19. Eugenio d`Ors: cultura de élite y aristocracia de la conducta, por

EUGEN IO D’OR S: CU LT U R A DE ÉL IT E Y
A R ISTOCR ACI A DE L A CONDUC TA
Marisa Sotelo Vázquez
Universitat de Barcelona
$ SULQFLSLRV GH (XJHQLR G·2UV DXWRU GH UHFRQRFLGR SUHVWLJLR SRU VX DFWLYLGDG
SHULRGtVWLFDLQLFLDGDHQFRQHO GlosariGHVGHODVFROXPQDVGHLa Veu de CatalunyaKDFtD
EDODQFH GH VX IHFXQGD DFWLYLGDG LQWHOHFWXDO \ GH VXV SUR\HFWRV HGLWRULDOHV PiV LQPHGLDWRV
FRQODVVLJXLHQWHVSDODEUDV
(QUHDOLGDGQRHVFULERQLKHHVFULWRPiVTXHWUHVREUDVXQDGRQGHTXLVLHUDH[SRQHUPL
SHQVDPLHQWR UHGXFLGR D XQLGDG HV GHFLU D VLVWHPD GH ILORVRItD pVWH YR\ GiQGROR HQ
OHFFLRQHVFDGDOHFFLyQXQ FDStWXORODSULPHUDSDUWHGHOYDVWRSODQ\DHVWDEOHFLGRHVWiKR\
UHGDFWDGDVHUHILHUHDOD'LDOpFWLFDOD3VLFRORJtD\OD)tVLFDVHJXLUiQVLWHQJRIXHU]DVSDUDGDU
WpUPLQRDDTXpOHOFRQMXQWRKDGHIRUPDUXQRUJDQLVPRTXH\DVHKDOODPDGR©)LORVRItDGHOD
,QWHOLJHQFLDª HQ FDWDOiQ 6HQ\ R HQ WtWXOR H[RWpULFR ©)LORVRItD GHO KRPEUH TXH WUDEDMD \
MXHJDǻ /D VHJXQGD REUD VH HQFDUD QR FRQ XQD H[LJHQFLD GH XQLGDG VLQR FRQ OD OLEUH
GLYHUVLGDGGHOPXQGR\GHODYLGDHVWHHVHOGlosario, >«@FX\DQRLQLQWHUUXPSLGDSXEOLFDFLyQ
FXHQWDKR\GLH]DxRV/DWHUFHUDREUDHVODFUyQLFDGHXQDOXFKDSRUODFXOWXUDFRQFHQWUDGD
DTXt HQ PL &DWDOXxD QDWLYD HQ HOOD HPSOHDQGR FRQ DKLQFDGD WHQDFLGDG ORV LQVWUXPHQWRV
SURIHVLRQDOHV \ RILFLDOHV TXH OD YLGD S~EOLFD GHO SDtV KD SXHVWR HQ PLV PDQRV VH KDQ
FRVHFKDGR\DDPDEOHVIUXWRV>«@FDGDIXQGDFLyQFDGDUHVWDXUDFLyQFDGDQXHYDHVWUXFWXUD
HQ OD HGXFDFLyQ R HQ OD HQVHxDQ]D GHO SDtV LQLFLD XQ FDStWXOR HQ HVWD REUD VXV SiJLQDV VH
OODPDQ DOWHUQDWLYDPHQWH LQVWLWXWRV HVFXHODV ELEOLRWHFDV UHYLVWDV FXUVRV 'H ODV WUHV KLMDV
PtDV QR HV HVWD REUD OD TXH KD\D FUHFLGR PHQRV \ VHJXUDPHQWH QR HV SDUD Pt OD PHQRV
DPDGD·2UV
/DIHFKDGHHVWDH[WHQVDUHIOH[LyQTXHDSDUHFLyFRPRSUHIDFLRDEl Nuevo GlosarioQRHV
EDODGt SRUTXH HQ (XJHQLR·2UV KDEtD SHUGLGR LQMXVWDPHQWH HQ XQR GH ORV
HSLVRGLRVPiVVyUGLGRVGHODXQLYHUVLGDGHVSDxRODODRSRVLFLyQDODFiWHGUDGH3VLFRORJtD
GHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGH%DUFHORQD3RFRGHVSXpVHQWUDVODPXHUWHGHVXYDOHGRUHQOD
SROtWLFDFDWDODQD3UDWGHOD5LEDLEDDVHUGHIHQHVWUDGRGHVXFDUJRHQHOGHSDUWDPHQWRGH
LQVWUXFFLyQS~EOLFDGHOD0DQFRPXQLWDWGH&DWDOXxD)XHURQDxRVGLItFLOHVSDUDHOLGHyORJR
FDWDOiQTXHVHUHIXJLyHQODHVFULWXUDFRWLGLDQDGHOGlosarioUHGDFWDGRDKRUDHQFDVWHOODQR\
HQ HO DSR\R GH ORV DPLJRV PDGULOHxRV VLQJXODUPHQWH ORV LQVWLWXFLRQLVWDV \ VREUH WRGR
WDPELpQ2UWHJDHO~QLFRPLHPEURGHOWULEXQDOTXHOHKDEtDDSR\DGRHQODIDOOLGDRSRVLFLyQ
DFiWHGUD(QODH[WHQVDUHIOH[LyQFLWDGDVREUHVXDFWLYLGDGLQWHOHFWXDOGLVWLQJXtD·2UVWUHV
DVSHFWRVTXHFRQYLHQHFRQVLGHUDUHORUJiQLFR\VLVWHPiWLFRSHQVDGRFRPRXQYHUGDGHUR
VLVWHPD ILORVyILFR TXH FULVWDOL]DUtD HQ OD REUD La filosofía del hombre que trabaja y que juega,
GHVWLQDGDDXQS~EOLFRPLQRULWDULRHLOXVWUDGR; HOSHULRGtVWLFR DWHQWRD ODOLEUHGLYHUVLGDG
GHO PXQGR \ GH OD YLGD \ FDSD] GH UHSURGXFLU «OHV SDOSLWDFLRQV GHOV WHPSV» HV GHFLU HO
Glosario,GHVWLQDGRDXQS~EOLFRPXFKRPiVDPSOLR\KHWHURJpQHR\SRU~OWLPRODWHUFHUD
YHUWLHQWH GH VX DFWLYLGDG HV OD FUyQLFD GH XQD OXFKD SRU OD FXOWXUD TXH VH FRQFUHWDED HQ
213
Tradición e interculturalidad. Las relaciones entre lo culto y lo popular (siglos XIX-XX)
214
UHDOL]DFLRQHVSUiFWLFDVHVFXHODVELEOLRWHFDVLQVWLWXFLRQHVGLYHUVDV\SXEOLFDFLRQHVFRQHOILQ
GHUHJHQHUDU\HOHYDUODFXOWXUDGHOSXHEORFDWDOiQ$FDEDOORHQWUHODSULPHUD\ODWHUFHUDGH
VXV SUHPLVDV VH HQPDUFDQ ODV FRQIHUHQFLDV TXH HO ILOyVRIR \ DFWLYLVWD FXOWXUDO FDWDOiQ
SURQXQFLy0DGULGHQODVSULPHUDVGpFDGDVGHOVLJOR;;
(Q HQ YLGD WRGDYtD GH VX DGPLUDGR GRQ )UDQFLVFR *LQHU GH ORV 5tRV (XJHQLR
G·2UV HV LQYLWDGR D SURQXQFLDU XQD FRQIHUHQFLDHQ OD 5HVLGHQFLD GH (VWXGLDQWHV WLWXODGD
«'HOD$PLVWDG\GHO'LiORJR»DSHQDVXQDxRGHVSXpVHQYROYLyQXHYDPHQWHDOD
5HVLGHQFLD GRQGH HUD TXHULGR \ UHVSHWDGR SDUD KDEODU GH «$SUHQGL]DMH \ KHURtVPR» \
SRU ~OWLPR HQ SURQXQFLy OD WHUFHUD FRQIHUHQFLD FRPSOHPHQWDULD GH ODV DQWHULRUHV
VREUH «*UDQGH]D \ 6HUYLGXPEUH GH OD ,QWHOLJHQFLD » (VWDV FRQIHUHQFLDV HYLGHQFLDQ XQ
QXHYRHVWLORLQWHOHFWXDOXQDQXHYDPDQHUDGHHQWHQGHUODFXOWXUD\ODPLVLyQGHOLQWHOHFWXDO
FRPRJXtDGHODVPDVDVDVtFRPRUHLYLQGLFDQODQHFHVLGDGGHOOHYDUDFDERDWUDYpVGHOD
FXOWXUDXQDSURIXQGDUHJHQHUDFLyQHQWRGRVORViPELWRVGHODYLGDVRFLDO(VGHFLU
HO REMHWLYR ²TXH FDVDED ELHQ FRQ ORV LGHDOHV GH )UDQFLVFR *LQHU SRGUtD UHVXPLUVH HQ HO
WtWXORGHHVWDFRPXQLFDFLyQ«FXOWXUDGHpOLWH\DULVWRFUDFLDGHODFRQGXFWD»
(XJHQLR G·2UV VH FRQYLHUWH DVt HQ XQR PiV GH ORV LQWHOHFWXDOHV TXH QR VROR GHVGH OD
plazuela popular del periodismo²HQ SDODEUDVGH2UWHJDVLQRWDPELpQGHVGH HOIRURHOLWLVWD\
XQLYHUVLWDULR GH OD 5HVLGHQFLD GH (VWXGLDQWHV HQ OD MXDQUDPRQLDQD FROLQD GH ORV FKRSRV
UHLYLQGLFDUiODREUDELHQKHFKD3DUDHOORSDUWLUiHQODSULPHUDFRQIHUHQFLDGHODQHFHVLGDG
GHOOHYDUDFDERXQH[DPHQGHFRQFLHQFLDFROHFWLYRTXHSRQJDDOGHVFXELHUWRHOYHUGDGHUR
PDOGHORVHVSDxROHVODSREUH]DFXOWXUDO&RQFOXVLyQTXHQRHUDQXHYDSXHVGHVGHILQDOHV
GHO VLJOR ;,; GHVGH 8QDPXQR D ORV LQVWLWXFLRQLVWDV SDVDQGR SRU XQ EXHQ Q~PHUR GH
SHQVDGRUHVWRGRVFRLQFLGHQHQODQHFHVLGDGGHXQDUHJHQHUDFLyQFXOWXUDOTXHVLQUHQXQFLDU
DRWURVDVSHFWRVDWLHQGDVREUHWRGRDOGHOKRPEUHLQWHULRU
(VWDV FRQIHUHQFLDV YLQFXODQ H[SOtFLWDPHQWH HO SHQVDPLHQWR GRUVLDQR D OD ,QVWLWXFLyQ
/LEUHGH(QVHxDQ]D\VREUHWRGRDOiPELWRGHODPDGULOHxD5HVLGHQFLDGH(VWXGLDQWHVHQ
XQRVDxRVHQ TXH WDPELpQHQ %DUFHORQDVH HVWDEDIUDJXDQGRODFUHDFLyQGHOD5HVLGHQFLD
G·(VWXGLDQWV GH &DWDOXQ\D IUXWR GH XQD GHFLVLyQ WRPDGD HQ HO ,, &RQJUpV 8QLYHUVLWDUL
&DWDOj HQ \ TXH FULVWDOL]DUtD HQ VX IXQGDFLyQ HQ FXDQGR HO LGHyORJR GHO
QRXFHQWLVPHVHWUDVODGDD0DGULGWUDVODUXSWXUDFRQORVGLULJHQWHVGHOD0DQFRPXQLWDW/D
5HVLGHQFLD G·(VWXGLDQWV GH &DWDOXQ\D VXUJH SXHV ODPHQWDEOHPHQWH DO PDUJHQ GH (XJHQLR
G·2UVTXHLQGXGDEOHPHQWHKXELHUDSRGLGR GHVHPSHxDUHQHOODXQ LPSRUWDQWHPDJLVWHULR
/D YLGD GH GLFKD LQVWLWXFLyQ HQ &DWDOXxD )XOFDUj 7RUURHOOD WXYR WUHV
HWDSDVODSULPHUDHOWLHPSRGHOD0DQFRPXQLWDWODVHJXQGDHOWLHPSRGHOD'LFWDGXUD\OD
WHUFHUDHOWLHPSRGHOD*HQHUDOLWDW'XUDQWHODSULPHUDHWDSDVXGLUHFWRUIXHHOPDOORUTXtQ
0LTXHO)HUUjGLVFtSXORGH&RVWD\/OREHUDIXQGDGRU\GLUHFWRUGHODUHYLVWDMitjorn
\GHEl Correu de les Lletres/RVREMHWLYRVFRPRTXHGDSDWHQWHHQHOGRFXPHQWRIXQGDFLRQDO
HUDQORVPLVPRVTXHORVGHOD5HVLGHQFLDPDGULOHxDGLULJLGDHQWRQFHVSRU$OEHUWR-LPpQH]
)UDXGWDOFRPRVHGHVSUHQGHGHODVVLJXLHQWHVSDODEUDV «HOPRGHOQRFDOEXVFDUORpVMD
XQD UHDOLWDW D OD 5HVLGqQFLD G·(VWXGLDQWV GH 0DGULG FUHDGD SHU OD -XQWD SHU D O·$PSOLDFLy
G·(VWXGLVHOVREMHWLXVGHODTXDOHOSRQHQWWUDQVFULXOLWHUDOPHQW»)XOFDUj7RUURHOOD
'HORVFRQWDFWRVHQWUHODLQVWLWXFLyQFDWDODQD\·2UVVRORKHORFDOL]DGRHOWHVWLPRQLR
GH3LHUUH9LODUTXHIXHXQRGHORVSULPHURVLQYHVWLJDGRUHVH[WUDQMHURVTXHVHKRVSHGyHQ
HQODFDVDIXQGDFLRQDOVLWXDGDHQHOEDUULRGH6DQ*HUYDVLRHQODFDOOH5tRV5RVDV
5HYHLJ OD IUHGRU OD LURQLD HQWULVWLGD DPE TXq IRX DFROOLW D OD 5HVLGqQFLD XQ FqOHEUH
HVFULSWRUDEDQVDPLFGHODFDVDSHURODFDUUHUDLQWHOOHFWXDOGHOTXDOLQDXJXUDGDHQOHVOOHWUHV
FDWDODQHVDFDEDYDGHVHUFRURQDGDVRWD3ULPRGH5LYHUDDO·$FDGqPLDGH0DGULG©;qQLXVª
$ODQHFHVLGDGGHXQH[DPHQGHFRQFLHQFLDFROHFWLYRVHKDEtDUHIHULGR8QDPXQRHQORVHQVD\RVGH La
España Moderna UHFRJLGRVHQOLEURFRQHOWtWXORGHEn torno al casticismo8QDPXQR
&IEl Ideal de la Humanidad para la vidaGH6DQ]GHO5tR
Eugenio d’Ors: cultura de élite... Marisa Sotelo Vázquez
215
MD QR HUD VLQy GRQ (XJHQLR G·2UV GXUDQW TXDWUH GLHV GHVHQURWOOj GDYDQW XQ DXGLWRUL
VLOHQFLyV EULOODQWV SDUDGR[HV VREUH OD ,WjOLD PXVVROLQLDQD G·RQ YHQLD KRP VXJHUt HQ DQDU
VH·QTXHHOVHXDEDQGyGHOFDWDODQLPHVHULDVHJXLWG·DOWUHVSHFDWVFRQWUDO·HVSHULWSURIHFtD
TXHQRP·KDQGHL[DWREOLGDUHOVHVGHYHQLPHQWVGHOVDQ\VVHJHQWV3LHUUH9LODU
3DUDGyMLFDPHQWH DTXHOOD FDVD TXH UHSUHVHQWDED HO HVStULWX GH 3UDW GH OD 5LED HO JUDQ
YDOHGRUGH·2UVDOIUHQWHGHODVHPSUHVDVFXOWXUDOHVGHOD0DQFRPXQLWDWLEDDGDUOHXQD
IUtD DFRJLGD WDO FRPR HYRFD HO HPLQHQWH KLVWRULDGRU IUDQFpV )ULDOGDG OyJLFD TXH WHQtD
IRU]RVDPHQWHTXHYHUFRQODGHULYDLGHROyJLFDGHODXWRUGHOGlosariKDFLDILQDOHVGHORVDxRV
YHLQWH$QDVtODHYRFDFLyQVXEUD\DODEULOODQWH]GHOSHQVDPLHQWRGRUVLDQR
9ROYLHQGRGHQXHYRDODWULORJtDGHFRQIHUHQFLDVPDGULOHxDVFRQYLHQHSUHFLVDUTXHDOD
UHJHQHUDFLyQ GH RUGHQ PRUDO \ HVSLULWXDO (XJHQLR G·2UV DxDGLUi XQD QXHYD GLPHQVLyQ
EDVDGD HQ XQ O~FLGR DQiOLVLV GH OD YLGD HVSDxROD TXH OH SHUPLWH OOHJDU D XQD FRQFOXVLyQ
GRORURVDORVHVSDxROHVWHQtDQXQYLFLRSURSLRGHHVFODYRV «/DLQFDSDFLGDGHVSHFtILFDSDUD
HOHMHUFLFLRGHODDPLVWDG»·2UV&RQFOXVLyQTXHDSDUHQWHPHQWHWLHQHSRFRTXH
YHU FRQ OD YLGD FXOWXUDO SHUR VyOR DSDUHQWHPHQWH WDO FRPR GHPRVWUDUi HQ HO UHVWR GH OD
FRQIHUHQFLD
(VDLQFDSDFLGDGSDUDODDPLVWDGSDVDGHOWHUUHQRDIHFWLYRDOLQWHOHFWXDO\GHHOODGHULYD
«ODWUiJLFDLQHSWLWXGSDUDHOGLiORJRTXHFDXVDXQDSURIXQGDHVWHULOLGDGLQWHOHFWXDO»·2UV
DVSHFWR HVWH GHVJUDFLDGDPHQWH WRGDYtD KR\ GH FDQGHQWH DFWXDOLGDG /DPHQWD
Xènius TXH ORV HVSDxROHV PiV TXH FRQYHUVDUR GLDORJDU PRQRORJXHQ FRQWLQXDPHQWH 3RU
HOOR FRPR FRUUHFWLYR ILQJH XQ GLiORJR FRQ VX!OWHUHJR 2FWDYLR 5RPHX HQ HO TXH OH
FRPXQLFD TXH YD D HPSUHQGHU XQ ODUJR YLDMH HQ EXVFD GH XQ LQWHUORFXWRU «%XVFR
VLPSOHPHQWHXQLQWHUORFXWRU²FRVDH[TXLVLWDHLQDSUHFLDEOHXQLQWHUORFXWRU»·2UV
(VWDQHFHVLGDGGHXQLQWHUORFXWRUSDUDTXHIUXFWLILTXHHOSHQVDPLHQWRKDEtDDSDUHFLGR
\DHQ8QDPXQRDXQTXHTXL]iFRQXQPDWL]DOJRGLVWLQWRFXDQGRHVFULEH «1RVpKDEODUVL
QRYHRXQRVRMRVTXHPHPLUDQ\QRVLHQWRGHWUiVXQHVStULWXTXHPHDWLHQGH»8QDPXQR
LGHD TXH SUHOXGLD OD E~VTXHGD GH LQWHUORFXWRU GH &DUPHQ 0DUWtQ *DLWH HQ VX
IRUPXODFLyQPiVFHUFDQDDOFRQFHSWRGHGLiORJRGRUVLDQRFXDQGRHVFULEH «1REDVWDFRQ
TXHUHUTXHXQRVRMRVQRVPLUHQ\XQRVRtGRVQRVHVFXFKHQWDPELpQQRVRWURVWHQHPRVTXH
PLUDUHVRVRMRV\DSUHQGHUDJUDGXDUHOULWPRGHQXHVWUDYR]SDUDDGDSWDUORDHVRVRtGRV»
0DUWtQ*DLWH
/DHMHPSOLILFDFLyQGHOSURIXQGRYDORUGHOGLiORJRFRPRPpWRGRGHFRQRFLPLHQWR\GH
FRPXQLFDFLyQ FRQ HO RWUR DUUDQFD HQ HO FDVR GH Xènius GH OD ILORVRItD VRFUiWLFD '·2UV
FRQVLGHUDDO ILOyVRIRJULHJRLQLFLDGRU GHOYHUGDGHURGLiORJRTXH HVFDSD] GH GDU\ UHFLELU
SRUHOORFRQVLGHUDTXHORVLQWHUORFXWRUHVGH6yFUDWHVIXHURQDXWpQWLFRVFRODERUDGRUHVHQVX
REUD'HODPLVPDPDQHUDTXHDVXMXLFLRQRVHHQWLHQGHQORVGLiORJRVGH*RHWKHVLQOD
QHFHVDULD FRODERUDFLyQ GH (FNHUPDQQ VLQ VX FRQVWDQWH \ IHFXQGR HVWtPXOR '·2UV
FRQIURQWDODPDQHUDVRFUiWLFD\JRHWKLDQDFRQODDFWLWXGPRQRORJDQWHJHQHUDOL]DGDGHORV
HVSDxROHVSDUDFRQFOXLUVXSHVLPLVWDGLDJQyVWLFR
&RPSDUDGOD FRQ OD GH WDQWRV HVTXLYRV D XOWUDQ]D \ FRQ OD GH WDQWRV RWURV TXH
FRQRFHPRV TXH VH SDUDSHWDURQ WUDV GH XQD GRFWULQD \ \D QR OD FDPELDQ QL OD FDPELDUiQ
SRU OD OHFWXUD GH OD QRWLFLD QL SRU HVFXFKDGD SDODEUD GH KRPEUH < FRQ OD GH WDQWRV
PRQRORJDGRUHVGHFiWHGUD<FRQODGHWDQWRVPRQRORJDGRUHVGHFDIp<FRQODGHWDQWRV
SDUOHURVTXHFRQYHUVDQDEXQGDQWHPHQWHHQDSDULHQFLDSHURFX\DFRQYHUVDFLyQHVVLHPSUH
XQVDFULILFLRHQTXHKD\XQYHUGXJR\XQDYtFWLPDXQDYtFWLPDTXHHVHOPiVWtPLGRGHORV
GRVSDUODGRUHVHOPiVGLVFUHWRRHOPHMRUHGXFDGR·2UV
4XpDFWXDOLGDG\YLJHQFLDWLHQHQ WRGDYtDKR\HVWDVUHIOH[LRQHV GRUVLDQDVFX\D
LPSRUWDQFLDVXSRYHUPHMRUTXHQDGLHXQHVSHFWDGRUGHH[FHSFLyQ$]RUtQTXHDVLVWLyDWHQWD
PHQWHDODFRQIHUHQFLDFXDQGRHVFULEH
Tradición e interculturalidad. Las relaciones entre lo culto y lo popular (siglos XIX-XX)
216
(Q OD SOiWLFD FRUGLDO TXH Xenius WXYR KDFH SRFDV QRFKHV HQ OD UHVLGHQFLD GH HVWXGLDQWHV
QRV KDEODED VXWLOPHQWH GHO DUWH GHO GLiORJR /RV HVSDxROHV GHFtD
2UV QR VDEHPRV QL
HVFXFKDUQLGLDORJDU/DPDQHUDHVSDxRODGHODFRQYHUVDFLyQHVVROHPQH\HQIiWLFDSHQVDPRV
HQ QRVRWURV PLVPRV FXDQGR KDEODPRV \ QR HQ QXHVWUR LQWHUORFXWRU £4Xp SRFRV VRQ ORV
SROtWLFRVHVSDxROHVTXHFXDQGRQRVDFHUFDPRVDHOORVHQXQPRPHQWRFUtWLFRVRQFDSDFHV
GH WHQHU OD SHUVSLFDFLD R OD JHQHURVLGDG GH LQWHUURJDUQRV < £TXp JUDWD FRVD HQ HVRV
PRPHQWRV GLItFLOHV GH QXHVWUD YLGD OD LQWHUURJDFLyQ OD LQWHUURJDFLyQ TXH VXSRQH HQ TXLHQ
SUHJXQWD LQWHUpV FXULRVLGDG REMHWLYLGDG DEDQGRQR SRU XQ PRPHQWR GH OD SURSLD
SHUVRQDOLGDG SDUD HQWUDU HQ OD DMHQD ¢'HMDUHPRV ORV HVSDxROHV DOJXQD YH] HVWD PDQHUD
HQIiWLFD \ HJRtVWD" 'H GHVHDU HV TXH HO HVWLOR GH ODV FRQYHUVDFLRQHV YD\D WUDQVIRUPiQGRVH
GXOFLILFiQGRVHKXPDQL]iQGRVH$]RUtQ
/DFXOWXUDEDVDGDHQXQDDFWLWXGGLDORJDQWHHVIXQGDPHQWDOSDUD·2UVSXHVHOKRPEUH
TXH GD \ QR UHFLEH TXH PRQRORJD LQLQWHUUXPSLGDPHQWH «REUD HQ IXQFLyQ GH XQ
SHQVDPLHQWRGRJPiWLFR»>«@PLHQWUDVTXHHOTXH «HQWUHJD\UHFRJH\UHFRJHHQWUHJDQGR
\HQWUHJDUHFRJLHQGRHOTXH©GLDORJD»HQILQREUDHQIXQFLyQGH3HQVDPLHQWRILORVyILFR»
·2UV
(Q OD FRQIHUHQFLD VREUH Aprendizaje y heroísmo (XJHQLR G·2UV GHVDUUROOD OD
VHJXQGDSDUWHGHOWtWXORGHHVWDFRPXQLFDFLyQODDULVWRFUDFLDGHODFRQGXFWDHVDTXHQRVH
KHUHGD \ TXH KD\ TXH HMHUFLWDU GLDULDPHQWH (Q HO SyUWLFR TXH DQWHFHGH D OD FRQIHUHQFLD
GHFODUD «QXHVWUD UHXQLyQ HQ HVWD FDVD REHGHFH DO GHVLJQLR GH IRUPDU HQ (VSDxD DOJR DVt
FRPR XQD DULVWRFUDFLD GH OD FRQGXFWD» ·2UV 3RU HOOR GHGLFDUi WRGD OD
H[SRVLFLyQDODGHIHQVDGHOWUDEDMRELHQKHFKRGHFXDOTXLHUWUDEDMRSRUKXPLOGHTXHpVWH
VHDSRUTXHWRGRVORVRILFLRVSXHGHQVHUQREOHVVLVHHMHFXWDQFRQKRQHVWLGDG\HQWXVLDVPR
(YLGHQWHPHQWH HVWDV LGHDV HVWiQ HQ SHUIHFWD DUPRQtD FRQ ORV LGHDOHV SHGDJyJLFRV GH OD
,QVWLWXFLyQ TXH WDQWD LQIOXHQFLD LEDQ D HMHUFHU HQ XQ EXHQ Q~PHUR GH LQWHOHFWXDOHV
HVSDxROHV GH SULQFLSLRV GHO VLJOR ;; GHVGH -XDQ 5DPyQ \ VX trabajo gustoso D $QWRQLR
0DFKDGR-XDQ GH 0DLUHQD FRQ VXV DIRULVPRV «GHVSDFLWR \ EXHQD OHWUD TXH HO KDFHU ODV
FRVDV ELHQ LPSRUWD PiV TXH HO KDFHUODV» ORV SRHWDV GHO \ WDQWRV RWURV LQWHOHFWXDOHV R
FLHQWtILFRVTXHHQPD\RURPHQRUPHGLGDVHYLQFXODURQDOD,/(6LJXLHQGRORVSRVWXODGRV
HVHQFLDOHVGHODSHGDJRJtDJLQHULDQDGHUDt]VRFUiWLFD·2UVHVFULEH
+D\ XQD PDQHUD GH GLEXMDU FDULFDWXUDV GH WUDEDMDU OD PDGHUD \ WDPELpQ GH OLPSLDU GH
HVWLpUFROODVSOD]DVRGHHVFULELUGLUHFFLRQHVTXHUHYHODTXHHQODDFWLYLGDGVHKDSXHVWRDPRU
FXLGDGR GH SHUIHFFLyQ \ DUPRQtD \ XQD SHTXHxD FKLVSD GH IXHJR SHUVRQDO HVR TXH ORV
DUWLVWDVOODPDQHVWLORSURSLR\TXHQRKD\REUDQLREULOODKXPDQDHQTXHQRSXHGDIORUHFHU
0DQHUDGHWUDEDMDUTXHHVODEXHQD/DRWUDODGHPHQRVSUHFLDUHORILFLRWHQLpQGRORSRUYLO
HQOXJDUGHUHGLPLUOR\VHFUHWDPHQWHWUDQVIRUPDUORHVPDODHLQPRUDO·2UV
< HQWUH WRGRV ORV HMHPSORV VREUH OD HMHFXFLyQ GH GLIHUHQWHV WUDEDMRV X RILFLRV·2UV
UHFXUUHDXQTXHVLQPHQFLRQDUORDGDWRVDXWRELRJUiILFRVFXDQGRVHxDODODGLIHUHQFLDHQWUH
HOSHULRGLVWDTXHVHVLHQWHIUXVWUDGRSRUTXHTXHUUtDKDFHUEXHQDOLWHUDWXUDVLQFRQVHJXLUOR\
ORDFKDFDDOPHGLRSHULRGtVWLFR\HOTXHORFRQVLJXHGHVGHODKXPLOGHFROXPQDGLDULD «<R
Vp GH RWUR SHULRGLVWD TXH HVWi RUJXOORVR \ FRQ UD]yQ GH KDEHUOR FXPSOLGR DVt FRQ XQ
WUDEDMLOORFRWLGLDQR\KXPLOGHTXHOHIXHHQFDUJDGRHQVXVFRPLHQ]RV»·2UV
6HHVWiUHILULHQGRDVXWUDEDMRHQVXVFRPLHQ]RVSHULRGtVWLFRVTXHQRHUDRWUTXHUHGDFWDU
QRWDV EUHYHV PLVFHOiQHDV \ DPHQDV VREUH FXHVWLRQHV FRWLGLDQDV SUDFWLFDQGR HQ
FRQVHFXHQFLD XQ JpQHUR DSDUHQWHPHQWH PHQRU TXH SRGUtD FDEHU EDMR ORV PDUEHWHV GH
«6HFFLyQDPHQD» «'HDTXt\GHDOOi»R «&XULRVLGDGHV» SHURSURFXUDQGROOHYDUDHVHRILFLR
&IORVEnsayosGH)UDQFLVFR*LQHUGHORV5tRV0DGULG$OLDQ]DHGLWRULDO, HVSHFLDOPHQWHODVSiJLQDV
Eugenio d’Ors: cultura de élite... Marisa Sotelo Vázquez
217
«HVStULWX \ DPRU» \ GH DKt TXH IXHUD FDSD] GH HOHYDU OD DQpFGRWD D FDWHJRUtD WDO FRPR
SUHWHQGtDVXGlosari.
(QODVHJXQGDSDUWHGHODFRQIHUHQFLD·2UVVHSODQWHDFyPRGHVSHUWDUHQORVMyYHQHV
HQORVHVWXGLDQWHVHODPRUSRUODREUDELHQKHFKDSRUHOWUDEDMRELHQKHFKRTXHIXHXQD
GHODVPHWDVGHORVLQVWLWXFLRQLVWDV(QSULPHUOXJDUKD\TXHVHxDODUTXH·2UVVHGHFODUD
FRQWUDULR D OD SHGDJRJtD GH ODV HPRFLRQHV YLJHQWH HQ HO 5RPDQWLFLVPR \ TXH WDQWRV
SHUMXLFLRVKDEtDRFDVLRQDGRDOGHIHQGHUXQDSUHQGL]DMHHVSRQWiQHRUHQHJDQGRGHOHVIXHU]R
\GHORVPHGLRVPHFiQLFRVROLEUHVFRVSRUORTXHWHQtDQGHIDWLJRVRV3DUD(XJHQLRG·2UV
HVGHFLVLYDODSULRULGDGGHOFRQRFLPLHQWRVREUHHOLQWHUpVSRUTXHQRSRGHPRVLQWHUHVDUQRV
SRU OR TXH GHVFRQRFHPRV «&DEUtD DILUPDU SRU FRQVLJXLHQWH TXH QR VDEHPRV ODV FRVDV
SRUTXHDQWHULRUPHQWHQRVKD\DPRVLQWHUHVDGRHQHOODVVLQRTXHQRVLQWHUHVDPRVSRUHOODV
SRUTXHDQWHVODVKHPRVKDVWDFLHUWRSXQWRVDELGR»·2UV
5HLYLQGLFDQGRODLPSRUWDQFLDHVHQFLDOGHODPHPRULDHQHODSUHQGL]DMHLQWHOHFWXDO «1R
UHFRUGDPRV ODV FRVDV SRUTXH HOODV QRV KD\DQ LQWHUHVDGR VLQR TXH QRV LQWHUHVDQ SRU HO
UHFXHUGRTXH\DWHQHPRVGHHOODV»©·2UV<HQRWURPRPHQWRGHIRUPDWRGDYtD
PiVFDWHJyULFDGLFH«(O(YDQJHOLRGHOFRQRFLPLHQWRKXPDQRSXHGHH[SOLFDUVXJpQHVLVDVt
©(Q XQ SULQFLSLR IXH OD 0HPRULD» ·2UV 3XHV D VX MXLFLR WRGRV ORV TXH KDQ
SUDFWLFDGR OD PHWRGRORJtD GH OR UD]RQDEOH OR LQWXLWLYR OR O~GLFR OR IiFLO OR DWUD\HQWH
KDEtDQ IUDFDVDGR \D TXH HQ HO DSUHQGL]DMH GH FXDOTXLHU SURIHVLyQ X RILFLR QR SXHGH
ROYLGDUVHHOHYDQJHOLRGHOFRQRFLPLHQWRHVGHFLUHOHVIXHU]RODGLVFLSOLQDHOHMHUFLFLRGHOD
PHPRULD TXH FRQGXFH D OD REUD ELHQ KHFKD HMHFXWDGD FRQ GLJQLGDG FRQ DPRU \ FRQ
HQWXVLDVPR \ HQ FRQVHFXHQFLD D OD UHJHQHUDFLyQ PRUDO TXH VyOR HV SRVLEOH GHVGH ORV
PHQFLRQDGRVSUHVXSXHVWRVTXHFRQILJXUDQORTXHHOSHQVDGRUFDWDOiQOODPDFRQ WpUPLQRV
WRWDOPHQWHNUDXVLVWDV«ODDULVWRFUDFLDGHODFRQGXFWD»
&XDWUR DxRV GHVSXpV HQ FXDQGR HO LPSXOVRU GH ODV JUDQGHV REUDV GH
WUDVIRUPDFLyQFXOWXUDOGHOD&DWDOXxDQRXFHQWLVWDVHYHDREOLJDGRDDEDQGRQDUVXFDUJRGH
UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHQOD0DQFRPXQLWDWGH&DWDOXxDHVUHFLELGRGHQXHYRHQOD5HVLGHQFLDGH
(VWXGLDQWHV\SURQXQFLDODWHUFHUDGHVXVFRQIHUHQFLDVGrandeza y servidumbre de la inteligencia
TXHHVFRQWLQXDFLyQGHODVLGHDVH[SXHVWDVHQAprendizaje y heroísmo3DUD(XJHQLRG·2UV «OD
SURIHVLyQ \ HO DPRU VRQ ODV GRV PDQLIHVWDFLRQHV UHYHODGRUDV GH OD SHUVRQDOLGDG» ·2UV
/DUHIOH[LyQGRUVLDQDHQHVWDRFDVLyQVHFHQWUDHQODSHUVRQDOLGDGGHOVDELRGHOILOyVRIR
GHOKRPEUHTXHWLHQHSRUWDUHDHOHMHUFLFLRGHSHQVDUSDUDVHUYLUGHJXtD\GHRULHQWDGRUGH
OD FROHFWLYLGDG (Q HVWH VHQWLGR SURSRQH OD UHYLVLyQ GH YDULRV HMHPSORV XQ SURIHVRU GHO
FROHJLR GH )UDQFLD 6DLQW%HXYH FRQ VX PHPRUDEOH FXUVR VREUH 3RUW5R\DO $EHODUGR
5XEHQV\ILQDOPHQWH$GGLVRQHOFUHDGRUGHOEspectadorSDUDDFDEDUVHxDODQGRTXH
(OVLJOR;,;FRQRFH\DWRGRVORVLQVWUXPHQWRVGHODOLEHUWDGLQWHOHFWXDOFRQRFHODFLHQFLD
ODLFDODXQLYHUVLGDGODHGLFLyQ\HOSHULyGLFR$KRUDYDDHQWUDUVHHQODSUXHEDGHILQLWLYD9D
DHQVD\DUVHXQDSURIHVLRQDOLGDGGHODLQWHOLJHQFLDTXHOOHYHDODJUDQGH]DFXPSOLGDVLQVDEHU
GHODVVXMHFLRQHVGHODVHUYLGXPEUH·2UV
(OVLJOR;,;HVSXHVXQPRPHQWRHVHQFLDODMXLFLRGH·2UVSRUTXHGHVGHP~OWLSOHV
SODWDIRUPDVGHGLIXVLyQFXOWXUDOHQpOVHMXHJDHOGHVWLQRGHODLQWHOLJHQFLDHQHOPXQGR
¢&XiOHV VRQ ORV IUXWRV GH OD LQWHOLJHQFLD LQGXVWULDOL]DGD" $ MXLFLR GH·2UV « OD
LQWHOLJHQFLDODLQWHOLJHQFLDOLEUHODIXHU]DSXUDGHOHVStULWXQRHVOODPDGDDRFXSDUSRVLFLyQ
HQ OD JUDQ OXFKD GH LQWHUHVHV FROHFWLYRV HQ TXH KDHQWUDGR HOPXQGR» ·2UV 7HyULFDPHQWHODSRVLFLyQGHOLQWHOHFWXDOSRGUtDVHUGHGRVWLSRVODGHGHIHQVRUGHODFXOWXUD
IUHQWH D OD EDUEDULH GH ODV PDVDV SUROHWDULDV R ELHQ SRU HO FRQWUDULR FRPR KRPEUH GH
LQWHUHVHVPRUDOHVFRORFDUVHDOODGRGHODMXVWLFLDSHURQLXQDQLRWUDSRVLFLyQUHVROYHUtDQHQ
SURIXQGLGDG OD FXHVWLyQ SXHV «£(O PXQGR GH D\HU VH UtH GH OD FXOWXUD \ HVWR HV WHUULEOH
3HUR HV WRGDYtD PiV HVSDQWRVR YHU TXH HO PXQGR GH PDxDQD FRQ OD PLVPD DQFKXUD GH
Tradición e interculturalidad. Las relaciones entre lo culto y lo popular (siglos XIX-XX)
218
ULWPR FRQ OD PLVPD JURVHUtD HQ HO PHWDO GH YR] SDUHFH GLVSXHVWR D UHtUVH GH OD MXVWLFLD»
·2UV¢4XpOHTXHGDSXHVDODLQWHOLJHQFLDVHSUHJXQWD·2UV"/DUHVSXHVWDHV
FODUD OH TXHGD XQD IXQFLyQ WRWDOL]DGRUD LQWHJUDGRUD GH ORV GLIHUHQWHV JUXSRV \ FODVHV
VRFLDOHV SXHVWR TXH FXDOTXLHU KRPEUH GH FXDOTXLHU HVWUDWR VRFLDO GH FXDOTXLHU RILFLR R
SURIHVLyQVRORSXHGHPLWLJDUVXVHGGHWRWDOLGDGFRQOD,QWHOLJHQFLD
3DUDVXVWHQWDUGLFKDDILUPDFLyQ(XJHQLRG·2UVUHFXUUHXQDYH]PiVDODHMHPSOLILFDFLyQ
FRQFDVRVFRQFUHWRV(OSULPHURHVHOFDVRGHXQSHULyGLFRVRFLDOLVWDVLQGLFDOLVWDTXHSRU
PRQRJUiILFR DEXUUH LQFOXVR D ORV OHFWRUHV D TXLHQHV YD GLULJLGR SRUTXH LJQRUD GRV
FXHVWLRQHV IXQGDPHQWDOHV OD VHG HVSLULWXDO GHO REUHUR GHO SUROHWDULR \ ODV P~OWLSOHV
SDOSLWDFLRQHVGHODYLGD
(O SHULyGLFR VRFLDOLVWD VLQGLFDOLVWD QRV FDH GH ODV PDQRV ¢3RU TXp HVWR" ¢3RU TX QRV
RIHQGH"1RSRUTXHQRVDEXUUH(VWHUiSLGRGHVSHJRQRHVFRVD~QLFDPHQWHGHOLQWHOHFWXDO
/HSDVDDOPLVPRREUHURDTXLHQHOSHULyGLFRFRQFUHWDPHQWHVH GLULJH/HSDVDORPLVPR
SRUTXHHOSHULyGLFRHVPRQRJUiILFRSRUTXHFDHHQODHTXLYRFDFLyQGHVHUPRQRJUiILFR\
VRUGR D ODV SDOSLWDFLRQHV PiV YLJRURVDV GH OD YLGD HVSLULWXDO ROYLGDGR GH ORV SUREOHPDV
SHUPDQHQWHV\GHORVLGHDOHVHWHUQRVFtxHVHDWUDWDUGHDTXHOORTXHFRQXQDHVWUHFKH]PHQWDO
LQLFXDVXHOHOODPDUVH©FXHVWLRQHVREUHUDVª·2UV
(OUD]RQDPLHQWRGH·2UVQRGHMDUHVTXLFLRDODGXGDRDODDPELJHGDG DOKRPEUH
TXHKDSDVDGRRQFHKRUDVHQXQDIiEULFD\RWUDVWDQWDVUXPLDQGRODSREUH]DGHVXYLGDQR
VH OH SXHGH KDEODU ~QLFDPHQWH GH OD PLVHULD PDWHULDO GH OD KXHOJD R GH OD UXWLQD IDEULO
SRUTXH
(QWRQFHVpOVLHVGHEXHQDIHWRGDYtDVHVXVFULEHWDOYH]SHQVDQGRTXHDVtFXPSOHXQD
REOLJDFLyQ3HURHOSDSHODSHQDVUHFLELGRHVGHMDGRGHODGRSDUDOHHUOH©FXDQGRKD\DYDJDUª
HOKRPEUHWRPDGLH]FpQWLPRVVLORVWLHQH\OOHJDVHDXQNLRVNRSDUDFRPSUDUFRQSUHWH[WR
GHNovela cortaRGHColección selectaFXDOTXLHUQDUUDFLyQGHFDGHQWHGHDULVWRFUDFLDSXWUHIDFWD«
2ELHQVHYDDOFLQHPDWyJUDIRDYHUFyPRORV JDODQHVGH smokingUDSWDQHQVXVDXWRPyYLOHV
SRGHURVRVDODVEHOGDGHVHQWUDMHGHEDLOHHQWUHODVVRPEUDVGHOSDUTXHVHxRULO·2UV
(OVHJXQGRFDVRHQTXH·2UVDILDQ]DVXWHRUtDGHOD,QWHOLJHQFLDHVHOGHORVSHGDJRJRV
LQKiELOHVTXHFUHHQHUUyQHDPHQWHTXHODOLWHUDWXUDLQIDQWLOWLHQHTXHVHUEDOEXFHRVLPSOLVWDH
LQWUDVFHQGHQWH
/OHJDQDORVQLxRV\ORTXHKDOODQHQODOHFWXUDHVIDVWLGLR0LHQWUDVWDQWRVXLPDJLQDFLyQ
YXHOD D LPDJLQDU DYHQWXUDV GH VROGDGRV GH EDQGROHURV R GH H[SORUDGRUHV < VL HO
DQWLSHGDJyJLFR VL HO SURYLGHQFLDO D]DU KDFH FDHU HQ VXV PDQRV OD Odisea, VH HPEULDJDQ
OLWHUDOPHQWHVHHPEULDJDQGH+RPHUR·2UV
(O WHUFHUFDVR HVHO GH ORV HVFULWRUHV PLRSHV TXH HVFULEHQ OLEURV SDUD ORV FDPSHVLQRV
KDEOiQGROHVH[FOXVLYDPHQWHGHODWLHUUDFXDQGR
-XDQ/DEUDGRUMXQWRDOIXHJRODUFDEDOJiQGRVHHQODVQDULFHVXQDVIXHUWHVJDIDVGHSODWD
$TXtHVWi-XDQ\OHHXQOLEURTXHVHOODPDDVtPluralidad de los mundos habitados£4XHUtDQTXH
QRVXSLHVHPiVTXHGHODWLHUUD\DpOHOFLHORPLVPR\DOHSDUHFHHVWUHFKR·2UV
<HO~OWLPRHMHPSORVHUHILHUHDODHVFDVDSHQHWUDFLyQSVLFROyJLFDGH5RPDLQ5ROODQG FXDQGRHQXQSDVDMHGHJean ChristopheDOXGHVRUSUHQGLGRDOJXVWRTXHORVLQGLYLGXRVGHOD
5RPDLQ5ROODQGHVFULWRUIUDQFpVSHUWHQHFLHQWHDXQDIDPLOLDGHQRWDULRV6HGHGLFyGHVGHPX\MRYHQDOD
OLWHUDWXUD H[SHUWR HQ WHDWUR \ HQ ySHUD IXH SUHPLR 1REHO GH /LWHUDWXUD HQ \ IXQGy OD UHYLVWD Europe.
$XWRUGHXQEXHQQ~PHURGHELRJUDItDVGUDPDVKLVWyULFRV\QRYHODV )XHXQSDFLILVWDPLOLWDQWH\JUDQDPLJR
Eugenio d’Ors: cultura de élite... Marisa Sotelo Vázquez
219
«8QLYHUVLGDGSRSXODUGHO faubourg6DLQW$QWRLQH»PRVWUDEDQSRUODSRHVtDVLPEROLVWD&RQ
LURQtDVHxDOD·2UVVLQRHVWDUi5ROODQGUHVSLUDQGRSRUODKHULGD\DTXH
eO HQ VXV PRFHGDGHV KDEtD SHQVDGR SUHGLFDGR LQLFLDGR XQ ©7HDWUR GHO SXHEORª
$UJXPHQWRVpSLFRVWUDPDVVHQFLOODVSDVLRQHVHOHPHQWDOHV\XQLYHUVDOPHQWHKXPDQDVIXHUWH
FODULGDG«IUDFDVRFRPSOHWR/RVHEDQLVWDVORVPHWDOLVWDVORVFDUSLQWHURVORVDFDUUHDGRUHV
GHVHUWDEDQGHVXODGRSDUDLUVHDHVFXFKDUHQOD8QLYHUVLGDGSRSXODUGHO faubourgXQUHFLWDOGH
L’après-midi d’un faune6<WDOYH]VLVHTXHGDEDQHQOD8QLYHUVLGDGGHOfaubourgSRUGLILFXOWDG
HFRQyPLFD GH OOHJDU D OD &RPHGLD IUDQFHVD D YHU ODV FRPHGLDV GH 0 /DYHGDQ TXH SRU
HQWRQFHVGHEtDQGHHVWDUDODPRGD«·2UV
(VWDH[WHQVDUHIOH[LyQVHSRGUtDUHVXPLUHQODVSDODEUDVTXH·2UVSRQHHQERFDGHXQ
REUHURDOTXH-HDQ&KULVWRSKHTXHUtDFDWHTXL]DU£Peuple vous même!, SDODEUDVTXHPiVDOOiGH
ODDSDUHQWHYDQLGDG\HOHQRMRTXHGHVWLODQWLHQHQXQDVLJQLILFDFLyQPXFKRPiVSURIXQGD
WDOFRPRUHFRQRFHHOJORVDGRUFDWDOiQ
¢1RHQFRQWUDUHPRVDKtXQDQXHYDPDQLIHVWDFLyQHQWHUQHFHGRUDGHOD sed de totalidadTXH
FRQVXPHDWRGRV DOREUHURTXHJXVWDGHODUWHGHFDGHQWHFRPRDOUHQWLVWDTXHVHREOLJDD
FLHUWDVIRUPDVGHUXGRWUDEDMRDVtODVGHOFROHFFLRQLVPR\ODVPLOYDULHGDGHVGHOVQRELVPR
QR PHQRV TXH HQ HO VRPEUHUR GH FRSD GHO FDFLTXLOOR DFHLWXQDGR R HQ HO GHOLTXLR GH
UXVWLFLGDGGHXQFRUWHVDQRYHUVDOOHVFR"·2UV
0RVWUDQGR\UHLYLQGLFDQGRHOSRGHULQWHJUDGRUGHODLQWHOLJHQFLD\GHODFXOWXUDFDSD]GH
GHELOLWDUFXDOTXLHUVHUYLGXPEUHRWLUDQtD
(QFRQFOXVLyQODVWUHVFRQIHUHQFLDVSURQXQFLDGDVSRU(XJHQLRG·2UVHQOD5HVLGHQFLD
GH(VWXGLDQWHVHQWUH\VHFRPSOHPHQWDQHQWUHVt\ODVUHFRUUH\HVWUXFWXUDXQD
OtQHDFRKHUHQWHTXHHQOD]DFRQORPHMRUGHOSHQVDPLHQWRNUDXVLVWDODQHFHVLGDGGHIRUPDU
KRPEUHV PiV DOOi GH OD GH HVFULELU OLEURV +RPEUHV OLEUHV FXOWRV FRQ VHQWLGR FUtWLFR \
HMHPSODUHV HQ HO VHQWLGR GH OD DULVWRFUDFLD HVSLULWXDO HVD TXH QR VH KHUHGD QL SURFHGH GH
FXQDVLQRTXHKD\TXHJDQDUODGLDULDPHQWHFRQHOHVIXHU]R\FRQHOWUDEDMRELHQKHFKR
GH 6WHIDQ =ZHLJ TXH HVFULELy VX ELRJUDItD FRQ HO WtWXOR GH El hombre y sus obras. =ZHLJ DGPLUDED
SURIXQGDPHQWHD5ROODQGGHTXLHQGLMRTXHHUD©ODFRQFLHQFLDPRUDOGH(XURSDª
Jean Christophe HV XQD QRYHOD HQ GLH] YRO~PHQHV SXEOLFDGD HQWUH \ 6X SURWDJRQLVWD -HDQ
&KULVWRSKHHVXQP~VLFRDOHPiQTXHSHUVRQLILFDODHVSHUDQ]DGHXQDKXPDQLGDGUHFRQFLOLDGD(VWDPELpQXQ
KpURHURPiQWLFRFRPRHO:HUWKHUGH*RHWKH
L’après-midi d’un faune, VHSRSXODUL]yHQYHUVLyQFDVWHOODQDFRQHOWtWXORGHPreludio a la siesta de un fauno.6H
WUDWD GH XQ SRHPD VLQIyQLFR SDUD RUTXHVWD FRPSXHVWR SRU 'HEXVV\ GH DSUR[LPDGDPHQWH PLQXWRV GH
GXUDFLyQ6XHVWUHQRWXYROXJDUHQ3DUtVHOGHGLFLHPEUHGHEDMRODGLUHFFLyQGH*XVWDYH'RUHW
+HQUL /pRQ (PLOH /DYHGDQ IDPRVR SHULRGLVWD\GUDPDWXUJRIUDQFpV FDWyOLFR OLEHUDOTXH
GHVGHYDULRV SHULyGLFRV SDULVLQRV FRQWULEX\y FRQ XQD VHULH GH FXHQWRV\ GLiORJRV D SODVPDU OD YLGD GH OD
FLXGDG PXFKRV GH ORV FXDOHV IXHURQ OXHJR UHFRJLGRV HQ $QWRORJtDV (Q WXYR XQ JUDQ p[LWR HQ OD
&RPpGLH)UDQoDLVHFRQODREUDLe Duel. <HQIXHDGPLWLGRHQOD$FDGpPLHIUDQoDLVH
220
Tradición e interculturalidad. Las relaciones entre lo culto y lo popular (siglos XIX-XX)
BIBLIOGRAFÍA
$=25Ì1 ©;HQLXV HQ HO $WHQHRª ABC ,, \ ,,, HQ Obras Completas,
7,0DGULG$JXLODUSS
'·256(XJHQLREl nuevo Glosario, 0DGULG$JXLODU
« Trilogía de la «Residencia de Estudiantes», 3DPSORQD(XQVD
&$&+29,89LFHQWHRevisión de Eugenio d’Ors, %DUFHORQD4XDGHUQV&UHPD
'Ì$=3/$-$*XLOOHUPRLa defenestració de Xènius, DQGRUUDOD9HOODHG$QGRUUD
)8/&$5­ 72552(//$0DULD 'RORUV La Residència d’estudiants de Catalunya (1921-1939),
%DUFHORQD3XEOLFDFLRQVL(GLFLRQVGHOD8QLYHUVLWDWGH%DUFHORQD
*$/Ì$OH[DQGUHHistoria de les institucions i del moviment cultural a Catalunya. 1900 a 1936,
Obra completa, %DUFHORQD)XQGDFLy$OH[DQGUH*DOtOOLEUH,;
*,1(5'(/265Ì26)UDQFLVFREnsayos, HG6HOHFFLyQ\QRWDVGH-XDQ/ySH]0RULOODV
0DGULG$OLDQ]D
-$5'Ì(QULFEugeni d’Ors. Vida i obra, %DUFHORQD4XDGHUQV&UHPD>@
0$57Ì1 *$,7( &DUPHQ ©(O LQWHUORFXWRU VRxDGRª $ &DPSR WUDYpV (O cuento de
nunca acabar0DGULG7ULHVWHSS
627(/2 9É=48(=0DULVD©3DUtVODJUDQXQLYHUVLGDGGHORVKRPEUHVQXHYRVªRevista
de Libros,PD\RS
«©8QIHFXQGRGLiORJRVREUHODFXOWXUDHVSDxROD'HORV Paliques GHClarínDORVGH
(XJHQLRG·2UVªClarín, QžMXOLRDJRVWRSS
«©(XJHQLRG·2UV0HYR\D3DUtVDYHUFRVDV£$YHUPXFKDVFRVDVLe voyage comme
surce de conaissanceHWG
XWRSLHVDX;,;HVLHFOHHQSUHQVD 7RXORXVH 8QLYHUVLWp GH 7RXORXVH
/H0LUDLO,QVWLWXWR&HUYDQWHV
«©(OHOLWLVPRHVWpWLFRGH(XJHQLRG·2UVª Fabriques de verité. Les rapports dialectiques
entre les élites et les masses (XIX-XX siècles), 3DX8QLYHUVLWpGH3DXHWGHV3D\VGHO·$GRXU
0DGULG'HYHQLUSS
75,67É1 /$ 526$©$(XJHQLRG·2UVFRQDPLVWDG\GLiORJRªDestino
S
81$0812 0LJXHO ©'HVGH OD VROHGDGª De esto y aquello, Obras completas, 7 0DGULG
(VOLFHU
9,/$53LHUUHCatalunya dins l’Espanya moderna, %DUFHORQD(GLFLRQV