et al - Asociación Colombiana de Herpetología

Tortugas terrestres y de agua dulce de Colombia
y manejo de los decomisos
Septiembre 2012
1
2
MINISTERIO DE AMBIENTE
Y DESARROLLO SOSTENIBLE
Presidente de la República de Colombia
Juan Manuel Santos Calderón
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE COLOMBIA
Rector
Ignacio Mantilla Prada
Vicerrector de Investigación
Alexander Gómez Mejía
Ministro de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible
Frank Pearl
Decano (E) Facultad de Ciencias
John Charles Donato Rondón
Viceministra de Ambiente
Adriana Soto
Vicedecano de Investigación
Luis Fernando Ospina
Directora de Bosques, Biodiversidad y Servicios
Ecosistémicos
Xiomara Sanclemente
Grupo de Gestión en Biodiversidad
Claudia Luz Rodríguez
Director Departamento de Biología
Hernando Alfonso Valencia Zapata
Grupo de investigación Biología de Organismos Tropicales (Biotun)
María Argenis Bonilla Gómez, Directora
Autores
María Argenis Bonilla Gómez, Ph. D. –Directora de Proyecto–
Natalia Luque Sánchez, Bióloga - Coordinadora
Mónica Adriana Cuervo Martínez, Bióloga - Coordinadora
Laura Camila Barreto Calderón, Bióloga
Catalina Zuluaga Rodríguez, Bióloga
Edgar Adrián Vásquez Ávila, Biólogo
Marjorie Pinzón Arias, Bióloga
Oscar Yandy Romero Goyeneche, Biólogo
Felber Jair Arroyave Bermúdez, Biólogo
María Carolina Becerra Riveros, Bióloga
Cindy Cristina Leguízamo Pardo, Bióloga
Joven Investigadora Colciencias - estudiante de posgrado
Ilustraciones interiores y contracarátula
Edgar Adrián Vásquez Ávila, Biólogo
Fotografía portada
Cindy Leguízamo
Fotografías interiores
Natalia Luque, Bióloga
Cindy Leguízamo, Bióloga
Mónica Cuervo, Bióloga
Priscila Saab Vélez, Bióloga
Diseño y diagramación
Zulima Pulido Pardo
Impresión
Editorial Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Cítese como:
Colombia. Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible
Tortugas terrestres y de agua dulce de Colombia y manejo de los decomisos/;
Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Bonilla M. A., Luque N., Cuervo M. A.,
Pinzón M. y Vásquez E. A.; Bogotá, D.C.: Colombia. Ministerio de Ambiente y
Desarrollo Sostenible, 2012. 100 p.
1. Tortugas terrestres y de agua dulce de Colombia
2. Manejo de los decomisos
<ZnÅKWLMNI]VI[QT^M[\ZM
4. Amenazas a la biodiversidad
5. Ciclo de vida tortugas
I. Tit.
II. Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible
III.Universidad Nacional de Colombia
CDD: 591.7
ISBN: 978-958-761-234-9
Esta publicación se produjo en el marco del Convenio 179 de 2011 suscrito entre
el Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible y la Universidad Nacional
de Colombia
© Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible, Colombia.
© Universidad Nacional de Colombia
Todos los derechos reservados. Se autoriza la reproducción y difusión de material contenido
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Chelonoidis carbonaria
Podocnemis expansa (en la Orinoquia)
Podocnemis unifilis (en la Orinoquia)
5 En Peligro (EN)
Chelonoidis denticulata (en la Orinoquia)
Mesoclemmys dahli
Podocnemis expansa (en la Amazonia)
Podocnemis lewyana
Podocnemis unifilis
6 Vulnerables (VU)
Chelonoidis denticulata (en la Amazonia)
Kinosternon dunni
Mesoclemmys zuliae
Peltocephalus dumerilianus
Podocnemis erythrocephala
Podocnemis sextuberculata
5 Casi Amenazadas (NT)
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Doblan la cabeza dentro del caparazón
Pleurodiras
Están presentes únicamente en el
hemisferio sur
La mayoría son semi-acuáticas
Tortugas
(Orden Testudinata)
Rhinemys rufipes
Rhinoclemmys annulata
Rhinoclemmys nasuta
Trachemys callirostris
Trachemys venusta
Retraen la cabeza dentro del caparazón
Criptodiras
12 Datos Deficientes (DD)
Son las únicas tortugas presentes en el
hemisferio norte
Son la mayoría de tortugas existentes, tanto
terrestres como acuáticas y todas las marinas.
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Nombre común
Carranchina, cabeza al lado, cabeza
volteada, Dahl´s toad-headed turtle
Características morfológicas
y ecológicas utilizadas para
diferenciar la especie de tortuga
Distribución geográfica de la
especie, tanto general
como en Colombia
Hábitat donde
generalmente se
encuentra la especie
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$%&'()*)$"03.#*&/&4#,)FG
Familia
Chelidae
Características generales: Tortuga semiacuática que se alimenta especialmente de insectos y caracoles. De no más de 28 cm de largo. El
caparazón es ovalado o elíptico, aplanado y deprimido, de color café-oliva, con los escudos
marginales un poco inclinados hacia arriba. El
plastrón tiene una muesca en “v”, es mucho más
angosto que el caparazón y es de color amarillo
ocre. La cabeza es de gran tamaño, ancha y alargada que sobresale del resto del cuerpo; la
región ventral y lateral de la cabeza son de color
amarillo y la región dorsal es gris o café-oliva.
Tiene barbicelos mentonianos cortos. El cuello
es grisáceo en el dorso y más claro en la parte
ventral. Las patas son palmeadas con cinco
garras en las extremidades anteriores y cuatro
en las posteriores. Los machos son más pequeños que las hembras, en estos la cola es más larga y ancha y el plastrón es escotado en los escudos anales (Zangerl & Medem, 1958; Ernest et al.,
1998; Castaño-Mora, 2002; Rueda-Almonacid et
al., 2007).
Distribución general: Endémica de la Región Caribe de Colombia (Rueda-Almonacid et
al., 2007).
Distribución en colombia: Presente en la
ciénaga de Zapatosa en el departamento de Cesar, en la ciénaga Grande del bajo Sinú en Cór-
Nombre científico
Mesoclemmys dahli
(Zangerl y Medem, 1958)
doba, en la cuenca de los ríos Sinú-San Jorge y en
los departamentos de Sucre, Bolívar y Atlántico
(MAVDT, 2002b; Carvajal-Cogollo et al., 2007;
Medina-Rangel, 2011).
Hábitat: Vive en aguas poco profundas, temporales, pantanos, bosques de ribera y en general en ambientes acuáticos con vegetación de
borde o flotante (Castaño-Mora, 2002; RuedaAlmonacid et al., 2007).
Lista Roja y Cites: En 1985 la UICN la consideró como el tercer reptil más cercano a desaparecer. Desde el 2000 se encuentra catalogaada como especie En Peligro Crítico (CR) a nivel
mundial y nacional y en el Apéndice I de Cites
(Castaño-Mora, 2002; Rueda-Almonacid et al.,
2007; Asociación Colombiana de Herpetología,
2011; IUCN, 2011
Amenazas: Las redes de pesca son una amenaza para esta especie debido a que quedan
atrapadas. La pérdida de hábitat y condiciones
intrínsecas como las bajas densidades y el aislamiento geográfico, hacen que sus poblaciones
sean mucho más vulnerables a la extinción
(Castaño-Mora, 2002; MAVDT, 2002b; RuedaAlmonacid et al., 2007).
27
El color indica la región
donde se encuentra
distribuída la especie
Cuando se muestra un
degradado de colores
indica que la especie está en
más de una región
Categoría de la especie en la
Lista Roja y presencia en
apéndices de Cites
Principales amenazas a las
poblaciones de la especie
Nombre común
Chelidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Mesoclemmys dahli
(Zangerl & Medem, 1958)
CARIBE
Carranchina, cabeza al lado, cabeza
volteada, Dahl´s toad-headed turtle
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_2 7RUWXJD VHPLDFXiE
WLFD TXH VH DOLPHQWD HVSHFLDOPHQWH GH LQVHFWRV \
FDUDFROHV'HQRPiVGHFPGHODUJR(OFDSDE
UD]yQHVRYDODGRRHOtSWLFRDSODQDGR\GHSULPLGR
GHFRORUFDIpROLYDFRQORVHVFXGRVPDUJLQDOHVXQ
SRFRLQFOLQDGRVKDFLDDUULED(OSODVWUyQWLHQHXQD
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SDUD]yQ\HVGHFRORUDPDULOORRFUH/DFDEH]DHV
GH JUDQ WDPDxR DQFKD \ DODUJDGD TXH VREUHVDOH
GHOUHVWRGHOFXHUSRODUHJLyQYHQWUDO\ODWHUDOGH
ODFDEH]DVRQGHFRORUDPDULOOR\ODUHJLyQGRUVDO
HVJULVRFDIpROLYD7LHQHEDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRV
)-#'-%G! 0;! )/$;;-! $%! :#*%N)$-! $&! $;! .-#%-! 6! 9N%!
FODURHQODSDUWHYHQWUDO/DVSDWDVVRQSDOPHDGDV
28
CARIBE
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\FXDWURHQODVSRVWHULRUHV/RVPDFKRVVRQPiV
SHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDVHQHVWRVODFRODHVPiV
ODUJD\DQFKD\HOSODVWUyQHVHVFRWDGRHQORVHVE
FXGRVDQDOHV=DQJHUO0HGHP(UQHVW&.*#/G2!
&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!
JKKOFG!
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HQ OD FLpQDJD *UDQGH GHO EDMR 6LQ~ HQ &yUGRED
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GHSDUWDPHQWRVGH6XFUH%ROtYDU\$WOiQWLFR0$E
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SDUDHVWDHVSHFLHGHELGRDTXHTXHGDQDWUDSDGDV
/D SpUGLGD GH KiELWDW \ FRQGLFLRQHV LQWUtQVHFDV
FRPRODVEDMDVGHQVLGDGHV\HODLVODPLHQWRJHRJUiE
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YXOQHUDEOHV D OD H[WLQFLyQ &DVWDxR0RUD 0$9'7E5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
`a?&$+$_9LYHHQDJXDVSRFRSURIXQGDVWHPSRE
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29
Nombre común
Emydidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Trachemys callirostris
(Gray, 1855)
CARIBE
Hicotea, icotea, jicotea,
colombian slider turtle
Familia
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GXOFHDFXtFROD GLXUQD RPQtYRUD FRQVXPH SULQFLSDOE
PHQWH SODQWDV DFXiWLFDV SHUR WDPELpQ SHFHV YLYRV
RPXHUWRV UHQDFXDMRV LQVHFWRVH LQFOXVR EDUUR 'H
WDPDxRPHGLDQRSXHGHDOFDQ]DUORVFPGHODUJR
(OFDSDUD]yQHVGHFRORUHVPX\YLVWRVRVHQQHRQDWRV
\FUtDVGHIRUPDRYDODGDOLVROLJHUDPHQWHDERYHGDGR
)-&!9(&)A(%!&$:#(%!#$.-&.$(.(%!$&!'-.-%!;-%!$%)/E
GRVTXHHVWiQURGHDGDVSRUDQLOORVGHFRORUDPDULOOR
QDUDQMDRYHUGH(OSODVWUyQHVDPDULOORFRQXQGHQVR
HQWUDPDGRYHUGH/DFDEH]DHVFRPSOHWDPHQWHOLVDVLQ
HVFDPDV FRQ XQD EDQGD SRVWRUELWDO DQFKD GH FRORU
URMR QDUDQMD R DPDULOOR XELFDGD GHWUiV GH FDGD RMR
SHURVLQWRFDUORTXHVHSXHGHH[WHQGHURQRKDVWD
$;!)/$;;-G!"-%$$!/&!)-&5/&'-!.$!9(&)A(%!#$.-&.$(.(%!
DPDULOODVXRFHORVDOUHGHGRUGHODERFD\HQODUDQIRE
30
CARIBE
WHFDLQIHULRUUHJLyQPDQGLEXODU(OUHVWRGHODFDEHE
>(!'*$&$!/&(%!;@&$(%!(9(#*;;(%!H/$!%$!$1'*$&.$&!A(%'(!
HOFXHOOR\ORVPLHPEURVDQWHULRUHVSRVWHULRUHV\OD
FROD /RV DGXOWRV FRQVHUYDQ HO SDWUyQ FDUDFWHUtVWLFR
GHFRORUDFLyQHQODFDEH]DSHURHQODVSDWDV\ODFROD
VH RVFXUHFH FRQVLGHUDEOHPHQWH /DV SDWDV VRQ WRWDOE
PHQWHSDOPHDGDVFRQFLQFRJDUUDVHQODVH[WUHPLGDE
GHVDQWHULRUHV\FXDWURHQODVSRVWHULRUHV/RVPDFKRV
VRQPiVSHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDVHQHVWRVODFRODHV
PiVODUJD\DQFKD0HGHP&DVWDxR0RUD
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/0HGLQD5DQJHO
`a?&$+$_9LYHHQDJXDVSRFRSURIXQGDV\ORGRVDVDO
LJXDOTXHHQFRPSOHMRVFHQDJRVRVODJXQDV\MDJH\HV
0HGHP &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDE
)*.!&.*#/0HGLQD5DQJHO
8&*$+2 9":+2 ;2 !&$%*_2 (VSHFLH FDWDORJDGD FRPR &DVL
$PHQD]DGD 17 D QLYHO PXQGLDO \ QDFLRQDO SRU OD
8,&1 1R DSDUHFH HQ ORV$SpQGLFHV GH &LWHV &DVE
WDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ $VRE
FLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH +HUSHWRORJtD 0HGLQD
5DQJHO
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_2(QGpPLFDGH&RORPELD\9HE KL%#+M+*_2/DVSULQFLSDOHVDPHQD]DVVRQODGHVWUXFE
QH]XHOD 0HGHP &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD FLyQ\GHJUDGDFLyQGHVXVKiELWDWVODVREUH[SORWDFLyQ
=;9-&()*.!&.*#/0HGLQD5DQJHO
SRUFDFHUtDHOWUiÀFRLOHJDOGHQHRQDWRVFRPRPDVFRE
WDV\HOFRPHUFLRGHKHPEUDVDGXOWDV\KXHYRVSDUD
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_2 "#$%$&'$! $&! ;(! #$:*+&! FRQVXPRKXPDQRVREUHWRGRHQOD&XDUHVPD\6HE
&DULEHHQORVFRPSOHMRVFHQDJRVRVGHORVUtRV0DJGDE PDQD6DQWDSULQFLSDOPHQWHHQORVGHSDUWDPHQWRVGH
OHQD&DXFD6LQ~6DQ-RUJH\5DQFKHUtD(QORVGHSDUE %ROtYDU&HVDU&yUGRED\6XFUH&DVWDxR0RUD
'(9$&'-%!.$!=&'*-H/*(2!=';N&'*)-2!?-;@<(#2!7$%(#2!7+#E 4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/0HGLQD5DQJHO
GRED*XDMLUD0DJGDOHQD6DQWDQGHU\6XFUH0HGHP !
&DVWDxR0RUD$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH
+HUSHWRORJtD0HGLQD5DQJHO
31
Nombre común
Podocnemididae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Podocnemis lewyana
(Duméril, 1852)
ANDINA - CARIBE
Tortuga de río, tortuga de agua, tortuga
del Magdalena, Magdalena river turtle
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_7RUWXJDDFXiWLFDGXOE
FHDFXtFRODGLXUQDKHUEtYRUDVHDOLPHQWDGHSODQWDV
DFXiWLFDV\GHPDWHULDOYHJHWDO(VGHWDPDxRPHGLDE
QRSXHGHDOFDQ]DUORVFPGHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQ
HVRYDODGROLVR\PiVDSODQDGRTXHHOGHRWUDVHVE
SHFLHVGHOJpQHUR8262$,&'0)GHFRORUJULVRVFXUR
RFDIpROLYD(OSODVWUyQSXHGHVHUGHFRORUFUHPD
:#*%N)$-2!'-'(;9$&'$!&$:#-!-!&$:#-!)-&!;(%!)*%/#(%!
FODUDV/DFDEH]DHVGHFRORUJULVROLYDFRQXQDEDQE
GDDPDULOORFODUDTXHYDGHVGHHOERUGHSRVWHULRU
GHO RMR KDVWD OD SDUWH VXSHULRU GHO WtPSDQR GLFKR
SDWUyQGHFRORUDFLyQHVWiSUHVHQWHHQWRGRVORVHVE
32
ANDINA - CARIBE
WDGLRV GH GHVDUUROOR GH DPERV VH[RV H[FHSWR HQ
ODVKHPEUDVDGXOWDVODHVFDPDLQWHUSDULHWDOHVELHQ
DQFKD\HQIRUPDGHFRUD]yQ7LHQHGRVEDUELFHORV
PHQWRQLDQRV /DV SDWDV VRQ WRWDOPHQWH SDOPHDGDV
)-&!)*&)-!:(##(%!$&!;(%!$1'#$9*.(.$%!(&'$#*-#$%! 6!
FXDWURHQODVSRVWHULRUHV/RVPDFKRVVRQPiVSHE
TXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDV\HQHVWRVODFRODHVPiV
ODUJD&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!
0HGLQD5DQJHO
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQUtRVJUDQGHV\VXVDÁXHQWHVFLpE
QDJDVODJXQDV\SODQRVGHLQXQGDFLyQGHODVFXHQFDV
GHO 0DJGDOHQD HO 6LQ~ \ 6DQ -RUJH &DVWDxR0RUD
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/0HGLQD5DQJHO
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_20%'N!)('(;-:(.(!)-9-!0&!"$;*E
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FDV \ FLpQDJDV GH ORV UtRV 0DJGDOHQD EDMR &DXFD DGXOWRV\ORVKXHYRVVRQVXVSULQFLSDOHVDPHQD]DV
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33
Bache, mordelona, tortugaña,
South American snapping turtle
Familia
Chelydridae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_2 7RUWXJD DFXiWLFD
'HWDPDxRJUDQGHSXHGHDOFDQ]DUORVFPGH
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VXSHULRUSURIXQGDPHQWHDVHUUDGRGHFRORUFDIp
DFDQHODGRRFDIpRVFXURFRQXQSDWUyQGHOtQHDV
TXHLUUDGLDQVREUHFDGDHVFXGRVREUHHOFDSDUDE
]yQVHREVHUYDQWUHVTXLOODVDPDQHUDGHSURWXEHE
#(&)*(%!H/$!'*$&.$&!(!.$%<(&$)$#%$!(!9$.*.(!H/$!
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Chelydra acutirostris
(Peters, 1862)
HO LQGLYLGXR HQYHMHFH (O SODVWUyQ HV UtJLGR PX\
UHGXFLGR\HQIRUPDGHFUX]GHFRORUDPDULOORFDE
QHOD/DFDEH]DHVJUDQGHDSODQDGDVREUHVXSDUWH
GRUVDO\FXELHUWDSRUSLHOVXDYHORVRMRVVRQYLVLE
EOHV GHVGH DUULED (O PD[LODU SRVHH XQ SRGHURVR
JDQFKRDSLFDO6REUHHOPHQWyQKD\GRVEDUELFHORV
ODUJRVXVXDOPHQWHVHJXLGRVSRURSDUHVPiV
SHTXHxRV \ VREUH HO GRUVR GH OD QXFD VH VLW~DQ
34
CARIBE - PACÍFICA
Nombre común
CARIBE - PACÍFICA
YDULRVWXEpUFXORVUHGRQGHDGRV/DVSDWDVVRQJUDQE
GHV\UREXVWDV\ORVGHGRVWHUPLQDQHQJDUUDVPX\
ODUJDV/DFRODHVODUJD\WLHQHHVFDPDVSURPLQHQWHV
GLVSXHVWDVHQKLOHUDVGREOHV&DVWDxR0RUD
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/;GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AA
BBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
YHJHWDFLyQ DFXiWLFD \ PDUJLQDO 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQR
DPHQD]DGDSRU8,&1QLLQFOXLGDHQORVDSpQGLFHV
GH&LWHV&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*
#/; $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH +HUSHWRORJtD
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_20&!$;!%/#!.$!=9C#*)(!7$&E GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4G;
WUDO \ QRURFFLGHQWH GH 6XUDPpULFD GHVGH HO VXU
GH+RQGXUDVDWUDYpVGHO&DULEH\ODVFXHQFDVGH KL%#+M+*_2 $ SHVDU GH VXV KiELWRV FUtSWLFRV ODV
$PpULFD &HQWUDO KDVWD ODV WLHUUDV EDMDV GHO 3DFtÀE SREODFLRQHV GH HVWD HVSHFLH KDQ VLGR GLH]PDGDV
FR GH &RORPELD \ (FXDGRU )ULW] +DYDä FRPRUHVXOWDGRGHODVREUHH[SORWDFLyQODGHVHFDE
FLyQGHODViUHDVSDQWDQRVDV\ODFRQWDPLQDFLyQGH
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
ODVDJXDVFRQDJURTXtPLFRVVXFDUQH\KXHYRVVRQ
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_!"#$%$&'$!$&!;(!#$:*+&! EDVWDQWHDSUHFLDGRVSDUDHOFRQVXPRKXPDQR\OOHE
3DFtÀFDHQHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGHO&KRFyHQODFXHQFD JDQ D VHU REMHWR GH FRPHUFLR D XQD HVFDOD UHJLRE
PHGLD\EDMDGHOUtR&DXFD\HQWRGDODFXHQFDGHO QDOHVSHFLDOPHQWHODVSREODFLRQHVORFDOL]DGDVHQHO
DOWRUtR&DXFDODVFUtDVWDPELpQVXHOHQVHUYHQGLGDV
6LQ~5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
FRPRPDVFRWDV5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;GLVE
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQUtRV\HVWDQTXHVGHDJXDVWXUELDV SRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
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DEXQGDQWHVWURQFRVFDtGRVDVtFRPRXQDIURQGRVD
35
Tortuga montañera, tortuga pambilero,
icotea, Brown wood turtle
Familia
Geoemydidae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDWHUUHVWUHGH
KiELWRVGLXUQRVTXHPLGHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHFP
GHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQHVDSODQDGRHQODUHJLyQDOWD
\PHGLDFHUUDGRHQODSDUWHSRVWHULRUHVGHFRORU
DPDULOORFDIpRFDIpRVFXUR\SUHVHQWDXQDTXLOODR
FDUHQDDPDULOODHQODSDUWHPHGLDGHORVHVFXGRV
YHUWHEUDOHV(OSODVWUyQWLHQHXQDJUDQPDQFKDQHE
JUD HO UHVWR HV DPDULOOR EULOODQWH OD SDUWH IURQWDO
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Rhinoclemmys annulata
(Gray, 1860)
GHO SODVWUyQ HV OHYDQWDGD \ OD SRVWHULRU SUHVHQWD
XQDPXHVFD7DQWRMXYHQLOHVFRPRDGXOWRVSRVHHQ
XQD FDEH]D SHTXHxD GH FRORU QHJUR /D FDEH]D \
HO FXHOOR SUHVHQWDQ OtQHDV EODQFDV R DPDULOODV HQ
ODUHJLyQODWHUDO/DQDUL]HVUHVSLQJDGD\PXHVWUD
XQSLFRSHTXHxRHQODUDQIRWHFDVXSHULRUUHJLyQ
PD[LODUFRQSHTXHxDVVLHUUDVDFDGDODGR3RVHHQ
SDWDV OLJHUDPHQWH SDOPHDGDV \ WLHQHQ XQ SDWUyQ
36
CARIBE - PACÍFICA
Nombre común
CARIBE - PACÍFICA
*##$:/;(#!.$!;@&$(%!(9(#*;;(%!6!:#*%$%I!;(%!$1'#$9*.(E
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SDUWH VXSHULRU PLHQWUDV TXH HQ ODV H[WUHPLGDGHV
SRVWHULRUHV HVWDV OtQHDV HVWiQ HQ OD SDUWH YHQWUDO
/D FROD WDPELpQ SUHVHQWD HVWH SDWUyQ GH FRORUDE
FLyQ &HEDOORV)RQVHFD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.*
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BBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
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SHURWDPELpQLQFXUVLRQDHQERVTXHVGHJDOHUtDKDVE
WD ODV WLHUUDV DOWDV HQ HOHYDFLRQHV TXH VXSHUDQ ORV
P&HEDOORV)RQVHFD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
8&*$+2 9":+2 ;2 !&$%*_2 0%'N! )('(;-:(.(! )-9-! 7(%*!
$PHQD]DGD17DQLYHOPXQGLDO\QDFLRQDOSRUOD
8,&1 1R VH HQFXHQWUD LQFOXLGD HQ ORV$SpQGLFHV
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_20&!;(!#$:*+&!%/#E)$&'#(;!.$! GH&LWHV&HEDOORV)RQVHFD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
$PpULFDKDVWDHOQRURULHQWHGH6XUDPpULFDGHVGH &.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
+RQGXUDVDWUDYpVGH1LFDUDJXD&RVWD5LFD3DQDE GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG!
Pi&RORPELD\(FXDGRU(UQVW&.*#/)ULW]
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FXQGLGDG \ FUHFLPLHQWR OHQWR JHQHUDQ VXVFHSWLELE
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2"#$%$&'$!$&!;(!#$:*+&! OLGDG D OD SUHVLyQ DQWUySLFD $XQTXH GHELGR D VX
3DFtÀFD(QORVGHSDUWDPHQWRVGH$QWLRTXLDHQORV WDPDxR \ HFWRSDUiVLWRV HV SRFR DSHWHFLGD FRPR
OtPLWHVFRQ&yUGRED\&HVDU&DXFD&KRFyEDMR IXHQWH GH SURWHtQDV SRU ODV FRPXQLGDGHV ORFDOHV
%DXGy9DOOHGHO&DXFD\1DULxR(UQVW&.*#/ &DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
)ULW] +DYDä 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ &DVWUR+HUUHUD 9DUJDV6DOLQDV $VRFLDFLyQ !
&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
37
Nombre común
Kinosternidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Kinosternon dunni
(Schmidt, 1947)
PACÍFICA
Cabeza de trozo, tapaculo,
Dunn’s mud turtle
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_7RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLFD
GH KiELWRVQRFWXUQRV FDUQtYRUDTXH FRQVXPH SHE
TXHxRV PROXVFRV LQVHFWRV \ SHFHV (V GH WDPDxR
SHTXHxRGHFHUFDGHFPGHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQ
HV XQLIRUPH DQFKR OLVR \ DOWR WULFDUHQDGR R WULE
TXLOODGR HQ ORV MXYHQLOHV GH FRORU FDIp RVFXUR (O
SODVWUyQHVDPDULOORFRQODVFLVXUDVRVFXUHFLGDV/D
FDEH]D HVWi FXELHUWD FDVL HQ VX WRWDOLGDG SRU XQD
JUDQHVFDPDURVWUDOHQODUHJLyQGRUVDO\SUHVHQWD
EDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRVFRUWRV/DVSDWDVVRQSDOE
PHDGDV/RVPDFKRVVRQXQSRFRPiVJUDQGHVTXH
ODVKHPEUDVWLHQHQODUHJLyQQDVDOKLQFKDGD\SURE
38
8&*$+2 9":+2 ;2 !&$%*_2 (VWi FDWDORJDGD FRPR9XOQHE
UDEOH98DQLYHOPXQGLDO\QDFLRQDOSRUOD8,&1
SHURQRVHHQFXHQWUDLQFOXLGDHQORV$SpQGLFHVGH
&LWHV &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.*
#/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH +HUSHWRORJtD
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_(VSHFLHHQGpPLFDGH&RE ORPELD)ULW]+DYDä5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!
KL%#+M+*_26XUHGXFLGDGLVWULEXFLyQJHRJUiÀFDOD
JKKOFG
KDFH SRWHQFLDOPHQWH VHQVLEOH D OD GHIRUHVWDFLyQ \
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2"#$%$&'$!$&!;(!)/$&E WUDQVIRUPDFLyQ GH ORV DPELHQWHV 3RU VX EDMD WDVD
FDGHORVUtRV%DXGy\6DQ-XDQHQHOGHSDUWDPHQE GHIHFXQGLGDGHVVHQVLEOHDODFD]DGHVXEVLVWHQFLD
WRGHO&KRFy&DVWDxR0RUD)ULW]+DYDä &DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ&RE GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
ORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
PACÍFICA
WXEHUDQWHXQDFRODODUJDWHUPLQDGDHQXxDURPD\
SRVHHQXQSDUFKHGHHVFDPDVHVSLQRVDVHQODSDUE
WH LQWHUQD GH ORV PXVORV 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/G2!
GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
`a?&$+$_2 9LYH HQ ODV FDEHFHUDV GH ORV FDxRV SHE
TXHxRVURGHDGRVGHVHOYDSRFRDOWHUDGDFRQGRVHO
FHUUDGR 3HUPDQHFH HVFRQGLGD HQ HO IRQGR GH ORV
FDXFHVSRFRSURIXQGRVFXELHUWDSRUKRMDV\WURQE
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SHUR QR HQ iUHDV HVWXDULQDV 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.*
#/;GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
39
Nombre común
Geoemydidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Rhinoclemmys nasuta
(Boulenger, 1902)
PACÍFICA
Tortuga sabalatera, tortuga blanca,
Tortuga chibigüi, Large nosed wood turtle
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_2 7RUWXJD DFXiWLFD GH
DFPGHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQHVGHIRUPDDSODE
QDGD XQLFDUHQDGR GH VXSHUÀFLH QRUPDOPHQWH OLVD
GHFRORUSDUGRRVFXUR\ODSDUWHWUDVHUDPiVDQFKD
\DOWDHQORVMXYHQLOHVHViVSHURFRQSHTXHxDVUXE
JRVLGDGHV(OSODVWUyQHVWDOLJHUDPHQWHOHYDQWDGRHQ
ODSDUWHGHODQWHUD\UHFRUWDGRHQODWUDVHUDHVGH
)-;-#!(9(#*;;-!)-&!:#(&.$%!9(&)A(%!.$!)-;-#!&$:#-!
HQFDGDXQRGHORVHVFXGRV/DFDEH]DHVQHJUD\
SUHVHQWDXQDEDQGDHVWUHFKDEODQFDRDPDULOODLQWHE
UUXPSLGDSRUODyUELWD\TXHVHSURORQJDKDVWDHO
FXHOOR$GHPiVWLHQHRWUDVGRVEDQGDVPiVDQFKDV
\GHOPLVPRFRORUTXHVHXELFDQDORVODGRVGHOD
FDEH]D\VHSUR\HFWDQKDVWDHOWtPSDQR/DQDUL]HV
40
PACÍFICA
SUR\HFWDGD \ FRQVSLFXD /DV SDWDV VRQ SDOPHDGDV \HOSLHGHPRQWHKDVWDP0HGHP5XHGD
/RVPDFKRVVRQPiVSHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDV\ =;9-&()*.!&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
HQHVWRVODFRODHVPiVODUJD&DVWDxR0RUD
8&*$+2 9":+*2 ;2 !&$%*_2 0%'N! )('(;-:(.(! )-9-! 7(%*!
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/6,%
$PHQD]DGD17DQLYHOPXQGLDO\QDFLRQDOSRUOD
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_2(VWDHVSHFLHVHHQFXHQWUD 8,&1\QRVHHQFXHQWUDLQFOXLGDHQORV$SpQGLFHV
UHVWULQJLGDDODFRVWD3DFtÀFDGH&RORPELD\DODV GH&LWHV&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*
SURYLQFLDV GH (VPHUDOGDV \ 3LFKLQFKD HQ (FXDGRU #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH +HUSHWRORJtD
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;2!JKKOFG
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_2 "#$%$&'$! $&! ;(! #$E
JLyQ 3DFtÀFD HQ ODV FXHQFDV GH ORV UtRV 6DQ -XDQ
4XLWy7UXDQGy 'RFDPSDGy \ %DXGy (Q ORV GHE
SDUWDPHQWRV GH &DXFD &KRFy 1DULxR \9DOOH GHO
&DXFD0HGHP&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD
=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH
+HUSHWRORJtD
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQUHPDQVRVGHUtRVJUDQGHV\FRE
UULHQWHVGHSHTXHxRDPHGLDQRWDPDxRODJXQDVR
ODJRV \ RFDVLRQDOPHQWH HQ DJXDV VDOREUHV 6H HQE
FXHQWUDHQERVTXHVK~PHGRVHQODOODQXUDFRVWHUD
KL%#+M+*_2/DGLVPLQXFLyQGHVXVSREODFLRQHVVX
UHGXFLGDIHFXQGLGDGHOFUHFLPLHQWROHQWR\VXUHVE
WULQJLGDGLVWULEXFLyQJHRJUiÀFDODKDFHQVXVFHSWLEOH
D OD SUHVLyQ GH FD]D SDUD HO FRQVXPR KXPDQR \
ODHODERUDFLyQGHDUWHVDQtDVDSDUWLUGHVXFDSDUDE
]yQ &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/;E*
JKKOFG
!
41
Nombre común
Emydidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Trachemys venusta
(Gray, 1855)
PACÍFICA
Icotea, jicotea, pecho de carey,
Panamanian slider turtle
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLFD
GXOFHDFXtFRODGLXUQDRPQtYRUD'HWDPDxRPHGLDE
QRSXHGHDOFDQ]DUORVFPGHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQ
HV RYDODGR OLVR OLJHUDPHQWH DERYHGDGR FRQ PDQE
)A(%!&$:#(%!#$.-&.$(.(%!$&!'-.-%!;-%!$%)/.-%2!9N%!
FRQVSLFXDV HQ ORV HVFXGRV FRVWDOHV (O SODVWUyQ HV
.$!)-;-#!&(#(&5(E#-5*>-!.$)-#(.-!)-&!/&!$&'#(9(E
GRRVFXURPX\GHQVR/DFDEH]DHVFRPSOHWDPHQWH
OLVDVLQHVFDPDVFRQXQDOtQHDSRVWRUELWDOGHFRORU
QDUDQMD TXH VH H[WLHQGH KDFLD DWUiV GHVGH HO ERUE
GHSRVWHULRUGHORMRHQODUHJLyQJXODUSRVHHXQD
ÀJXUD DPDULOOD HQ IRUPD GH´<µ (VWDV GRV ~OWLPDV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV VRQ FODYHV SDUD GLIHUHQFLDUOD GH !;*
$#//0"2)."0)$GLFLRQDOPHQWH SRVHH EDQGDV DPDULOODV
42
PACÍFICA
ORQJLWXGLQDOHV VREUH OD FDEH]D TXH VH H[WLHQGHQ
KDVWDHOFXHOOR\ODVH[WUHPLGDGHVDQWHULRUHVHVWDV
EDQGDVWDPELpQHVWiQSUHVHQWHVHQODVH[WUHPLGDE
GHVSRVWHULRUHV\ODFROD/DVSDWDVVRQWRWDOPHQWH
SDOPHDGDV FRQ FLQFR JDUUDV HQ ODV H[WUHPLGDGHV
DQWHULRUHV\FXDWURHQODVSRVWHULRUHV/RVPDFKRV
VRQPiVSHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDV\DGHPiVWLHE
QHQODVJDUUDVGHODVSDWDVDODUJDGDV\ODFRODPiV
ODUJD(UQHVW&.*#/;&DVWDxR0RUD5XHE
.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;
"&3.0/&16#.#7#)&;2"4FG!
WR (Q ORV GHSDUWDPHQWRV GH $QWLRTXLD \ &KRFy
&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
0$9'781$/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH
+HUSHWRORJtD
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQFRPSOHMRVFHQDJRVRVODJXQDVMDE
JH\HV SR]RV \ FXHUSRV GH DJXDV OpQWLFDV SRFR
SURIXQGDV \ GH IRQGRV OLPRVRV 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/;2!JKKOFG
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFDWDORJDGDFRPR&DVL
$PHQD]DGD17DQLYHOQDFLRQDOSRUOD8,&11R
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 1%#%)+@_ 0p[LFR *XDWHPDOD +RQE DSDUHFH HQ ORV$SpQGLFHV GH &LWHV &DVWDxR0RE
GXUDV 1LFDUDJXD &RVWD 5LFD 3DQDPi \ &RORPELD UD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ
&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD0HGLQD5DQJHO
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2+D\SRFRVUHJLVWURV
ELEOLRJUiÀFRV\GDWRVGHFROHFFLRQHVODLQIRUPDFLyQ KL%#+M+*_2/DVDPHQD]DVTXHHQIUHQWDGHEHQVHU
H[LVWHQWHUHSRUWDDODHVSHFLHHQODV]RQDVLQXQGDE 9/6!%*9*;(#$%!(!;(%!.$!!;*$#//0"2)."0)SHURQRKD\QLQE
EOHV\FLpQDJDVHQORVGRVPiUJHQHVGHOUtR&DXFD J~QHVWXGLRDOUHVSHFWRVREUHHVWDHVSHFLH5XHGD
\ODSDUWHDOWDGHOUtR1HFKtHQVXFUXFHFRQHOUtR =;9-&()*.!&.*#/;2!JKKOFG!
&DXFD\HQODFLpQDJDGH7XPDUDGyHQHOEDMR$WUDE
43
Igüensa, galápago, galápago negro,
Maracaibo wood turtle
Familia
Geoemydidae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_ 7RUWXJD KHUEtYRUD
VHPLDFXiWLFD GH KiELWRV GLXUQRV FRQ XQ WDPDxR
DSUR[LPDGRGHFPGHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQHVRYDE
ODGR\GHSULPLGRWLHQHXQDTXLOODRFDUHQDPHGLDO
GHQWDGD \ OD VXSHUÀFLH GH ORV HVFXGRV SXHGH VHU
OLVDROLJHUDPHQWHUXJRVDVXFRORUDFLyQSXHGHVHU
GHFDIpRVFXURDQHJUR(OSODVWUyQHVFDIpURML]RD
QHJURFRQXQERUGHDPDULOORHQODVFLVXUDVGHORV
HVFXGRV/DFDEH]D\HOFXHOORVRQGHFRORUQHJUR
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Rhinoclemmys diademata
(Mertens, 1954)
FRQGRVIUDQMDVORQJLWXGLQDOHVURMDVRDPDULOODVTXH
SDVDQSRUGHODQWHGHODQXFD\VHH[WLHQGHQPiVDOOi
GHODyUELWD/DFDEH]DSRVHHXQDJUDQÀJXUDDPDE
ULOODHQIRUPDGH´9µLQYHUWLGDRKHUUDGXUDVLWXDGD
VREUH OD FRURQLOOD FRQ ORV YpUWLFHV GH HVWD ÀJXUD
HQPHGLRGHODVyUELWDV\ORVEUD]RVGLULJLGRVKDFLD
DWUiVUHJLyQWHPSRUDOHVWDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDHVFODYH
SDUDODLGHQWLÀFDFLyQGHODHVSHFLH7LHQHXQDOtQHD
GHFRORUDPDULOORTXHERUGHDDORMR\SXHGHSURE
44
ANDINA - CATATUMBO
Nombre común
ANDINA - CATATUMBO
\HFWDUVHRQRKDVWDHOWtPSDQR\XQDOtQHDDODUJDGD
GHO PLVPR FRORU XELFDGD GHODQWH GHO RMR 6REUH OD
UDQIRWHFDVXSHULRUUHJLyQPD[LODUWLHQHXQDSURPLE
&$&'$!;@&$(!.$!)-;-#!(9(#*;;-G!0;!*#*%!$%!.$!)-;-#!<$#.$G!
/DVSDWDVVRQSDOPHDGDVSRUORJHQHUDOODVH[WUHPLE
.(.$%!(&'$#*-#$%!'*$&$&!9(&)A(%!(9(#*;;(%!6!#-5(%!6!
ODVSRVWHULRUHVVRQGHFRORUDPDULOORFRQQHJUR/RV
PDFKRVVRQPiVSHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDVWLHQHQ
ODFRODPiVJUXHVD\ODUJD\HQHVWRVHOSODVWUyQHV
UHODWLYDPHQWHFyQFDYR5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQFXHUSRVGHDJXDGXOFHHQVXUDQJR
GHGLVWULEXFLyQHVWDQTXHVSDQWDQRV\FLpQDJDVFRVE
WHUDVGHORVJUDQGHVUtRVHQODV]RQDVGHVDEDQD\ORV
ERVTXHV SURIXQGRV &DVWDxR0RUD 5DPtUH]
3HULOOD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQR
DPHQD]DGD SRU OD 8,&1 H LQFOXLGD HQ OD FDWHJRUtD
3UHRFXSDFLyQ 0HQRU /& D QLYHO PXQGLDO 1R HVWi
LQFOXLGDHQORV$SpQGLFHVGH&LWHV5XHGD&DVE
WDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/$VRE
FLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HSHWRORJtDGLVSRQLEOH
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_2$OQRURULHQWHGH6XUDPpULE $&I!%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
FDGHVGHHORULHQWHGH&RORPELDKDVWDHOQRURULHQWH
GH9HQH]XHODHQODFXHQFDGHOODJR0DUDFDLER\UtR KL%#+M+*_/DSUHVLyQGHFD]DSDUDHOFRQVXPRKXE
&DWDWXPER &HEDOORV)RQVHFD ,SSL )ORUHV PDQR\ODFRQWDPLQDFLyQGHODVIXHQWHVGHDJXDFRQ
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
KLGURFDUEXURVSURYHQLHQWHVGHORVGHUUDPHVGHSHE
WUyOHRVRQODVFDXVDVSULQFLSDOHVGHGLVPLQXFLyQGH
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_26RORVHHQFXHQWUDHQ VXV SREODFLRQHV 5XHGD &DVWDxR0RUD ODFXHQFDGHO5tR&DWDWXPERHQHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGH 4/$.(E=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ GLVSRQLEOH HQ %..3@AA
1RUWH GH 6DQWDQGHU &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD BBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH !
+HUSHWRORJtD
45
Sabanera, galápago, galápago llanero,
Savannah side-necked turtle
Familia
Podocnemididae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_2 7RUWXJD DFXiWLFD
RPQtYRUD VH DOLPHQWD HVSHFLDOPHQWH GH DQÀELRV
SHFHVLQVHFWRV\WRGRWLSRGHPDWHULDOYHJHWDO(V
GHWDPDxRSHTXHxR(OFDSDUD]yQHVRYDODGROLVR
GHFRORUFDIpVLQTXLOODRFDUHQDFRQGLHQWHVHQ
HO HVFXGRQXFDO/DVFUtDV\MXYHQLOHV SRVHHQ XQD
FDUHQDPHGLDOVREUHHOVHJXQGR\FXDUWRHVFXGR
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Podocnemis vogli
(Müller, 1935)
YHUWHEUDO(OSODVWUyQHVGHFRORUJULV\DPDULOOR/D
FDEH]DHVGHFRORUFDIp\HQORVMXYHQLOHVSUHVHQWD
DOJXQDV PDQFKDV GLIXVDV EODQFDV R EODQFRDPDULE
OOHQWDV TXH SXHGHQ XELFDUVH HQ HO VXUFR LQWUDRUE
ELWDOHQWUHORVRMRVVREUHHOPDUJHQSRVWHULRUR
PHGLDOGHORVRMRVRVREUHHOWtPSDQR(VWDVPDQE
FKDVSXHGHQVHUUHWHQLGDVSRUORVPDFKRVDGXOWRV
46
ORINOQUIA
Nombre común
ORINOQUIA
SHURHQODVKHPEUDVDGXOWDVVLHPSUHHVWiQDXVHQE
WHV7LHQHDEDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRV/DVSDWDV
VRQSDOPHDGDV\DOLJXDOTXHHOFXHOORVRQGHFRORU
JULV /RV PDFKRV VRQ PiV SHTXHxRV TXH ODV KHPE
EUDV\WLHQHQODFRODPiVODUJD\JUXHVD(UQHVW&.*
#/5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/)RRWH
6,%
WXUELDVFRQSRFDYHJHWDFLyQ\VXHORDUFLOORVR&DVE
WDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG!
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQR
DPHQD]DGDSRUOD8,&1HLQFOXLGDHQODFDWHJRUtD
3UHRFXSDFLyQ 0HQRU /& D QLYHO PXQGLDO 6H HQE
FXHQWUDHQHO$SpQGLFH,,GH&LWHV&DVWDxR0RUD
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ&RE
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_26HUHVWULQJHDODVVDEDQDV ORPELDQD GH +HUSHWRORJtD ,8&1 GLVE
GHOD2ULQRTXLDGH&RORPELD\9HQH]XHOD(UQHVW&.* SRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;%-'72/6.;2"4;$2FG!
#/5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
KL%#+M+*_ 6RQ DPSOLDPHQWH FDSWXUDGDV GHELGR
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_2 6H GLVWULEX\H HQ HO (!H/$!%$!A(&!)-&<$#'*.-!$&!/&!#$)/#%-!$)-&+9*)-!
&-#'$!6!-))*.$&'$!.$!;(!7-#.*;;$#(!P#*$&'(;2!;;$:(&E 6!(;*9$&'*)*-!$&!>-&(%!.-&.$!;-%!(&*9(;$%!:#(&.$%!
GR KDVWD ORV UtRV 2ULQRFR *XD\DEHUR \ *XDYLDUH KDQGHVDSDUHFLGR\QRKD\RWUDVIXHQWHVGHSURWHtE
(QORVGHSDUWDPHQWRVGH$UDXFD%R\DFi&DVDQDUH QDGLVSRQLEOHVDXQTXHODPD\RUtDGHODVSREODFLRQHV
0HWD9DXSpV\9LFKDGD&DVWDxR0RUD5XHE DORODUJRGHVXUDQJRGHGLVWULEXFLyQVHPDQWLHQHQ
.(E=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD HVWDEOHV&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*
GH+HUSHWRORJtD
#/,8&1GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;%-'1
72/6.;2"4;$2FG
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQHFRVLVWHPDVOpQWLFRVPRULFKDOHV
FDxRVHVWHURVUHPDQVRVODJXQDVRFKDUFRVGHDJXDV
47
Morrocoy de patas amarillas, morrocoyo,
motelo, Yellow-footed tortoise
Familia
Testudinidae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_ 7RUWXJD WHUUHVWUH
RPQtYRUDVHDOLPHQWDGHSODQWDVWHUPLWDVKRQJRV
\FDUURxD(VGHJUDQWDPDxRSXHGHDOFDQ]DUORV
FPGHODUJRSHURHOSURPHGLRHVWiHQFP
(O FDSDUD]yQ WLHQH IRUPD GH GRPR \ SRVHH XQD
PDQFKD DPDULOOD FHQWUDO GLIXPLQDGD SRFR QtWLGD
VREUHFDGDHVFXGRYHUWHEUDO\FRVWDODGLIHUHQFLD
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Chelonoidis denticulata
(Linnaeus, 1766)
.$!5;*$#"72,#"0#2!;(!.$9(#)()*+&!.$!$%'(%!9(&)A(%!
HV SRFR HYLGHQWH (O SODVWUyQ HV JUDQGH \ UtJLGR
GHFRORUFDIpDPDULOORFRQPDQFKDVRVFXUDVHQODV
FLVXUDV$OJXQDVGHODVHVFDPDVGHODFDEH]D\ODV
SDWDVSUHVHQWDQFRORUDFLyQDPDULOORFODUDRQDUDQE
MDFODUD/DVSDWDVVRQJUXHVDV\UREXVWDVVLPLODUHV
DODVGHXQHOHIDQWHWLSRHOHIDQWLQDVFRQJDUUDV
48
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
Nombre común
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VWiFDWDORJDGDFRPR9XOQHUDE
EOH98DQLYHOPXQGLDO/DVSREODFLRQHVGHOD2ULE
QRTXLDGH&RORPELDVHHQFXHQWUDQFDWDORJDGDV(Q
3HOLJUR(1\ODVGHOD$PD]RQLD9XOQHUDEOH98
SRUOD8,&1(VWiLQFOXLGDHQHO$SpQGLFH,,GH&LWHV
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 1%#%)+@_2 (Q &RORPELD 9HQH]XHOD &DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
*X\DQDV (FXDGRU 3HU~ %ROLYLD \ %UDVLO &DVWDxR $VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/GLVSRQLE
KL%#+M+*_!3(!.$%'#/))*+&!6!.$:#(.()*+&!.$!%/%!
EOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
KiELWDWVODVREUHH[SORWDFLyQSRUODFDFHUtD\HOWUiE
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_2 "#$%$&'$! $&! ;(%! ÀFRLOHJDOGHORVQHRQDWRVFRPRPDVFRWDVVRQODV
)/$&)(%!.$!;(!=9(>-&*(!6!;(!P#*&-H/*(G!0&!;-%!.$E SULQFLSDOHVDPHQD]DV&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD
SDUWDPHQWRVGH$PD]RQDV&DTXHWi*XDLQtD0HWD =;9-&()*.!&.*#/;2!JKKOFG
3XWXPD\R9DXSpV \9LFKDGD &DVWDxR0RUD 4/$.(E=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPE
ELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
ELHQGHVDUUROODGDV(QORVDGXOWRVORVPDFKRVWLHQHQ
PD\RUWDPDxRTXHODVKHPEUDVVXSODVWUyQHVPiV
FyQFDYR\VXFRODHVPiVODUJD\JUXHVD&DVWDxR
0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
`a?&$+$_2 9LYH HQ ERVTXHV K~PHGRV WURSLFDOHV \
ERVTXHVFDGXFLIROLRV+DELWD~QLFDPHQWHDOLQWHULRU
GHORVERVTXHV\QXQFDSHQHWUDiUHDVDELHUWDVRGH
VDEDQD &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.*
#/G2!JKKOFG
49
Matamata, mata-mata,
tortuga fea, Matamata turtle
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDDFXiWLFDFDUQtYRE
UD GH DSDULHQFLD PX\ LQXVXDO \ H[WUDxD (V GH WDPDxR
JUDQGH SXGLHQGR DOFDQ]DU GH D FP GH ODUJR (O
FDSDUD]yQ HVWi FRQVWLWXLGR SRU HVFXGRV HOHYDGRV GH
IRUPDSLUDPLGDOFRQDQLOORVGHFUHFLPLHQWRELHQPDUFDE
GRVHVGHFRORUFDIpDFDQHODGR(OSODVWUyQHVGHFRORU
DPDULOORRFDIpDPDULOOHQWR/DFRORUDFLyQJHQHUDOGHOD
FDEH]DFXHOOR\H[WUHPLGDGHVHVGHFDIpDJULViFHRFRQ
Familia
Chelidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
+PMT][ÅUJZQI\][
(Schneider, 1783)
SUHVHQFLDGHDOJXQDVPDQFKDVQHJUDV/DFDEH]DHVODUJD
\DSODQDGDODERFDHVH[WUHPDGDPHQWHJUDQGHORVRMRV
VRQPX\SHTXHxRVHVWiQXELFDGRVHQODSDUWHDQWHULRU
GHODFDEH]D\HOKRFLFRHVFDUQRVRFLOtQGULFR\DODUJDE
.-2!$&!)/6-!$1'#$9-!%$!;-)(;*>(&!;(%!&(#*&(%G!"-%$$!/&!
)/$;;-!;(#:-!6!(&)A-2!$&!$;!)/(;!%$!$&)/$&'#(&!/&(!%$#*$!
GHH[FUHFHQFLDVGpUPLFDVGHIRUPD\FRQWRUQRLUUHJXE
ODUTXHVREUHVDOHQGHDPERVFRVWDGRVGHOFXHOORFX\D
50
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
Nombre común
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
IXQFLyQ HVWiFWLO\VHQVLWLYDDORVPRYLPLHQWRVGHO DJXD
'HWUiVGHORMR\VREUHHOWtPSDQRKD\XQDPSOLRDSpQGLFH
GpUPLFRTXHFRQÀHUHODIRUPDWULDQJXODUDODFDEH]D/DV
SDWDVVRQFRUWDVWRWDOPHQWHSDOPHDGDVFRQFLQFRJDUUDV
(;(#:(.(%!$&!;(%!$1'#$9*.(.$%!(&'$#*-#$%!6!)/('#-!$&!;(%!
H[WUHPLGDGHVSRVWHULRUHV/DFRODHVFRUWD\QRVREUHVDE
OHWDQWRGHOERUGHSRVWHULRUGHOFDSDUD]yQ(UQHVW&.*#/;2!
+DUYH\ &.* #/ 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/; 3ULWFKDUG
`a?&$+$_2(VXQDWRUWXJDEHQWyQLFDTXHYLYHHQFXHUSRV
GHDJXDVVRPHURVWXUELRV\OpQWLFRVSUHIHULEOHPHQWHHQ
UtRVGHSRFDFRUULHQWH\FDxRVODJXQDV\ERVTXHVLQXQGDE
EOHVFRQKRMDUDVFD\IRQGRVORGRVRV3HUPDQHFHVXPHUE
JLGD FDPXÁiQGRVH GHMDQGR SRU IXHUD GHO DJXD VROR OD
SXQWDGHODPRGLÀFDFLyQQDVDOHQIRUPDGHWXER&DVWDE
xR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;2!JKKOFG
!
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQRDPHE
QD]DGDSRUOD8,&1HLQFOXLGDHQODFDWHJRUtD3UHRFXSDE
FLyQ0HQRU/&DQLYHOPXQGLDO1RVHHQFXHQWUDHQORV
$SpQGLFHVGH&LWHV&DVWDxR0RUD0$9'7G
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/;$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH
+HUSHWRORJtD
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_3ULQFLSDOHVFXHQFDVGHOQRUWHGH
%ROLYLD RULHQWH GHO 3HU~ (FXDGRU RULHQWH GH &RORPELD
9HQH]XHOD ODV *XD\DQDV OD *X\DQD )UDQFHVD 6XULQDP
7ULQLGDG \ QRUWH \ FHQWUR GH %UDVLO (UQHVW &.* #/; &HEDOORV)RQVHFD&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OE
9-&()*.!&.*#/3ULWFKDUGGLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AA KL%#+M+*_2 6XV SULQFLSDOHV DPHQD]DV VRQ OD SpUGLGD \
IUDJPHQWDFLyQ GHO KiELWDW OD H[SORWDFLyQ FRPHUFLDO GH
BBB;"&3.0/&16#.#7#)&;2"4FG
MXYHQLOHV SDUD PDVFRWDV \ HO WUiÀFR LOHJDO HQ PHUFDGRV
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2"#$%$&'$!$&!;(!P#*&-H/*(! LQWHUQDFLRQDOHV/DpSRFDPiVYXOQHUDEOHHVODUHSURGXFE
6!;(!=9(>-&*(2!H/$!<(!.$%.$!$;!#@-!=9(>-&(%!6!P#*&-)-! '*<(2!;(!)/(;!)-*&)*.$!)-&!;-%!:#(&.$%!.$)-9*%-%!$!*&)(/E
KDVWDORVUtRV$UDXFD&DVDQDUH0HWD9LFKDGD,QtULGD3XE WDFLRQHVUHDOL]DGDVSRUODVDXWRULGDGHVDPELHQWDOHV&DVE
WXPD\R &DTXHWi 3DWtD9DXSpV \ 6LQ~ OOHJDQGR KDVWD HO WDxR0RUD0$9'7G5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;2!
SLHGHPRQWHGHODFRUGLOOHUD2ULHQWDO&HEDOORV)RQVHFD JKKOFG
&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
51
Charapita de aguajal, charapita de
cananguchal, hedionda, Gibba turtle
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_ 7RUWXJD DFXiWLFD
RPQtYRUD GH KiELWRV QRFWXUQRV VH DOLPHQWD GH
ODUYDVGHLQVHFWRVDFXiWLFRV\RWURVLQYHUWHEUDGRV
SHFHV UHQDFXDMRV \ PDWHULDO YHJHWDO 'H QR PiV
GHFPGHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQHVDQFKR\DFDPE
SDQDGRKDFLDORVODGRVGHFRORUFDIpHQORVMXYHE
QLOHVHOFDSDUD]yQWLHQHXQDFDUHQDRTXLOODPHGLD
Familia
Chelidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Mesoclemmys gibba
(Schweigger, 1812)
DVHUUDGD TXH GHVDSDUHFH HQ ORV DGXOWRV (O SODVE
WUyQHVFDIpFRQORVERUGHV\HOSXHQWHDPDULOORV
/DVUDQIRWHFDV\ODVUHJLRQHVODWHUDOHVGHODFDEH]D
VRQDPDULOODVFRQYHUPLFXODFLRQHVQHJUDV7LHQH
EDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRV/DVSDWDVVRQSDOPHDGDV
)-&!)*&)-!:(##(%!$&!;(%!$1'#$9*.(.$%!(&'$#*-#$%!6!
FXDWUR HQ ODV H[WUHPLGDGHV SRVWHULRUHV /RV PDE
52
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
Nombre común
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
FKRVWLHQHQODFRODPiVODUJDHQFRPSDUDFLyQFRQ xRVPRULFKDOHVFXHUSRVGHDJXDVQHJUDV\EODQFDV
ODV KHPEUDV 'XHOOPDQ (UQHVW &.* #/ GHO2ULHQWHDQGLQR5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
%DUULR$PRUyVÌxLJR1DUEDL]D
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_2(QHOVXURFFLGHQWHGH9HE
QH]XHOD HQ OD 6LHUUD 1HYDGD GH 0pULGD GHVGH OD
D/6(&(!A(%'(!$;!&-#-#*$&'$!.$!?#(%*;2!(;!-#*$&'$!.$;!
(FXDGRUFHQWUR\QRURULHQWHGH3HU~VXURULHQWH\
RULHQWH GH &RORPELD DVt FRPR HQ 3DUDJXD\ \7ULE
QLGDG (UQHVW &.* #/ 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/G2!
JKKOFG
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_2 "#$%$&'$! $&! ;(%!
FXHQFDVGHOD2ULQRTXLD9LFKDGD\$PD]RQLDFRE
ORPELDQDV(QORVGHSDUWDPHQWRVGH$PD]RQDV&DE
TXHWi&DVDQDUH*XDLQtD0HWD3XWXPD\R9DXSpV\
9LFKDGD0LWWHUPHWHU&.*#/5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORE
JtD
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQR
DPHQD]DGDSRUOD8,&1HLQFOXLGDHQODFDWHJRUtD
GH 3UHRFXSDFLyQ 0HQRU /& D QLYHO PXQGLDO 1R
HVWiHQORV$SpQGLFHVGH&LWHV5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/;$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORE
JtD,8&1
KL%#+M+*_(QJHQHUDOVXKHGRU\FRPSRUWDPLHQE
WRHYDVLYRDVtFRPRVXEDMDIUHFXHQFLDGHDSDULFLyQ
\ WDPDxR SHTXHxR OD KDFHQ SRFR VXVFHSWLEOH DO
ULHVJR DQWUySLFR SRU FRQVXPR 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/,8&1
`a?&$+$_23HTXHxRVUtRV\ODJRVGHERVTXHVOOXYLRE
VRV(QJHQHUDOYLYHHQFXHUSRVOpQWLFRVFRPRFDE
53
Huele feo, galápago sol, hedionda,
Amazon toad-headed turtle
Familia
Chelidae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLE
FD FDUQtYRUD GLXUQD VH DOLPHQWD GH DQLPDOHV GH
FRQWH[WXUDEODQGD'HWDPDxRPHGLDQRSXHGHDOE
FDQ]DUHQWUHORV\FPGHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQ
HVPX\DSODQDGRVLQTXLOODRFDUHQDFHQWUDOHVGH
)-;-#!&$:#-!6!;-%!$%)/.-%!9(#:*&(;$%!%-&!(9(#*E
OORVHQVXVXSHUÀFLHLQIHULRU/RVERUGHVODWHUDOHV
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Mesoclemmys heliostemma
(McCord, Joseph-Ouni & Lamar, 2001)
GHO FDSDUD]yQ HVWiQ OHYHPHQWH LQFOLQDGRV KDFLD
DUULED(OSODVWUyQ\HOSXHQWHVRQGHFRORUQHJUR
HQ OD SDUWH FHQWUDO \ DPDULOOR HQ OD SHULIHULD /D
FDEH]DHVODUJDDQFKD\UHGRQGDORVWtPSDQRVVRQ
QHJURV \ SRVHH EDUELFHORV PHQWRQLDQRV SHTXHE
xRV(QORVMXYHQLOHVODFDEH]DSRVHHGRVEDQGDV
ROtQHDVIDFLDOHVTXHYDQGHVGHHODPDULOORKDVWDHO
54
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
Nombre común
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
QDUDQMD \ VH RVFXUHFHQ HQ ORV HMHPSODUHV DGXOWRV
(OFXHOORWLHQHWXEpUFXORVGLPLQXWRV/DVSDWDVVRQ
SDOPHDGDVODVH[WUHPLGDGHVDQWHULRUHVVRQEODQFDV
\ODVSRVWHULRUHVVRQEODQFDV~QLFDPHQWHHQODUHE
:*+&!.-#%(;G!3-%!9()A-%!'*$&$&!;(!)-;(!9N%!;(#:(!H/$!
ODVKHPEUDV5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/%DUULR
$PRUyVÌxLJR1DUEDL]D
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQDPELHQWHVOpQWLFRVSRFRSURIXQE
GRV HQFRQWUiQGRVH HQ DUUR\RV SHTXHxRV GH ERVE
TXHVSUtVWLQRVFLpQDJDVPRULFKDOHVDJXDVQHJUDV\
EODQFDVGHORULHQWHGHORV$QGHV&LVQHURV+HUHGLD
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/%DUULR$PRUyV
ÌxLJR1DUEDL]D
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQR
DPHQD]DGDSRUOD8,&1QLLQFOXLGDHQORV$SpQGLE
FHVGH&LWHV5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/5KRGLQ
&.*#/;$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORE
JtD,8&1
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_27/$&)(!.$;!(;'-!=9(>-&(%!
GHVGH9HQH]XHODKDVWD3HU~,QFOX\HHOVXUYHQH]RE
ODQRHORFFLGHQWHGH%UDVLOHOQRURULHQWHSHUXDQR
HORULHQWHHFXDWRULDQR\HOVXURULHQWHFRORPELDQR
0F&RUG&.*#/6RX]D5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/%DUULR$PRUyVÌxLJR1DUEDL]D KL%#+M+*_2 7DQWR LQGLYLGXRV DGXOWRV FRPR QHRE
QDWRVQRSUHVHQWDQXQYDORUFRPHUFLDOVLJQLÀFDWLYR
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_!"#$%$&'$!$&!)/$&)(%! SRUORFXDOQRHVWiQEDMRXQDDPHQD]DGHWLSRDQE
DPD]yQLFDV\GHOD2ULQRTXLDLQFOX\HQGRHOSLHGHE WUySLFR5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/5KRGLQ&.*#/G2!
PRQWHOODQHUR(QORVGHSDUWDPHQWRVGH$PD]RQDV ,8&1
&DTXHWi*XDLQtD3XWXPD\R9DXSpV\9LFKDGD5XHE
.(E=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD
GH+HUSHWRORJtD
55
Cabezón, tartaruga arara, guacamayo
charapa, Big-headed amazon river turtle
Familia
Podocnemididae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_2 7RUWXJD GH UtR \
~QLFD HVSHFLH GHO JpQHUR 8&/.2$&3%#/-)G! 3-%! 9(E
FKRV DGXOWRV PLGHQ HQWUH \ FP GH ODUJR
QRREVWDQWHVHKDUHJLVWUDGRLQGLYLGXRVGHKDVWD
FPHQ&RORPELD(OFDSDUD]yQHVOLJHUDPHQWH
H[SDQGLGR SRVWHULRUPHQWH \ SXHGH YDULDU HQWUH
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Peltocephalus dumerilianus
(Schweigger, 1812)
ROLYDFDIpJULVQHJURRD]XORVFXUR(OSODVWUyQHV
GH FRORU DPDULOOR /D FDEH]D HV GH JUDQ WDPDxR
#$'#N)'*;2! &-#9(;9$&'$! .$! )-;-#! :#*%! /! -;*<(! 6! ;(!
PDQGtEXOD HV GH FRORU FDIp FODUR 3RVHH XQ VROR
EDUELFHOR PHQWRQLDQR /DV SDWDV VRQ SDOPHDGDV
3(%! $1'#$9*.(.$%! (&'$#*-#$%! '*$&$&! )*&)-! :(##(%!
56
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
Nombre común
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
\ ODV SRVWHULRUHV FXDWUR /DV KHPEUDV VRQ GH PHE
QRUWDPDxRTXHORVPDFKRV&DVWDxR0RUDD
&HEDOORV)RQVHFD&DVWDxR0RUD5XHE
.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/;%DUULR$PRUyVÌxLJR
1DUEDL]D
MDUDVFD &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.*
#/;2!JKKOFG
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_(VWiFDWDORJDGDFRPR9XOQHUDE
EOH98SRUOD8,&1DQLYHOPXQGLDO\QDFLRQDO\VH
HQFXHQWUDHQHO$SpQGLFH,,GH&LWHV&DVWDxR0RE
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 1%#%)+@_2 7/$&)(%! .$;!=9(>-&(%! 6! UD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ
2ULQRFR6XUDPpULFDGHVGHHOQRURULHQWHGH3HU~ &RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD,8&1
RULHQWHGH&RORPELD\(FXDGRURFFLGHQWHGH9HQHE
]XHODKDVWDODGHVHPERFDGXUDGHO$PD]RQDV)ULW] KL%#+M+*_2'HELGRDVXFDEH]DJUDQGHHVGHPXE
+DYDä5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
FKR LQWHUpV SDUD ORV FD]DGRUHV ORFDOHV \ HV XVDGD
SULQFLSDOPHQWH HQ HO FRPHUFLR LOHJDO &DVWDxR
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_! "#$%$&'$! $&! ;(%! 0RUDD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;%DUULR
)/$&)(%!.$!;-%!#@-%!P#*&-)-!6!=9(>-&(%!6!$&!;-%! $PRUyVÌxLJR1DUEDL]D
GHSDUWDPHQWRV GH $PD]RQDV &DTXHWi 9LFKDGD
*XDLQtD \ 3XWXPD\R &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD
=;9-&()*.! &.* #/; $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH
+HUSHWRORJtD
`a?&$+$_2 0X\ DEXQGDQWHV HQ PHDQGURV GH FDxRV
.$!(:/(%!&$:#(%!(%-)*(.(%!(!#$:*-&$%!%$;<N'*)(%G!"#$E
ÀHUHDQLGDUHQSOD\DVDUHQRVDVPH]FODGDVFRQKRE
57
Chipiro, chimpiro, irapuca,
Red headed sideneck
Familia
Podocnemididae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLE
FD8QDGHODVWRUWXJDVPiVSHTXHxDVGHOJpQHUR
8262$,&'0)SXHGHDOFDQ]DUFPGHODUJRDXQTXH
VX WDPDxR SURPHGLR HV FP (O FDSDUD]yQ HV
-<(;(.-! 6! $%'#$)A-! (&'$#*-#9$&'$2! )-&! /&(! H/*E
OOD R FDUHQD PHGLDO DQWHULRU SXHGH VHU GH FRORU
URMRFDIpRQHJUR(OSODVWUyQHVGHFRORUFUHPD
\HQDOJXQRVLQGLYLGXRVSXHGHVHUDPDULOORFDIpR
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Podocnemis erythrocephala
(Spix, 1824)
VRORDPDULOOR/DFDEH]DHVGHFRORUURMRRVFXUR
LQWHQVR\SRVHHXQDEDQGDROtQHDFHIiOLFDGHFRE
ORUQDUDQMDRKDEDQRQDUDQMDTXHVHH[WLHQGHGH
WtPSDQRDWtPSDQRDWUDYHVDQGRODUHJLyQSDULHWDO
(QODVFUtDV\MXYHQLOHVDGHPiVGHHVWDEDQGDODFDE
EH]DSRVHHYDULDVPDQFKDVEULOODQWHVGHFRORUURMR
RQDUDQMDTXHSXHGHQXELFDUVHVREUHODVQDULQDVD
ODGR\ODGRGHOVXUFRLQWHURUELWDOHQWUHORVRMRV
58
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
Nombre común
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
R SXHGHQ VHU XQD EDQGD D OR ODUJR GH OD UDQIRWHE
FDLQIHULRUUHJLyQPDQGLEXODU7LHQHEDUELFHORV
PHQWRQLDQRVFRUWRV/DVSDWDVVRQSDOPHDGDV/RV
PDFKRVUHWLHQHQSDUFLDOPHQWHODFRORUDFLyQFHIiOLFD
SUHVHQWHHQMXYHQLOHVPLHQWUDVTXHHQODVKHPEUDV
ODVPDQFKDVGHODFDEH]DVHGHVYDQHFHQRVHKDFHQ
QRWDEOHPHQWH PiV RVFXUDV /RV PDFKRV VRQ PiV
SHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDV\SRVHHQODFRODPiVODUE
JD0LWWHUPHLHU:LOVRQ6PLWK&DVE
WDxR0RUD)UDQNOLQ5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/%DUULR$PRUyVÌxLJR1DUEDL]D
GH$PD]RQDV9LFKDGD 3XWXPD\R &DTXHWi \ *XDLE
QtD&DVWDxR0RUDE&HEDOORV)RQVHFD
&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
`a?&$+$_2 9LYHQ HQ FRUULHQWHV GH DJXDV QHJUDV GH
ERVTXHV K~PHGRV GH VDEDQD \ FDxRV SHTXHxRV
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/; %DUULR$PRUyV ÌxLJR1DUDEL]D
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VWiFDWDORJDGDFRPR9XOQHUDE
EOH98SRUOD8,&1DQLYHOPXQGLDO\QDFLRQDO6H
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 1%#%)+@_2 7/$&)(! .$;!=9(>-&(%! .$! HQFXHQWUDHQHO$SpQGLFH,,GH&LWHV&DVWDxR0RE
&RORPELDRULHQWHGH(FXDGRUQRURULHQWHGH3HU~ UD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ
QRUWHGH%ROLYLDVXUGH9HQH]XHOD\%UDVLO3UHVHQWH &RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
HQ FXHQFDV GH9HQH]XHOD \ &RORPELD &XHQFDV GH
5tRV 1HJUR \ &DVLTXLDUH GH &RORPELD9HQH]XHOD KL%#+M+*_(QHVWDFLyQEDMDGDGRTXHHVWiFRQWLE
\ %UDVLO \ UtR ,QtULGD GH &RORPELD &DVWDxR0RUD :/(!(!N#$(%!.$!)-9/&*.(.$%!;-)(;$%2!$%!)(>(.(!)-9-!
E)UDQNOLQ)ULW]+DYDä5XHGD IXHQWH GH SURWHtQD$ HVWR VH OH VXPD OD FDSWXUD
=;9-&()*.!&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
GHMXYHQLOHVFRPRPDVFRWDV&DVWDxR0RUD
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_!"#$%$&'$!$&!;(!)/$&E
FD GHO 2ULQRFR 5HJLVWUDGD HQ ORV GHSDUWDPHQWRV
59
Charapa, arrau, warara,
South American river turtle
Familia
Podocnemididae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_2 7RUWXJD HVHQFLDOPHQWH
()/N'*)(G!7-&%/9$!:#(&!<(#*$.(.!.$!)-9*.(!*&);/6$&E
GRSODQWDVIUXWDVLQYHUWHEUDGRVGHPRYLPLHQWROHQWR
\ FDUURxD HV SULQFLSDOPHQWH KHUEtYRUD FXDQGR HVWi
$&!$%'(.*-%!9(./#-%G!0%!;(!'-#'/:(!.$!(:/(!./;)$!9N%!
JUDQGH GH 6XUDPpULFD \ XQD GH ODV PiV JUDQGHV GHO
PXQGR SXHV DOFDQ]D XQ WDPDxR Pi[LPR GH FP
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Podocnemis expansa
(Schweigger, 1812)
VLHQGRHOOtPLWHVXSHULRUHQWUHODVWRUWXJDVGHOJpQHUR
8262$,&'0)(OFDSDUD]yQHVPDQFKDGRKDFLDODSDUWH
SRVWHULRUGHIRUPDRYDODGDDQFKR\SODQRH[SDQGLGR
SRVWHULRUPHQWH HQ ORV PDFKRV GH FRORUDFLyQ ROLYiE
FHDRVFXUDJULVRFDIp(OSODVWUyQHVDPDULOOR\PiV
DPSOLRHQODSDUWHDQWHULRU/DFDEH]DHVDQFKDJULVR
FDIpFRQXQKRFLFRDODUJDGR\WLHQHPDUFDVDPDULOODV
60
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
Nombre común
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
FRQXQDSHFDRVFXUDFHQWUDODVtFRPRYDULDVPDQFKDV
GHOPLVPRFRORUXELFDGDVHQODVUDQIRWHFDV\HQWUHORV
RMRVUHJLyQLQWHURUELWDO/DPD\RUtDWLHQHEDUELFHORV
PHQWRQLDQRV/DVSDWDVVRQFRPSOHWDPHQWHSDOPHDGDV
/RVPDFKRVVRQPiVSHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDV&DVWDE
xR0RUD)UDQNOLQ5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!
%DUULR$PRUyV ÌxLJR1DUEDL]D GLVSRQLE
EOHHQ%..3@AAF03$26&F22;$2'FG
=;9-&()*.!&.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUE
SHWRORJtD
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 1%#%)+@_2 6XUDPpULFD %UDVLO &RORPELD
9HQH]XHOD6HHQFXHQWUDHQHO2ULQRFR\HQODVFXHQE
FDVGHOUtR$PD]RQDVHQ&RORPELD9HQH]XHOD*XD\DQD
RULHQWHGH(FXDGRUQRURULHQWHGH3HU~QRUWHGH%UDVLO
\QRUWHGH%ROLYLD7DPELpQKDVLGRUHSRUWDGDHQ7ULQLE
GDG GHVSXpV GHO GHVERUGDPLHQWR GHO UtR 2ULQRFR 6H
$&)/$&'#(!$&!;(!9(6-#@(!.$!#@-%!:#(&.$%!6!;(:-%!(%-)*(E
GRV DO$PD]RQDV \ DO 2ULQRFR &DVWDxR0RUD D
9DOHQ]XHOD 9DOHQ]XHOD )ULW] 5XHGD
=;9-&()*.!&.*#/%DUULR$PRUyV
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_26HHQFXHQWUDFDWDORJDGDFRPR&DVL
$PHQD]DGD17DQLYHOPXQGLDOSRUOD8,&1/DVSRE
EODFLRQHVGHOD2ULQRTXLDGH&RORPELDVHHQFXHQWUDQ
FDWDORJDGDV(Q3HOLJUR&UtWLFR&5\ODVGHOD$PD]RQLD
(Q3HOLJUR(1(VWiLQFOXLGDHQHO$SpQGLFH,,GH&LWHV
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/%DUULR$PRUyVÌxLJR
1DUEDL]D$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORE
JtD,8&1
!
KL%#+M+*_2 7DQWRDGXOWRVFRPRQHRQDWRVVRQFRQE
%/9*.-%! 6! ;(! :#(%(! .$! ;-%! A/$<-%! $%! $1'#(@.(! 6! <$&E
GLGD SDUD FRFLQD R OiPSDUDV GH FRPEXVWLEOH 6RPHWLE
.(!(!)-9$#)*-!*;$:(;G!7-&%*.$#(.(!/&(!.$!;(%!'-#'/:(%!
PiVDSHWHFLGDVSRUORVFD]DGRUHVMXQWRFRQ8262$,&'0)*
XQLÀOLV5HEHOR3H]]XWWL)UDQNOLQ5XHGD
=;9-&()*.!&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_!"#$%$&'$!$&!)/$&)(%!.$;!
$PD]RQDV \ 2ULQRFR 3UHVHQWH HQ ORV GHSDUWDPHQWRV
.$!=9(>-&(%2!=#(/)(2!7(H/$'N2!7(%(&(#$2!D/(*&@(2!M$'(2!
3XWXPD\R9DXSpV\9LFKDGD&DVWDxR9DOHQ]XHOD
&.* #/ 9DOHQ]XHOD 9DOHQ]XHOD 5XHGD
`a?&$+$_2 9LYH HVHQFLDOPHQWH HQ VLVWHPDV GH DJXDV
EODQFDV \ QHJUDV 6LQ HPEDUJR VH GHVSOD]D ORFDOPHQWH
HQWUH KiELWDWV GXUDQWH VX GHVDUUROOR GHSHQGLHQGR GH
ODVHVWDFLRQHVFOLPiWLFDV5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
%DUULR$PRUyVÌxLJR1DUEDL]D
61
Taracayá, taricay, terecay,
Yellow-spotted side-neck
Familia
Podocnemididae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDDFXiWLFDRPQtYRE
UDVHDOLPHQWDHVSHFLDOPHQWHGHKXHYRVGHSHFHVPRE
OXVFRV FUXVWiFHRV \ WRGR WLSR GH PDWHULDO YHJHWDO 'H
WDPDxRPHGLDQRSXHGHDOFDQ]DUORVFPGHODUJR(O
FDSDUD]yQHVGHIRUPDHOLSVRLGDOGHFRORUFDVWDxRRVE
FXUR R QHJUR HQVDQFKDGR HQ OD SDUWH SRVWHULRU \ FRQ
/&(!H/*;;(!9$.*(!(;:-!(%$##(.(!(;!9$&-%!$&!;-%!5/<$&*;$%G!
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
8WLWKVMUQ[]VQÅTQ[
(Troschel, 1848)
(OSODVWUyQSUHVHQWDXQDPXHVFDHQORVHVFXGRVDQDOHV
\HVGHFRORUJULViFHRRDPDULOORFRQQHJUR/DVSDUWHV
GRUVDO\ODWHUDOGHODFDEH]DVRQGHFRORUFDIpURML]RD
JULVRVFXUR\ODSDUWHYHQWUDOHVGHFRORUJULViFHREODQE
FRRDPDULOORHQHOFDVRGHODVKHPEUDV/DFDEH]DGH
FUtDV\PDFKRVWLHQHGRVPDQFKDVUHGRQGHDGDVVLQSHFD
FHQWUDO\GHFRORUDPDULOOR/DVPDQFKDVVHGLVWULEX\HQ
62
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
Nombre común
AMAZONIA - ORINOQUIA
GHODVLJXLHQWHPDQHUDXQDVREUHFDGDERUGHODWHUDOGH
ODHVFDPDLQWHUSDULHWDOXQDVREUHHOH[WUHPRGHOURVWUR
XQDVREUHHOWtPSDQR\GRVVREUHODUDQIRWHFDVXSHULRU
UHJLyQPD[LODUHVWDVPDQFKDVVRORVRQUHWHQLGDVSRUORV
PDFKRVDGXOWRV\VHGHVYDQHFHQHQODVKHPEUDVPDGXUDV
7LHQH D EDUELFHORV PHQWRQLDQRV /DV SDWDV VRQ SDOE
PHDGDV/RVPDFKRVVRQPiVSHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDV
\DGHPiVHVWRVWLHQHQODFRODPiVJUDQGH\JUXHVD(UQHVW
&.*#/&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!
JKKOFG
`a?&$+$_2 9LYH HQ ODV DUWHULDV GH JUDQGHV UtRV \ DJXDV
DELHUWDVGHODJRVRYHJHWDFLyQFLUFXQGDQWHHVSHFLDOPHQWH
ORV MXYHQLOHV 2FXSDQ ORV UtRV GXUDQWH OD WHPSRUDGD GH
DQLGDPLHQWR &LVQHURV+HUHGLD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/G2!JKKOFG!
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFDWDORJDGDFRPR9XOQHUDEOH
98DQLYHOPXQGLDOSRUOD,8&1$QLYHOQDFLRQDOHQOD
$PD]RQLDHVWiFDWDORJDGD(Q3HOLJUR(1HQOD$PD]RE
QLD \ HQ OD 2ULQRTXLD (Q 3HOLJUR &UtWLFR &5 ,QFOXLGD
HQHO$SpQGLFH,,GH&LWHV&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 1%#%)+@_2 0&! ;(%! )/$&)(%! .$! ;(! P#*&-H/*(! =;9-&()*.!&.*#/&RQZD\*yPH]$VRFLDFLyQ
\OD$PD]RQLDHQ&RORPELDHOVXUYHQH]RODQR\GH%UDE &RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD,8&1
VLOHOQRUWHGH%ROLYLDQRURULHQWHGH3HU~\ORVGUHQDMHV
FDULEHxRV GH ODV *X\DQDV )ULW] +DYDä 5XHGD KL%#+M+*_(VWDHVSHFLHHVFRQVLGHUDGDXQDOLPHQWRLPE
SRUWDQWH HQ OD GLHWD GH DOJXQDV FRPXQLGDGHV D OR ODUJR
=;9-&()*.!&.*#/)HUURQDWR&.*#/
GHWRGDVXGLVWULEXFLyQ(Q%ROLYLDSRUHMHPSORKDFHSDUE
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_ 3UHVHQWH HQ FXHUSRV GH WHGHXQRGHORVSODWRVPiVDSHWHFLGRVHQFHOHEUDFLRQHV
DJXDEODQFDHQOD$PD]RQLDHQORVVLVWHPDVGHDJXDEODQE &()*-&(;$%!6!$&!$;!)-9$#)*-G!0&!0)/(.-#!%$!A(!#$:*%'#(.-!
FDGHO*XD\DEHUR&DJXiQ\HOEDMR0LULWt3DUDQi7DPELpQ JUDQDFWLYLGDGGHH[WUDFFLyQLOtFLWDGHELGRDODULTXH]DQXE
HQ ODVFXHQFDVGHORV/ODQRV2ULHQWDOHV HQ ORVGHSDUWDE WULFLRQDOGHVXFDUQH\KXHYRV3RURWURODGRGHELGRDODV
9$&'-%!.$!=9(>-&(%2!=#(/)(2!7(H/$'N2!7(%(&(#$2!D/(*&@(2! PDUFDV FHIiOLFDV VREUHVDOLHQWHV GH ODV FUtDV HVWDV KDFHQ
*XDYLDUH 0HWD 3XWXPD\R9DXSpV \9LFKDGD &DVWDxR SDUWH GH OD YHQWD FRPR PDVFRWDV &DVWDxR0RUD 0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ&RE 4/$.(E=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ &RQZD\*yPH] ORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
,8&1
63
Nombre común
Chelidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Mesoclemmys raniceps
(Gray, 1856)
AMAZONIA
Charapa, jará, charapita de aguajal,
Amazon toad-headed turtle
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDDFXiWLFDFDUE
QtYRUD \ QRFWXUQD VH DOLPHQWD SULQFLSDOPHQWH GH
LQVHFWRV ORPEULFHV UDQDV \ SHFHV (V GH WDPDxR
JUDQGH(OFDSDUD]yQWLHQH XQDORQJLWXG WRWDOSURE
PHGLRGHFP(VRYDODGRSODQRFDVLOLVRSRVHH
/&(!H/*;;(!-!)(#$&(!)$&'#(;!$&!5/<$&*;$%!6!$%!.$!)-;-#!
QHJUR(OSODVWUyQHVFyQFDYRGHFRORUFDIpRVFXUR
FRQORVERUGHVDPDULOORV/DFDEH]DHVSURPLQHQWH
FRQODSDUWHYHQWUDODPDULOOD\ODVHVFDPDVGHFRORU
FDIpRVFXUR7LHQHEDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRVODUJRV
\HOFXHOORSUHVHQWDSURWXEHUDQFLDVSXQWLDJXGDV/DV
SDWDV VRQ FRPSOHWDPHQWH SDOPHDGDV WLHQHQ FLQFR
:(##(%!$&!;(%!$1'#$9*.(.$%!(&'$#*-#$%!6!%-;-!)/('#-!
HQ ODV SRVWHULRUHV /RV PDFKRV WLHQHQ OD FDEH]D \
64
AMAZONIA
HOFXHUSRPiVUHGXFLGRTXHHOGHODVKHPEUDVHQ
HVWRVODORQJLWXGGHODFRODHVPD\RU\HOSODVWUyQHV
9N%!)+&)(<-!6!$%)-'(.-!)$#)(!(!;-%!$%)/.-%!(&(;$%!
(UQHVW&.*#/5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQDPELHQWHVOpQWLFRVSRFRSURIXQE
GRV FDxRV DUUR\RV \ UtRV GH ERVTXH SUtVWLQR (Q
LQYLHUQRKDELWDODVHOYDLQXQGDGD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_!P#*$&'$!.$!0)/(.-#!$&!;(%!
SURYLQFLDVGH6XFXPEtRV\2UHOODQD3HU~/RUHWR
0DGUHGH'LRV3DVFR\8FD\DOLQRUWHGH%ROLYLD
QRUWHGH %UDVLO$FUH0DWR*URVVR 3DUi5RQGRE
QLD5RUDLPDVXUGH9HQH]XHOD\&RORPELD%RXU
=DKHU)ULW]+DYDä5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
8&*$+2 9":+2 2 ;2 !&$%*_ (VSHFLH FRQVLGHUDGD FRPR
QR DPHQD]DGD SRU OD 8,&1 H LQFOXLGD HQ OD FDWHE
JRUtDGH3UHRFXSDFLyQ0HQRU/&DQLYHOPXQGLDO
1R HVWi LQFOXLGD HQ ORV$SpQGLFHV GH &LWHV )ULW]
+DYDä5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/$VRE
FLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD,8&1
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_2 "#$%$&'$! $&! ;-%!
GHSDUWDPHQWRV GH $PD]RQDV &DTXHWi *XDLQtD
3XWXPD\R \9DXSpV )ULW] +DYDä 5XHGD
=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH
+HUSHWRORJtD
KL%#+M+*_23-%!*&.*<*./-%!(./;'-%!6!&$-&('-%!&-!
%-&!)-9$#)*(;*>(.-%2!(/&H/$!%/!)(#&$!$%!)-&%/9*.(!
FRQEDMDIUHFXHQFLDHQHO3HU~)ULW]+DYDä
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/,8&1
65
Nombre común
Chelidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Phrynops geoffroanus
(Schweigger, 1812)
AMAZONIA
Bachala, teparo, charapa,
Schweigger´s side-necked turtle
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDDFXiWLFDFDUE
QtYRUDGLXUQDVHDOLPHQWDSUHIHUHQFLDOPHQWHGHLQE
VHFWRV\RWURVLQYHUWHEUDGRVDFXiWLFRV\SHFHV(O
FDSDUD]yQSXHGHDOFDQ]DUKDVWDFPGHODUJRHV
RYDODGR \ DSODQDGR QHJUR R FDIp RVFXUR XQ SRFR
PiV DOWR HQ OD SDUWH LQPHGLDWDPHQWH SRVWHULRU D
OD PLWDG GHO FXHUSR FRQ TXLOOD R FDUHQD YHUWHEUDO
\FRPSOHWDPHQWHOLVRHQHOPDUJHQ(OSODVWUyQHV
DQFKR\GHFRORUDPDULOORRVFXUR/DFDEH]DHVPX\
SHTXHxD \ DQJRVWD \ SUHVHQWD SHTXHxDV HVFDPDV
*##$:/;(#$%! 6! %/%! #$:*-&$%! .-#%(;! 6! ;('$#(;! %-&! .$!
FRORUJULVROLYD$ORVODGRVGHODFDEH]D\HOFXHOOR
SUHVHQWD OtQHDV DOWHUQDGDV EODQFDV \ QHJUDV7LHQH
EDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRV(QORVMXYHQLOHVWDQWRHO
SODVWUyQFRPRHOODGRLQIHULRUGHORVHVFXGRVPDUE
:*&(;$%!6!;(!:(#:(&'(!%-&!.$!)-;-#!#-5-!)-&!9(#)(%!
66
AMAZONIA
QHJUDV HVWDV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV VRQ FODYHV SDUD LGHQE
WLÀFDU D OD HVSHFLH HQ ORV HVWDGLRV LQPDGXURV /DV
SDWDVVRQSDOPHDGDVFRQFLQFRJDUUDVHQODVH[WUHE
PLGDGHVDQWHULRUHV\FXDWURHQODVSRVWHULRUHV/RV
PDFKRVVRQPiVSHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDVGHFROD
PiVODUJD\JUXHVD\SUHVHQWDQXQDPD\RUGLVWDQFLD
FORDFDO(UQHVW&.*#/5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!
JKKOFG
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQUtRVODJRV\ODJXQDVOpQWLFRVFRQ
PXFKDYHJHWDFLyQSUHVHQWHVHQERVTXHVGHJDOHUtD
6!$&!(:/(%!)-&'(9*&(.(%!$&!)$#)(&@(!(!9$.*-%!/#E
EDQRV(UQHVW&.*#/5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!
JKKOFG
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_26HFRQVLGHUDFRPRQRDPHE
QD]DGDHLQFOXLGDHQODFDWHJRUtDGH3UHRFXSDFLyQ
0HQRU /& D QLYHO PXQGLDO 1R VH HQFXHQWUD HQ
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 1%#%)+@_2 4$:*-&$%! &-#-))*.$&'(;$%! ORV$SpQGLFHVGH&LWHV(UQHVW&.*#/5XHGD
\ FHQWUDOHV GH 6XUDPpULFD GHVGH HO VXURULHQWH GH =;9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH
&RORPELD\3HU~%ROLYLD3DUDJXD\HOVXU\RFFLGHQE +HUSHWRORJtD,8&1
WHGH%UDVLOHOQRUWHGH$UJHQWLQD\8UXJXD\%DOGR
&.*#/)ULW]+DYDä5XHGD$OPRQDFLG KL%#+M+*_2 1R VH SUHVHQWDQ PD\RUHV DPHQD]DV
SDUDHVWDHVSHFLH6LQHPEDUJRHQODWULEX'HVDQD
&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
GHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGHO9DXSpVHVFRQVLGHUDGDFRPR
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2"#$%$&'$!$&!;(!#$:*+&! XQHOHPHQWRPiJLFR\KDFHSDUWHGHORVULWXDOHVVDE
$PD]yQLFD\HQOD2ULQRTXLD(QORVGHSDUWDPHQE JUDGRVSHURVXFDUQHHVSRFRFRQVXPLGD(UQHVW&.*
'-%!.$!=9(>-&(%2!7(H/$'N2!7(%(&(#$2!D/(*&@(2!M$'(2! #/5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/,8&1
3XWXPD\R9DXSpV \9LFKDGD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.*
#/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH +HUSHWRORJtD
67
Nombre común
Chelidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Platemys platycephala
(Schneider, 1792)
AMAZONIA
Charapita de altura, charapita, charapita
de aguajal, Lala twist-necked turtle
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLFD
'HWDPDxRSHTXHxRDOFDQ]DFPHQHOFDVRGH
ORV PDFKRV DGXOWRV \ FP HQ ODV KHPEUDV (O
FDSDUD]yQ HV HOtSWLFR DSODQDGR GH FRORU FDIp FRQ
SLJPHQWDFLyQDPDULOOD\HVWiDWUDYHVDGRSRUXQVXUE
FR SURIXQGR ORQJLWXGLQDO D OR ODUJR GH WRGRV ORV
HVFXGRVYHUWHEUDOHVGHOLPLWDGRVSRUGRVTXLOODVR
FDUHQDVODWHUDOHVPX\ELHQPDUFDGDV/DFDEH]DHV
SODQDFRQODUHJLyQGRUVDOGHFRORUDPDULOORQDUDQE
MD(OFXHOORWLHQHQXPHURVRVWXEpUFXORVFyQLFRV\
HVWiERUGHDGRDODGR\ODGRSRUXQDDQFKDEDQGD
DPDULOOD3RVHHEDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRV/DVSDWDV
68
AMAZONIA
VRQHVFDVDPHQWHSDOPHDGDVFRQFLQFRJDUUDVHQODV
H[WUHPLGDGHVDQWHULRUHV\FXDWURHQODVSRVWHULRE
UHV7LHQHXQDFRODFRUWDGHFRORUQHJUR/RVPDE
FKRVVRQPiVJUDQGHVTXHODVKHPEUDV\HQHVWDVHO
H[WUHPRSRVWHULRUGHOSODVWUyQHVWiGREODGRKDFLD
DUULED5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/%DUULR$PRE
UyVÌxLJR1DUEDL]D
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQiUHDVUHODWLYDPHQWHSRFRKDELWDE
GDV 'DGR VX WDPDxR SHTXHxR IUHFXHQWD FXHUSRV
GHDJXDSRFRSURIXQGRVFRPRSDQWDQRV&DVWDxR
0RUDD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQR
DPHQD]DGDSRUOD8,&1HLQFOXLGDHQODFDWHJRUtD
GH 3UHRFXSDFLyQ 0HQRU /& D QLYHO PXQGLDO 1R
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 1%#%)+@_2 6H HQFXHQWUD HQ HO QRURE HVWi LQFOXLGD HQ ORV $SpQGLFHV GH &LWHV 5XHGD
ULHQWHGH6XUDPpULFDHQODVFXHQFDVGHO&DULEHGH =;9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH
9HQH]XHOD \ ODV *XD\DQDV \ HQ HO$PD]RQDV WDPE +HUSHWRORJtD,8&1
ELpQ HVWi SUHVHQWH HQ ODV SDUWHV DOWDV GH ORV UtRV
3XUXV-XUXi<DYDUL\3XWXPD\R)ULW]+DYDä KL%#+M+*_2 1R HV PX\ DSHWHFLGD SDUD FRQVXPR
KXPDQRQLSHUVHJXLGDSDUDHOPHUFDGRGHPDVFRE
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
WDV5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/,8&1
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_26HHQFXHQWUDSULQFLE
SDOPHQWHHQHOVXURULHQWHHQODFXHQFDGHO$PD]RE
QDV (Q ORV GHSDUWDPHQWRV GH$PD]RQDV &DTXHWi
3XWXPD\R9LFKDGD\9DXSpV&DVWDxR0RUDD
&HEDOORV)RQVHFD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/G2!
$VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH +HUSHWRORJtD
69
Nombre común
Familia
Chelidae
:PQVMUa[Z]ÅXM[
(Spix, 1824)
AMAZONIA
Tortuga achiote, tortuga de cabeza roja,
Cágado vermelho, Red-footed sideneck turtle
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDRPQtYRUDGH
KiELWRVQRFWXUQRVFRQXQDORQJLWXGDSUR[LPDGDGH
FP(OFDSDUD]yQHVGHFRORUJULVRVFXURRFDIp
RVFXUR(OSODVWUyQHVDPDULOOR/DFDEH]DFXHOOR\
$1'#$9*.(.$%!%-&!.$!)-;-#!#-5-2!;-!)/(;!$%!)(#()'$E
UtVWLFRSDUDODLGHQWLÀFDFLyQGHODHVSHFLH/DFDEH]D
HV SHTXHxD \ DQJRVWD FRQ QDULQDV SURPLQHQWHV \
SRVHH XQD EDQGD GH FRORU QHJUR TXH YD GHVGH HO
$1'#$9-! .$;! A-)*)-! A(%'(! $;! )/$;;-! 6! ('#(<*$%(! $;!
RMR\HOWtPSDQR\RWUDEDQGDQHJUDHQWUHODVRUELE
WDV3UHVHQWDEDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRVFRUWRV/DV
SDWDV VRQ SDOPHDGDV FRQ FLQFR JDUUDV HQ ODV H[E
70
AMAZONIA
WUHPLGDGHVDQWHULRUHV\SRUORJHQHUDOWUHVHQODV
SRVWHULRUHV/RVPDFKRVVRQPiVSHTXHxRVTXHODV
KHPEUDV\HQHVWRVODFRODHVPiVODUJD\JUXHVD\HO
SODVWUyQHVFyQFDYR0F&RUG&.*#/&DVWDxR
0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ 5XL] &.*
#/;GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
R HVFRQGLGD HQ OD KRMDUDVFD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.*
#/5XL]&.*#/GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;
.&).-60,&);2"4F
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_6HHQFXHQWUDHQODFDWHJRUtD
3UHRFXSDFLyQ0HQRU/&DQLYHOPXQGLDO\FRPR
&DVL$PHQD]DGD17DQLYHOQDFLRQDOSRUOD8,&1
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_6XUGH&RORPELD\QRUWH 1RHVWiLQFOXLGDHQORV$SpQGLFHVGH&LWHV&DVWDE
GH%UDVLO5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
xR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/5XL]
&.* #/ (VWUDGD*RQ]iOH] &.* #/ $VRFLDE
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_2 "#$%$&'$! $&! ;(%! #$E FLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
:*-&$%!.$!;(!=9(>-&*(!6!$;!$%)/.-!D/6(&C%!6!$&!;(%!
FXHQFDVEDMDVGHORVUtRV$SDSRULV3LUi3DUDQi\3DE KL%#+M+*_2 3RU VX GLVWULEXFLyQ UHVWULQJLGD EDMDV
SXULGHO$PD]RQDV(QORVGHSDUWDPHQWRVGH$PDE GHQVLGDGHV SREODFLRQDOHV \ UHTXHULPLHQWRV GH KiE
]RQDV *XDLQtD \9DXSpV %DUWOHWW %DWOHWW ELWDWWLHQGHDYHUVHDIHFWDGDSRUODVDFWLYLGDGHVDQE
6RX]D)ULW]+DYDä5XHGD$OPRQDFLG WUySLFDV6XVSULQFLSDOHVDPHQD]DVVRQHOFRQVXPR
&.*#/$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORE GHKXHYRV\ODFRPHUFLDOL]DFLyQSRUORVSREODGRUHV
JtD
DPD]yQLFRV &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDE
)*.!&.*#/5XL]&.*#/;(VWUDGD*RQ]iOH]
`a?&$+$_29LYHH[FOXVLYDPHQWHHQDUUR\RVERVFRVRV &.*#/G2!JKKLFG
RUtRVGHDJXDVSRFRSURIXQGDV(VWDHVSHFLHHVPX\
UDUD\DTXHSDVDHOWLHPSRVXPHUJLGDHQHOIRQGR
71
Nombre común
Podocnemidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Podocnemis sextuberculata
(Cornalia, 1849)
AMAZONIA
Cupiso, iaçá, pitiú,
Six-tubercled Amazon river turtle
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_7RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLFD
TXHDOFDQ]DXQDORQJLWXGPi[LPDGHFPVLHQGR
XQD GH ODV WRUWXJDV PiV SHTXHxDV GHO JpQHUR 821
62$,&'0) (O FDSDUD]yQ HV FRQYH[R \ HQ IRUPD GH
GRPR GHSULPLGR DPSOLR KDFLD OD PLWDG SRVWHULRU
GHFRORUJULVFDIpXROLYDDPDULOORFRQXQDTXLOODR
FDUHQDVREUHHOVHJXQGR\WHUFHUHVFXGRYHUWHEUDO
(OSODVWUyQHVGHFRORUDPDULOOHQWRRFDIpJULViFHR
FRQWXEpUFXORVFDUDFWHUtVWLFRVELHQGHVDUUROODGRV
TXHGHVDSDUHFHQFRQODHGDGDXQTXHHQORVDGXOWRV
72
AMAZONIA
VRORVRQYLVLEOHV\HVWiQXELFDGRVVREUHORVHVFXE
GRVSHFWRUDOHV7LHQHXQEDUELFHORPHQWRQLDQRFRUE
WR\JUXHVRDOJXQDVYHFHVSXHGHSUHVHQWDU/RV
PDFKRV VRQ PiV SHTXHxRV TXH ODV KHPEUDV \ HQ
HVWRVODFRODHVPiVODUJD\JUXHVD&DVWDxR0RUD
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQFDxRVPDGUHYLHMDV\UtRVJUDQGHV
GHDJXDVEODQFDVODJXQDVUHEDOVHV\iUHDVGHLQXQE
GDFLyQFXELHUWDVSRUVHOYD5HEHOR3H]]XWWL
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/;2!JKKOFG!
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_26HHQFXHQWUDFDWDORJDGDFRPR
9XOQHUDEOH 98 D QLYHO PXQGLDO \ QDFLRQDO SRU OD
8,&1 ,QFOXLGD HQ HO$SpQGLFH ,, GH &LWHV 6PLWK
&DVWDxR0RUD D 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.*
#/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH +HUSHWRORJtD
,8&1
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_(Q&RORPELD%UDVLO\3HU~
8$%.$! ;(!=9(>-&*(! -#*$&'(;! 6! $;! %/#-#*$&'$! .$! ;(!
7/$&)(!.$;!=9(>-&(%!A(%'(!$;!&-#'$!.$!?#(%*;2!%/E
URULHQWHGH&RORPELD\QRURULHQWHGH3HU~6RLQL
5HEHOR3H]]XWWL5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*
KL%#+M+*_ 6X SULQFLSDO DPHQD]D HV OD UHFROHFE
#/;2!JKKOFG
FLyQGHKXHYRV\DGXOWRVSRUFRPXQLGDGHVORFDOHV
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2"#$%$&'$!$&!;(!)/$&E SDUDHOFRPHUFLRLOHJDO6PLWK&DVWDxR0RUD
FDGHO$PD]RQDV\ODVFXHQFDVEDMDVGHORVUtRV$PDE D*DUFtD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
]RQDV&DTXHWi\3XWXPD\R(QORVGHSDUWDPHQWRV ,8&1
GH$PD]RQDV\9DXSpV&DVWDxR0RUDD&HE
EDOORV)RQVHFD &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD
=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH
+HUSHWRORJtD
73
Tortuga nariguda, palmera,
Cabeza pintada, Colombian wood turtle
Familia
Geoemydidae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLE
FDGHDSUR[LPDGDPHQWHFPGHODUJR(OFDSDUDE
>+&!$%!-<(;(.-2!9N%!(;'-!$&!;(!>-&(!.$;(&'$#(2!.$!
FRORUQHJURQRWLHQHXQDTXLOODPX\GHVDUUROODGD
\ODVXSHUÀFLHHVDUUXJDGD(OSODVWUyQHVGHFRORU
FDIpRVFXURFRQORVERUGHV\FLVXUDVDPDULOODV/D
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Rhinoclemmys melanosterna
(Gray, 1861)
FDEH]DHVSHTXHxDQHJUD\SUHVHQWDXQDOtQHDTXH
YDGHVGHHODPDULOORYHUGRVRDOURMRQDUDQMDHVWD
SXHGHVHUFRQWLQXDRGLVFRQWLQXDGHVGHDQWHVGH
ORV RMRV SDVDQGR HQFLPD GH HOORV KDVWD XQ SRFR
DQWHV GHO FXHOOR WDPELpQ VH SXHGH SUHVHQWDU GH
IRUPDUHGXFLGDVREUHHOWtPSDQRHLQFOXVRVHUWDQ
74
AMPLIA DISTRIBUCIÓN
Nombre común
AMPLIA DISTRIBUCIÓN
VRORGRVSHTXHxDVPDQFKDVGHOPLVPRFRORUHQOD
UHJLyQ SDULHWDO (Q RFDVLRQHV OD UDQIRWHFD LQIHULRU
UHJLyQ PDQGLEXODU SUHVHQWD PDQFKDV QHJUDV (O
LULVHVDPDULOORREODQFRDYHFHVFRQXQDUD\DQHJUD
ORQJLWXGLQDOFUX]DQGRODSXSLOD/DQDUL]HVSXQWLDJXE
GD/DVSDWDVVRQSDOPHDGDVDPDULOORRFUHRQDUDQE
5(!)-&!&/9$#-%(%!9(&)A(%!&$:#/>)(%G!3-%!9()A-%!
VRQPiVSHTXHxRVTXHODVKHPEUDVHVWRVWLHQHQHO
FDSDUD]yQPiVDSODQDGR\ODFRODPiVODUJD&DVWDE
xR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ 6,%
!
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_2'HVGHOD&RVWD&DULEHGHO
%/#-#*$&'$! .$! "(&(9N! A(%'(! $;! &-#-))*.$&'$! .$;!
(FXDGRU5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_2 6H GLVWULEX\H D OR
ODUJRGHOD5HJLyQ3DFtÀFDHQOD]RQDRFFLGHQWDO\
FHQWUDOGHO&DULEH\HQHOUtR0DJGDOHQDGHVGH/HE
EULMDKDVWD6DQWDQGHU3UHVHQWHHQORVGHSDUWDPHQE
'-%!.$!=&'*-H/*(2!=';N&'*)-2!?-;@<(#2!?-6()N2!7(;.(%2!
&DXFD &HVDU &KRFy &yUGRED &XQGLQDPDUFD /D
*XDMLUD0DJGDOHQD1DULxR6DQWDQGHU6XFUH\9DOOH
GHO &DXFD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ $VRFLDE
FLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD6,%
`a?&$+$_2(VXQDWRUWXJDDFXiWLFDSHURVHHQFXHQE
WUDFRQUHJXODULGDGIXHUDGHODJXD(QJHQHUDOHVWi
HQDJXDVFRQSRFDRQLQJXQDFRUULHQWHGHQWURGHO
ERVTXH\SUHÀHUHODV]RQDVSDQWDQRVDVFRQPXFKR
SDVWR&DVWDxR0RUD6,%
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQR
DPHQD]DGDSRUOD8,&1HLQFOXLGDHQODFDWHJRUtD
3UHRFXSDFLyQ 0HQRU /& D QLYHO PXQGLDO 1R LQE
FOXLGDHQORV$SpQGLFHVGH&LWHV5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/;$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORE
JtD
KL%#+M+*_2/DVSULQFLSDOHVDPHQD]DVVRQODFD]D
\DTXHHVPX\IiFLOGHFDSWXUDU\ODTXHPDGHSDVE
WL]DOHV HQ OD HVWDFLyQ VHFD &DVWDxR0RUD 4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/6,%
75
Tapaculo liso, bipuámia, caná,
White-lipped mud turtle
Familia
Kinosternidae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_7RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLE
FDRPQtYRUD\QRFWXUQDVHDOLPHQWDHVSHFLDOPHQE
WH GH UHQDFXDMRV SHFHV \ PROXVFRV 'H WDPDxR
SHTXHxRTXHSXHGHDOFDQ]DUDFPGHODUJR
(OFDSDUD]yQHVREORQJR\DSODQDGRGHFRORUFDIp
\ORVHVFXGRVPDUJLQDOHVVRQDFDPSDQDGRV(QORV
MXYHQLOHVHOFDSDUD]yQSUHVHQWDXQDTXLOODRFDUHQD
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Kinosternon leucostomum
(Duméril & Bibron, 1851)
(OSODVWUyQHVDQFKR\GHFRORUDPDULOOR/DFDEH]D
HVELFRORUHDGDFDIpRVFXUDVREUHODUHJLyQGRUVDO
\ DPDULOOD HQ OD UHJLyQ YHQWUDO LQFOXLGD OD UDQIRE
WHFD VXSHULRU UHJLyQ PD[LODU 3RVHH XQD DQFKD
EDQGDSRVWRUELWDOGHFRORUDPDULOORDDPERVODGRV
GHOFXHOORERUGHDGDVXSHULRUHLQIHULRUPHQWHSRU
OtQHDVGHFRORUFDIpRVFXURODEDQGDWLHQGHDGHVE
76
AMPLIA DISTRIBUCIÓN
Nombre común
AMPLIA DISTRIBUCIÓN
<(&$)$#%$! (! 9$.*.(! H/$! ;-%! *&.*<*./-%! $&<$5$)$&!
\HVUHPSOD]DGDSRUXQDPH]FODGHSXQWRVGHFRE
ORUDPDULOOR\FDIp7LHQHEDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRV
XQSDUDQWHULRUPiVODUJRTXHHOSDUSRVWHULRU/DV
SDWDVVRQSDOPHDGDV/RVPDFKRVVRQPiVJUDQGHV
TXHODVKHPEUDV\HQHVWRVODFRODHVPiVODUJD\
FRQXQDHVSLQDWHUPLQDOVLQSUHVHQFLDGHWXEpUFXORV
HQORVPXVORV(UQHVW&.*#/5XHGD$OPRQDFLG
&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
7ROLPD9DOOHGHO&DXFD&DVWDxR0RUD5XHE
.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/5KRGLQ&.*#/$VRE
FLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD0HGLQD
5DQJHO
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_2'HVGH9HUDFUX]HQ0p[LFR
KDVWD ODV WLHUUDV EDMDV GHO 3DFtÀFR HFXDWRULDQR 6H
GLVWULEX\H HQ ORV GUHQDMHV GHO$WOiQWLFR GHVGH 1LE
FDUDJXDKDVWDDOJXQDVUHJLRQHVSDQDPHxDV\HQHO
$WOiQWLFR \ 3DFtÀFR FRORPELDQRV \ DO QRURFFLGHQE
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5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ 5KRGLQ &.* #/G2!
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQR
DPHQD]DGDSRUOD8,&1HLQFOXLGDHQODFDWHJRUtD
GH 3UHRFXSDFLyQ 0HQRU /& D QLYHO PXQGLDO 1R
HVWiLQFOXLGDHQORV$SpQGLFHVGH&LWHV&LVQHURV
+HUHGLD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ $VRE
FLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD,8&1
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2"#$%$&'$!$&!;-%!.$E
SDUWDPHQWRVGH$QWLRTXLD$WOiQWLFR%ROtYDU%R\DE
Fi&DOGDV&DXFD&HVDU&KRFy&yUGRED&XQGLQDE
PDUFD +XLOD 0DJGDOHQD 1DULxR 6DQWDQGHU 6XFUH
`a?&$+$_2 9LYH HQ DJXDV OpQWLFDV GH PXFKD WXUELE
GH] FRQ DEXQGDQWHV SODQWDV DFXiWLFDV \ GH ERUGH
DGHPiVGHFXHUSRVGHDJXDWHPSRUDOHV\HVWXDULRV
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
KL%#+M+*_26XVSULQFLSDOHVDPHQD]DVVRQHOFRQE
VXPRKXPDQR\HOWUiÀFRLOHJDOHQDOJXQDVUHJLRQHV
GH&RORPELD\(FXDGRU'HOD7RUUH&LVQHE
URV+HUHGLD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ ,8&1
77
Tapaculo común, tortuga-pecho
quebrado, casquito, Scorpion mud turtle
Familia
Kinosternidae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_2 7RUWXJD VHPLDFXiWLFD
RPQtYRUD FRQVXPH YDULRV WLSRV GH LQYHUWHEUDGRV
DFXiWLFRVSHFHVHLQFOXVRFDUURxD'HWDPDxRJUDQGH
SXHGHDOFDQ]DUFPGHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQHVDODUJDE
GRRYDODGRGHFRORUFDIpFODURDRVFXURRQHJURFRQ
WUHVTXLOODVRFDUHQDVFODUDPHQWHGHÀQLGDVHQHOFDSDE
UD]yQGHORVLQGLYLGXRVDGXOWRV(OSODVWUyQHVDQFKR
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Kinosternon scorpioides
(Linnaeus, 1766)
FRQOyEXORVH[SDQGLGRV\GHFRORUPDUUyQ/DFDEH]D
HVPRGHUDGDPHQWHJUDQGHFRQHOKRFLFRSUR\HFWDGR
GHFRORUJULVRFDIpPRWHDGDGHDPDULOOR/DUDQIRWHE
FDVXSHULRUHLQIHULRUUHJLRQHVPD[LODU\PDQGLEXODU
SXHGHQVHUGHFRORUDPDULOORFRQDOJXQDVUD\DVRVFXE
UDV3RVHHJUDQGHVEDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDQRVDQWHULRE
UHVVHJXLGRVGHREDUELFHORVGHPHQRUWDPDxR/D
78
AMPLIA DISTRIBUCIÓN
Nombre común
AMPLIA DISTRIBUCIÓN
FRODÀQDOL]DKDELWXDOPHQWHHQXQDXxD/RVPDFKRVVRQ
GHPD\RUWDPDxRFRQODFDEH]DPiVJUDQGH\SLJPHQE
WDGDODUDQIRWHFDVXSHULRUUHJLyQPD[LODUPiVSURPLE
QHQWHODFRODPiVODUJD\HOSODVWUyQPiVFyQFDYRHQ
FRPSDUDFLyQ FRQ ODV KHPEUDV 6FKPLGW 5XHGD
=;9-&()*.! &.* #/ 0F&UDQLH GLVSRQLEOH HQ
%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4H*%..3@AAF03$26&F22;$2'FG
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_2$PpULFD&HQWUDO\6XUDPpULFD
GHVGH0p[LFRKDVWD$UJHQWLQD(VWDHVSHFLHVHHQFXHQE
WUDGHVGHHOVXUGH3DQDPi(FXDGRUHOQRUWHGH3HU~
%/#!.$!?-;*<*(!6!$;!&-#'$!.$!=#:$&'*&(!A(%'(!$;!-#*$&'$!
GHODV*XD\DQDV%UDVLO\3DUDJXD\5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*
#/GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2"#$%$&'$!$&!;(%!)/$&)(%!
GH ORV UtRV &DXFD 6LQ~$UDXFD &DVDQDUH 0HWD 2ULE
QRFR7RPR9LFKDGD *XDYLDUH ,QtULGD 3XWXPD\R DOWR
&DTXHWi&DJXiQ<DUt$SDSRULV9DXSpV*XDLQtD\$PDE
]RQDV (Q ORV GHSDUWDPHQWRV GH$PD]RQDV$QWLRTXLD
=#(/)(2! =';N&'*)-2! ?-;@<(#2! 7(;.(%2! 7(H/$'N2! 7(%(&(#$2!
&HVDU&KRFy&yUGRED*XDLQtD0DJGDOHQD0HWD1DE
ULxR1RUWHGH6DQWDQGHU3XWXPD\R6DQ$QGUpV6XFUH
9DXSpV \9LFKDGD &HEDOORV)RQVHFD 5XHGD$OE
9-&()*.! &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH +HUE
SHWRORJtDGLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQFXDOTXLHUFXHUSRGHDJXDVRPHUDHQ
FXUVRVGHDJXDWHPSRUDOHVRSHUPDQHQWHVDUUR\RVUtRV
ODJRV\HVWDQTXHVGHGLIHUHQWHVHFRVLVWHPDV&DVWDxR
0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOF
8&*$+2 9":+2 ;2 !&$%*_ (VSHFLH FRQVLGHUDGD FRPR QR
DPHQD]DGD SRU OD 8,&1 H LQFOXLGD HQ OD FDWHJRUtD GH
3UHRFXSDFLyQ0HQRU/&DQLYHOPXQGLDO1RHVWiLQE
FOXLGD HQ ORV $SpQGLFHV GH &LWHV &HEDOORV)RQVHFD
&DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/;2!
$VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD
KL%#+M+*_6HFRQVXPHLQWHQVDPHQWHHQOD&RVWD$WE
OiQWLFDFRORPELDQD\HQ0DUDFDLERHQ9HQH]XHODLJXDOE
PHQWHHVPX\DSHWHFLGDHQ%UDVLOGRQGHODKDFHQSDVDU
SRUFDQJUHMRUHOOHQR&HEDOORV)RQVHFD&DVWDxR
0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
79
Morrocoy, morrocoyo, morrocón,
Red-footed tortoise
Familia
Testudinidae
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_2 7RUWXJD WHUUHVWUH
GLXUQD RPQtYRUD FRQVXPH SODQWDV SHTXHxRV LQE
YHUWHEUDGRVKRQJRVFDUURxD\KHFHV(VGHWDPDE
xRPHGLDQRSXHGHDOFDQ]DUKDVWDFPGHODUJR
(O FDSDUD]yQ WLHQH IRUPD GH GRPR HV GH FRORU
QHJURDFDIpRVFXURFRQXQDPDQFKDFHQWUDOQtWLGD
DPDULOODDQDUDQMDRURML]DSUHVHQWHHQFDGDXQR
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Chelonoidis carbonaria
(Spix, 1824)
GHORVHVFXGRVYHUWHEUDOHV\FRVWDOHV(OSODVWUyQ
HVGHFRORUFUHPDSXHGHSUHVHQWDUPDQFKDVQHE
:#/>)(%!A()*(!$;!)$&'#-G!3(%!$%)(9(%!.$;!.-#%-!.$!
ODFDEH]DVRQDPDULOORQDUDQMDRURMDVDOLJXDOTXH
ODV GH ODV SDWDV /DV SDWDV VRQ JUXHVDV \ UREXVE
WDVVLPLODUHVDODVGHXQHOHIDQWHFRQJDUUDVELHQ
.$%(##-;;(.(%G!0&!;-%!(./;'-%!;-%!9()A-%!%-&!9N%!
80
AMPLIA DISTRIBUCIÓN
Nombre común
AMPLIA DISTRIBUCIÓN
JUDQGHVTXHODVKHPEUDVWLHQHQHOSODVWUyQFyQFDYR `a?&$+$_29LYHHQERVTXHVGHJDOHUtDERUGHGHVDE
\ODFRODPiVODUJD\JUXHVD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;E* EDQDVSDVWL]DOHV\ERVTXHVVHFRV7LHQHSUHIHUHQE
FLDSRUODViUHDVDELHUWDV5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;E*
0HGLQD5DQJHO&.*#/;
0HGLQD5DQJHO&.*#/
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_23DQDPi&RORPELD9HQHE
>/$;(2!D/(6(&(%2!?#(%*;2!?-;*<*(2!"(#(:/(62!=#:$&'*&(! 8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDHQODFDE
H LVODV GHO &DULEH 7ULQLGDG \ $QWLOODV &DVWDxR WHJRUtDGH3UHRFXSDFLyQ0HQRU/&DQLYHOPXQE
0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/0HGLQD GLDO\(Q3HOLJUR&UtWLFR&5DQLYHOQDFLRQDOSRU
OD ,8&1 6H HQFXHQWUD HQ HO$SpQGLFH ,, GH &LWHV
4(&:$;!&.*#/
&DVWDxR0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 %#2 !"@"L?&+_2 "#$%$&'$! $&! ;(%! $VRFLDFLyQ&RORPELDQDGH+HUSHWRORJtD0HE
OODQXUDV GH OD UHJLyQ &DULEH HO YDOOH LQWHUDQGLQR .*&(E4(&:$;!&.*#/
GHO 0DJGDOHQD KDVWD +RQGD 7ROLPD \ ORV /ODQRV
2ULHQWDOHV3UHVHQWHHQORVGHSDUWDPHQWRVGH$QE KL%#+M+*_2 6XV SULQFLSDOHV DPHQD]DV VRQ OD GHVE
'*-H/*(2!=#(/)(2!=';N&'*)-2!?-;@<(#2!7(;.(%2!7(H/$'N2! WUXFFLyQ\GHJUDGDFLyQGHVXVKiELWDWVODVREUH[SORE
&DVDQDUH&HVDU&KRFy&yUGRED&XQGLQDPDUFD WDFLyQSRUFDFHUtD\HOWUiÀFRLOHJDOGHORVQHRQDWRV
*XDLQtD *XDMLUD 0DJGDOHQD 0HWD 6DQWDQGHU 6XE FRPR PDVFRWDV &DVWDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OE
FUH7ROLPD\9LFKDGD(Q6DQ$QGUpV\3URYLGHQFLD 9-&()*.!&.*#/G2!JKKO2!M$.*&(E4(&:$;!&.*#/;E*
VH FRQVLGHUD FRPR XQD HVSHFLH LQWURGXFLGD &DVE
WDxR0RUD 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ $VRFLDFLyQ &RORPELDQD GH +HUSHWRORJtD M$.*&(E4(&:$;!&.*#/
81
Carranchina, cabezón de Zulia, tortuga
montañera, Zulia toad-headed turtle
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLE
FD RPQtYRUD VH DOLPHQWD SULQFLSDOPHQWH GH PRE
OXVFRV DUWUySRGRV SHFHV \ DQÀELRV 'H JUDQ WDE
PDxRSXHGHDOFDQ]DUHQWUHFPGHODUJR(O
FDSDUD]yQHVREORQJRDOJRDSODQDGRGHFRORUJULV
-%)/#-!-!&$:#-2!)-&!/&!;$<$!%/#)-!$&'#$!$;!%$:/&E
Familia
Chelidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Mesoclemmys zuliae
(Pritchard y Trebbau, 1984)
GR\FXDUWRHVFXGRYHUWHEUDO(OSODVWUyQHVGHFRE
ORUDPDULOORFRQSLJPHQWDFLyQFDVWDxD/DFDEH]D
HVSURPLQHQWHGHFRORUJULVRVFXURFRQODSDUWH
GRUVDOOLVDVHJPHQWDGDHQSROtJRQRVLUUHJXODUHVGH
JUDQWDPDxR\ODUDQIRWHFDLQIHULRUUHJLyQPDQE
GLEXODU WLHQH XQD WHUPLQDFLyQ HQ IRUPD GH JDQE
82
DISTRIBUCIÓN PROBABLE COLOMBIA
Nombre común
DISTRIBUCIÓN PROBABLE COLOMBIA
FKR SXQWLDJXGR /DV QDULQDV VRQ PX\ SUR\HFWDGDV
/D SDUWH ODWHUDO GH OD FDEH]D H LQIHULRU GHO FXHOOR
%-&! .$! )-;-#! (9(#*;;-! )-&! /&(! ;@&$(! &$:#(! H/$! %$!
H[WLHQGH GHVGH HO URVWUR SDVD D WUDYpV GHO RMR \
OOHJDKDVWDHOWtPSDQR3RVHHEDUELFHORVPHQWRQLDE
QRVSHTXHxRV/DVSDWDVVRQSDOPHDGDV/RVPDFKRV
VRQ PiV SHTXHxRV TXH ODV KHPEUDV \ HQ HVWRV OD
FRODHVPiVODUJD\JUXHVD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!
5KRGLQ&.*#/;GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;
.&).-60,&);2"4FG!
WDQGHU(UQHVW&.*#/;5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!
GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
`a?&$+$_29LYHHQiUHDVFHQDJRVDVSDQWDQRVFDxRV
\SODQRVGHLQXQGDFLyQGHJUDQGHVUtRV(UQHVW&.*
#/ 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ GLVSRQLEOH
$&I!%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_6HHQFXHQWUDFDWDORJDGDFRPR
9XOQHUDEOH98SRUOD8,&11RHVWiLQFOXLGDHQ
ORV $SpQGLFHV GH &LWHV 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/G2!
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_!0%!$&.C9*)(!.$!;(!)/$&)(! ,8&1
GH0DUDFDLERHQ9HQH]XHODH[FOXVLYRGHODVFLpQDJDV
GHO 3DUTXH 1DFLRQDO &DWDWXPER FLpQDJDV GH -XDQ KL%#+M+*_2 $XQTXH QR SUHVHQWD DPHQD]DV HVSHE
0DQXHO GH$JXDV 1HJUDV \$JXDV %ODQFDV (UQHVW FtÀFDVVXGLVWULEXFLyQJHRJUiÀFDUHVWULQJLGDODKDFH
&.*#/)ULW]+DYDä5XHGD$OPRQDFLG YXOQHUDEOH D HYHQWRV R IHQyPHQRV QDWXUDOHV H LQE
&.*#/%DUULR$PRUyVÌxLJD1DUEDL]D ÁXHQFLDVDQWUySLFDV5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/
GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
,8&1
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2(VSRVLEOHTXHKDELE
WHODViUHDVDOHGDxDVDOUtR7LE~\DOQRUWHGH9LOOD
GHO5RVDULRHQHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGH1RUWHGH6DQE
83
Bachala, charapa, cágado de barbicha,
Cotinga river toadhead turtle
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*2 1%#%)+@%*_2 7RUWXJD VHOYiWLFD \
VHPLDFXiWLFD/DVKHPEUDVSXHGHQDOFDQ]DUXQWDE
PDxR FP GH ODUJR (O FDSDUD]yQ HV DSODQDGR
OLVR \ SRVHH WUHV TXLOODV R FDUHQDV ORQJLWXGLQDOHV
TXHODGLIHUHQFLDQGH8;*4&2>>"2#,-)(OSODVWUyQHV
.$!)-;-#!#-5-E&(#(&5(!-!(9(#*;;-2!)-&!9(&)A(%!-%E
Familia
Chelidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Phrynops tuberosus
(Peters, 1870)
FXUDV/DFDEH]DHVSHTXHxD\DQJRVWDFRQXQDOtE
&$(!&$:#(!H/$!%$!$1'*$&.$!.$%.$!$;!A-)*)-!A(%'(!
ODUHJLyQWHPSRUDOSDVDQGRDWUDYpVGHORMR(QOD
UHJLyQODWHUDOGHFDEH]D\FXHOORVHDOWHUQDQOtQHDV
EODQFDV QHJUDV R URMDV /DV SDWDV VRQ SDOPHDGDV
3(%! $1'#$9*.(.$%! (&'$#*-#$%! '*$&$&! )*&)-! :(##(%!
84
DISTRIBUCIÓN PROBABLE COLOMBIA
Nombre común
DISTRIBUCIÓN PROBABLE COLOMBIA
\ODVSRVWHULRUHVFXDWUR/RVPDFKRVWLHQHQODFROD
PiVODUJD\JUXHVDHQFRPSDUDFLyQFRQODVKHPEUDV
(UQHVW &.* #/ 5XHGD$OPRQDFLG &.* #/ GLVSRQLEOH HQ %..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4H* %..3@AAF03$21
6&F22;$2'FG
!
R&*$)&?/,&-#21%#%)+@_2$OQRURULHQWHGH6XUDPpE
ULFD DO RULHQWH \ VXU GH9HQH]XHOD HQ ODV *XD\DE
QDV6XULQDPQRURULHQWHGH%UDVLO&RORPELD3HU~
(FXDGRU%ROLYLD3DUDJXD\\$UJHQWLQD+DELWDWDQWR
;(%!)-%'(%!6!N#$(%!*&'$#&(%2!)-9-!;(!#$:*+&!&-#'$!6!
QRURULHQWHGHODFXHQFDGHO$PD]RQDV6RX]D
)ULW]+DYDä5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;
GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
`a?&$+$_(VSHFLHVHOYiWLFD YLYH HQ DUUR\RV FDxRV
\ ODJRV HQ ERVTXHV GH JDOHUtD GH GRVHO FHUUDGR \
YHJHWDFLyQDFXiWLFDDEXQGDQWH(UQHVW&.*#/
4/$.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/GLVSRQLEOHHQ%..3@AA
BBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
8&*$+2 9":+2 ;2 !&$%*_2 (VSHFLH QR FODVLÀFDGD SRU
8,&1QLLQFOXLGDHQORV$SpQGLFHVGH&LWHV5XHE
.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/,8&1
KL%#+M+*_21RHVWDQDSHWHFLGDSRUTXHORVKXHE
YRVGHODWRUWXJDSURGXFHQUHDFFLRQHVDOpUJLFDV6LQ
HPEDUJRHVFRQVXPLGDORFDOPHQWHSRUDOJXQDVFRE
PXQLGDGHVLQGtJHQDVGHODPD]RQDV5XHGD$OPRQDE
)*.!&.*#/,8&1
R&*$)&?/,&-#2%#2!"@"L?&+_2(VSRVLEOHTXHKDELE
WH\VHHQFXHQWUHHQODFXHQFDDPD]yQLFD(UQHVW
&.*#/5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/GLVSRQLEOH
$&I!%..3@AABBB;.&).-60,&);2"4FG
85
Nombre Común
Emydidae
6WUJZMKQMV\yÅKW
Trachemys scripta elegans
(Schoepff, 1792)
INTRODUCIDA
Icotea, tartaruga japonesa,
Red-eared Slider
Familia
!+)+,$%)A*$&,+*21%#%)+@%*_27RUWXJDVHPLDFXiWLFD
GHPi[LPRFPGHODUJR(OFDSDUD]yQHVRYDODGR
HQIRUPDGHGRPRHQFDGDXQRGHVXVHVFXGRVFRVE
WDOHV SRVHH XQD IUDQMD DPDULOOD WUDQVYHUVDO SURPLE
QHQWH(OSODVWUyQVHFDUDFWHUL]DSRUWHQHUHQFDGD
$%)/.-!/&!%-;-!-)$;-!H/$!)-&!;(!$.(.!%$!<(!'-#&(&E
GRQHJUR(OGRUVRGHODFDEH]DHVWiFXELHUWRSRU
SLHOOLVDVLQHVFDPDVHVGHFRORUYHUGHFRQOtQHDV
ORQJLWXGLQDOHVDPDULOODV\XQDDQFKDEDQGDURMDTXH
VHH[WLHQGHGHVGHHOERUGHSRVWHULRUGHORMRKDFLD
HO FXHOOR (O KRFLFR PHQWyQ FXHOOR \ SDWDV WLHQHQ
OtQHDV ORQJLWXGLQDOHV DPDULOODV /DV SDWDV VRQ FRPE
86
KL%#+M+*_2(VFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRHVSHFLHH[yWLFD
SRU OD 8,&1 SULQFLSDOPHQWH FD]DGD SDUD VHU FRE
PHUFLDOL]DGDFRPRPDVFRWDDQLYHOORFDO&DVWDxR
0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/'HSUHE
VHQWDUVH HQ DPELHQWHV QDWXUDOHV HQ QXHVWUR SDtV
SRGUtDSRQHUHQULHVJRODVSREODFLRQHVGHODVRWUDV
R&*$)&?/,&-#2 1%#%)+@_2 8$%.$! $;! %/#-#*$&'$! .$;! GRV HVSHFLHV QDWLYDV GH !"#$%&'()! $! *&);/%-! -'#(%!
HVWDGRGH9LUJLQLDKDVWDHOQRUWHGH)ORULGDHQORV HVSHFLHVGHWRUWXJDV
(VWDGRV8QLGRV&DUU)ULW]+DYDä
INTRODUCIDA
SOHWDPHQWHSDOPHDGDV/RVFRORUHVHQORVPDFKRV
RVFXUHFHQPiVUiSLGRTXHHQODVKHPEUDVDGHPiV
pVWRVVRQPiVSHTXHxRVFRQHOFDSDUD]yQHVPiV
DSODQDGR \ DQJRVWR \ OD FROD PiV ODUJD &DVWDxR
0RUD5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/;E*JKKOFG
`a?&$+$_26HHQFXHQWUDHQFXDOTXLHUFXHUSRKtGULFR
VHPLSHUPDQHQWHPHQRVHQORVTXHSUHVHQWDQFRE
UULHQWHVIXHUWHV(VFRP~QHQGRQGHKD\DEXQGDQE
WHYHJHWDFLyQVXPHUJLGDRÁRWDQWH&DVWDxR0RUD
5XHGD$OPRQDFLG&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
8&*$+29":+2;2!&$%*_2(VSHFLHFRQVLGHUDGDFRPRQR
DPHQD]DGDSRUOD8,&17DPSRFRHVWiLQFOXLGDHQ
ORV$SpQGLFHVGH&LWHV&DVWDxR0RUD5XHE
.(E=;9-&()*.!&.*#/G2!JKKOFG
87
9%,"L%#'+,&"#%*21%#%)+@%*2N+)+2%@2L+#%:"2'/)+#$%22
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Se terminó de imprimir en la Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Colombia
en septiembre de 2012. En esta edición se empleó papel
propalcote de 150 g, se utilizaron caracteres Baskerville,
Times y Gill Sans MT, en un formato de 21,5 x 14 cm.
100