Niños criados en cautiverio Artículo original

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Artículo original
Niños criados en cautiverio
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RESUMEN
Antecedentes:8UXJXD\VXIULyXQDGLFWDGXUDPLOLWDUGHD'XUDQWHHVHODSVRGHWLHPSRDOJXQRVQLxRVQDFLHURQRIXHURQFULDGRV
HQFDXWLYHULRMXQWRDVXVPDGUHVSUHVDV
Objetivo:H[SORUDUORVHIHFWRVGHOFDXWLYHULRDWUDYpVGHODHYDOXDFLyQGHGLH]GHDTXHOORVQLxRVDFWXDOPHQWHHQODWHUFHUDGpFDGDGHODYLGD
Material y método:VHPLGLyHODSHJR\ODVLQWRPDWRORJtDSVLFROyJLFDHQHVWHJUXSRGHGLH]QLxRV\HQRWURVLPLODUTXHVLUYLyFRPRFRQWURO
/RVLQVWUXPHQWRVXWLOL]DGRVFRQHVWH¿QIXHURQOD(QWUHYLVWDGH3URWRWLSRGH$SHJR$GXOWR(3$$\HO/LVWDGR5HYLVDGRGH6tQWRPDV
6&/5/DLQYHVWLJDFLyQHVXQWUDEDMRLQWHUQDFLRQDOSXHVLQYROXFUDSDUWLFLSDQWHVGHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGHOD5HS~EOLFDGHOD8QLYHUVLGDG
&DWyOLFDGHO8UXJXD\\GHOD8QLYHUVLGDGGHO'HVDUUROORGH6DQWLDJRGH&KLOH
Resultados:DDSHJRGHODPXHVWUDGHFDXWLYRVSUHVHQWyHOSURWRWLSRSUHGRPLQDQWHH[FHVLYDPHQWHVREUHSURWHFWRU3GHDSHJR
LQVHJXUR(QFDPELRGHORVVXMHWRVGHOJUXSRFRQWUROSUHVHQWyDSHJRVHJXUR\VyORDSHJRSUHRFXSDGRDPELYDOHQWH33(O
JUXSRFRQVWLWXLGRSRUVXMHWRVTXHVXIULHURQFDXWLYHULRWXYRSXQWXDFLRQHVVLJQL¿FDWLYDPHQWHPiVDOWDVTXHHOJUXSRFRQWUROHQORVSURWRWLSRV
\EVtQWRPDVSVLFROyJLFRVHVHJUXSRWDPELpQWXYRSXQWDMHVPiVDOWRVHQHO6&/5HQFRPSDUDFLyQFRQHOJUXSRFRQWURO
Conclusiones:VHREVHUYyXQDFRUUHODFLyQVLJQL¿FDWLYDHQWUHORVVtQWRPDVSVLFROyJLFRV\HODSHJRHVGHFLUORVSXQWDMHVDOWRVHQVtQWRPDV
SVLFROyJLFRVVHFRUUHODFLRQDURQFRQORVGHDSHJRLQVHJXUR\ORVEDMRVFRQHODSHJRVHJXUR
Palabras clave: DSHJRFDXWLYHULRFULDQ]D(33$6&/5
ABSTRACT
Background:8UXJXD\VXIIHUHGDPLOLWDU\GLFWDWRUVKLS'XULQJWKLVSHULRGVRPHFKLOGUHQZHUHERUQRUUDLVHGLQMDLOWRJHWKHU
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Objective:([SORUHWKHSRVVLEOHHIIHFWVRIFDSWLYLW\RQWKHHDUO\OLYHVRIWHQRIWKRVHFKLOGUHQQRZLQWKHLUWKLUWLHVZKRDJUHHGWRWDNHSDUW
LQWKLVVWXG\
Method and material::HPHDVXUHGWKHDWWDFKPHQWDQGSV\FKRORJLFDOV\PSWRPVLQWKLVJURXSRIIRUPHUFKLOGUHQUDLVHGLQFDSWLYLW\DQGLQ
DVDPSOHFRQWUROJURXSXVLQJWKH3URWRW\SH$GXOW$WWDFKPHQW,QWHUYLHZ(33$DQGWKH6&/57KLVSDSHULVDQLQWHUQDWLRQDOHQWHUSULVH
LQYROYLQJUHVHDUFKHUVIURPWKH8QLYHUVLGDGGHOD5HSXEOLFDDQGWKH8QLYHUVLGDG&DWROLFDRI8UXJXD\DQGWKH8QLYHUVLGDGGHO'HVDUUROOR
RI6DQWLDJRGH&KLOH
Results:DDWWDFKPHQWRIWKHFDSWLYLW\VDPSOHVXEMHFWVREWDLQHGYDOXHVRISUHGRPLQDQWLQVHFXUHDWWDFKPHQWSURWRW\SH3RYHU
SURWHFWLYH7KHFRQWUROJURXSVKRZHGSUHGRPLQDQWVHFXUHDWWDFKPHQWLQRIWKHVXEMHFWVDQGFRQFHUQHGDPELYDOHQWDWWDFKPHQWLQ
33ESV\FKRORJLFDOV\PSWRPVWKHUHDUHVWDWLVWLFDOGLIIHUHQFHVLQSURWRW\SHDQGEHWZHHQWKHFDSWLYLW\VDPSOHDQGWKH
FRQWUROJURXSZLWKKLJKVFRUHVLQWKHFDSWLYLW\JURXS7KH6&/5VKRZVDKLJKOHYHORISV\FKRORJLFDOV\PSWRPVLQWKHFDSWLYLW\VDPSOH
Conclusion:7KHUHLVDFRUUHODWLRQEHWZHHQDWWDFKPHQWDQGSV\FKRORJLFDOV\PSWRPV+LJKHUSV\FKRORJLFDOV\PSWRPVFRUHVFRUUHODWHG
ZLWKLQVHFXUHDWWDFKPHQWZKHUHDVORZV\PSWRPVFRUHVFRUUHODWHGZLWKVHFXUHDWWDFKPHQW
Keywords: DWWDFKPHQW(33$6&/5FDSWLYLW\
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Revista Latinoamericana de Psiquiatría Volumen 11, núm. 2, enero-marzo 2012
Niños criados en cautiverio
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desafío de enfrentar el sufrimiento padecido por ellos con
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a continuación.
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Fundamentos de la investigación
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demuestra la importancia del apego seguro en la estructuUDFLyQGHOKHPLVIHULRGHUHFKRGHOFHUHEUR\HQODFDSDFLGDG
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con respecto a los desórdenes externalizados.
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primeras relaciones los infantes forman representaciones
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el tipo de apego desarrollado por el infante con ciertos
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factor de riesgo de que aparezcan desórdenes externaliza-
Revista Latinoamericana de Psiquiatría Volumen 11, núm. 2, enero-marzo 2012
39
Cherro-Aguerre M y col.
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como consecuencia del trauma que experimentaron y si
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MATERIAL Y MÉTODO
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de apego seguro e inseguro. El prototipo 1 es seguramente
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Symptom Checlist-90-R (SCL-90-R)GH'HURJDWLV
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HO DxR es un cuestionario autoadministrado que
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mide el malestar psicológico general; el índice de síntomas
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equipo tenían conocimiento de la identidad de los integrantes de la muestra.
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RESULTADOS
La EPPA en la muestra de cautivos y no cautivos
/DPLWDGGHORVFDVRVREWXYLHURQXQDPD\RUSXQtuación en el prototipo P1; lo que indicaría que mantienen
Revista Latinoamericana de Psiquiatría Volumen 11, núm. 2, enero-marzo 2012
Niños criados en cautiverio
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inseguro por encima de la mediana.
Análisis estadístico de la EPAA en la muestra de cautivos y no cautivos
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Análisis de la SCL-90R: síntomas psicológicos en la
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Niños criados en cautiverio
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de autonomía y desencanto.
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el apego seguro.
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cuenta de los resultados demostrados.
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Revista Latinoamericana de Psiquiatría Volumen 11, núm. 2, enero-marzo 2012
45