Quick Term II Termination Installation Guide

-
31\11
Quick Term 11
Cold Shrink™Silicone Rubber Termination
(With High-K Stress Reliet)
Instruction Sheet
IEEE Std. No. 48-1990
Class 1 Termination
15 kV Class
110 kV BIL
Kit Contents:
3 Hi- K Silicone Rubber Terrninations
3 Mechanical Ground Strap Assemblies
3 Strips Sealing Mastic
(black with white release liners, bagged)
1 Roll ofScotch™ 13 Semi-Conducting Tape
1 Roll of ScotchTM 70 Silicone Rubber Tape
3 Packs ofSilicone Grease
(clear 5cc tube with green letters)
1 ScotchTM Cable Preparation Kit
1 Instruction Sheet
5 to 15 kV Kit Selection Chart
NOTE·. Final determining factor is cable insulation diameter
Number
Cable
Jnsulatlon 0 .0 .
Range
5633K
5635K
0.84 - 1.33 In.
(21,3 33,6mm)
Kit
Conductor Size Range (AWG & kcmil)
Cable Jacket
0 .0 . Range
S kV
8kV100%
8 kV 133°/o
0.64- 0.90 in.
0.60 - 1.20 in.
(16,3-22,9 mm) (20,3- 30,5 mm)
310-300
210-250
1/0-410
1.00-1 .60 in.
(25,4- 40,6 mm)
350-750
300-750
250-600
/ 15 kV 100%' \ ~kV 133%
....._
2-310
4
310-500
210-350
,
1.30-1.90 In.
1.1 o- 1.65 in.
'( v-;63~ (27,9
-41,9 mm) (33,0- 46,3 mm)
750-1500
750-1250
600-1000 (
500-1000
1.50-2.40 in.
(36,1 61.0mm)
1000-2000
1000-2000
800-1750
750-1750
5637K
1.30-1.95 in.
(33,0 -49,5 mm)
1/0
-----
'350-750
600- 1500
Table 1
Quick Term 11
TapeShíeld
ilicone Rubber Termination Kits
for Single Conductor Tape Shielded,
Wire Shielded or UniShielded® Cables
Wire Shield
5633K
5635K
~
5637K
UniShield®
UniShfe~ ls a regls!e(ed trademar1t of BICC Corporation
NUMBER OF PAGES; 10
ISSUE DATE:
3/19/96
SCALE:
Not lo scale
ISSUE:
B
78-8114-1266-3
J
Correct lnstallation of Termination
Vinyl Tape
Ridge at End of High-K Tube
Semi-Con lnsulation Shield
Cable lnsulation
A. Prepare Cable
High-K Stress Relief
..
Kit Number
Dimension
5633K
[1
[A]
1
5635K
( 5636K )
l
5637K
=
'-----"""" 10" (254 mm)
9 112" (241 mm)
--=-
~
Table2
-=<Z ::-
l. Check to be sure cable size fits within kit range as shown in Table 1 (cover page).
2. Prepare cable by following directions suited to specific shielding type.
NOTE: Al! Sbje(d Types- After stripping back cable jacket and shield layers, clean cable insulation using
one solvent pad from enclosed Scotch™ Brand Cable Preparation Klt. DO NOT ALLOW SOLVENT
CONTACI' WITH CABLE SHIELD SYSTEM.
lf abrasive is requlred, use only 120 grit aluminum oxide as provlded In the cable preparatlon kit.
Tape Shielded Cable
!J(
J. Prepare cable using dimensions shown in Table 2 and Figure 1 below.
(Be su reto al!ow for depth of lug barrel).
Figure 1
-----,.,.---[A] -------~·¡·OfTerminal
Depth ~
1 3/4'' -j
~
-11- 1/4"
Lug
Semi-Con
TapeShield
78- 8114-1266-3 (6)
-2-
1 3/4" =(45 mm)
1/4"
=(6 mm)
2. Wrap 2 highly stretched half-lapped la er 0 fS
h™
.
.
) Y s ablco!c
O (Figure 2) extending 1/ 2" (l 3
~3 Sem1-Conductmg ~ape over the tape shield and semi-con
Provide a smooth even leading e~g~ onto cbl ~ msull~tíon. Start and end tapmg 3/4" ( 19 mm) onto tape shield.
•
. over ca e msu atJon as shown 49 (Figure 2)
3. Proceed to step B.
·
Figure 2
1/2" =(13 mm)
3/4" = {19 mm)
Wire Shielded Cable
l. Prepare cable using dimensions shown in Tab/e 2 and Figure 3 below.
(Be su reto a llow for depth oflug barrel).
~
Figure 3
} lfn
[A] ---:::---~----<·~¡·OfTenninal
Depth ~
l
----1-f
lug
~
2" =(51 mm)
2. Select one ofthree mastic strips, provided in kit and remove liners. Using slight tension. wrap a band ofmastic
around the cable jacket 114" (6 mm) from cut edge O (Figure 4). Cut offexcess.
J
3. Bend drain wires back and press into applied mastic. Overwrap mastic with two layers ofhighly stretched vinzy
l tape ( /
(e.g. ScotchTM 33+ tape, not supplied)@ {Figure 4).
4. Wrap 2 highly stretched half-Japped layers of ScotchTM 13 Semi-Conducting Tape over the cable semi-con e
(Figure 4) extending 1/2" (13 mm) onto cable insulation. Start and end taping 3/4" (19 mm) onto semi-con 'eld.
Provide a smooth, even Jeading edge over cable insulation as shown.
s. Place a marker tape 4" {102 mm) back from the insulation-end ofthe 13 tape as shown O (Figure -1).
6.
to step C.
P71(._J e:!....,.- ~
O Mastic (Under Wires)
\.
@Vinyl Tap_e,..
O Mar1<er Tape
78-8114-1266-3(8)
~lüv"-
{¡
- 3-
1:¡
1/4" = (6 mm)
112" (13 mm)
3/4" (19 mm)
2" = (51 mm)
4" (102 mm)
=
=
=
UniShield® Shielded Cable
l. Prepare cable using dimensions shown in Table 2 and Figure 5 below.
2. Select one of three mastic strips, provided in kit and remove liners. Using slight tension wrap a band of mastic
'
around the cable jacket at dimension shown O (Figure 5).
3. Pull drain wires through semi-conductive jacket to leading edge of applied mas tic band @ (Figure 5).
Figure 5
t----------:--
[A]--------..¡·¡-·
Oepth
;¡1
~
Semí-Conductive Jacket
4. Bend drain wires back and press into mastic e (Figure 6). Overwrap mastic with a highJy stretched two-layer band
ofvinyl tape (e.g. Scotch™ 33+ tape, not supplied) O (Figure 7).
S. Remove semi-conductive jacket leaving 1 1/2" (38 mm) exposed beyond drain wires as shown e (Figure 6).
NOTE: To ease jacket removal, insta U hose c.lamp (not provided) as shown and ring cut 80% tbrough j acket
0 (Figure 6). Remove jacket sections by pulling against hose clamp. DO NOT BELL SEMI-CON
JACKET. Remove hose clamp.
Sorne "UniShield~" cables fea tu re dual-layer conductive jackets. 8oth layers must be removed
during cable preparation.
Figure 6
~~
Depth
OfTerminal
Lu
Semi-Conductiva Jacket
1 112" (38 mm)
6. Wrap 2 highly stretched half-lapped layers ofScotchTM 13 Semi-Conducting Tape over end of cable semi-conductive
jacket extending 1" (25 mm) onto cable insulation. Start and end taping at drain wires. Pro vide a smooth, even
leading edge overcable insulation as shown 8 (Figure 7).
7. Place a marker tape 4" (102 mm) back from the insulation end ofthe 13 Tape O (Figure 7).
8. Proceed to Step C.
.
1+•----~--:'~-/2-"--,.-1"-~-.¡
1
Figure 7
813 Tape
O Marker Tape
78 -8114- 1266-3 (B)
1" = (25 mm)
1 112" (38 mm)
4" = (102 mm)
=
O Vinyl Tape Band
-4-
B. lnstall Ground Strap (Tape Shield Cables Only)
l. Unwrap 1" to 2" (25 mm to 50
) f .1 d f1
cable jacket and co'l d d f: . mm 0 cote
at strap. Position ground strap assembly with tail extending along
strap tail in place~¡~ t~~ :~ng ~own and a~ay from .you, over_ metallic shielding O (Fipue 8). Hold the ground
metallic shield 0 'Fi
~ e· (Flgu_re 8) whtle wrappmg the cotled end, counter-clockwtse, around the cable
1' gure '/• mch (hghten), the attached constant-force spring after final wrap.
NOTE: Wrapped portian ofground strap must contact cable metal/ic sllield only. AdjustlocaJion if needed.
Figure 8
13 Tape
+
O Push Coil (Facing Down) Around Shield
2. Seal ground strap
a. Select one ofthree mastic strips provided in kit. Cut 2 pieces 1 1/2" (38 mm) long and remove llners.
b. Place 1 piece under grounding strap 1/4" (6 mm) from cable jacket cut edge. Push strap into masticand place the
second piece over ground strap @ (Figure 9).
Figure 9
-1 f-1/4 "
+
Cable Jacket End
1/4" =(6 mm)
3. \Vrap 1 haJf-Japped !ayer ofhighly stretched vinyl tape (e.g. ScotchTM Super 33+ Tape, not supplied in kit) over
applied mastic and ground strap coi! O (Figure JO). Do not cover previously applied 13 tape.
4. Place a marker tape 4" (102 mm) back from the insulation end ofthe 13 Tape, as shown e (Figure JO).
Figure JO
e
78·8114-1288-3 (8)
13 Tape
0 33+Tape
Marker Tape
- 5-
+
4 " = (102 mm)
.......---~· · ·--·-- • • _.....
• ' ....,. ..._,V \.A.
...
1nstall Termination (AII Shield Types)
1. Cover the edge_ofthe 13 Tape with a liberal coating ofsilicone grease o (Figure
11).
NOTE: O o tbas product the silicone g
d
·
rease oes not serve as a lubrrcant. It must be used to fill the step at the
13 T:a pe 1ea d .mg ed ge.
Figure 11
O Silicone Grease
+
13 Tape
33+ Tape
2. Silicone grease may also be applied over the ground strap sea! to aid in core removal and initial insulator alignment.
3. Slide the termination body onto the cable, aligning the base with previously applied marker tape (all shield types) e
(Figure 12).
~
4. Remove termination core unwinding counter-clockwise e (Figure 12) starting with the loose end. Make sure the
termination body is butted up to the edge ofthe marker tape e (Figure 12).
TIP: An occasional tug of tbe core strand while unwinding will a id in core removal.
Figure 12
e
E
S
rl
o
jo
l.o1
.e
li:
in
¡n
tri
O!
h;
!IT
I.S
) 01
V(
1tt
~n
lrl
;la
er
ffe
ra
D. Instan Terminal Lug
1. Jnstall terminallug per manufacturer's direction. See page 8 or 9 if3M lugs are used.
2. Wrap 4 half-lapped Jayers ofScotchTM 70 Silicone Rubber Tape over the lug and onto the insulator for l " (25 mm)
O (Figure 13). Start and end taping on the lug barrel.
.
TAPING WNT: Apply Scotcb™ 70 Silicone Rubber Tape with mínimum tension üust enougb to av01d folds
or wrinkles).
,
25
3. Iflug is not used, solder block conductor and wrap 4 half-lapped layers of70 Tape from the solder block to 1 <
mm) onto the insulator using "'faping Hint".
Figure 13
78-8114-1266-3(6)
-6-
E. Grounding
l. lf
ca~le is to be grounded at termination, connect as shown. Use braid or wire appropriately sized for system
requtrements.
Termination Ground Strap O (Figure 14) is copper conductor equivalent of9 AWG Solid.
2. Scotch™ number 25 grounding braid (number 6 AWG solid copper equivalent) is suitable for general grounding
requirements.
Figure 14
TYPICAL TERMINATION
GROUNDING CONNECTION
o Ground Strap
Brass Bolt, Nut & Washers
Copper Lug (ScotchlokrM#30019 or Equivalent)
#25 Ground Braid (#6 AWG) - Typical
Tape Shield
Copper Lugs Or lnline Connector
Brass Bolt, Nut & Washers
#25 Ground Braid (#6 AWG) - Typical
Wire Shleld and UniShleld™
---""'
78 -8114- 1266- 3 (B)
--
-7-
.N
'
E. Grounding
l. lf
cable is to be grounded at termination, connect as shown. Use braid or wire appropriately sized for system
requirements.
Terrnination Ground Strap O (Figure 14) is copper conductor equivalent of9 AWG Solid.
2. requirements.
ScotchTM number 25 grounding braid (number 6 AWG solid copper equivalent) is suitable for general grounding
Figure 14
TYPICAL TERMINATION
GROUNDING CONNECTION
o Ground Strap
Brass Bolt, Nut & Washers
Copper Lug (Scotchlokn.c #30019 or Equivalent)
#25 Ground Braid (#6 AWG) - Typical
Tape Shield
Copper Lugs Or l nline Connector
Brass Bolt, Nut & Washers
#25 Ground eraid {#6 AWG) - Typical
Wire Shleld and UniShleldlw
g=;
78-8114-1266-3(8)
-7-
,...
Lug l nd Cltmplng lnformatlon for Scotchlok"' CoppettAiumlnu.. Luga
40018thru 4007&
One hote
Cable
Slze
AWGJ
ktmll
Stud
Slze
(In.)
<§f?
lok"'
Lug
Nu m-
Bumdy Corporauon
MY29
Y*
(1)
Grey(1)
Gley(1)
U4CABT(1)
(1)
Gleen(2)
Gleen(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
Pfnk(2)
Plnk(2)
Pfnk(2)
Plr-1<(2)
-
37(1)
U2CABT(1)
U2CABT(1)
42H(2)
42H(2)
(f)
(1)
-
U1CART(1)
U1CART(1)
(1)
(1)
Gold(2)
Gold(2)
Gold(2)
Gold(2)
-
.c5(1)
.c5(1)
(1)
(1)
A25AR(1)
A25AR(1)
A25AR(1)
U25ART(1)
U25ART(1)
U25ART(1)
(1)
(1)
(1)
Tan!2)
Tan 2)
Tan(2)
Tan(2)
Tan(2)
Tan(2)
S0(1)
S0(1)
S0(1)
2'0(1)
210(1)
A26AR(2)
A26AR(2)
U26ART(2)
U26ART(2)
(1)
(1)
Ofive(2)
0Cive(2)
Olive(2)
0Civa(2)
-
W166(4)
W166{4)
310(1)
310(1)
A27AR(2)
A27AR(2)
U27ART(2)
U27ART(2)
(1)
(1)
Ruby(2)
Ruby(2)
Ruby(2)
Ruby(2)
40046
40145
'M60(4)
'M60(4)
'M60(4)
410(2)
410(2)
410(2)
A28AR(2)
A28AR(2)
A28AR(2)
U28ART(2)
U28ART(2)
U28ART(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
40049
40050
40149
W249(3)
W249(3)
W249(3)
-
A29AR(2)
A29AR(2)
A29AR(2)
U29ART(2)
U29ART(2)
U29ART(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
A30AR(2)
A30AR(2)
U30ART(2)
U30ART(2)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
U31ART(2)
U31ART(2)
U31ART(2)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
-
-
40020
W162(3)
4Av.G(1)
MCA8(1)
2
3/8
112
40024
40025
W163(3)
W163(3)
2A'M>(1)
2AWG(1)
A2CAB(1)
A2CAB(1)
1
3/8
40028
112
40029
W163(3)
W163(3)
1Am(1)
1Am{1)
A1CAR(1)
A1CAR(1)
3/8
318
<10032
<10033
40132
Wl41(3)
Wl41(3)
Wl41(3)
110(1)
110(1)
110(1)
210
112
112
<10037
40137
00{4)
00{4)
310
112
112
40041
40141
112
40045
518
112
518
112
300
1/2
112
40053
112
350
518
112
40056
40057
40156
112
40160
518
112
40087
40166
112
40170
518
40073
40172
-
-
-
518
40079
112
40178
-
-
-
600
750
1000
112
40153
U32ART(4)
(1)
U34ART(4)
U34ART(4)
(1)
(1)
U38ART(4)
(1)
U39ART(4)
U39ART(4)
(1)
(1)
S4-CART(4)
S4-CART(4)
(1)
(1)
TBII15
VCI-FT'"
29(1)
(1)
Kumy
Not1
0051
TYPEO
BY19(3J
J(3)
Dlv.
BY53(3)
P(3)
BY23(3)
BY23(3)
112(3)
112(3)
-
BY23(3)
BY23(3)
112(3)
112(3)
(1)
(1)
(1)
-
BY25(3)
BY25(3)
BY25(3)
S.1(3)
S.1(3)
S.1(3)
5oQi(2)
5oQi(2)
(2)
(2)
-
BY31Q3)
BY31C(3)
5118-1(3)
5118-1(3)
-
60(2)
60(2)
(2)
(2)
-
-
737(3)
737(3)
WV!e(4)
White(4)
WV!e(4)
-
66(4)
66{4)
66(4)
(2)
-
BY35C(4)
BY35C(4)
BY36q4)
840(4)
840(4)
840(4)
-
-
71H(4)
71H(4)
71H(4)
71H(2)
71H(2)
71H(2)
(3)
(3)
(3)
-
-
-
-
-
76H(4)
76H(4)
76H(2)
76H(2)
(3)
(3)
-
-
-
-
87H(4)
87H(4)
87HI4)
87H(3)
87H(3)
87H(3)
(3)
(3)
(3)
-
-
-
-
94H(4)
94H(4)
-
-
106H(3)
108H(3)
-
-
-
11SH(3)
-
-
125H(5)
125H(5)
-
-
106H(4)
106H(4)
-
-
140H(4)
140H(4)
-
-
• Y45 and Y41aeeept all Y35 dles("U" attfea). For Y45 UH PT. 515 adlpter. ForY45 UH PUADP adap1tr•
.. Andenon Vc:&-3, Vct-FT, Vete and Bumdy Y1 000 rwqulte no d ie Ht
78-8114-1266-3(8)
TBM12
m
llllcltbum Co.
vc:ac-
U6CABT(1)
m<ti A6CAB(1)
eA
5116
112
V~
TBM 8
4
112
Y35, Y39,
TBM 5
W161(1)
500
Square D Co. Mderson Dlv.
Y1000'
40016
400
& Btlb Corporatlon
Y4S',YW
5116
250
Th-
ber
6
410
a
a
CRIMPING TOOI.,OIE SETS (NUMBER OF CRIMPS)
Scotcn.
MO$
110
40132 thru <40171
1'M> hola
-8-
(2)
(2)
ll
(2)
(2)
(2)
.:
-
(3)
(3)
-
(3)
(3)
-
(3)
LugllldCllmlng
P
lnfonn.t~on f or Scotcnlolc"' eopper Lugs
30014 thru 30045
Onehole
~
1~
Cable
Sl:re
AWG/
kemll
Stlld
Slze
(In.)
Scotchlok"'
CopperLug
llumber
6
4
30014
30015
30016
10
1/4
30018
30019
30021
318
2
1/4
5/16
~~·-~~
'"·-··~
a"-
'!Wohole
a'
-=
6
CRJMPIIIG TOOL..OIE SETS (JIUMI!at OF auMPS)
Bumdy Corporauon
MDe
10
1/4
5/16
31038 thru 31068
Thomu & 8etttl Corponllon
Squar. D Co. Attd..-.on Dlv.
MY2t
Y34A
Y34, Y3t, Y~,
y~
TBM5
TBMI
TBM15
VC&-3, VCS-fT""
-
8A'M3(1)
-
U5CRT(1)
Sloe(1)
Bkle(1)
-
U~1)
W181(1)
4A'M3(1)
MCR(1)
U4CRT(1)
Gr.y(1)
~1)
-
~1)
30022
318
30023
30024
W162(2)
2AWG{1)
A2CR(1)
U2CRT(2)
Bnlwn(1)
l!rown(1)
33(1)
Urivenal(2)
1
5/16
318
30027
30028
-
1A'M3(1)
A1CR(1)
U1CRT(2)
G'een(1)
Grlen(1)
37(1)
t.meaalt2)
1/0
5/18
30031
30032
W163(2)
1/0(1)
A25R(1)
U25RT(1)
I'Wc{;Z)
I'Wc{;Z)
01(27
Lh'wená(1)
210
318
318
30038
31036
'N.I41(2)
'N.I41(3)
2/0(1)
2/0(2)
A26R(1)
A26R(2)
U28RT(2)
U28RT(3)
Bladc(2)
l!lack(3)
E!ladc(2)
Blac:k(3)
45(1}
.c.5C'2)
ür.-sal(1}
~
310
1/2
1/2
30041
31041
'N.I43(2)
'N.I43(3)
3/0(1)
3/0(2)
A27R(1)
A27R(2)
U27RT(2)
U27RT(3)
Or.w1ge(2)
Orange(3)
Clra'1ge(2)
Orange(3)
S0(1)
50t2)
lkí-~
~
4/0
1/2
112
1/2
30045
31045
31145
8G(3)
8G(4)
8G(4)
4/0(1)
410(2)
410(2)
A28R(2)
U28RT(2)
U28RT(3)
U28RT(3)
P\Jrple(2)
Purple(3)
Purple(3)
Pl.lpleO)
l'ur'ple(3)
l'ur'ple(3)
54tC2)
54H(3)
SUI(G}
~
tkr~
~
250
1/2
112
31049
31149
W1e6(4)
250(2)
A29R(2)
U29RT(3)
Yello.v(2)
Yeii:M(2)
112(2)
~
300
112
1/2
31053
31153
-
-
A30R(2)
U30RT(3)
-
'Mí!e(3)
56(3)
lhwcsal(3)
350
1/2
1/2
31056
31158
-
A31R(2)
U31RT(3)
-
Red(4)
11H(4)
-
400
112
112
31080
31160
-
-
A32R(2)
U32RT(3)
-
Bk>e(.C)
715H(4)
-
112
31066
31087
31166
-
-
A34R(2)
U34RT(3)
-
Brown(4)
112
8'1l1(<4)
-
112
112
31066
31166
-
-
-
U38RT(3)
-
G~.c)
94H(4)
-
31172
-
-
-
Y39. Y.CS. Y48
U39RT(5)
-
-
105H(4)
-
31178
-
-
-
Y45: S44RT(8l
Y48: P44RT(8
-
-
125H(.C)
-
500
600
750
1000
318
518
1/2
112
.
'Y.CS and Y<41 Kcept .O Y34 dles ("U Mf1ea). For Y.CS UM PTS6151úpter. For Y<41 UM PUAOP aúpter•
'" Andenon VC84, VC6-FT, VC8C and Burndy Y1000 requlre no die Ht.
78-8114-1266-3(8)
-9-
lndex
crtmplng lnfonnatlon for
3M Stem Connectors
CoppertAiumlnum
Conductor
s~.
2 Solkl
1,2
110
()
3M Connector Num-
~r
r-~~~;-~--~~-.---;=:::::=::~:_------~----------~
Die (No. Ct1mps)
SC002o
' SC0001
518-1(4)
SC0010
50(2)'
U28ART(2)
210
SC0020
310
SC0030
410
SC0040
613(3)
.•·
,.
'3M'. 'Cold Shrlnk', ·scotch' and 'Scotchlok' are trademarks ot 3M.
UniShield® IS a registered trademark of BICC Cables.
lmportant Notlce to Purchaser:
All statements, technical intormation and recommendations retated to the Seller's products are basad on intormation believed to be reliable,
but the accuracy or completeness thereot is not guaranteed. Before utillzlng the product, the user should determine the suitability of the product
tor its Intended use. The user assumes all risks and liabílity whatsoever in connecllon with such use.
AAy statements or recommepdatlons ot the Seller which are not contained in the SeHer's curren! publications shall haw no force or effect unless
contained in an agreement signed by an authorized officer of the Seller. The statements contalned herein are made in lieu of all warrantfes
expressed or implied, including but notlimiled to !he implied warrantles of merchantabllity and fitness for a particular purpose which warrantles
are hereby expressly disclairned.
SELLER SHALL NOT BE UAB~ TO THE USER ORANY OTHER PERSON U~ER ANY LEGAL THEORY, INCLUDING BUT NOT UMITED TO
NEGUGENCE ORSffiiCTUABIUlY. FORANY INJURY OR FORANY DIRECTOR CONSEOUENTIAL DAMAGES SUSTAINEDOR INCURRED
BY REASON OF THE USE OF ANY OF THE SEU.ER'S PRODUCTS.
Eltctrical Producls Division
6801 River Place Blvd.
Austin, TX 78726-9000
Recycled poper
-10% pre-consumer
10% post-consumer
UthoinUSA
© 19973M
78-8114-1266-3 (8)