHGDGHVLQIHFFLRVDVVHKDSURGXFLGRXQFDPELRHQODVLWXDFLyQGHVDOXG
GHPXFKRVSDtVHVGRQGHpVWDVKDQGHMDGRGHFRQVWLWXLUXQSUREOHPDVDQLWDULR
(VWDSUREOHPiWLFDXQLGDDODVWUDQVIRUPDFLRQHVREVHUYDGDVHQODHVWUXFWXUD\
FRPSRVLFLyQ GH ODV SREODFLRQHV GDGDV SRU XQ DXPHQWR GH OD HVSHUDQ]D GH
YLGD \ XQ LQFUHPHQWR SURSRUFLRQDO GH SHUVRQDV GH OD TXLQWD VH[WD \ VpSWLPD
GpFDGDV GH OD YLGD DVt FRPR ORV ORJURV IDYRUDEOHV HQ ORV DVSHFWRV VRFLDOHV
KDQ WUDtGR FRPR FRQVHFXHQFLD HQ ORV SDtVHV GH PD\RU GHVDUUROOR VRFLR
HFRQyPLFR HO VXUJLPLHQWR GH XQ QXHYR FXDGUR HSLGHPLROyJLFR TXH GRPLQDOD
VLWXDFLyQ VDQLWDULD HQ HVDV QDFLRQHV ODV FXDOHV HVWiQ VLHQGR DIHFWDGDV SRU
HQIHUPHGDGHV FUyQLFDV QR WUDQVPLVLEOHV (&17 FRPR HO FiQFHU ODV DIHF
FLRQHV FRURQDULDV \ FHUHEUR YDVFXODUHV OD KLSHUWHQVLyQ DUWHULDO +7$ OD
'LDEHWHV0HOOLWXVODFLUURVLVKHSiWLFD\RWUDVKHSDWRSDWtDVFUyQLFDVHWFpWHUD
/D DSOLFDFLyQ GHO PpWRGR HSLGHPLROyJLFR DO HVWXGLR GH HVWDV GROHQFLDV KD
SHUPLWLGR FRPSUHQGHU DOJXQRV PHFDQLVPRV TXH SDUWLFLSDQ HQ OD DSOLFDFLyQ \
GHVDUUROORGHPXFKDVGHHVWDVHQIHUPHGDGHV\SRUWDQWRKDQVXJHULGRPHGL
GDVSDUDLQWHUYHQLUHQHOWUDWDPLHQWR\FRQWUROGHHOODV
+R\ HVWiQ ELHQ LGHQWLILFDGRV ORV IDFWRUHV GH ULHVJR TXH VH DVRFLDQ FRQ OD
PRUELPRUWDOLGDG GH ODV SULQFLSDOHV FDXVDV GH PXHUWH HQ &XED (OODV VRQ HO
KiELWR GH IXPDU OD REHVLGDG HO VHGHQWDULVPR HO FRQVXPR GH DOFRKRO \ RWUDV
TXHVHUHODFLRQDQFRQODV(&17\RWURVGDxRVDODVDOXG
([LVWHQ HOHPHQWRV FLHQWtILFRV TXH GHPXHVWUDQ TXH HV SRVLEOH SURORQJDU OD
HVSHUDQ]DGHYLGDGHQXHVWUDSREODFLyQGLH]DxRVPiVVLVRPRVFDSDFHVGH
PRGLILFDU ORV PDORV KiELWRV DOLPHQWDULRV HO KiELWR GH IXPDU \ OD YLGD VHGHQ
WDULD
$OJXQRVGHHVWRV IDFWRUHV\DKDQVLGRFRQWHPSODGRVHQHO3URJUDPD1DFLRQDO
GH3URPRFLyQGH6DOXGHOTXHPHGLDQWHODHGXFDFLyQPDVLYDDODSREODFLyQ\
HO HVWDEOHFLPLHQWR GH PHGLGDV HQFDPLQDGDV D FUHDU XQ HVWLOR GH YLGD PiV
VDQRKDSURPRYLGRODQHFHVLGDGGHHIHFWXDUHMHUFLFLRVItVLFRV\OXFKDUFRQWUDHO
H[FHVRGHSHVR\HOPDOKiELWRGHIXPDU
&RQHOWUDEDMRLQWHJUDGRGHWRGRQXHVWURVLVWHPDGHVDOXG\ODLQFRUSRUDFLyQD
pVWH GHO PpGLFR \ HQIHUPHUD GH OD IDPLOLD \D VH KDQ REWHQLGR LPSRUWDQWHV
UHGXFFLRQHVHQODPRUELPRUWDOLGDGSRUHVWDVHQIHUPHGDGHV
1RVSURSRQHPRVFRQHVWHHVWXGLRGHILQLUORVVLJXLHQWHVREMHWLYRV
'HVFULELUHO FRPSRUWDPLHQWR GH ODV SULQFLSDOHV FDXVDV GH PXHUWH GH WRGDV
ODVHGDGHVHQ&XEDHQORVDxRV\
'HVFULELUODPRUWDOLGDGHVSHFtILFDGHFDGDXQDGHODVGLH]SULPHUDVFDXVDV
GHPXHUWHHQ&XED
'HVFULELUODPRUWDOLGDGSRUVH[R\SRUJUXSRGHHGDGHV
&RPSDUDUORVUHVXOWDGRVREWHQLGRVHQORVDxRV\
0$7(5,$/<0(72'26
3DUD OD UHDOL]DFLyQ GH HVWH WUDEDMR VH DJUXSDURQ ODV SULPHUDV FDXVDV GH
PXHUWHRFXUULGDVDQLYHOQDFLRQDOGHIRUPDGHFUHFLHQWH\HORUGHQGHpVWDVVH
KL]RHQIXQFLyQDORRFXUULGRHO~OWLPRDxRDQDOL]DGR$xR
$OKDFHUODGHVFULSFLyQGHFDGDXQDGHODVFDXVDVGHPXHUWHVHWXYRHQFXHQWD
HO WRWDO GH IDOOHFLGRV \ VH FDOFXOy OD WDVD GH PRUWDOLGDG SRU FDGD KDELWDQWHV /RV GDWRV GH SREODFLyQ VH WRPDURQ GHO $QXDULR (VWDGtVWLFR GH
6DOXGGHO
6H FDOFXODURQ ODV WDVDV GH PRUWDOLGDG HVSHFtILFDV SRU VH[R \ SRU JUXSRV
HWiUHRV DVt FRPR OD UD]yQ GH WDVDV SRU VH[R 0DVFXOLQR)HPHQLQR FRQ HO
REMHWLYRGHGHWHUPLQDUFXiOGHHVWDVWDVDVDSRUWyHOPD\RUULHVJRGHPRULUGH
HVWDIRUPDVHKLFLHURQFRPSDUDFLRQHVHQWUHFDGDXQDGHODVFDXVDVGHPXHUWH
7RGD OD LQIRUPDFLyQ VH SURFHVyPHGLDQWHPpWRGRV HVWDGtVWLFRV GHVFULSWLYRV \
VH SUHVHQWy XQD WDEOD UHVXPHQ HQ OD TXH VH UHIOHMy HO WRWDO GH IDOOHFLGRV SRU
FDGDXQDGHODVGLH]SULPHUDVFDXVDVGHPXHUWHHQORVDxRVDQDOL]DGRV
'(),1,&,21
/DVHQIHUPHGDGHVFUyQLFDVQRWUD1VPLVLEOHV(&17VRQDTXHOODVTXHXQDYH]
GLDJQRVWLFDGDV VH SDGHFHQ GXUDQWH PXFKRV DxRV OOHYDQ D OD PXHUWH HQ XQ
SOD]RPiVRPHQRVODUJRQHFHVLWDQXQFRQWUROPpGLFRSHULyGLFR\WUDWDPLHQWR
GXUDQWHWRGDODYLGD(VWDVDIHFFLRQHVVHFDUDFWHUL]DQSRUVHUGHVFRQRFLGDVX
FDXVDH[DFWD\WLHQHQXQRULJHQPXOWLIXQFLRQDOHVGHFLUVHGHVDUUROODQDSDUWLU
GHODLQWHUDFFLyQGHYDULRVIDFWRUHVFDXVDOHV(VWRVIDFWRUHVTXHIDYRUHFHQVX
DSDULFLyQ \ GHVDUUROOR VRQ ORV GHQRPLQDGRV IDFWRUHV GH ULHVJR )5 \ VH
FRQVLGHUDQSRUWDQWRORVDJHQWHVFDXVDOHV
35,1&,3$/(6&$86$6'(08(57('(72'$6/$6('$'(6
&8%$$f26<
&$86$6
78025(60$/,*126
(1)(50('$'(6'(/&25$=21
(1)&(5(%529$6&8/$5(6
,1)/8(1=$<1(8021,$
$&&,'(17(6
(1) $57(5,$6 $57(5,2/$6 < 9$626
&$3,/$5(6
68,&,',2</(6,21(6$872,1)/,*,'$6
',$%(7(60(//,786
&,5526,6 +(3$7,&$ < 275$6 (1) '(/
+,*$'2
+20,&,',26
)XHQWH0,16$3$QXDULR(VWDGtVWLFRGH6DOXG
(1)(50('$'(6'(/&25$=21
&RQVWLWX\HQ OD SULPHUD FDXVD GH PXHUWH HQ &XED (VWDV DIHFFLRQHV VH
FODVLILFDQHQLVTXpPLFDV\QRLVTXpPLFDV(OLQFUHPHQWRGHODPRUWDOLGDGHVD
H[SHQVDVGHODVSULPHUDVIXQGDPHQWDOPHQWHSRUHOLQIDUWRGHOPLRFDUGLRTXH
XQLGRDODPXHUWHV~ELWDDJUXSDQGHODVGHIXQFLRQHVSRUHQIHUPHGDGHV
FDUGLRYDVFXODUHV (Q HO VH SURGXMHURQ IDOOHFLPLHQWRV SRU HQIHU
PHGDGHVGHOFRUD]yQSDUDXQDWDVDGH[KDELWDQWHV(QUHODFLyQ
FRQ HO DxR DQWHULRU OD WDVD GLVPLQX\H GLVFUHWDPHQWH $O DQDOL]DU ODV WDVDV
WLSLILFDGDVVHREVHUYDTXHHODXPHQWRVHGHEHSULQFLSDOPHQWHDOHQYHMHFLPLHQWR
GHQXHVWUDSREODFLyQ
&RQVWLWX\HQOD WD FDXVD GH PXHUWH SDUD HO JUXSR GH ± DxRV GH HGDG OD
UDFDXVDSDUDHOJUXSRGH±DxRVODGDSDUDHOGH±DxRV\OD
UDFDXVDDSDUWLUGHORVDxRV\PiV
/D PRUWDOLGDG HV VXSHULRU HQ HO VH[R PDVFXOLQR TXH HQ HO IHPHQLQR FRQ XQD
UD]yQGHWDVDVGHHQHO
/DHQIHUPHGDGLVTXpPLFDGHOFRUD]yQDSRUWDODPD\RUPRUWDOLGDGHQHO
ODWDVDIXHGH[ KDELWDQWHVLQIHULRUDTXHIXHGH[
KDELWDQWHV
(Q FXDQWR D ORV IDOOHFLPLHQWRV SRU KLSHUWHQVLyQ DUWHULDO OD WDVD GH PRUWDOLGDG
IXH GH [ VXSHULRU D OD GH TXH IXH GH [ KDELWDQWHV ODV WDVDV IXHURQ VLPLODUHV HQ DPERV VH[RV DXQTXH FRQ GLVFUHWR
SUHGRPLQLRGHOPDVFXOLQR
78025(60$/,*126
2FXSDQHOGROXJDUHQWUHODVSULPHUDVFDXVDVGHPXHUWHGHVGHKDFHPiV
GHWUHVGpFDGDV
(QHOVHSURGXMHURQGHIXQFLRQHVSDUDXQDWDVDGH[
KDELWDQWHV GLVFUHWDPHQWH LQIHULRU D OD GH TXH IXH GH [ KDELWDQWHV
/DWHQGHQFLDGHODPRUWDOLGDGSRUHVWDFDXVDHVDVFHQGHQWH&RQVWLWX\HODWHU
FHUDFDXVDGHPXHUWHHQHOJUXSRGHDDxRVFRQXQDWDVDGH[
KDELWDQWHVODGDFDXVDHQHOJUXSRGH±DxRV[KDELWDQWHV
ODSULPHUDHQODVHGDGHVGH±DxRVDVtFRPRHQHOJUXSRGH±DxRV
\[KDELWDQWHVUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH\ODGDDSDUWLUGHORV
DxRV[KDELWDQWHV&RPRVHDSUHFLDHOULHVJRDXPHQWDFRQ
ODHGDG
(O VH[R PDVFXOLQR WLHQH XQD PRUWDOLGDG YHFHV PD\RU TXH HO IHPHQLQR
UD]yQTXHVHPDQWLHQHHQORV~OWLPRVDxRV
/DV ORFDOL]DFLRQHV TXH PD\RU PRUWDOLGDG DSRUWDQ VRQ WUiTXHD EURQTXLRV \
SXOPyQ [ KDELWDQWHV SUyVWDWD [ KDELWDQWHV \
PDPD[KDELWDQWHVODVFXDOHVPXHVWUDQXQFXUVRDVFHQGHQWH
2FXSDQHVWDVHQIHUPHGDGHVHOHUOXJDUHQHOLQGLFDGRUDxRVGHYLGDSRWHQ
FLDOPHQWHSHUGLGRVSRU KDELWDQWHVGH± DxRV FRQDxRVSRU
KDELWDQWHVGHHVDVHGDGHVOHVLJXHQHQRUGHQGHFUHFLHQWHODVHQIHUPHGDGHV
GHOFRUD]yQFRQDxRVSRUKDELWDQWHV\ORVDFFLGHQWHVFRQ[
KDELWDQWHV
(1)(50('$'(6&(5(%529$6&8/$5(6
&RQVWLWX\HQODUDFDXVDGHPXHUWHHQ&XED
(QHOVHQRWLILFDURQGHIXQFLRQHVSRUHVWDFDXVDSDUDXQDWDVDGH
[ KDELWDQWHV LQIHULRU D OD GH TXH IXH GH [ KDELWDQWHV
+D\XQLQFUHPHQWRGHXQDxRDORWUR
2FXSDQODUDFDXVDGHPXHUWHDSDUWLUGHORVDxRVGHHGDG FRQXQDWDVD
GH[KDELWDQWHV(QHOJUXSRGHDxRV\PiVODWDVDVHHOHYDD
[KDELWDQWHV
(QWUH ODV SULPHUDV FDXVDV GH PXHUWH HVWD HQIHUPHGDG \ OD 'LDEHWHV 0H
OOLWXV VRQ ODV ~QLFDV HQ ODV TXH H[LVWH PD\RU ULHVJR GH PRULU HQ HO VH[R
IHPHQLQR(QHOUHVWRHOPD\RUULHVJRVHFRUUHVSRQGHDOVH[RPDVFXOLQR
/D WDVD GH PRUWDOLGDG IHPHQLQD [ KDELWDQWHV HV VXSHULRU D OD
UHSRUWDGDHQHOVH[RPDVFXOLQR[KDELWDQWHV
,1)/8(1=$ <1(8021,$
2FXSDQODWDFDXVDGHPXHUWH6HQRWLILFDQGHIXQFLRQHVHQHOSDUD
XQDWDVDGH[KDELWDQWHVVXSHULRUDODGHTXHIXHGH[
KDELWDQWHV
(VWHJUXSRGHHQIHUPHGDGHVDVtFRPRORVWXPRUHVPDOLJQRVIXHURQODV~QLFDV
HQWUH ODV SULPHUDV FDXVDV GH PXHUWH TXH LQFUHPHQWDURQ HO Q~PHUR GH
IDOOHFLGRVHQFRPSDUDFLyQFRQHODxRDQWHULRU
/DVWDVDVGHPRUWDOLGDGPiVHOHYDGDVVHQRWLILFDURQHQHOJUXSRGHDxRV\
PiV[KDELWDQWHV\OHVLJXHHOJUXSRGH±DxRVFRQ[
KDELWDQWHV
/DHGDGDYDQ]DGD\HOVH[RPDVFXOLQRVRQORVIDFWRUHVGHULHVJRPiVLPSRU
WDQWHV TXH VH DVRFLDQ FRQ HO LQFUHPHQWR GH OD PRUWDOLGDG SRU HVWDV HQIHU
PHGDGHV
/DWDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGPDVFXOLQD[KDELWDQWHVIXHVXSHULRUDOD
WDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGIHPHQLQD[KDELWDQWHV
$&&,'(17(6
'HVGH RFXSDQ OD WD FDXVD GH PXHUWH (Q HO IDOOHFLHURQ SHUVRQDVSDUDXQDWDVDGH[KDELWDQWHVLQIHULRUDODGHTXH
IXHGH[KDELWDQWHV
&RQVWLWX\HQODUDFDXVDGHPXHUWHHQODVHGDGHVGH±DxRVODGDFDXVD
GHPXHUWHHQHOJUXSRGH±DxRVODWDFDXVDGHPXHUWHHQHOJUXSRGH
±DxRV\ODWDFDXVDGHPXHUWHHQORVPHQRUHVGHDxR
/DVWDVDVGHPRUWDOLGDGVHLQFUHPHQWDQFRQODHGDGGHORVIDOOHFLGRVDOFDQ]D
ODWDVDPiVHOHYDGDHOJUXSRGH±DxRV[ KDELWDQWHV\OH
VLJXHHOJUXSRGH±DxRV[KDELWDQWHV
(OVH[RPDVFXOLQRWLHQHXQULHVJRGHPRULUSRUDFFLGHQWHVYHFHVPD\RUTXH
HOVH[RIHPHQLQR
/DV PD\RUHV WDVDV GH PRUWDOLGDG VH QRWLILFDURQ HQ ODV FDtGDV DFFLGHQWDOHV
[KDELWDQWHVDFFLGHQWHVSRUYHKtFXORVGHPRWRU[
KDELWDQWHV\VXPHUVLyQDFFLGHQWDO[KDELWDQWHV
(1)(50('$'(6 '( $57(5,$6 $57(5,2/$6 < 9$626 &$3,/$5(6
2FXSDQ OD WD FDXVD GH PXHUWH HQ &XED \ OD WD FDXVD HQ HO JUXSR GH DxRV\PiVFRQXQDWDVDSDUDHVDVHGDGHVGH[KDELWDQWHV
6HUHSRUWDURQGHIXQFLRQHVSRUHVWDFDXVDHQHOSDUDXQDWDVDGH
[ KDELWDQWHV LQIHULRU D OD GH TXH IXH GH [ KDELWDQWHV
/DWDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGPDVFXOLQD[KDELWDQWHVHVVXSHULRUDOD
IHPHQLQD[KDELWDQWHV
/RV SULQFLSDOHV IDFWRUHV GH ULHVJR GH DGTXLULU HVWDV HQIHUPHGDGHV VRQ OD
REHVLGDG\ODHGDGDYDQ]DGD
68,&,',2</(6,21(6$872,1)/,*,'$6
2FXSDODPDFDXVDGHPXHUWHSDUDWRGDVODVHGDGHV2FXUULHURQGH
IXQFLRQHV SRU HVWD FDXVD HQ HO FRQ XQD WDVD GH [ KDEL
WDQWHV
&RQVWLWX\HODWDFDXVDGHPXHUWHHQHOJUXSRGH±DxRVGHHGDG(QHO
UHVWRGHODVHGDGHVQRVHHQFXHQWUDHQWUHODVSULPHUDVFDXVDVGHPXHUWH
(OVH[RPDVFXOLQRHVWiPiVDIHFWDGRSRUHOVXLFLGLRTXHHOIHPHQLQRHVGHFLU
WLHQH PD\RU ULHVJR GH PRULU TXH HO IHPHQLQR VLHQGR OD WDVD GH PRUWDOLGDG
PDVFXOLQD GH [ KDELWDQWHV \ OD IHPHQLQD GH [ KDELWDQWHV
(QFXDQWRDOLQVWLQWRVXLFLGDKD\PD\RUPRUELOLGDGHQHOVH[RIHPHQLQR
',$%(7(60(//,786
6HXELFDHQODYDFDXVDGHPRUWDOLGDGJHQHUDO(QHORFXUULHURQ
GHIXQFLRQHVSRUHVWDFDXVDPHQRVTXHHQ/DWDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGIXH
GH[KDELWDQWHVLQIHULRUDODGH
$FWXDOPHQWH HVWD HQIHUPHGDG QR DSDUHFH HQWUH ODV SULPHUDV FDXVDV GH
PXHUWHHQQLQJXQRGHORVJUXSRVHVWXGLDGRV
(Q FXDQWR DO VH[R HO IHPHQLQR WLHQH YHFHV PD\RU ULHVJR GH PRULU TXH HO
PDVFXOLQRVLHQGRODWDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGIHPHQLQDGH[KDELWDQWHV
\ODPDVFXOLQDGH[KDELWDQWHV
(O ULHVJR GH PRULU SRU HVWD HQIHUPHGDG SUHVHQWy XQ LQFUHPHQWR HQ D
SDUWLUGHOFXDOFRPLHQ]DDGHVFHQGHU\UHGXFHODWDVDGHD[
KDELWDQWHVHQHO
(O LQFUHPHQWR GH ORV ULHVJRV GH PRUWDOLGDG VH DFHQW~D HQ ODV HGDGHV PiV
DYDQ]DGDV\HVSHFtILFDPHQWHHQWUHORV\ORVDxRVGHHGDG
&,5526,6+(3$7,&$<275$6(1)(50('$'(6&521,&$6'(/
+,*$'2
(QFRQMXQWRRFXSDQODQRYHQDFDXVDGHPXHUWH/DWDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGSDUDHO
IXH GH [ KDELWDQWHV +XER GHIXQFLRQHV PHQRV TXH HQ
1RDSDUHFHHQWUHODVFLQFRSULPHUDVFDXVDVGHPXHUWHSRUJUXSRVGHHGDGHV
(OVH[RPDVFXOLQRWLHQHYHFHVPD\RUULHVJRGHPRULUTXHHOIHPHQLQRVLHQGR
ODWDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGPDVFXOLQDGH[KDELWDQWHV\ODIHPHQLQDHV
GH[KDELWDQWHV
+20,&,',26
/RVKRPLFLGLRVRFXSDQHO~OWLPROXJDUHQWUHODVSULPHUDVFDXVDVGHPXHUWH
$SDUWLUGHODGpFDGDGHORFXUUHXQLQFUHPHQWRFRPRFDXVDGHPXHUWHHQ
&XED$SDUHFHFRPRODGpFLPDFDXVDHQ\
(Q HO VH SURGXMHURQ GHIXQFLRQHV SDUD XQD WDVD GH [ KDELWDQWHV GLVFUHWDPHQWH LQIHULRU D OD GH TXH IXH GH [ KDELWDQWHVIDOOHFLPLHQWRV
(O VH[R PDVFXOLQR WLHQH XQD PRUWDOLGDG YHFHV PD\RU TXH HO IHPHQLQR
VLWXDFLyQ TXHVHKDPDQWHQLGRHQORV~OWLPRVDxRV
/DWDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGPDVFXOLQDIXHGH[KDELWDQWHV\ODIHPHQLQD
GH[KDELWDQWHV
/DWDVDGHPRUWDOLGDGPiVHOHYDGDVHUHSRUWDHQHOJUXSRGH±DxRVFRQ
[KDELWDQWHV\OHVLJXHHOJUXSRGH±DxRVFRQ[
KDELWDQWHV
1RDSDUHFHHQWUHODVSULPHUDVFDXVDVGHPXHUWHHQHOUHVWRGHORVJUXSRVGH
HGDGHV
&21&/86,21(6
/DVHQIHUPHGDGHVGHOFRUD]yQORVWXPRUHVPDOLJQRV\ODVHQIHUPHGDGHV
FHUHEURYDVFXODUHVFRQVWLWX\HQODVWUHVSULPHUDVFDXVDVGHPRUWDOLGDGHQ
&XEDGHVGHKDFHYDULRVDxRV
/RVWXPRUHVPDOLJQRVODLQIOXHQ]D\QHXPRQtDLQFUHPHQWDURQHOQ~PHUR
GHIDOOHFLGRVHQUHODFLyQFRQHODxRDQWHULRU
&RQWLQ~D SUHGRPLQDQGR OD VREUHPRUWDOLGDG PDVFXOLQD HQ RFKR GH ODV SULPHUDV FDXVDV GH PXHUWH GH WRGDV ODV HGDGHV H[FHSWR HQ OD HQIHUPHGDG
FHUHEURYDVFXODU \ OD 'LDEHWHV 0HOOLWXV HQWLGDGHV HQ ODV TXH SUHGRPLQD OD
PRUWDOLGDGIHPHQLQD
(QODPD\RUtDGHODVGLH]SULPHUDVFDXVDVGHPXHUWHHQ&XEDHOULHVJRGH
PRULUVHLQFUHPHQWDQRWDEOHPHQWHFRQODHGDG6HUHSRUWDQODVPiVDOWDVWDVDV
GHPRUWDOLGDGHQORVJUXSRVGHHGDGHVPiVDYDQ]DGDV
%,%/,2*5$)Ë$
$OYDUH]6DQWRV5\RWURV7HPDVGH0HGLFLQD*HQHUDO,QWHJUDO&LXGDGGH
/D+DEDQD&LHQFLDV0pGLFDV± 2FKRD5%RQHW0)XQGDPHQWDFLyQGHODOXFKDFRQWUDODVHQIHUPHGDGHV
FUyQLFDV\VXGLVSHQVDUL]DFLyQ5HY&XEDQD0HG*HQHUDO,QWHJUDO
±
7HUU\0ROLQHUW+\RWURV&XDGURHSLGHPLROyJLFRS±
&DVWLOOR0\RWURV(SLGHPLRORJtD&LXGDGGH/D+DEDQD(GLWRULDO3XHEOR
\(GXFDFLyQS± 0,16$3$QXDULRHVWDGtVWLFRGHVDOXG