Citología - Facultad de Agronomía y Agroindustrias

Anuncio
&iWHGUDGH%LRORJtD)DFXOWDGGH$JURQRPtD\$JURLQGXVWULDV816(
3UHVHQWDFLyQ
&,72/2*º$
1XHVWUR SODQHWD SUHVHQWD XQD JUDQ ELRGLYHUVLGDG TXH FRPSUHQGH GHVGH
RUJDQLVPRVSULPLWLYRV FRPR ODVEDFWHULDV KDVWD ORV RUJDQLVPRVPiV FRPSOHMRV FRPR
ORV DQLPDOHV \ YHJHWDOHV VXSHULRUHV 7RGRV HVWRV VHUHV YLYRV DSDUHQWHPHQWH WDQ
GLIHUHQWHVSUHVHQWDQXQDFDUDFWHUtVWLFDHQFRP~QHVWiQFRQVWLWXLGRVSRUFpOXODV
6HGLVWLQJXHQGRVWLSRVFHOXODUHV(OSULPHUWLSRTXHLQFOX\HDODVHXEDFWHULDV\
DUTXLEDFWHULDV HV GHQRPLQDGR 3URFDULRWD GHO JULHJR ¦DQWHV GHO Q~FOHR§ \ VX
HWLPRORJtD KDFH UHIHUHQFLD D OD DXVHQFLD GH Q~FOHR (O VHJXQGR WLSR GH FpOXODV HVWi
SUHVHQWHHQSURWLVWDVKRQJRVDQLPDOHV\YHJHWDOHV\HVGHQRPLQDGR(XFDULRWD GHO
JULHJR ¦Q~FOHR YHUGDGHUR§ \D TXH HO JHQRPD HVWi FRPSDUWLPHQWDOL]DGR HQ HO Q~FOHR
URGHDGRSRUXQDHQYROWXUDQXFOHDU
(Q OD VLJXLHQWH WDEOD VH UHVXPHQ ODV SULQFLSDOHV GLIHUHQFLDV HQWUH FpOXODV
HXFDULRWDV\SURFDULRWDV/DV)LJXUDV\LOXVWUDQODVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVGHORVGLIHUHQWHV
WLSRVFHOXODUHV
7DEOD'LIHUHQFLDVHQWUHFpOXODVSURFDULRWDV\HXFDULRWDV
&DUDFWHUtVWLFD
&pOXODSURFDULRWD
&pOXODHXFDULRWD
7DPDxRYDORUHVPHGLRV
“P
“P
1~FOHR
*HQRPD
&RPSDUWLPHQWDOL]DFLyQ
&LWRHVTXHOHWR
'LYLVLyQFHOXODU
$XVHQWH
3UHVHQWH
&RPSXHVWR
SRU
$'1 FRPSXHVWR
SRU
$'1
¦GHVQXGR§
QR
HVWi DVRFLDGR
D
SURWHtQDV
DVRFLDGRDSURWHtQDV
KLVWyQLFDV\QRKLVWyQLFDV
$XVHQWH
3UHVHQWH FDGD SURFHVR
PHWDEyOLFR VH SURGXFH HQ
XQRUJDQRLGHGHWHUPLQDGR
$XVHQWH
)LVLyQELQDULDyJHPDFLyQ
3UHVHQWH
0LWRVLV
HQ
FpOXODV
VRPiWLFDV \ PHLRVLV HQ
FpOXODVVH[XDOHV
(VWHWUDEDMRSUiFWLFRWLHQHFRPRREMHWLYRV
x 'HVDUUROODUKDELOLGDGHVHQODUHDOL]DFLyQGHSUHSDUDGRVPLFURVFySLFRV
x 2EVHUYDU\GLIHUHQFLDUORVGLIHUHQWHVWLSRVFHOXODUHV
x 5HFRQRFHUDOJXQRVRUJDQRLGHV\HVWUXFWXUDVFHOXODUHV
GH
&iWHGUDGH%LRORJtD)DFXOWDGGH$JURQRPtD\$JURLQGXVWULDV816(
)LJXUD(VWUXFWXUDGHFpOXODSURFDULRWD\HXFDULRWDDQLPDO7RPDGRGH
KWWSZZZDUUDNLVHVaOOXHQJRELRORJLDKWPO
GH
&iWHGUDGH%LRORJtD)DFXOWDGGH$JURQRPtD\$JURLQGXVWULDV816(
)LJXUD(VTXHPDGHODHVWUXFWXUDGHXQDFpOXODHXFDULRWDYHJHWDO7RPDGRGH
KWWSZZZDUUDNLVHVaOOXHQJRELRORJLDKWPO
$VSHFWRVWHyULFRVQHFHVDULRV
3DUD XQD PHMRU FRPSUHQVLyQ GH ORV WHPDV DERUGDGRV HQ HVWH SUiFWLFR 8G
UHTXHULUiGHORVVLJXLHQWHVFRQRFLPLHQWRVDGTXLULGRVHQODVFODVHVWHyULFDV\RWHyULFR
SUiFWLFDV
0LFURVFRStD IRUPDFLyQ GH LPiJHQHV HQ HO PLFURVFRSLR ySWLFR SRGHU GH
UHVROXFLyQ
&ODVLILFDFLyQGHORVVHUHVYLYRV
&pOXODV SURFDULRWDV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV JHQHUDOHV &pOXODV HXFDULRWDV HVWUXFWXUD \
IXQFLyQGHORVRUJDQRLGHV
$FWLYLGDGHV
%DFWHULDV
(Q OD DFWXDOLGDG FRQWDPRV FRQ XQD VHULH GH FRORUDFLRQHV TXH SHUPLWHQ YLVXDOL]DU OD
PRUIRORJtDDJUXSDFLRQHV\HVWUXFWXUDVEDFWHULDQDVHVSHFtILFDV7RGDVHOODVUHTXLHUHQ
GH OD UHDOL]DFLyQ SUHYLD GH XQ IURWLV 3DUD HOOR FRORTXH VREUH XQ SRUWDREMHWRV
GHVHQJUDVDGR XQD JRWD GH DJXD GHVWLODGD HVWpULO \ VREUH HOOD DGLFLRQH XQD SHTXHxD
FDQWLGDGGHOFXOWLYRDDQDOL]DUH[WHQGLpQGRORFRQD\XGDGHXQDQVD6HFDUDXQRV
FPGHODOODPDGHXQPHFKHUR(VWDDFFLyQSHUPLWLUiODFRDJXODFLyQGHOPDWHULDOFHOXODU
GH
&iWHGUDGH%LRORJtD)DFXOWDGGH$JURQRPtD\$JURLQGXVWULDV816(
GH ORV PLFURRUJDQLVPRV DQWHV GH VHU WHxLGRV \ OD DGKHVLyQ GH ODV FpOXODV DO
SRUWDREMHWRV
/XHJR FXEUD HO SUHSDUDGR GXUDQWH XQ PLQXWR FRQ XQD VROXFLyQ GH VDIUDQLQD DO /DYHFRQDJXDFRUULHQWHVHTXHDODLUH\REVHUYHFRQREMHWLYRGHLQPHUVLyQ&RQD\XGD
GHVXVDSXQWHVGHFODVHGLVWLQJD\GLEXMHODVIRUPDVEDFWHULDQDV
+RQJRVXQLFHOXODUHV
&RORTXHXQSRFRGHOHYDGXUDGHFHUYH]DHQXQDYDVRGHSUHFLSLWDGRFRQWHQLHQGRXQD
VROXFLyQD]XFDUDGD/XHJRGHXQRVPLQXWRVWRPHXQDJRWDGHHVWHPDWHULDOFROyTXHOD
HQ XQ SRUWDREMHWRV FXEUD FRQ FXEUHREMHWRV \ REVHUYH D GLIHUHQWHV DXPHQWRV 3XHGH
UHSHWLUODRSHUDFLyQFRORUHDQGRFRQXQDVROXFLyQGHD]XOGHPHWLOHQRDO'LEXMHOR
REVHUYDGR&RPSDUHHOWDPDxRFRQHOGHODVEDFWHULDV
+RQJRVSOXULFHOXODUHV
&RQ D\XGD GH XQD DJXMD KLVWROyJLFD UHWLUH XQD SRUFLyQ GHO PRKR TXH VH GHVDUUROOD
VREUH SDQ R DOJ~Q YHJHWDO &ROyTXHOR VREUH XQD JRWD GH DJXD GHVWLODGD HQ XQ
SRUWDREMHWRV \ GLVSpUVHOR FXLGDGRVDPHQWH &RORTXH XQ FXEUHREMHWRV \ REVHUYH
FXLGDGRVDPHQWH FRQ GLIHUHQWHV DXPHQWRV ,GHQWLILTXH \ GLEXMH ODV HVWUXFWXUDV
YHJHWDWLYDV\UHSURGXFWLYDVGHOKRQJR&RPSDUHVXWDPDxRFRQODVOHYDGXUDV
3URWLVWDV
([WUDLJD FRQ XQ JRWHUR XQD PXHVWUD GH DJXD HVWDQFDGD \ FROyTXHOD VREUH XQ
FXEUHREMHWRV ,QYLHUWD HO FXEUHREMHWRV \ FROyTXHOR VREUH OD H[FDYDFLyQ GH XQ
SRUWDREMHWRV2EVHUYHODSUHVHQFLDGHSURWLVWDV'LEXMH
&pOXODVYHJHWDOHV
&HEROOD
0HGLDQWH XQDSLQ]D KLVWROyJLFD UHWLUH XQD SRUFLyQ GH HSLGHUPLV GH ODV FDWiILODV KRMDV
PRGLILFDGDV GH XQ EXOER GH FHEROOD \ FROyTXHOR VREUH XQD JRWD GH DJXD HQ XQ
SRUWDREMHWRV &XEUD FRQ XQ FXEUHREMHWRV \ REVHUYH IRUPD \ WDPDxR ˜TXLpQ OD
GHWHUPLQD"˜TXpHVWUXFWXUDVREVHUYD"
+RMDVGH(ORGHD
7RPHXQDKRMDMRYHQGH(ORGHDFHUFDQDDXQ iSLFH\UHDOLFHXQSUHSDUDGRHQWUHSRUWD
\FXEUHREMHWRVFRPRHQORVtWHPVDQWHULRUHV˜TXpHVWUXFWXUDVVHREVHUYDQ"&DOLHQWH
FXLGDGRVDPHQWH HO SUHSDUDGR \ REVHUYH QXHYDPHQWH ˜GLVWLQJXH OD FRUULHQWH
FLWRSODVPiWLFD" ˜D TXp VH GHEH" ˜SXHGH REVHUYDU FRQ HO PLFURVFRSLR ySWLFR ODV
HVWUXFWXUDVTXHODJHQHUDQ"
3DUpQTXLPDGHIUXWRVGH WRPDWH
+DJD XQ SUHSDUDGR XWLOL]DQGR WHMLGR SDUHQTXLPiWLFR GHO IUXWR GH WRPDWH 2EVHUYH
IRUPDVHVWUXFWXUDVWDPDxR˜$TXHVHGHEHODFRORUDFLyQURML]DGHODVFpOXODV"˜HQ
TXpHVWUXFWXUDVVHHQFXHQWUDGLFKRSLJPHQWR"
GH
&iWHGUDGH%LRORJtD)DFXOWDGGH$JURQRPtD\$JURLQGXVWULDV816(
7XEpUFXORGHSDSD
&RQ XQ ELVWXUt UHWLUH XQD SHTXHxD PXHVWUD GH OD UHJLyQ FHQWUDO GH XQ WXEpUFXOR GH
SDSDV&ROyTXHODHQXQSRUWDREMHWRVVREUHXQDJRWDGHUHDFWLYRGH/XJRO, .,&RQ
HO PHQRUDXPHQWR LGHQWLILTXHXQD UHJLyQ GRQGH ODVSDUHGHV FHOXODUHV HVWpQ YLVLEOHV \
GRQGHVHDSUHFLHQORVOHXFRSODVWRVFRORUYLROHWD˜TXpIXQFLyQGHVHPSHxDQ"˜&XiO
HVVXFRPSRVLFLyQTXtPLFD"'LEXMH
&pOXODVDQLPDOHV
([WHQGLGRGHVDQJUH
/LPSLH HO GHGR SXOJDU FRQ XQ WUR]R GH DOJRGyQ HPEHELGR HQ HWDQRO /XHJR StQFKHOR
FRQXQDDJXMDGHVFDUWDEOHHVWpULO\GHMHFDHUXQDJRWDGHVDQJUHVREUHHOH[WUHPRGH
XQ SRUWDREMHWRV ([WLHQGD UiSLGDPHQWH OD JRWD GH VDQJUH FRQ D\XGD GH RWUR
SRUWDREMHWRV KDFLHQGR XQ IURWLV 2EVHUYH \ GLEXMH ˜TXp IRUPD SRVHHQ ORV JOyEXORV
URMRV"˜TXpFDUDFWHUtVWLFDVFLWROyJLFDVORGLVWLQJXHQ"˜FXiOHVVXIXQFLyQ"
&XHVWLRQDULR
/D PD\RUtD GH ODV FpOXODV VRQ PLFURVFySLFDV ˜4Xp IDFWRUHV OLPLWDQ HO WDPDxR
FHOXODU" 3DUD IDFLOLWDU VX MXVWLILFDFLyQ SURSRQJD HMHPSORV QXPpULFRV FRQVLGHUDQGR OD
UHODFLyQVXSHUILFLHFHOXODUYROXPHQ6XSRQJDTXHODVFpOXODVSRVHHQIRUPDF~ELFD
/D REVHUYDFLyQ GH SUHSDUDGRV EDFWHULDQRV HQ HO PLFURVFRSLR ySWLFR UHTXLHUH GHO
XVRGHOHQWHVGHLQPHUVLyQ˜SRUTXp"3DUDUHDOL]DUGLFKDREVHUYDFLyQHPSOHDPRV
DFHLWHGHFHGUR˜FXiOHVODIXQFLyQGHHVWDVXVWDQFLD"
6L8GREVHUYDXQDPLFURIRWRJUDItDGHFpOXODVSURYHQLHQWHVGHWHMLGRPXVFXODU\RWUD
GHFpOXODVGHOSiQFUHDV˜GyQGHHVSHUDREWHQHUXQDPD\RUGHQVLGDGGHPLWRFRQGULDV"
˜SRUTXp"
%LEOLRJUDItDUHFRPHQGDGD
&XUWLV+%LRORJtDWD(GLFLyQ(GLWRULDO0pGLFD3DQDPHULFDQD
&DPSEHOO15HHFH-0LWFKHOO/%LRORJ\WD(GLFLyQ%HQMDPLQ&XPPLQJV
5HFXUVRVGH,17(51(7
/HSURSRQHPRVQDYHJDUHQHOVLWLR:(%GHOOLEUR%LRORJ\GH&DPSEHOO\FRODERUDGRUHV
SDUDSRGHULQJUHVDUSURFXUHHQODFiWHGUDODFRUUHVSRQGLHQWHLGHQWLILFDFLyQ\FODYH
(QHVWHVLWLRSRGUiYLVLWDU
¦7KHYLUWXDOFHOO§SHUPLWHH[SORUDUODVSDUWHVGHXQDFpOXODYLUWXDO
¦&HOOVDOLYH§SUHVHQWDILJXUDV\YLGHRVGHYDULRVWLSRVFHOXODUHV\SURFHVRV
GH
Descargar