¿ES SOLO EL GLIFOSATO? ACERCA DE LA - RAP-AL

('
"-$+(*-$,+1*+(-+,+++
$9*9+99.*&-2+$&
.**(";1&&9&#9*
>??:?CAD?E?EF@
>@@>BEECEA?
>@@>BEE@?E?
'$$("-+1+-+",*$,.+#*
,$
+,,&$,/&*!
&$,"-",*&$&#"$.*+-$&+*+
$,#$,$"*$,$"""&" -2*"&+,-"(*&.$'*&(-+&"+
&++ $ +- "-*7 ("$& " "1 ,*#$' )- " ("'$ ("-+ $ " - ,-2$'+*"#+?9C>>#,*&+"+..$+"&#-$9"""& -+,1
+ *"&$ &$ -$ "- )- + %&+ "".$ "$, "+ #*+ ,-2$' 1 (&$
+&* " ,(, " #(,& "+ -#&$+ *+ 1 +- *"'$ &$ " ,*&*& $ " +"-9
*&+-.2(-$,)-+*$,&*$&"-,"2'$"&+*&,'0&+1"&+
(*&"#+*&#&+)-+,-,"2'$+*.$9
$,&*$&""&+$"-$+(*-$,+)-$+(**(*&-$+*"0&$+86"(*&"#+
&*$ +&"& $ " -",.& +& 5 6- +- $ &,*+ ,.+ *&"+5 6+ +&"& -$
(*&"# " * "&+,&5 6 -,"2$ #+ & #$&+ (*&-,&+ )-#&+ )- %&+ ,*+5
6 $ +&"#$, $ "+ -#&$+ *+5 6+ -$ (*&"# #$+,** " "1 & "
"+"'$+$+-$,560+,$.+,'$$,+&*"#(,&"&+("-+$"
+"-5 6- 0+,* -$ ("'$ &**,5 6+ -$ (*&"# $ " ,( ("'$ & +
.$-" &$ ,&+ "+ ,(+ " -+& ("-+5 6+ (&+" (*&-* "#$,&+ $ $,
+-$,7","$,*$+1$&*#*$,"+$-,"2*("-+5
#&+(&*(*,+9
*) ("$ !!"#!$#%"'
5,+!1&#*')#*.0*#+#))+)%*%!&%*0.*%#&"%*4*#
+%* !* +.* )%!* 0 +# (, .) %# ! "%% ')%,&# .#+;5 ! "%!%
')%,+.%"')#+*%#!')%,&#"%#%,!+.%*)!%#%%#!,+!1&#
*"!!*" %)*8.*+)#*#*8!%*)+!1#+*0%."#+!%*'!,*+)*#
! ')%,&# )#%*5 ! '(,+ +#%!&% * #)#+ ! "%!%4 !%* "%#%,!+.%* *%#
%!&"#+ "'%*!* !!.) ! ')+ * #% * 6*%*+##7 ')+) ! *,"#*+)% %#%*(,"%*0'!,*5#*+*%!%*')%*%*#,+)&#*,!%*!!.%%'%)!*
)%+%#* 0 *,"#*+)% "+) %)# #+#+ *) )"'!1% '%) ! ,+!1&# )+!1#+* *%!,!* ! "*" "#) (, ! %#+)%! !* %*%#!* '!*4 (, # !
#+,)!1 * !!.% % '%) ')+%)* 0 ')*+%*4 * )"'!1% '%) ! ,+!1&# '!,*5#+#+%*,*++,&#+%* !,*.#%#%"'!+%%(,#%*%!"#+#%
,"'!#*,%"+%*#%(,*,.1'%*,##%+!"'+%"#+!5
!')%!"!,*%'!,**)')%,#!)&#')%,&#%)+!1*!)
"+)%'%!+#,#%*)* <4!!+%.!!%)%#!')%,&#"#1#*0')*0
# !')%,&# +%=5 #+%%* *+%* *%** )')%,,# "*"% "%%')%,&#4
/!,0#+ 0 !+"#+ "##+ '+! (, +)"# ,# )#+ /',!*&# ')%,+%)*4 ,# ',')1&# # !* %#%#* . 0 +) % ! "#% %) 0
%#+"#&#"#+!9*)*,"#%*#!,%*%"%')+#*%!,!!"% >85
5!')%!"!!%*+%*).'%)!*#+*(,*,+!1#4'%)!"%%'!&#
0 '%) *, "'+% # ! *!,4 ')% #% * ! -#%5 # ! +,! * ,+!1# ,# *) '!,* /+)""#+ +&/%* %# ' ')%,) $%* # ! *!, +#+% #.!
;
#*+)%*!,9)#1&##")#!*!,5<::?5')%!"+!%*)%(,"%*0
*,*#.**4*,###!*!,!%*+) %)*4!'%!&#/',*+0!"#+5*+,%
%!%)+.%",!+#+)%5*5*5)#+#
<
%,1*#%4.)<::?56(,*&#0%#%#*,+!1&#'!,*#!)%)+%!
,#%*)*7%)#*!*%&#)#+#%),,0%#%"9%!&5#",!
,,"#5
=
#*+)%*!,9)#1&##")#!*!,5<::?5')%!"+!%*)%(,"%*0
*,*#.**4*,###!*!,!%*+) %)*4!'%!&#/',*+0!"#+5*+,%
%!%)+.%",!+#+)%5*5*5)#+#
>
%,1*#%.)8
)#
%0<::?7)%!"+1&#0)!/&#*%)!%*)*%*).%*!
,*%'!,*#!+.%)+%!5)%',*+*"%!*+!"#+%
)%%**+"*75%#)*%!*%&#)#+#%)+,!+,)5!+5)#+#
9#')#%/# 9# #9 !' (&*%'!*#"#(#!))#
#!%*85((##(!()(!#(*!3'#*'!3'# *'# )#3#(
'(>3@.'&*)*!&*%#(!*!($!)#-#$ !#'3*!(# #
/!5
! (# !() !#(*! ( )') *! %'#*)# #'!##'# &* ',() )#' #!) !!) )$-# %'(()!)3 &* ( ' *. !) !) %' !!#
"#( ! #3 ( * * ! ( !( )'$( . +! ( )'( '!( ()!(
''()'#%#'(#''!)('.*3#!#*%*!/'/#!( *.(
&*(#!(%5!)*(*)/!'@ #!()'#(()%'#*)#
!(),('#((''#(!'!)!A5
#'(*%')'#*'!(*!!()*)/#!#')*)*'%'!% !)!*),#
)# )5 %')*' () %'#*)# ( &* %# ! (*# (#' *),# )# )%#(*!) %#'! BB<(()#(
(%)#'>3@( %!"#)'("#(!)(*)/(#!#(##
-%!($! *),# (# (!# %#' %'$! )#'! . '(()!( ! ( %!)(
(,()'((#((6!#' (7'#()# C5
( )# # #("#=EEB3 #!( *)/! '?< #!( )'#(
'#)$-#( ( "# ><<C #! ( %'#! ' >C< #!( )'#(3 (
,!*!'#!' !)##,'#()#'(48-%!($!(*%''#9
. ( %#' #'()$! # # %#' ' %/# ),( 8 3 8 -%!($! #(
*),#()'!(!#(58%'$!'(()!(!!()#('((,()'(5()(
) &* %'#*%'!#(4 #( #!#*),#( . %$! #!)!* ( ( (
#' *#!( %*( , &* ()#( !'! '(()!( ! #( #'!( #( &*
%')!!#!)'#'5!()(#(#((!#' (%'#*)#(&* #(!#%#(!)#
(##(5# #()!'$!'(()!(()'!( )!'$!!!'$!!
*!#(%##("#()#%#$!9!()#(3#!#(#'((,()'(8('(()!)5
() !'#(%'#*)#'(3!*(!*!%!()')#3(*!!' !)')!)#
!) # #(#((%$!5 !(##* !)# ( #()##!*!
A
#*/(!#,'5><<D5)'!),(*(#!#(*!!(#4(#'!)!5!
!#(*!.(*()'!),(595!)#5
B
%#&* '!)'+) %$!.#(%'#*)#%'# '/$!
C
'(353
#.
5.#*/(!#5><<B5()'*)*'''.*),#(5%=<8=A,()!50
C?5!)#5
% "!8&$ %" $/) % % %1;5/%"% %
7555%8" %" $%67&$ %" $+" $ :0
%&'!%$% %" %%&% "! &'%
&$ % '$% ! &$ ' $ "$& "$ '& %
% &!* % + "$%%&&% " $ &$ % " %"&$ / && &!* + $
"& &/ % %'0
0 + % %&! "$ "$ & % % "$ ' % + $&%
%"!"'%0%&% %" $&& % &$'&
% & * %" "' 3 %' " &!* 3 % & % %$ %$$ % $&$%&% % 2#'% "' #' &$ %'
" $&& & ' "!0 &$ % "$ "% %
" $&&% &$ '& %& % '/ %' %! % "$&'% %' / " )" $$%/ %' ) & + %' ''! % %
&$!%0 % % " % $% % "$&'% "& % % "$% % +
'%#'& &$$%, %'&,!0'#'%% %
"$ )% "$ % " % %&% $% #' % 955 6955 &$ % %& &% '%"$ %%" 0"$" " $#'
% % ))% %% #' "$%%& % $% $'$% + #' "' %$
,% " $ "'0 % $ )& "' $$%&$$ % "$&'%
&!*%' % % "%0
% "$&'% % "'% "' ,$ % '&% ' + " $ % " %
$&%% $%%% " $"$ !&$%"$&'%%' %
"%'0%$ %"'%"'#'$$ %%' '$&
' % %&%%$$ ) % ;0
$ (& ' "$ $)% % '! % $&,% "$ %' $% !'&,!"'%*&$&&!* %/% %%
"!)%+'&& $%"& &" $&$
#' ' ) "$ " $! % $&,% $,% % $ $% $
:
$%/075590$% $ %%&$'&'$$$$!""'%%" $"$ % $'&'$,!1;50%%$ 0'&$ 0
;
Davies, J.1990. “Enfoque agromédico sobre manejo de plaguicidas “ Organización Mundial de la
salud. Washington. U.S.A.
&$ " &' %$% %' $ '& $"'%%( #' & " $%%" % %(&%187
1 "$ % % " 1 %! $& $&( $%&$ 0
$+!0 "! "'% % "&0 "$%( * % &1 $ ' )%& %$% % $%&$ 0 " $ " )%& "$&"! %&$ %' "$ ! % '% $ 1 % % "'%
"$ % $%&$ % % "%% $ * #' $& %' '% %& "$& 6 % "$ $&$ $ " $%'"$ & &$%'"$((
%%51
% $+! % $%&$ % % $%1 % "'% % )" $$&$%0 $$$%0%'$%0%(&$&' %"+0&1"' "$$
%$&*"!3%'$4#'$"$ '& $ '%'$ 1% $&(%%&
$%&$ % $ % '&( % "$0 % %%0 % % & %$% '% 0 &1
)%& %'"$(% % #'$ ' & 0 & * "$ % " $
&$% $&(%1
% $ 90 : 6 0 '&+! % $' % %&$ % '& %
"$ % $%&$% % "$ (% & %&$ #' " $ %'
( & "' $($% &$+% "$ '& '&( % %'%"&% * '%
% %"$ %&$& %1+ (%%%& %"$ '& %"$ ($(
#'%%" % %% ('$%1
" $" % 0"'%% "$& %"$'&+$"&% $&% '&( % $%&%#'"'%$'&+ % &$ %'&( %/' &$ && % $&(%.$ %&$ $%*"$ '& $% $& %0 &$ 2
'#' "!'#'$& 0%"'$'$$% '$&
"!0 % &&% % ($% #' % &$ '& #' '% %'$ % '*
" "$ ($ "$&1 % "'% % % (%& % % $
&(0%'$'% *"$ !%&' %%6 $& $ 5"$' %$
" %%&' %$%0%'%% % !%5"$%!$ 5
87
Benencia, R. y J. Souza Casadinho. 1993. “ Alimentos y salud: Uso y abuso de pesticidas en la
horticultura bonaerense” Realidad Económica 114- 115 : I.A.D.E. Buenos Aires. Argentina
6#,'%'%,#$-,6#,'#%'+$(%,.#%%#.+%#,0++,'%'%,
.,'8
', )#., , )#% ,% .% '%'$%-' .' ,. )#+',6 ).+'6 '%
)+,'%, +#3%' -+, % #, %$'%,8 0%- )+'.-', +'%',6 # ,,
%'+$(%1,-%-%#',$+-,6#%1,-%*.)',)+'-(%6#%1,-%
)-(% -0 *.%, #', )#%6 +,.#-% #, #+, # $"'+ 0% *. #,
'%'%,.,'+'$%,%','%##0,#)+-8
8%,#*.)+'$'#$,'$)#"2%'++',6'$)+-#,-.(%'%'-+,
'$'##$%"6#',(%2#,'%0,,8
##$%"#',)+'.-',#.'#'$)+).+#3+,,#')'%#)'%,
,- # + #+6 #+' ,- *. % ,- /#-$' ,' # )+'.-' ). #%3+ #, )+,'%,
*. , ##% % #, %$'%, < $1$ #', %&', ;8 % # ,' # ',(% , #
$'$%-' % *. # )#. , ## $, + *.% +#3 # )#(%7 ++$,
,#).+,,'% 9%-,:'-%',8
,-+,,%+)'%%')++-$)'2
%+ )+'.-08 , '%,.%, ,'% 0%-, % # .+)' *.% +#3 #, -+,7
##,%#)#6-$#'+,6-8
'+ /#-$' # ,' %0,, , .% -) ,0+$%- + -8 .%*. #', '+%,$',
'#,2#,$)+,,)+'0'+,%,.$',+'$%%#-+)##0'2#,'36
)'+#'%+##',%0,,'%++'"',%#.+,%,) ',6%.#*.+#.+-%-'%-+'
'$'.+#1)#'-(%8,-$%+,$.2'$/%%'%-++,.+#,#'+-'
% # $2'+ #, 3'%, + '#, +%-%8 % ,-', ,-', #', %0,, , +%
#%-$%-6 '%-$%%' #', ,.#', 2 # .8 $% , +,-+% ,', %0,, *. ,'%
+#', )+ .,' '$,-' < ++' .; .%' %' ')', )'+ +#'+, '% #,
'%,.%*.,-')',%,.,#. ??8
%,-,'#%0,-(%)$'#(+%#,++$%-,%0%.#+#',
)#.,'%#)+(%%+$,8%%#.%',,',, #,)++#$)-'
*. ).% -%+ ,-', -(1', *.##', +#'%', '% # #$%-(%6 # '%--' '%
'-+, ,.,-%, *. $,6 #', -+%,'+$'+, '% 6 -86 %0,-'%, +#3, %
#'+-'+',6 ,-.', +-+',)-0', 2 #', +,-+', ,', %-'1(% % .%- .%
'.3,%'68@>>A89#,'%0,,)#.,%#%-.+(%'+- '#'%+%,:8
??
"'+%,1-%,(%#8'+%,'%#,1-%,(%.+#8,'(%+%-%
1-%,(%.+#;.#-%,++,8@>>A
3")2'",) /' )1/ ' -/"",) )/(0 20 5 /,)"0 5 ' ()%+ -' 2""0 BC<
< 012"+0 -"("+', "+0 +(2)"1/"+0: 012"+0 -/+0-1"3+0 5 /1/+0-1"3+0:
")301" "+)0/'"60+))"('0)'+/1+/"+05'01#01"!+0-"1'/")2)1
'4"01)"2)3")2'",))1/'+0-' 2""0>')'0-/1#2'0>5'-/"",)
1/(")0)/(0<
0-1+ ' ) '0 ")1+4""+)0 20 -2) -// '+0 0" 2")10 0#)1+(0;
"//"1",) '+0 +%+0 5 ' -"': *+0 ) ' 0"01(0 /0-"/1+/"+ 5 )"3' -2'(+)/: (/+0:
0)0+'-/0",)0) 2#):+'+/+(")':01/2",) ',2'+0/+%+05''0/)'0 BD
/+ '+ .2 0 (0 "(-+/1)1 0 ' -/"",) )/(0 1"-+ /,)"+; 0//+''+
)2/+', "+ )+/('BE : ")/()1+ ) ' ")")" ' '")+( )+ > !+&") BF: ",) ) '
-')1!2()+)-/+'")")")'0//+''++/1+0 BG<(")-212/)
'"3"0",)'2'/+)2)-+0"'")")")'-/"",))/0<BH
/'0+' '0")301" "+)0 5'0 )2)"0")301" ",)) 2)1'
-/"",) "//0: (/+0: +'+/ 6: )200: '' 0: +'+/ / )1 5 2/+0 0(BI<
/3"0",)''"1/12/")1#"0+"(-1+')+02')/3'3")"0'+01+0
1,4"+0/,)"+0)'0"01()/3"+0+:'0"01(")(2)+', "+:02",)"0/2-1+/),/")5
3")"0)++)'25)1002",)(21 )"5 )+1,4":0#+(+'-/+3+/)/
BC
/"'!:<0")*+<'3" "')"+)3)"+)''(+)"1+/+-/1""-1"3+<)1/+012"+0500+/#)
0'2<<2"1+<2+/
BD
3"01)'<CAAI<' 2""0+)-/+)12/"+:''"+01+<3"01'",))-' 2""05
020'1/)1"30-/(/"1")7IA<)1" +!"'<!"'
BE
/5:<5+1/+0CAAC"/1!10:00+)++)-1"+):)04+!"'/)+/)1+-01""
--'"1+/0'"3") ")1!/"3/3''5+"))0+1<)3"/+)()1'!'1!-/0-1"307BBA
2--'()1D<
BF
+00<5+1/+0<CAAD<
)1 /1"30000()1+(2'1"-'-01"")/"0&1+/0+/)+)+ &")=0
'5(-!+((+) ()<2-1"+)'))3"/+)()1'"")<<
BG
+&+) :!<CAAF<230-/20'-'" /+'!/""+2)>-<3"01"+0 2/"7
BGA
BH
3"01)'<CAAI<' 2""0+)-/+)12/"+:''"+01+<3"01'",))-' 2""05
020'1/)1"30-/(/"1")7IA<)1" +!"'<!"'
BI
%/)+:/))+5+1/+0CAAI<')+02')5020'1/)1"30<
><)1" +!"'<!"'
$ $#"+ "&*,&*& 2 "+ (&"&$+ -#$+ 1(-+,+ BI9 $ " +& +- ,&
+*-(,&* $'*$& + $ &+*/& ",*'$ $ " +**&""& +(+ $#"+7 ,*&
,+,-"* 2 *-'$ " (*&-'$ +(*# $ ##*&+7 ,#$ $,** "+
&*#&$+ +1-"+ #+-"$+ -+$& (*+'$ *'$ " ,+,&+,*&$ CA9 &* .",#& "
$&+-"$ + "" *"&$& &$ ,&+ $-*&"'&+ "*& ("3& &#& " ("(+ 2 "
$*#$,&"*+&"$*#*!$+&$ CB9
&* .",#&7 + ,&##&+ " * "&+ +$,&#+ 1(&+'$ - $"-2$ &"&* (&2&#$7&"&*37**,'$"*$,7$-++7/'#,&+7#*&+7,7
**7 (* ,#(&*" " /+'$7 **,'$ " ,*,& *+(*,&*&7 &$-+'$7 &$,*&$+
#-+-"*+7 (*"++ "+7 +$*&7 (*+'$ +$-$7 **,'$ " (" 2 & &+ 2
##*$+ #-&++7 *#,,+ 2 (* (,,&CC9 &* +- (*, " 1(&+'$ &*" *'$
(&+,&++&*"++,#$*/&+&$,*"7"+$*7"&2"&+*%&$+9&+*/&
-$ +#$-'$ $ " #&"&$ 2 "+ "-"+ *& + " +$*9 " C7 E + #&+,*&
#-,$& $ $/+,&$+ *"3+ $ -#$&+ 2 $#"+ CD9 $ (*&-&
$*#$,&++$,/&+%&"&+*&#&+&#+"-"+-#$+-",/++&#,+
&+$/"+1(&+'$9+(,&"&+,&++&*"++,#*(*&-,/&"C7E<-+
-$ $*#$,& +(*#,&3&+ $&*#"+ $ *-",&*+ 1(-+,&+9 $ "&+ "-*+ &$
-$ "/& -+& C7 E < + &+*/*&$ ,++ "/+ ,&+ &$$,&+7 #$,*+
)-$$#"+"&*,&*&"*(*&- &,&+,*,&$&+ CE9
BI
,,+*"9CAAH9$&+-"$9&$&*(&*,&$+*,&$&,$&+-"$(*&/+&$+&
$&*#,&$,&,,&!&"#&$/$,&$+*,*"&*,-+2,:+*/0&##,,9+,
,&$,0&*!+<9
CA
,,+*"9CAAG9+,+$*+,$*9!-(""9+,,&$,0&*!+<&9
$$9"2+
CB
+*7
9CAAG9/"&(#$,"1(&+-*,&(+,+3$$;&*$&+-"$*$*+,$*&+,*,"
&(#$"/"++0""++2+,##&*+-+(,",&,+$/*&$#$,"#"+",*$"9
*&,&1&"&24CH,&(&*,,+$&$&*(&*,&$+*,&$&,$&+-"$(*&/+&$+
&$&*#,&$,&,,&!&"#&$/$,&$+*,*"&*,-+2,:+*/0&##,,9
+,,&$,0&*!+<9
CC
*$&2&,*&+9CAAG9C7E<3&$+(*+-(*&'$9<91&
CD
$&$9CAAF9$/*&$#$,"*&,,&$$2>?&$+-#*,+,&$8C7E=8*&-$,*$
*$!$,*9,,(;;0009(9&/;+0,*;&$,#$$,+;0<&$,#+;CE<9,#"
CE
*$&2&,*&+9CAAG9C7E<3&$+(*+-(*&'$9<91&
/ ! $ !# #$ ( # $" $ " $#) $!!"$!#(!/!!
# !" #" ( " !"$& " ! #"/ " #!"# " !#- "$" 372 " $" $#)" #!" ( "$ !$ !
! " 82 " #"- " ! $ 42; "$ !)/"#"! $"!$#"!"( $"0"!$"#"
0(#"!"!"$" 35/
!#!!#""!$!#"!$!#!
"#!#"!"!"($"#!#""#"!$#&"!"
"" $#! $ " "$"- &!" ( #$! "
"$&"$!!"#"&!#""# $-!#!
$" "$" "( $(&!"#!" $
#!!"/!"#"!/
'"#&# $&$$#)('"$"!
"#"#'$" ( "!! !" #!/ " "
#!# $" !" " &$" "# " " 522 !$" $" $"$#)"")"/
#!# !#! (" #&"- #" ! ( &&!"/ " "
#! ! (/ ! $! ""- # ( &# ! !! "
!$#" " #'"- !"#!! $" " $ " " # ( #!! #" "
#"" !"! !)-$""#" &""
"#"#'"/
! %# $ $ !) $# " " !$! #" "" ( # "$#
! $#!! #" " "!" $" " $#)! !#'"/ "# " " "" "
#"!!#&"##""!!&"#!$#
$"#!#" $##!"""#"!$#&""$"##"/
" " !&! "!! # ""#" !" !#! #&" "#!$#" # $ # ! #" ( ""!"/
35
$)"-/!$"#"."!" $"$"//&"#/*76/#
/