ProtectIT, Protection & Control Terminals REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Industrial IT enabled products from ABB are the building blocks for greater productivity, featuring all the tools necessary for lifecycle product support in consistent electronic form. 1MRS 750745-MUM Issued: Version: 20.10.1998 G/02.04.2004 Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Contents 1. Relay Configuration Tool .........................................................8 2. Specification for relay configuration .......................................9 3. Editing the relay configurations ............................................10 3.1. Getting started .............................................................................10 3.1.1. Libraries ...........................................................................10 3.1.2. Program organisation unit ................................................12 3.1.3. Logical POUs ...................................................................14 3.1.4. Physical hardware ............................................................17 3.1.4.1. Configuration ......................................................17 3.1.4.2. Resource ............................................................18 3.1.4.3. Resource for the REF 54_ Release 2.5 and Release 3.0 ........................................................27 3.1.4.4. Tasks ..................................................................39 3.2. Declaring variables ......................................................................41 3.2.1. Global variables ...............................................................43 3.2.2. Local variables .................................................................43 3.3. Compiling the project ..................................................................48 3.4. Add-on protocol ...........................................................................48 3.5. Downloading the configuration ....................................................48 4. Main configuration rules for RE_ 5__ ....................................52 4.1. General .......................................................................................52 4.2. Digital inputs and outputs ............................................................53 4.3. Explicit feedback path .................................................................54 4.4. Analogue inputs ..........................................................................55 4.5. Error outputs of application function blocks ................................55 4.6. Warnings .....................................................................................56 4.7. Execution order ...........................................................................56 4.8. F-key ...........................................................................................57 5. Engineering tips ......................................................................59 5.1. Horizontal communication ...........................................................59 5.1.1. Guideline for using LON NV-variables in PLC logic .........59 5.1.1.1. COMM_IN ..........................................................59 5.1.1.2. COMM_OUT ......................................................60 5.1.1.3. Cyclic sending generation ..................................60 5.1.1.4. Cyclic communication check ..............................61 5.1.1.5. Blocking ..............................................................62 5.1.1.6. Control of objects ...............................................63 ©Copyright 2004 ABB Oy, Distribution Automation, Vaasa, FINLAND 3 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM 5.1.1.7. Bypass mode ..................................................... 63 5.2. Events from the measurement function blocks ........................... 64 6. APPENDIX A: Relay configuration procedure ..................... 65 7. APPENDIX B: Specification for feeder terminal configuration .......................................................................... 66 7.1. General data ............................................................................... 66 7.2. Electrotechnical data .................................................................. 67 7.2.1. Analogue inputs ............................................................... 67 7.2.2. System frequency ............................................................ 69 7.2.3. Digital inputs .................................................................... 69 7.2.4. Digital outputs .................................................................. 71 7.2.5. RTD/analogue module ..................................................... 75 7.2.5.1. RTD/analogue inputs ......................................... 75 7.2.5.2. RTD outputs ....................................................... 76 7.3. Functionality ................................................................................ 77 7.3.1. Order number .................................................................. 77 7.3.2. Application function blocks used ..................................... 77 7.3.3. Communication ................................................................ 78 7.4. Relay MIMIC configuration ......................................................... 80 7.4.1. Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram ....................... 80 7.4.2. Alarm LEDs ..................................................................... 81 7.5. Functionality logic ....................................................................... 82 7.6. Feeder terminal settings ............................................................. 83 8. APPENDIX C: Specification for machine terminal configuration .......................................................................... 84 8.1. General data ............................................................................... 84 8.2. Electrotechnical data .................................................................. 85 8.2.1. Analogue inputs ............................................................... 85 8.2.2. System frequency ............................................................ 88 8.2.3. Digital inputs .................................................................... 89 8.2.4. Digital outputs .................................................................. 91 8.2.5. RTD/analogue module ..................................................... 94 8.2.5.1. RTD/analogue inputs ......................................... 94 8.2.5.2. RTD outputs ....................................................... 95 8.3. Functionality ................................................................................ 96 8.3.1. Order number .................................................................. 96 8.3.2. Application function blocks used ..................................... 96 8.3.3. Communication ................................................................ 97 8.4. Relay MIMIC configuration ......................................................... 98 8.4.1. Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram ....................... 98 8.4.2. Alarm LEDs ..................................................................... 99 8.5. Functionality logic ..................................................................... 100 4 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 8.6. Machine terminal settings .........................................................101 9. APPENDIX D: Specification for remote monitoring and control unit configuration ....................................................102 9.1. General data .............................................................................102 9.2. Electrotechnical data .................................................................103 9.2.1. Analogue inputs .............................................................103 9.2.2. System frequency ..........................................................107 9.2.3. Digital inputs ..................................................................108 9.2.4. Digital outputs ................................................................109 9.3. Functionality ..............................................................................110 9.3.1. Order number .................................................................110 9.3.2. Application function blocks used ....................................110 9.3.3. Communication ..............................................................111 9.3.4. LED configuration ..........................................................111 9.4. Remote monitoring and control unit settings .............................113 10.APPENDIX E: Power quality application guide for harmonics ..............................................................................114 10.1.Power quality and harmonics ...................................................114 10.2.Background for harmonics ........................................................114 10.3.Harmonic sources .....................................................................116 10.3.1.Single-phase power supplies .........................................116 10.3.2.Three-phase power converters ......................................117 10.3.3.Other harmonic sources .................................................118 10.4.System response characteristics ..............................................119 10.5.Effects of harmonics .................................................................121 10.6.Applications for harmonic measurements ................................122 10.6.1.Power quality and harmonics .........................................122 10.6.2.Harmonic monitoring with individual loads and devices .123 10.6.3.Locating sources of harmonics ......................................124 10.6.4.Harmonic filter performance monitoring .........................124 11.References ............................................................................125 12.Glossary ................................................................................126 13.Index ......................................................................................127 5 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM About this manual This guideline describes in general the procedures for configuring the REF 54_ feeder terminals, REM 54_ machine terminals and REC 523 remote monitoring and control units correctly with the Relay Configuration Tool. In this document, the term “device” will be used when referring to all three products. Section 3 describes step-by-step the engineering actions required to create a relay configuration for a single device. Section 4 defines a set of programming rules that should be followed while creating the configuration or at least carefully checked when finalizing the configuration. Finally, section 5 provides some engineering tips for doing the configuration. For instructions on operating the tool itself, refer to the CAP 505 Operator’s Manual (see “References” on page 125). The version F of the Configuration Guideline complies with products of the Release SA 2.51. For information about the changes and additions compared to earlier revisions, refer to the Technical Reference Manual of the appropriate product (see “References” on page 125). In the REM 543, Modbus communication is fully supported by the Modbus configurations. For more information about the Modbus configurations and the functions supported, refer to the CD-ROM REM 543 Modbus Configurations. For more information on Modbus communication in the REF 54_, refer to CommunicateIT Feeder terminal REF 54_ Modbus Communication Protocol Technical Description (see “References” on page 125). The REF 54_ also fully supports DNP 3.0 communication. For more information, see the document CommunicateIT Feeder Terminal REF 54_ DNP 3.0 Communication Protocol Technical Description (see “References” on page 125). Please note that the examples and dialogue pictures of the Relay Configuration Tool in this manual refer to REF 54_ feeder terminals (except Figure 3.5.-1). The corresponding cases and dialogues may be slightly different for REM 54_ and REC 523. Trademark Notices Brand and product names mentioned in this document are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Revision history Version B/30.06.99: - Text changed in the following sections: Libraries, Analogue channels/Measurements/Frequency, Analogue channels/Virtual channels - Index added Version C/11.05.2000: - Text added/changed and figures updated throughout the manual - Sections “Error outputs of application function blocks” and “Engineering tips” added 1. Except the REC 523 with Release 2.0 6 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 - Appendices D (Specification for Remote Monitoring and Control Unit Configuration) and E (Power Quality Application Guide for Harmonics) added - Appendices B and C updated - References added - Glossary added Version D/13.6.2001: - The table in chapter 3.1.1. updated Version E/04.03.2002: - chapter “About this manual” updated - The table in chapter 3.1.1. updated - chapter 3.4 updated - Fig. 3.4.-1 updated - “References” updated - “Glossary” updated Version F/14.08.2003: - Chapter “Resource for the REF 54_ Release 2.5” added - Text added to chapter 3.4. Version G/02.04.2004: - chapter “About this manual” updated - chapter 3.1 updated - chapter 7.3.3 updated - Appendix B updated - “References” updated 7 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1. 1MRS 750745-MUM Relay Configuration Tool The Relay Configuration Tool, which is a standard programming system for RED 500 devices, is used for configuring the protection, control, condition monitoring, measurement and logic functions of the feeder terminal. The tool is based on the IEC 61131-3 standard, which defines the programming language for relay terminals, and includes a wide range of IEC features. The PLC logics are programmed with Boolean functions, timers, counters, comparators and flip-flops. The programming language described in this manual is a function block diagram (FBD) language. 8 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 2. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Specification for relay configuration Prior to starting the configuration of a product, the specification for relay configuration is to be filled out. Separate specifications for REF 54_, REM 54_ and REC 523 can be found in appendices B, C and D in the end of this manual. The purpose of the specification is to provide the technical information required for the proper configuration of the products. 9 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 3. Editing the relay configurations 3.1. Getting started 1MRS 750745-MUM Start up the CAP 505 tool by double clicking the icon. After adding a new object as an empty configuration to the CAP 505 environment (refer to the CAP 505 Operator’s Manual, see “References” on page 125), the program opens an empty project template (see Figure 3.1.-1 below) with a toolbar at the top. The next step is to build the project tree structure by inserting libraries, program organisation units (POUs) and target specific items to the project tree. The project tree editor is a window in which the whole project is represented as a tree. The project tree is illustrated with several icons. Most of the icons represent a file of the project and different looking icons represent different types of files. The tree always contains 4 subtrees: Libraries, Data Types, Logical POUs and Physical Hardware. ProjectTree Fig. 3.1.-1 The project tree with its four subtrees The project tree is the main tool for editing the project structure. Editing the project structure means inserting POUs or worksheets to the project structure or deleting existing ones. The editors for editing the data of the code bodies and the variable declaration can be called by double clicking the corresponding object icons. ! 3.1.1. If you intend to edit an old project, note that saving the changes made with the “save as” command will not work as in other Windows programs. In case you want to keep the old project unchanged, the project has to be saved with a new name before making any changes. Libraries Before editing any worksheets of POUs, the whole project tree structure must be build. The function block library (protection, control, measurement, condition monitoring and standard functions) needed in the relay configuration is to be inserted to the “Libraries” subtree. (For instructions on announcing libraries, refer to the manual Relay Configuration Tool, Tutorial, see “References” on page 125.) Before inserting the library to the project, all worksheets must be closed; otherwise the I/O description of function blocks will be confused. The programs, function blocks (for example NOC3Low, the low set stage of non-directional three-phase overcurrent protection) and functions of the library can be reused in the new project, which is edited. The library, for example REFLIB01 for REF 54_ (see Figure 3.1.1.-1 below), includes the full set of function blocks, but only those ordered by the customer can be used in the configuration. 10 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Note that if a configuration is transferred to a newer version of the product, the library in the project must also be updated. ref/rem/reclib01 Fig. 3.1.1.-1 Libraries for REF 54_, REM 54_ and REC 523 The library version to be selected depends on the software revision of the product as listed in the table below. The directory path to the libraries is <installation drive>\CAP505\Common\IECLibs\Fi. Product Software revision REF 541 A REF 541 (RTD1) REF 543 REF 543 (RTD1) REF 545 REM 543 REM 543 (RTD1) REM 545 REM 545 (RTD1) REC 523 B C D and E A B and C C and D E F G and H A B and C A B C D and E A B C A B A B A B A B C D and E Library file name COMMU_01, CONDM_01, CONTR_01, MEASU_01, PROTE_01, STAND_01 REFLIB01 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 COMMU_01, CONDM_01, CONTR_01, MEASU_01, PROTE_01, STAND_01 REFLIB01 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 COMMU_01, CONDM_01, CONTR_01, MEASU_01, PROTE_01, STAND_01 REFLIB01 REFLIB02 REFLIB03 REMLIB01 REMLIB02 REMLIB03 REMLIB02 REMLIB03 REMLIB02 REMLIB03 REMLIB02 REMLIB03 RECLIB01 RECLIB01 RECLIB02 RECLIB03 11 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 3.1.2. 1MRS 750745-MUM Program organisation unit Each Program Organisation Unit, a POU, consists of several worksheets: a description worksheet for comments, a variable worksheet for variable declarations and a code body worksheet for the configuration. The name of each worksheet is indicated beside the corresponding icon and the *-symbol after the name of a worksheet indicates that the worksheet has not been compiled yet. POU_unit Fig. 3.1.2.-1 Program organisation unit with three worksheets The description worksheet (for example ProtectT) illustrated below is for describing the POU or the configuration element. The worksheet is automatically named by adding a 'T' to the name of the POU. text Fig. 3.1.2.-2 Description worksheet The variable worksheet (for example ProtectV) is for the variable declaration. The worksheet is automatically named by adding a 'V' to the name of the POU. The variable worksheet is not edited manually but is created by the tool. 12 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 variables Fig. 3.1.2.-3 Variable declaration worksheet A code body worksheet (for example Protect) is for a code body declaration in the form of an FBD, a Function Block Diagram. All configurations for the devices of the RED 500 platform are made in the graphical FBD language. A code body programmed in the FBD language is composed of functions and function blocks that are connected to each other using variables, connection lines or connectors. An output of a function block can be combined with the output of another function block e.g. via an OR gate (refer to section “General” on page 52). Connectors are objects that can be used instead of connection lines, for example where the distance between two objects on the worksheet is great. Connectors can only be used within one worksheet and they are resolved by textual names. Connectors should be used with care since the tool may not warn if a match to a connector cannot be found (for example, the comparison of connectors is case sensitive). Note that visually, connectors are distinguished from variables by embedding them with brackets. 13 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Connectors Fig. 3.1.2.-4 Code body declaration in FBD language Even though the tool permits adding several code body worksheets under one POU, only one worksheet is recommended to be used per POU. If more space is needed for a configuration, the worksheet size can be increased or the functionality can be divided into several POUs. Avoid creating very large configurations per POU since the RED 500 PLC environment has an inherent limit for the number of input/output points per POU. The limit is 511 I/O points and is consumed by called function block instances only. Note that this limit is checked during the configuration downloading. If the downloading fails for this reason, the user has to divide the POU into smaller units. For example, the function block NOC3Low in Figure 3.1.2.-4 above includes 14 I/O points. I/O points are consumed regardless of whether they are connected or not. 3.1.3. Logical POUs In the project tree editor and in the library editor, the “Logical POUs” subtree represents a directory for all POUs related to the project. The maximum of 20 POUs can be inserted to the subtree. Figure 3.1.3.-1 below shows a “Logical POUs” subtree with 4 POUs; “CondMon” represents a function block, “Confirm” represents a function, and “Measure” and “Control” are programs. The associated icon represents the POU type. 14 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 LogicalPOUs Fig. 3.1.3.-1 “Logical POUs” subtree with 4 POUs Each POU type has specific characteristics from the programming point of view. • A function yields exactly one data element which is evaluated from its input parameters. In other words, a function cannot contain any internal state information. Furthermore, a function can call other functions but no function blocks. • A function block (FB) can return 0,1,2.. output values and can have internal variables. Function blocks can call any other function or function block except itself. Multiple copies of function blocks are called instances and each instance is given an identifier. • Programs are specialized function blocks that can only be called by tasks. Note that recursion is not allowed for any POU type. The POU category is selected when a POU is inserted to the project tree. Figure 3.1.3.-2 below shows the dialogue for inserting POUs. The programming language (FBD) for the POU and the return data type for functions are also selected here. The “PLC type” and “Processor type” selections should be left to their default values. 15 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM InsertNewPOU Fig. 3.1.3.-2 Inserting a new program POU called “Demo” which is programmed using the function block diagram language At first, a POU framework is created, that is, empty POUs are inserted to the project according to the Specification for Relay Configuration filled out prior to starting the configuration procedure. The physical hardware must be defined before creating the actual contents for the POUs, otherwise predefined target-specific POUs will not be available for the programmer. The task execution intervals recommended for function blocks must be considered already when defining the POU framework. In general, each POU forms a functional unit, e.g. for protection function blocks. Some function blocks, however, require a different task than most of the same category and must thus be assigned a separate POU. For example, the task execution interval of most protection function blocks is 10 ms but Freq1St_ requires the task of 5 ms, which is why it usually needs a separate POU. However, if all the protection function blocks used are associated with the task of 5 ms, no separate POU is required for Freq1St_. 16 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 3.1.4. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Physical hardware In the project tree editor, the physical hardware is represented as a subtree (see Figure 3.1.4.-1 below) after the hardware of the device, that is, Configuration, Resource and Tasks, has been defined. PhysicalHardware Fig. 3.1.4.-1 Example of a subtree for the physical hardware The configuration elements available in the “Physical Hardware” subtree may differ from configuration to configuration. Each terminal of the RED 500 platform can be configured separately. 3.1.4.1. Configuration The name of the configuration and the appropriate product family, PLC type, are first defined in the dialogue Properties/Configuration. configuration Fig. 3.1.4.1.-1 Defining the configuration type 17 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 3.1.4.2. 1MRS 750745-MUM Resource ! In case of REF 54_ Release 2.5 or later, refer to section “Resource for the REF 54_ Release 2.5 and Release 3.0” on page 27. The PLC type selected in the Configuration dialogue above determines which processor types are available in the dialogue Properties/Resource. Select the correct processor type and name the resource. For example, the processor type REF543R refers to a REF 543 feeder terminal equipped with an RTD/analogue module. resource Fig. 3.1.4.2.-1 Defining the processor type Hardware version After selecting the processor type, click “Settings...” in the dialogue Properties/ Resource (see Figure 3.1.4.2.-1 above) to define the correct hardware version. The hardware version number is included in the order number of the product. The order number is labelled on the marking strip on the front panel of the product e.g. as follows: Order No: REF543FC127AAAA Note! After selecting the correct hardware version (Relay Variant; see Figure 3.1.4.2.-2 below), do not click OK but wait until the next dialogue opens and select “Analog Channels” (see Figure 3.1.4.2.-3). hw_variant Fig. 3.1.4.2.-2 Defining the hardware version (Note that for REC 523, the selectable relay variants are given as order numbers, e.g. REC523C 033AAA, refer to the Technical Reference Manual of REC 523, see “References” on page 125) 18 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 select_analog_channels Fig. 3.1.4.2.-3 Selecting the dialogue for analogue settings (see Figure 3.1.4.2.-4 below) Analogue channels In the dialogue Settings/Analog Channels, click each channel in turn to select the measuring device and signal type for the channels used and select “Not in use” for other channels. Furthermore, the technical data and measurements for the selected channels are to be completed correctly before the configuration is used in a real application. analog_channels Fig. 3.1.4.2.-4 Defining the analogue channels 19 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Technical data rated_values Fig. 3.1.4.2.-5 Defining the rated values for the selected measuring device Measurements For information about the special measurements required for each function block, refer to the Technical Descriptions of Functions (see “References” on page 125). True RMS and 2nd harmonic restraint measurements If the signal type selected for an analogue channel is going to be measured by any measurement function block (MECU3A etc.), the true RMS mode must be selected in the Special Measurements dialogue. Moreover, in case the Inrush3 function block (3-phase transformer inrush and motor start-up current detector) is to be used, the 2nd harmonic restraint must be selected for the analogue channels (IL1, IL2, IL3) used. 20 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 SpecMeasIL1 Fig. 3.1.4.2.-6 Selecting the required special measurement modes for phase current measurement Neutral current When the DEF2_ function block (directional earth-fault protection) is going to be used, intermittent earth-fault protection must be selected for the channel via which the current I0 is measured. The intermittent earth-fault protection can be enabled for the maximum of two physical channels at a time. Note that the intermittent earthfault protection requires the residual voltage for directional operation. Therefore, the channel for the residual voltage U0 must be defined before the selection can be made. Unless intermittent earth-fault protection has been chosen, the following configuration error indication will appear on the display of REF 54_ or REM 54_ ( # denotes the number of the analogue channel in question): System: SUPERV Ch # error SpecMeasIo Fig. 3.1.4.2.-7 Selecting the required special measurement modes for neutral current measurement Frequency When, for example, the function block MEFR1 (system frequency measurement) is in use, frequency measurement must be selected for the channel via which the voltage is measured for frequency measurement (for example: Channel 10, Voltage Transformer 4, Signal type U3 / Measurements button in the dialogue “Configuration of REF543”). The power quality function blocks PQCU3H and PQVO3H require frequency measurement for the channel that is connected to the 21 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM FREQ_REF input, that is, the channel for frequency reference (for more information refer to the manuals of PQCU3H and PQVO3H on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions, see “References” on page 125). Furthermore, frequency protection must be selected if any of the function blocks SCVCSt_ or Freq1St_ is in use. SpecMeasUL1 Fig. 3.1.4.2.-8 Selecting the required special measurement modes for frequency measurement Virtual channels In case no measuring devices are applied for measuring residual voltage (U0) and neutral current (I0), the virtual channels 11 and 12 can be used. If only one virtual channel is used, the channel will be numbered as channel 11, regardless of whether residual voltage or neutral current is calculated. If both I0 and U0 are calculated, channel 11 will be used for I0S and channel 12 for U0S. 22 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 virtual_channels Fig. 3.1.4.2.-9 Using virtual channels 11 and 12 in case no measuring devices are applied for measuring I0 and U0 In case of the virtual channels for calculating I0 and U0, phase currents and voltages must be associated with current and voltage measuring devices (see Figures 3.1.4.2.-10 and 3.1.4.2.-11 below). Summed_Ios Fig. 3.1.4.2.-10 Associating phase currents with current measuring devices 23 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Summed_Uos Fig. 3.1.4.2.-11 Associating phase voltages with voltage measuring devices ! 24 After a compiled configuration is downloaded to a device, it will internally check whether the analogue channels are correctly configured regarding the analogue inputs of function blocks. If the connected channels have been configured incorretly, the ERR output signal of the specific function block goes active and the analogue channel configuration error event (E48) is sent. Some function blocks have special error events that are explained in the corresponding function block manuals on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions (see “References” on page 125). 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Digital inputs The filter time is set for each digital input of the device via the resource settings dialogue “Binary Inputs”. Inversion of the inputs can also be set. Note, however, that the inversion of an input cannot be seen from the configuration. For further information refer to the Technical Reference Manual of REF 54_, REM 54_ or REC 523 (see “References” on page 125). BIN_INPUT Fig. 3.1.4.2.-12 Defining the digital inputs 25 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Measurements When the MEPE7 function block (power and energy measurement) is used, the measuring mode must be selected via the resource settings dialogue “Measurements”. True RMS measurement must also be selected for the channels used by MEPE7. Note that the measuring modes can only be selected after the analogue channels have been defined (see Figure 3.1.4.2.-4 on page 19). MEPE7 Fig. 3.1.4.2.-13 Selecting the measuring mode for power and energy measurement 26 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Condition monitoring Values for the circuit-breaker wear function blocks CMBWEAR 1 and 2 can be set via the resource settings dialogue “Condition Monitoring”. cbwear Fig. 3.1.4.2.-14 Setting the values for circuit-breaker wear 3.1.4.3. Resource for the REF 54_ Release 2.5 and Release 3.0 The PLC type selected in the Configuration dialogue determines which processor types are available in the dialogue Properties/Resource. Select the correct processor type and name the resource. For example, the processor type REF543R refers to a REF 543 feeder terminal equipped with an RTD/analogue module. 27 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM processtype2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-1 Defining the processor type Hardware version After selecting the processor type, click “Settings...” in the dialogue Properties/ Resource (see Figure 3.1.4.3.-1 above) to define the correct hardware version. The hardware version number is included in the order number of the product. The order number is labelled on the marking strip on the front panel of the product e.g. as follows: Order No: REF543GC127AAAA Note! After selecting the correct hardware version (Relay Variant; see Figure 3.1.4.3.-2 below), do not click OK but wait until the next dialogue opens and select “Analog Channels” (see Figure 3.1.4.3.-3). hardware2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-2 Defining the hardware version 28 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 analog_settings2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-3 Selecting the dialogue for analogue settings (see Figure 3.1.4.3.-4 below) Analogue channels In the dialogue Settings/Analog Channels, click each channel in turn to select the measuring device and signal type for the channels used and select “Not in use” for other channels. Furthermore, the technical data and measurements for the selected channels are to be completed correctly before the configuration is used in a real application. analog_channels2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-4 Defining the analogue channels 29 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Technical data rated_values2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-5 Defining the rated values for the selected measuring device Measurements For information about the special measurements required for each function block, refer to the Technical Descriptions of Functions (see “References” on page 125). True RMS and 2nd harmonic restraint measurements If the signal type selected for an analogue channel is going to be measured by any measurement function block (MECU3A etc.), the true RMS mode must be selected in the Special Measurements dialogue. Moreover, in case the Inrush3 function block (3-phase transformer inrush and motor start-up current detector) is to be used, the 2nd harmonic restraint must be selected for the analogue channels (IL1, IL2, IL3) used. 30 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 phase_measu2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-6 Selecting the required special measurement modes for phase current measurement Neutral current When the DEF2_ function block (directional earth-fault protection) is going to be used, intermittent earth-fault protection must be selected for the channel via which the current I0 is measured. The intermittent earth-fault protection can be enabled for the physical channels I0 and I0b as well as for the virtual channels I0s and I0bs at the same time. The intermittent earth-fault protection requires the residual voltage for directional operation. Therefore, the channel for the residual voltage U0 must be defined before the selection for I0 measurement channels can be made. The amount of the U0 channels used for the intermittent earth-fault protection is limited to one. The first available U0 channel should be selected from the list: U0, U0b, U0s and U0bs. Unless intermittent earth-fault protection has been chosen correctly, a configuration error indication will appear on the error list of the Relay Download Tool. neutral_measu2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-7 Selecting the required special measurement modes for neutral current measurement Frequency When, for example, the function block MEFR1 (system frequency measurement) is in use, frequency measurement must be selected for the channel via which the voltage is measured for frequency measurement (for example: Channel 10, Voltage Transformer 4, Signal type U3 / Measurements button in the dialogue “Configuration of REF543”). The power quality function blocks PQCU3H and 31 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM PQVO3H require frequency measurement for the channel that is connected to the FREQ_REF input, that is, the channel for frequency reference (for more information refer to the manuals of PQCU3H and PQVO3H on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions, see “References” on page 125). Furthermore, frequency protection must be selected if any of the function blocks SCVCSt_ or Freq1St_ is in use. freq_measu2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-8 Selecting the required special measurement modes for frequency measurement Virtual channels The virtual channels can be used if no measuring devices are applied for measuring phase-to-phase voltages, residual voltage (U0) and neutral current (I0). The virtual channels selected for use are numbered from the channel number 11. For further information about the channel numbers of the calculated virtual channels, refer to the Technical Reference manual of the REF 54_ (see “References” on page 125). An example of when the virtual channels can be used is shown in Figure 3.1.4.3.-9. 32 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 virtual_channels2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-9 Using virtual channels if phase-to-phase voltages, residual voltage and neutral current measurement are not available The virtual channels are selectable according to the selections in the Analog Channels view. The selection of the virtual channels can be done in Virtual Channels view (see Figure 3.1.4.3.-10 below). 33 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM select_virtual_channels2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-10 The selectable virtual channels when the configuration of the analogue channel is like in Figure 3.1.4.3.-9 The special measurements are selectable for each used virtual channel (see Figure 3.1.4.3.-11 and Figure 3.1.4.3.-12). Ios_measu2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-11 Special measurement view for the virtual channel U12s. The analogue channels are used for derivation and derivation equation are also shown. The analogue channels are according to Figure 3.1.4.3.-9 34 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Ios_measu_2.5_2 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-12 Special measurement view for the virtual channel Ios. The analogue channels used for derivation and derivation equation are also shown. The analogue channels are according to Figure 3.1.4.3.-9 ! After a compiled configuration is downloaded to a device, it will internally check whether the analogue channels are correctly configured regarding the analogue inputs of function blocks. If the connected channels have been configured incorrectly, the ERR output signal of the specific function block goes active and the analogue channel configuration error indication will appear on the error list of the Relay Download Tool. For more information refer to section “Downloading the configuration” on page 48. 35 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Digital inputs The filter time is set for each digital input of the device via the resource settings dialogue “Binary Inputs”. Inversion of the inputs can also be set. Note, however, that the inversion of an input cannot be seen from the configuration. For further information refer to the Technical Reference Manual of the REF 54_ (see “References” on page 125). digital_inputs2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-13 Defining the digital inputs 36 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Measurements When the MEPE7 function block (power and energy measurement) is used, the measuring mode must be selected via the resource settings dialogue “Measurements”. True RMS measurement must also be selected for the channels used by MEPE7. Note that the measuring modes can only be selected after the analogue channels have been defined (see Figure 3.1.4.3.-4 on page 29). power&energy_measu2.5 Fig. 3.1.4.3.-14 Selecting the measuring mode for power and energy measurement 37 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Condition monitoring Values for the circuit-breaker wear function blocks CMBWEAR 1 and 2 can be set via the resource settings dialogue “Condition Monitoring”. wear2rle Fig. 3.1.4.3.-15 Setting the values for circuit-breaker wear 38 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 3.1.4.4. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Tasks Programs and tasks Programs are associated with tasks via the dialogues Properties/Task and Properties/ Program. One task may include several programs. Cyclic tasks are activated within a specific time interval and the program is executed periodically. The two dialogues below illustrate the association of a program type (Prot_Me) with a task (Task1) (see also Figure 3.1.4.-1 on page 17). TASK1 Fig. 3.1.4.4.-1 Naming a cyclic task PROT_ME Fig. 3.1.4.4.-2 Associating the selected task with the desired program type Task interval Generally, the operation accuracy is increased when the task speed is increased, but at the same time, the load of the microprocessors is increased as well. Although the task speed can be freely chosen with the tool, it is necessary to determine a maximum task execution interval for each function block; otherwise the operation accuracy and operate times for protection functions cannot be guaranteed. The maximum task execution interval is based on test results and has also been used in the type testing of the function blocks. The recommended task execution interval quaranteed by the manufacturer can be found in section “Technical Data” in the technical description of each function block. Furthermore, certain function blocks, for example MEDREC16, must be tied to the task given by the manufacturer, otherwise the operation of these function blocks is not possible. For more information about the task execution intervals of function blocks, refer to the manual 39 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Technical Descriptions of Functions, Introduction in the CD-ROM (1MRS750889MCD), see “References” on page 125). For microprocessor loads refer to section “Downloading the configuration” on page 48. According to the standard, the Relay Configuration Tool includes the possibility of defining the tasks on two different levels: 1. each program POU (= program organisation unit) can be tied to a separate task 2. a separate function block inside a POU can be tied to any task However, the alternative 2) is not supported in the RED environment, which means that if a separate function block inside a POU is given a separate task definition, it will be ignored when transferred to the device. This means that when the function blocks are being placed in different POUs, not only the category of the function (protection, control, etc.) but also the maximum task execution interval should be considered, since all function blocks inside a POU will run at the same speed. The task execution interval for each task is defined via the dialogue Properties/Task (click “Settings...”). For example, the task execution interval for Task1 in the figure below is defined as 10 ms, which means that the program Prot_Me is run 100 times per one second. The maximum number of tasks with different intervals is 4. ! Note that the task setting is automatically modified by the tool if the set network frequency is other than 50 Hz (see “Network Frequency” in Figure 3.1.4.2.-4 on page 19). At 60 Hz, for example, 10 ms becomes 8.333 ms. interval Fig. 3.1.4.4.-3 Setting the task execution interval for a program If there is a need for several different tasks that control the same output relay, it is recommended that the output relay is controlled directly in the fastest task and other control commands are brought to that task via global variables. For example, some protection function blocks can be run in the 5 ms task, some in the 10 ms task and some even using the 100 ms task. Still, all these function blocks use the same output relay. Another way to avoid also the software delays when communicating between the different tasks is to use a separate output relay for each protection task. For example the trip signal from the 5 ms task is connected to High-Speed Power Output 1 and the trip signal from the 10 ms task to High-SpeedPower-Output 2. The outputs can then control the same opening coil of the circuit breaker. 40 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 3.2. Declaring variables The range of validity of the declarations included in the declaration part shall be “local” to the POU in which the declaration part is contained. One exception to this rule are variables that have been declared to be “global”. Such variables are only accessible to a POU via a VAR_EXTERNAL declaration. The type of a variable declared in a VAR_EXTERNAL block shall agree with the type declared in the VAR_GLOBAL block of the associated program, configuration or resource. Program B FB2 FB_Y FB1 FB_X a y y VAR y:BOOL; FB1:FB_X; FB2:FB_Y; END_VAR b Program A FB2 FB_Y FB1 FB_X a b VAR FB1:FB_X; FB2:FB_Y; END_VAR Configuration C Program A VAR_EXTERNAL x:BOOL; END_VAR VAR FB1:FB_X; END_VAR Program B FB1 FB_X FB2 FB_Y a x VAR_GLOBAL x:BOOL; END_VAR x b VAR_EXTERNAL x:BOOL; END_VAR VAR FB2:FB_Y; END_VAR Fig. 3.2.-1 Local and global variables The figure above illustrates the ways how values of variables can be communicated among software elements. Variable values within a program can be communicated directly by connecting the output of one program element to the input of another or via local variables, such as the variable y illustrated in the upper left corner of the figure above. In the same configuration, variable values can be communicated between programs via global variables, such as the variable x illustrated in “Configuration C” in the figure above. In such a case, make sure that the global variable is only written from one location in the project. The global variable can still be read from several locations. According to the IEC standard 61131-3, all variables that have no explicit initialiser are initialised with a data type dependent default value. Despite of this, it is always recommended that the initial value is given explicitly. Naturally, the value to which each variable should be initialised depends on the logical function of the program . Data type Default initial value ANY_REAL ANY_INT ANY_BIT TIME 0.0 0 0 (=FALSE) T#0s 41 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Especially the initial values of global variables are logically significant for the program. The user cannot choose the order in which tasks are initialised, which means that if a task reading a global variable is initialised before another task gives the variable its first value, it is important that an appropriate initial value has been selected for the global variable. CASE 1. Variables declaration VARIABLE WORKSHEET of logical POU ****************************************************************** VAR TRIPPING :BOOL := FALSE; BLOCK :BOOL := TRUE; TMP1 :BOOL := FALSE; END_VAR VAR_EXTERNAL PS1_4_HSPO1 :BOOL; (* Double pole high speed power output *) (* X4.1/10,11,12,13 *) PS1_4_HSPO2 :BOOL; (* Double pole high speed power output *) (* X4.1/15,16,17,18 *) PS1_4_HSPO3 :BOOL; (* Double pole high speed power output *) (* X4.1/6,7,8,9 *) END_VAR VAR_EXTERNAL TCS1_ALARM :BOOL; END_VAR ****************************************************************** GLOBAL VARIABLE WORKSHEET ****************************************************************** VAR_GLOBAL PS1_4_HSPO1 PS1_4_HSPO2 PS1_4_HSPO3 END_VAR VAR_GLOBAL TCS1_ALARM END_VAR AT %QX 1.1.2 :BOOL := FALSE; (* Double pole high speed power output X4.1/10,11,12,13 *) AT %QX 1.2.2 :BOOL := FALSE; (* Double pole high speed power output X4.1/15,16,17,18 *) AT %QX 1.3.2 :BOOL := FALSE; (* Double pole high speed power output X4.1/6,7,8,9 *) :BOOL := FALSE; ****************************************************************** 42 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 3.2.1. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Global variables The physical contacts of RE_ 54_ are defined in the “Global Variables” worksheet. Declarations for the physical contacts are automatically defined when the correct hardware version of RE_ 54_ is selected. Declarations for the analogue channels are created after the analogue channel settings defined in the resource settings dialogue have been approved. The textual names of the inputs and outputs, for example BIO2-7_BI10IV (see figure below), can be modified. Note, however, that the address (for example AT %IX 1.29.1 :BOOL := TRUE) following the name may not be changed. global Fig. 3.2.1.-1 3.2.2. Global Variables worksheet Local variables At its beginning, each programmable controller POU type declaration is to contain at least one declaration part that specifies the types of the variables used in the organisation unit. The declaration part shall have the textual form of one of the keywords VAR_INPUT, VAR_OUTPUT, VAR and VAR_EXTERNAL followed by one or more declarations separated by semicolons and terminated by the keyword END_VAR. All the comments you write must be edited in parentheses and asterisks. (*******************************) Variable declaration (* *) of REF 541 (* *) (*******************************) Caution is required regarding comments and variable declarations. The following code example will be compiled successfully but because of the non-closed comment, the END_VAR - VAR_EXTERNAL couple will be excluded and thus the channel numbers become local variables of the POU and they get the initial value zero. 43 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM VAR (*AUTOINSERT*) NOC3Low_1 : NOC3Low; (* Erroneous nonclosed comment * END_VAR VAR_EXTERNAL (*AUTOINSERT*) U12 : SINT; (* Measuring channel 8 *) U23 : SINT; (* Measuring channel 9 *) U31 : SINT; (* Measuring channel 10 *) END_VAR Three examples of creating the textual declaration for different kinds of graphical programs are given below. Example 1 • POU type: FBD program • Function block type declaration: VAR SIGNAL1 SIGNAL2 SIGNAL3 SIGNAL4 END_VAR :BOOL :=FALSE; :BOOL :=FALSE; :BOOL :=FALSE; :BOOL :=FALSE; and_or_gates Fig. 3.2.2.-1 44 Function block image REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Example 2 • POU type: NOC3Low, manufacturer dependent function block • Function block type declaration: VAR_INPUT IL1 IL2 IL3 BS1 BS2 TRIGG GROUP DOUBLE BSREG RESET END_VAR VAR_OUTPUT START TRIP CBFP ERR END_VAR :SINT :SINT :SINT :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :=0; :=0; :=0; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; (* Analogue channel *) (* Analogue channel *) (* Analogue channel *) (* Blocking signal *) (* Blocking signal *) (* Triggering *) (* Grp1/Grp2 select *) (* Doubling signal *) (* Blocking registering *) (* Reset signal *) :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :BOOL :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; :=FALSE; (* Start signal *) (* Trip signal *) (* CBFP signal *) (* Error signal *) NOC3Low_b Fig. 3.2.2.-2 Function block image of NOC3Low 45 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Example 3 • POU type: Programmer dependent FBD function block CONDIS • Function block type declaration: condisv Fig. 3.2.2.-3 46 Type declaration of the programmer made function block CONDIS 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 condis Fig. 3.2.2.-4 FBD worksheet contents of the CONDIS function block condis_control Fig. 3.2.2.-5 Use of the programmer made function block CONDIS In the example 3 above, part of the configuration has been separated to a programmer made function block called CONDIS. Such function blocks may not be given names already belonging to library functions blocks or IEC standard function blocks. The function block CONDIS has been used like any other function block in the graphical program. It must also be remembered that a function block with an instance named by the programmer can only be inserted to the project once. 47 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 3.3. 1MRS 750745-MUM Compiling the project The “Build Project” mode in the “Make” menu is used to compile the whole project for the first time after editing, which means compiling all POUs, global variables, resources etc., whereas the “Make” mode can be used to compile the worksheets that have been edited. The changed worksheets are marked with an asterisk in the project tree editor. “Make” is the standard mode for compiling and should normally be used when you have finished editing. However, it is recommended that the “Build Project” command is given once more right before downloading the configuration to the product. In the Relay Configuration Tool you can view the execution order of the different functions or function blocks in your worksheet. The execution order corresponds to the intermediate PLC code created while compiling. Note that the execution order can only be seen if you have already compiled the worksheet using the menu item “Compile Worksheet” in the submenu “Make”. 3.4. Add-on protocol If an add-on protocol (for example DNP 3.0, Modbus) is used, the protocol mapping must be created by using Protocol Mapping Tool (PMT). For more information refer to CommunicateIT Feeder terminal REF 54_ Modbus Communication Protocol Technical Description, CommunicateIT Feeder Terminal REF 54_ DNP 3.0 Communication Protocol Technical Description or CAP 505 Protocol Mapping Tool Operator’s Manual (For more details about the documents, refer to “References”). 3.5. Downloading the configuration After the configuration has been built and succesfully compiled in the Relay Configuration Tool, and the MIMIC configuration has been designed, the project can be downloaded to the device. The parts of the project to be downloaded are selected via a dialogue box. The MIMIC configuration and the Relay Configuration Tool project can be downloaded separately. The project can also be downloaded separately as a compressed file, which enables later uploading of the project from the device. The compressed file is automatically created if “RCT project” has been selected (see Figure 3.5.-1). The target device has an inherent limitation over the size of a stored project file. If this is exceeded, the tool will interrupt the downloading and issue a warning. It is useful to include some information of the project in the file (Relay Configuration Tool: File/Project Info) by giving, for example, the name of the designer, the date and the version or other description of the configuration. Add-on protocols (for example Modbus and IEC_103) of the relay terminal are activated in the relay according to Add-On protocol selection in object properties1. 1. Note that the Modbus add-on protocol is only available in the REM 54_ Release 2.5. IEC_103 add-on protocol in the REF 54_ Release 2.5 and Release 3.0. DNP 3.0 and Modbus are available in the REF 54_ Release 3.0. 48 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Fig. 3.5.-1 Selecting RCT project (Note that for REC 523, only Relay Configuration is possible) When the configuration is downloaded, the total CPU load in percent can be checked via the parameter “Config. capacity” (Main menu/Configuration/General/Config. capacity). If the load exceeds 100%, the downloading fails, an indication “Failed” is displayed in the assisting window of the display of REF 54_ or REM 54_ and a message appears in the CAP 505. The exceeded CPU load can also be read via the parameter after a failed downloading, that is, the load value can be for example 115%. Whenever the downloading fails, no storing sequence is allowed to be started but the device must be reset before next downloading. Moreover, the device is automatically reset after a failed downloading when the download dialogue in the Relay Download Tool is closed. Note that the exceeded CPU load must be checked before resetting, since after the device is restarted, the parameter “Config. capacity” shows the load of the previous configuration that was downloaded succesfully and has become valid again. REF 54_ Release 2.5 additions The Release 2.5 of the REF 54_ includes new functionality supported by the Configuration Download Tool. The additions are relay and configuration tool compatibility checking, improved configuration error reporting and easier identification of the relay configuration. Compatibility checking The download tool will verify, that the connected relay matches the type and revision set in the relay configuration. If a mismatch occurs, downloading will not be allowed. 49 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM comp Fig. 3.5.-2 Relay type mismatch when downloading the configuration The download tool also prevents downloading, if the configuration has been modified after the last compilation. Improved configuration error reporting After downloading the configuration the relay will check, that all function block specific requirements regarding analogue channel configuration and task cycle time are fulfilled. If errors are detected, a list containing all errors will be presented with the name of the function block that reported the error and a plain text error description. The list can be copied to the clipboard and printed by using any text editor for easy reference when correcting the configuration. err Fig. 3.5.-3 Example of an error list when downloading an incorrect configuration Configuration identification The relay contains parameters for identification of the title, author, last modification date and last download date of the configuration program. A parameter is also included to identify the bay, in which the configuration is used. The title and author are set from the menu of the Relay Configuration Tool (File/Project Info). The bay name is taken from the bay object in the project structure navigator or from the protection and control object, if no bay object is used. The last download/ modification date parameters are set automatically. The Download Tool will show 50 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 the identification data of the present configuration and the new configuration and ask the user to verify, that the present configuration can be overwritten before proceeding with the download. The configuration identification data can also be viewed from the relay menu and the Relay Setting Tool at the menu path Information/Configuration. Note that the relay will store a maximum of 15 characters for each configuration identification parameter, although more characters are allowed in the Relay Configuration Tool. trace Fig. 3.5.-4 Relay configuration identification 51 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM 4. Main configuration rules for RE_ 5__ 4.1. General Make sure that all analogue signals are connected and all necessary inputs and outputs are wired. Note that the outputs of function blocks may not be connected together. There are also many other FBD programming rules to follow. One of the most typical rules is not to use the “wired-OR” connection. All signals that are connected to the same output signal (both output relays and horizontal communication outputs) must be connected via an OR gate (see figure below). TRIP PS1_4_HSPO1 I> I> OR PS1_4_HSPO1 TRIP PS1_4_HSPO1 I>> I>> "wired-OR" structure is not allowed an explicit Boolean "OR" block is required instead ORgate Fig. 4.1.-1 Use of an explicit Boolean OR gate (on the right) 52 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 4.2. Digital inputs and outputs Digital inputs and outputs of RED 500 devices are implemented as directly represented global variables. As such, they are special cases and their use in the configuration is limited. Directly represented variables are declared in the Global Variables sheet of the project tree. They can be recognized by the AT keyword as in the examples below. BIO1_5_BI1 AT %IX 1.8.2 :BOOL := FALSE; ( *Binary input X5.1/1,2 *) BIO2_7_PO1 AT %QX 1.13.2 :BOOL := FALSE; ( *Single pole output X7.1/17,18 *) Note that the parts of the line following the AT keyword may not be changed. Only the name of the signal, that is, the part before the AT keyword, may be changed if required. If the names are adapted to the logical meanings of the signals, the user is encouraged to create and to follow a naming convention. The name should indicate, apart from the logical meaning, whether the signal is an input or output signal. Examples of such names following a naming convention could be: Q9_close_sta_IN AT %IX 1.8.2 :BOOL := FALSE; (* Binary input X5.1/1,2 *) Q9_close_cmd_OUT AT %QX 1.13.2 :BOOL := FALSE; (* Single pole output X7.1/17,18 *) Access direction for the directly represented variables is restricted by their purpose. This means that a digital input can be read but not written, see Figure 4.2.-1 below. Accordingly, an output can be written but not read. Note that an input can be read from several locations within a worksheet and even from any program organisation unit within the configuration, whereas an output can only be written from one location at a time. Digital3 Fig. 4.2.-1 Writing or reading a digital input is not allowed 53 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 4.3. 1MRS 750745-MUM Explicit feedback path A feedback path exists on the FBD worksheet when an output of a function block is used as an input to a function block that precedes it in the execution order. There are two types of feedback paths, an explicit and an implicit feedback loop (see Figures 4.3.-1 and 4.3.-2 below). It is strongly recommended that explicit feedback loops are changed to implicit loops by means of a feedback variable. The Relay Configuration Tool can detect explicit loops during compilation. If the menu item “Display warnings” in the “Make” menu is checked, the compiler will give warnings about the detected explicit feedback loops. To view the feedback loops, select “Highlight feedback” in the “Layout” menu. The execution order of functions compared to the expected behaviour may in some cases dictate where the feedback variable should be added (for instructions on how to view the execution order, refer to section “Execution order” on page 56). The initial value of the feedback variable should also be selected with care. ExplFeedbck Fig. 4.3.-1 Explicit feedback loop is detected and highlighted ImplFeedbck Fig. 4.3.-2 Implicit feedback via the local variable FEEDBACK 54 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 4.4. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Analogue inputs Analogue channels defined in the resource can be connected to the analogue inputs of application function blocks on a code body worksheet. Most of the function blocks with several analogue inputs support unconnected inputs. For example, in Figure 4.4.-1 below, the function block NOC3Low operates on only two inputs. The third and unused input constantly measures a zero current amplitude. This function block only requires that at least one of the three inputs is connected. On the other hand, certain function blocks require that all analogue inputs are connected. An example of such a function block is OV3Low (see Figure 4.4.-1 below). If the analogue channel requirements of a function block are violated, a configuration error is generated. For more information on how analogue inputs are expected to be connected, refer to the function block manuals on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions, see “References” on page 125. Analogue channels connected to application function blocks may not be changed runtime. Therefore, do not use any selectors between analogue channels and function blocks. analog_inputs3 Fig. 4.4.-1 Connecting analogue inputs of application function blocks. Using a selector to switch between channels is forbidden. 4.5. Error outputs of application function blocks If a configuration for a function block is not correct, its ERR output is activated immediately after configuration downloading and the function block is forced to the “Not in use” mode. In this case, application function blocks that have the “Operation mode” parameter in their actual setting menu will display the “Not in use” operation mode, regardless of which mode has been selected for the parameter in the setting group menu. The error signals of all application function blocks should be collected together via an OR gate and connected to, for example, an HMI alarm indication of REF 54_ or REM 54_, that is, an MMIALAR_ function block. This way, detecting any untreated configuration errors is fast and easy. Configuration errors typically originate from missing special measurements, the type, order or number of analogue channels connected to function blocks, or task interval requirements. 55 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 4.6. 1MRS 750745-MUM Warnings ! In case of the indication “Warning: Instance ‘xx’ is never used” in connection with compilation, remove the corresponding instances of the function block from the variables worksheet of the POU. The tool will not give a warning for unused variables, which is why they are recommended to be removed manually. When a global variable is added to a sheet as a copy-paste -function, the global radio button has to be chosen (see figure below - properties can be accessed by double clicking the right mouse button); otherwise the variable becomes a local variable of the POU, which is due to the auto-insert feature of the tool (global variable = VAR_EXTERNAL, local variable = VAR). radio Fig. 4.6.-1 Copying a global variable to a worksheet of a POU 4.7. Execution order Check the execution order in relation to the calling sequence of POUs after the compilation by using the Layout Execution Order function. Note, however, that although the connection of simple variables to each other generates code, the execution order cannot be seen by means of the Layout Execution Order function. If the MOVE function is used instead of direct connection, the execution order can be utilised in concluding whether the result is desirable, for example, the reading and writing order of the variables. MoveExpl Fig. 4.7.-1 Direct connection of variables and a connection via the MOVE function 56 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 EXECUTIObw Fig. 4.7.-2 The INTERLOCKING variable is updated (TMP1) during the task execution cycle (see the execution order 1,2,3) In addition, the execution order may be illogical or even incorrect considering the functionality. EXECUTE2bw Fig. 4.7.-3 The implicit feedback (TMP1) delays the updating of the INTERLOCKING variable by one task execution cycle 4.8. F-key The freely programmable F-key of REF 54_ or REM 54_ is declared as VAR_GLOBAL in the global variable worksheet as follows: F001V021:BOOL:=0; (* (R, W) Free configuration point (F-key) *) The F-key parameter can be added to the configuration logic as an external variable (VAR_EXTERNAL). 57 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM medrec6 Fig. 4.8.-1 Example of using F-key with the disturbance recorder function block MEDREC16 The variables below are internal variables of the system and are thus not recommended to be used like the F-key parameter. 58 F001V011:BOOL:=0; (* (W) Resetting of operation indications *) F001V012:BOOL:=0; (* (W) Resetting of operation indications & latched output signals *) F001V013:BOOL:=0; (* (W) Resetting of operation indications, latched output signals & waveform memory *) F001V020:BOOL:=0; (* (W) Resetting of accumulated energy measurement *) F002V004:BOOL:=0; (* (R, W) Control: Interlocking bypass mode for all control objects (Enables all) *) F002V005:USINT:=0; (* (W) Control: Recent control position *) F002V006:BOOL:=0; (* (W) Control: Virtual LON input poll status *) F900V251:BOOL:=0; (* (W) Control: Execute all command for selected objects (inside module) *) F900V252:BOOL:=0; (* (W) Control: Cancel all command for selected objects (inside module) *) F000V251:BOOL:=0; (* (W) Control: Execute all command for selected objects (inside module) *) F000V252:BOOL:=0; (* (W) Control: Cancel all command for selected objects (inside module) *) 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 5. Engineering tips 5.1. Horizontal communication REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 This example includes four (4) bays. The logic is basically the same in every bay. The intention of this guideline is to point out how to ensure the horizontal inter-bay communication, including correct state indication of control objects via LON communication. The logic also includes an alarm function in case of a broken fibre optic. Incorrect updating of interlocking information blocks the control of objects, but the blocking can be bypassed by setting the device to the bypass mode. 5.1.1. Guideline for using LON NV-variables in PLC logic Communication between terminals is executed by using the communication input and output signals (global variables COMM_IN_ and COMM_OUT_). The logic must be designed in a Relay Configuration Tool project. The LON network variable bindings can be created with the LON Network Tool. Communication inputs and outputs are bound to each other on a one-to-one basis by means of unacknowledged repeated unicast service. The signals are named so that the number at the end of COMM_OUT_ (for example COMM_OUT2) denotes the bay to which the signal is sent. Accordingly, the number at the end of COMM_IN_ denotes the bay from which the signal is received. This way, COMM_OUT2 of bay 1 is bound to COMM_IN1 of bay 2. 5.1.1.1. COMM_IN COMM_IN_ signals are converted into Boolean logic mode by INT2BOOL function blocks. The B0 output signal (BLOCK1) in an INT2BOOL function block is used for blocking the control of objects except for the one that is sending the signal. In other words, only one object can be controlled at a time. Furthermore, Comm-Check_ signals are used for checking the condition of fibre optics. Signals for bay interlocking are also received. comm_in Fig. 5.1.1.1.-1 Example of the COMM_IN logic 59 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 5.1.1.2. 1MRS 750745-MUM COMM_OUT Communication signals sent from one bay to other bays include the reservation of control objects, updating of communication output signals and some indications needed in other bays. Overall, digital signals are sent via LON and converted from Boolean logic to unsigned integer (UINT, 16 bits) values. comm_out Fig. 5.1.1.2.-1 Example of the COMM_OUT logic 5.1.1.3. Cyclic sending generation The logic below shows an example of how the cyclic sending of communication output signals can be generated. The idea is to generate a boolean signal with a 5-second pulse duration and a 50-percent duty cycle. update all Fig. 5.1.1.3.-1 Example of generating the cyclic sending of communication output signals 60 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 5.1.1.4. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Cyclic communication check Checking of horizontal communication is performed by timers, which activate an alarm signal as a result of failed communication (Bay__Comm_Failed) 15 seconds after the new value of a Comm-Check_ signal has been received. Comm_Check_ signals are updated every 5 seconds, which affects the TON timer functions thus preventing the activation of Q output signals. If the communication fails, all four bays will be blocked. check Fig. 5.1.1.4.-1 Cyclic communication check 61 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 5.1.1.5. 1MRS 750745-MUM Blocking If horizontal communication has failed, the BLOCK2 signal is sent to every controllable function block to prevent the control of local objects. Furthermore, the HMI alarm indication 8 (for REF 54_ or REM 54_) will be activated. The BLOCK1 signal is used to create a mutual exclusion effect between bays. The signal is activated by horizontal communication when a control object is selected in one of the other bays. BLOCK Fig. 5.1.1.5.-1 Blocking the control of objects 62 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 5.1.1.6. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Control of objects The control of an object, for example a breaker, can be executed if the BLOCK input is not active (TRUE). Accordingly, an object cannot be controlled during the reservation of other objects (in the same bay or in other bays) or the failing of horizontal communication. However, the blocking can be bypassed by setting the terminal to the bypass mode (MAIN MENU/CONTROL/GENERAL/ INTERLOCKING BYPASS). The bypass mode (see also section“Bypass mode” below) overrides interlockings provided the bypass signal is included in the logic. Q1 Fig. 5.1.1.6.-1 Defining the bypass mode for the control object 5.1.1.7. Bypass mode The bypass mode signal can be generated in the logic via the COLOCAT function block. After activation of the bypass mode, the BYPASS signal will be active and will therefore prevent activation of the BLOCK input. bypass Fig. 5.1.1.7.-1 Generation of the bypass mode signal 63 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 5.2. 1MRS 750745-MUM Events from the measurement function blocks SPA protocol used Measurement values have to be polled because they are not sent with events. Hence, delta supervision events of the measurement function blocks can be masked off. If limit supervision is set to be done by RTU, the limit event sending must be allowed in event masks. In this case, the client is informed of the activation and resetting of each limit with the corresponding event code numbers. LON protocol used Each measured variable is individualised by an IEC address. Measurement values and the corresponding IEC addresses are sent to a client, for example to MicroSCADA, with both delta supervision events and limit supervision events. When the supervision of warning and alarm limits is active, the priority for limit event sending is higher than that for delta event sending if both type of events are sent concurrently. Concurrent event sending appears, for example, when a measured value changes considerably during a short period, e.g. when a circuit breaker is closed or opened. This causes problems if limit supervision events have been masked off, since the client will not receive all measurement values even if major changes have taken place. ! 64 Thus, the limit supervision events are not recommended to be masked off if limit supervision is used. 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 6. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 APPENDIX A: Relay configuration procedure 1. Create a new project 2. Create a tree structure a) Libraries b) Logical POU framework (programs and function blocks) c) Physical Hardware i) configuration ii) resource - hardware version - used analogue channels and measurement signal types - digital inputs - power and energy measurement - condition monitoring (circuit breaker breaker wear) iii) tasks - connection between program and task - task interval d) Logical POU contents 3. Design logics 4. Check variable declarations a) Data types and initialisers b) Instances of functions and function blocks c) Variable categories i) VAR - END_VAR ii) VAR_EXTERNAL - END_VAR iii) VAR_INPUT - END_VAR iv) VAR_OUTPUT - END_VAR v) VAR_GLOBAL - END_VAR 5. Compile a project 6. If an add-on protocol (DNP 3.0 or Modbus) is used, create protocol mapping. 7. Download it to the device 65 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM 7. APPENDIX B: Specification for feeder terminal configuration 7.1. General data Project name: Date: This specification suitable for bays: Substation name: Feeder terminal type: Software revision Order number: REF54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __(e.g. REF543HC127AAAA) Handled by: Company: Telephone number: Fax number: This document serves as a technical specification of substation protection and is used for the configuration of REF 54_ feeder terminals. Special requirements can be specified under “Further information” at the bottom of each page. 66 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 7.2. Electrotechnical data 7.2.1. Analogue inputs REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Channel Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analogue measuring channels 1 2...5 6 7...10 Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer Voltage transfomer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Further information: 67 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Module type Board MIM X1.1 27 25 24 22 21 MIMX1.1.fh8 19 18 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1MRS 750745-MUM Terminal number Connected object 100V Ch 10 X1.1:25, X1.1:27 VT4 100V Ch 9 X1.1:22, X1.1:24 VT3 100V Ch 8 X1.1:19, X1.1:21 VT2 100V Ch 7 X1.1:16, X1.1:18 VT1 Ch 6 X1.1:13, X1.1:14, X1.1:15 CT5 Ch 5 X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12 CT4 Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 0,2A 1A 1A 5A 1A 5A 1A 5A 1A 5A Signal type MIMX1.1 Module type Board SIM X2.1 Terminal number DIFF X2.2 DIFF X2.3 DIFF X2.4 DIFF X2.5 DIFF X2.6 DIFF X2.7 DIFF SIMX2.fh8 X2.8 DIFF X2.9 DIFF Ch 10, sensor X2.1 Ch 9, sensor X2.2 Ch 8, sensor X2.3 Ch 7, sensor X2.4 Ch 5, sensor X2.5 Ch 4, sensor X2.6 Ch 3, sensor X2.7 Ch 2, sensor X2.8 Ch 1, sensor X2.9 Connected object Signal type Simx2 ! The measuring device can be connected exclusively to the analogue channels of either MIM or SIM type modules. Ten channels are available. Further information: 68 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 7.2.2. System frequency 50 Hz Digital inputs Board PS1 (REF541, REF543) X4.2 1 2 4 5 6 7 PS1X4.2.fh8 Module type Terminal number Connected object PS1_4_BI1 X4.2:1, X4.2:2 1) PS1_4_BI2 X4.2:4, X4.2:5 1) PS1_4_BI3 X4.2:6, X4.2:7 1) 1) Digital input / counter input PS1X4.2 Module type Board BIO1 X5.1 1 2 3 BIO1_5_BI1 X5.1:1, X5.1:2 BIO1_5_BI2 X5.1:2, X5.1:3 4 5 6 BIO1_5_BI3 X5.1:4, X5.1:5 BIO1_5_BI4 X5.1:5, X5.1:6 7 8 9 BIO1_5_BI5 X5.1:7, X5.1:8 BIO1_5_BI6 X5.1:8, X5.1:9 BIO1_5_BI7 X5.1:10, X5.1:11 BIO1_5_BI8 X5.1:11, X5.1:12 BIO1_5_BI9 X5.1:13, X5.1:14 1) BIO1_5_BI10 X5.1:15, X5.1:16 1) BIO1_5_BI11 X5.1:17, X5.1:18 1) 10 11 12 BIO1X5.1.fh8 7.2.3. 60 Hz 13 14 15 16 17 18 Terminal number Connected object 1) Digital input / counter input BIO1X5.1 Further information: 69 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Module type Board BIO1 X5.2 BIO1X5.2.fh8 1 2 1MRS 750745-MUM BIO1_5_BI12 Terminal number Connected object X5.2:1, X5.2:2 1) 1) Digital input/ counter input/ time sync BIO1X5.2 Module type Board BIO2 (REF543, REF545) X7.1 1 2 3 BIO2_7_BI1 X7.1:1, X7.1:2 BIO2_7_BI2 X7.1:2, X7.1:3 4 5 6 BIO2_7_BI3 X7.1:4, X7.1:5 BIO2_7_BI4 X7.1:5, X7.1:6 7 8 9 BIO2_7_BI5 X7.1:7, X7.1:8 BIO2_7_BI6 X7.1:8, X7.1:9 BIO2_7_BI7 X7.1:10, X7.1:11 10 11 12 BIO2X7.1.fh8 Terminal number Connected object BIO2_7_BI8 X7.1:11, X7.1:12 13 14 BIO2_7_BI9 X7.1:13, X7.1:14 1) 15 16 BIO2_7_BI10 X7.1:15, X7.1:16 1) 1) Digital input / counter input BIO2X7.1 Further information: 70 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Digital outputs Module type Connected object PS1 (REF541, REF543) Terminal number 1) Board + PS1_4_ACFail Mains X4.1:1, X4.1:2 1) - PS1_4_TempAlarm X4.1:3, X4.1:4, X4.1:5 X4.1 1 2 X4.1 3 4 IRF 5 6 X4.1:6, X4.1:7, X4.1:8, X4.1:9 7 9 8 PS1_4_HSPO3 10 X4.1:10, X4.1:11, X4.1:12, X4.1:13 1) PS1_4_HSPO1 PS1_4_TCS1 11 13 12 TCS1 1) 16 18 17 PS1_4_HSPO2 PS1_4_TCS2 PS1X4.1.fh8 15 X4.1:15, X4.1:16, X4.1:17, X4.1:18 TCS2 1) Please indicate whether the trip circuit supervision inputs will be configured to use or not PS1X4.1 Module type Connected object PS2 (REF545) Terminal number 1) Board + PS2_4_ACFail Mains X4.1:1, X4.1:2 1) - PS2_4_TempAlarm X4.1:3, X4.1:4, X4.1:5 X4.1 1 2 X4.1 3 4 IRF 5 6 X4.1:6, X4.1:7, X4.1:8, X4.1:9 7 9 8 PS2_4_HSPO3 10 X4.1:10, X4.1:11, X4.1:12, X4.1:13 1) PS2_4_HSPO1 PS2_4_TCS1 TCS1 11 13 12 15 X4.1:15, X4.1:16, X4.1:17, X4.1:18 1) PS2_4_HSPO2 PS2_4_TCS2 TCS2 16 18 17 PS2X4.1.fh8 7.2.4. 1) Please indicate whether the trip circuit supervision inputs will be configured to use or not PS2X4.1 Further information: 71 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Module type Connected object 1MRS 750745-MUM Terminal number Board PS1 (REF541, REF543) X4.2 8 X4.2:8, X4.2:9, X4.2:10, X4.2:11 PS1_4_HSPO4 X4.2:12, X4.2:13, X4.2:14, X4.2:15 PS1_4_HSPO5 9 11 10 12 13 15 14 X4.2:16, X4.2:17, X4.2:18 PS1_4_SO1 PS1X4.2o.fh8 16 17 18 PS1X4.2o Terminal number Board PS2 (REF545) X4.2 1 X4.2:1, X4.2:2, X4.2:3, X4.2:4 PS2_4_HSPO4 X4.2:5, X4.2:6, X4.2:7, X4.2:8 PS2_4_HSPO5 X4.2:9, X4.2:10, X4.2:11, X4.2:12 PS2_4_HSPO6 X4.2:13, X4.2:14, X4.2:15, X4.2:16 PS2_4_HSPO7 X4.2:17, X4.2:18 PS2_4_HSPO8 2 4 3 5 6 8 7 9 10 12 11 13 14 16 15 17 18 PS2X4.2o.fh8 Module type Connected object PS2X4.2o Further information: 72 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Module type Connected object Terminal number Board BIO1 X5.2 3 X5.2:3, X5.2:4 BIO1_5_SO1 X5.2:5, X5.2:6 BIO1_5_SO2 X5.2:7, X5.2:8, X5.2:9 BIO1_5_SO3 4 5 6 7 9 8 10 12 X5.2:10, X5.2:11, X5.2:12 BIO1_5_SO4 11 13 15 BIO1_5_SO5 X5.2:16, X5.2:17, X5.2:18 BIO1_5_SO6 14 16 18 BIO1X5.2o.fh8 X5.2:13, X5.2:14, X5.2:15 17 BIO1X5.2o Module type Connected object Terminal number Board BIO1 (REF545) X6.2 3 X6.2:3, X6.2:4 BIO1_6_SO1 X6.2:5, X6.2:6 BIO1_6_SO2 X6.2:7, X6.2:8, X6.2:9 BIO1_6_SO3 X6.2:10, X6.2:11, X6.2:12 BIO1_6_SO4 4 5 6 7 9 8 10 12 11 X6.2:13, X6.2:14, X6.2:15 BIO1_6_SO5 X6.2:16, X6.2:17, X6.2:18 BIO1_6_SO6 14 16 18 17 BIO1X6.2.fh8 13 15 BIO1X6.2 Further information: 73 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Terminal number Board BIO2 (REF543, REF545) X7.1 X7.1:17, X7.1:18 BIO2_7_PO1 17 18 BIO2X7.1o.fh8 Module type Connected object 1MRS 750745-MUM BIO2X7.1o Module type Connected object BIO2 (REF543, REF545) Terminal number Board X7.2 X7.2:1, X7.2:2 BIO2_7_PO2 1 2 3 X7.2:3, X7.2:4, X7.2:5, X7.2:6 BIO2_7_PO3 4 6 5 7 X7.2:7, X7.2:8, X7.2:9, X7.2:10 BIO2_7_PO4 X7.2:11, X7.2:12, X7.2:13, X7.2:14 BIO2_7_PO5 8 10 9 11 12 14 13 X7.2:15, X7.2:16, X7.2:17, X7.2:18 BIO2_7_PO6 16 18 17 BIO2X7.2.fh8 15 BIO2X7.2 Further information: 74 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 7.2.5. RTD/analogue module 7.2.5.1. RTD/analogue inputs Module type Board RTD1 (REF541, REF543) X6.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Terminal number 15 16 17 18 1) SHUNT + - DIFF SHUNT + DIFF RTD1_6_AI1 X6.1:1, X6.1:2, X6.1:3 RTD1_6_AI2 X6.1:5, X6.1:6, X6.1:7 RTD1_6_AI3 X6.1:8, X6.1:9, X6.1:10 RTD1_6_AI4 X6.1:12, X6.1:13, X6.1:14 RTD1_6_AI5 X6.1:15, X6.1:16, X6.1:17 SHUNT + - DIFF 10 11 12 13 14 Connected object SHUNT + DIFF SHUNT + - DIFF X6.2 1 2 3 RTD1X6._.fh8 4 5 6 7 SHUNT RTD1_6_AI6 X6.2:1, X6.2:2, X6.2:3 SHUNT + - DIFF - 8 9 10 + DIFF SHUNT + DIFF RTD1_6_AI7 X6.2:4, X6.2:5, X6.2:6 RTD1_6_AI8 X6.2:7, X6.2:8, X6.2:9 1) Current transducer / voltage transducer / resistance sensor RTD1X6._ Further information: 75 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline RTD outputs Module type Connected object Terminal number Board RTD1 (REF541, REF543) X6.2 X6.2:11, X6.2:12 RTD1_6_AO1 + mA- 11 12 X6.2:13, X6.2:14 RTD1_6_AO2 + mA- 13 14 X6.2:15, X6.2:16 RTD1_6_AO3 + mA- 15 16 X6.2:17, X6.2:18 RTD1_6_AO4 + mA- 17 18 RTD1X6.2.fh8 7.2.5.2. 1MRS 750745-MUM RTD1X6.2 Further information: 76 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 7.3. Functionality 7.3.1. Order number REF54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (e.g. REF543HD127AAAA) 7.3.2. Application function blocks used ! The lists below represent the full set of function blocks, but the selected functionality level (indicated by a letter in the order number, for example REF543HC127AAAA) determines the function blocks available for the configuration. Note that optional functions, that is, those selectable in addition to the functions included in a functionality level, are listed separately. Protection AR5Func CUB3Low DEF2Low DEF2High DEF2Inst DOC6Low DOC6High DOC6Inst Freq1St1 Freq1St2 Freq1St3 Freq1St4 Freq1St5 Fusefail Inrush3 MotStart NEF1Low NEF1High NEF1Inst NOC3Low NOC3High NOC3Inst OV3Low OV3High PSV3St1 PSV3St2 ROV1Low ROV1High ROV1Inst SCVCSt1 SCVCSt2 TOL3Cab TOL3Dev UV3Low UV3High MEAI7 MEAI8 MEAO1 MEAO2 MEAO3 MEAO4 MECU1A MECU1B MECU3A MECU3B MEDREC16 MEFR1 MEPE7 MEVO1A MEVO1B MEVO3A MEVO3B COIND1 COIND2 COIND3 COIND4 COIND5 COIND6 COIND7 COIND8 COLOCAT COSW1 COSW2 COSW3 COSW4 MMIALAR1 MMIALAR2 MMIALAR3 MMIALAR4 MMIALAR5 MMIALAR6 MMIALAR7 MMIALAR8 MMIDATA1 MMIDATA2 MMIDATA3 MMIDATA4 MMIDATA5 Measurement MEAI1 MEAI2 MEAI3 MEAI4 MEAI5 MEAI6 Control COCB1 COCB2 COCBDIR CO3DC1 CO3DC2 CODC1 CODC2 CODC3 CODC4 CODC5 77 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Condition monitoring CMBWEAR1 CMBWEAR2 CMCU3 CMGAS1 CMGAS3 CMSCHED CMSPRC1 CMTCS1 CMTCS2 CMTIME1 CMTIME2 CMTRAV1 CMVO3 Communication EVENT230 General INDRESET MMIWAKE SWGRP1 SWGRP2 SWGRP3 SWGRP4 SWGRP5 SWGRP6 SWGRP7 SWGRP8 SWGRP9 SWGRP10 SWGRP11 SWGRP12 SWGRP13 SWGRP14 SWGRP15 SWGRP16 Optional functions COPFC CUB1Cap CUB3Cap OL3Cap PQCU3H PQVO3H 7.3.3. Communication Protocol used: 78 Port X3.2 Modbus DNP 3.0 IEC_103 SPA Port X3.2 LON SPA SWGRP17 SWGRP18 SWGRP19 SWGRP20 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 7.3.4. Virtual channels Virtual meas. Channel Analogue Channel Analogue Channel Analogue Channel number meas. 1 number meas. 2 number meas. 3 number I0s IL1 IL2 IL3 I0bs IL1b IL2b IL3b U0s U1 U2 U3 U0bs U1b U2b U3b U12s U1 U2 U23s U2 U3 U31s U1 U3 U12bs U1b U2b U23bs U2b U3b U31bs U1b U3b Further information: 79 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM 7.4. Relay MIMIC configuration 7.4.1. Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram Symbol used closed Disconnector: (truck symbols) Circuit breaker: Earth switch: Further information: 80 open undef. 0 0 undef. 1 1 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 7.4.2. Alarm LEDs Please fill in the table below to describe the legend text used as well as the flashing sequence and colour of the LEDs. LED OFF state ON state Flashing Text seq. (max. 16 characters) Colour Flashing seq. off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking Colour off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking Text (max. 16 characters) 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Interlocking _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ X X Control test mode _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ X X Further information: 81 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 7.5. 1MRS 750745-MUM Functionality logic Please specify the required special PLC logic functionality (see the examples below), by drawing or otherwise, on separate sheets and enclose all additional information with this document (Specification for Feeder Terminal Configuration). Example 1: Earthing sequence Earthing of the outgoing feeder can be done by a circuit breaker when an earthing sequence is activated, an earthing switch is earthed and no voltage is measured. If all conditions are fulfilled, the circuit breaker can be closed after 1 second. The figure below shows the implementation of the desired logic. Earthing Example 2: Usage of the F-key and a software switch F key 82 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Example 3: Voltage measurement in the MIMIC view Phase-to-phase voltage must be shown in voltages [V] in the MIMIC view. Voltage 7.6. Feeder terminal settings Responsibility: The end user defines the feeder terminal settings Feeder terminal settings according to the turn-key principle ! The setting of the parameters is not part of the configuration. The end user will normally be responsible for the setting parameters. Further information: 83 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM 8. APPENDIX C: Specification for machine terminal configuration 8.1. General data Project name: Date: This specification suitable for bays: Substation name: Machine terminal type: Software revision Order number: REM54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (e.g. REM543BM212AAAA) Handled by: Company: Telephone number: Fax number: This document serves as a technical specification of substation protection and is used for the configuration of REM 54_ machine terminals. Special requirements can be specified under “Further information” at the bottom of each page. 84 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 8.2. Electrotechnical data 8.2.1. Analogue inputs REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Channel Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analogue measuring channels 1 2...5 6 7...10 Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer Voltage transfomer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Further information: 85 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Module type 1MRS 750745-MUM Board MIM X1.1 1MRS09021227 AA_/CA_ 25 24 22 21 19 RemMim1 18 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Terminal number Connected object 100V Ch 10 X1.1:25, X1.1:27 VT4 100V Ch 9 X1.1:22, X1.1:24 VT3 100V Ch 8 X1.1:19, X1.1:21 VT2 100V Ch 7 X1.1:16, X1.1:18 VT1 0.2A 1A Ch 6 X1.1:13, X1.1:14, X1.1:15 CT5 1A 5A Ch 5 X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12 CT4 1A 5A Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 1A 5A Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 1A 5A Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 Signal type RemMim1 Module type Board MIM X1.1 1MRS09021427 AA_/CA_ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 13 RemMim2 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Terminal number Connected object 100V Ch 10 X1.1:25, X1.1:27 VT3 1A 5A Ch 9 X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24 CT6 1A 5A Ch 8 X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21 CT5 1A 5A Ch 7 X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18 CT4 100V Ch 6 X1.1:13, X1.1:15 VT2 100V Ch 5 X1.1:10, X1.1:12 VT1 1A 5A Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 1A 5A Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 1A 5A Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 Signal type RemMim2 Further information: 86 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Module type Board MIM X1.1 1MRS09021627 AA_/CA_ 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 RemMim3 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Terminal number Connected object 100V Ch 10 X1.1:25, X1.1:27 VT2 1A 5A Ch 9 X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24 CT7 1A 5A Ch 8 X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21 CT6 1A 5A Ch 7 X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18 CT5 100V Ch 6 X1.1:13, X1.1:15 VT1 1A 5A Ch 5 X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12 CT4 1A 5A Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 1A 5A Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 1A 5A Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 Signal type RemMim3 Module type Board MIM X1.1 1MRS09021827 AA_/CA_ 25 RemMim4 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Terminal number Connected object 100V Ch 10 X1.1:25, X1.1:27 VT1 1A 5A Ch 9 X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24 CT8 1A 5A Ch 8 X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21 CT7 1A 5A Ch 7 X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18 CT6 1A 5A Ch 6 X1.1:13, X1.1:14, X1.1:15 CT5 1A 5A Ch 5 X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12 CT4 1A 5A Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 1A 5A Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 1A 5A Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 Signal type RemMim4 Further information: 87 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Module type Board SIM X2.1 Terminal number DIFF X2.2 DIFF X2.3 DIFF X2.4 DIFF X2.5 DIFF X2.6 DIFF X2.7 DIFF X2.8 SIMX2.fh8 1MRS 750745-MUM DIFF X2.9 DIFF Ch 10, sensor X2.1 Ch 9, sensor X2.2 Ch 8, sensor X2.3 Ch 7, sensor X2.4 Ch 5, sensor X2.5 Ch 4, sensor X2.6 Ch 3, sensor X2.7 Ch 2, sensor X2.8 Ch 1, sensor X2.9 Connected object Signal type Simx2 ! The measuring device can be connected exclusively to the analogue channels of either MIM or SIM type modules. Ten channels are available. Further information: 8.2.2. System frequency 50 Hz 88 60 Hz REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Digital inputs Board PS1 X4.2 1 2 4 5 6 7 PS1X4.2b.fh8 Module type Terminal number Connected object PS1_4_BI1 X4.2:1, X4.2:2 1) PS1_4_BI2 X4.2:4, X4.2:5 1) PS1_4_BI3 X4.2:6, X4.2:7 1) 1) Digital input / counter input PS1X4.2b Module type Board BIO1 X5.1 1 2 3 BIO1_5_BI1 X5.1:1, X5.1:2 BIO1_5_BI2 X5.1:2, X5.1:3 4 5 6 BIO1_5_BI3 X5.1:4, X5.1:5 BIO1_5_BI4 X5.1:5, X5.1:6 7 8 9 BIO1_5_BI5 X5.1:7, X5.1:8 BIO1_5_BI6 X5.1:8, X5.1:9 BIO1_5_BI7 X5.1:10, X5.1:11 BIO1_5_BI8 X5.1:11, X5.1:12 BIO1_5_BI9 X5.1:13, X5.1:14 1) BIO1_5_BI10 X5.1:15, X5.1:16 1) BIO1_5_BI11 X5.1:17, X5.1:18 1) 10 11 12 BIO1X5.1.fh8 8.2.3. 13 14 15 16 17 18 Terminal number Connected object 1) Digital input / counter input BIO1X5.1 Further information: 89 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Module type Board BIO1 X5.2 BIO1X5.2.fh8 1 2 1MRS 750745-MUM BIO1_5_BI12 Terminal number Connected object X5.2:1, X5.2:2 1) 1) Digital input/ counter input/ time sync BIO1X5.2 Module type Board BIO2 (REM 545) X7.1 1 2 3 BIO2_7_BI1 X7.1:1, X7.1:2 BIO2_7_BI2 X7.1:2, X7.1:3 4 5 6 BIO2_7_BI3 X7.1:4, X7.1:5 BIO2_7_BI4 X7.1:5, X7.1:6 7 8 9 BIO2_7_BI5 X7.1:7, X7.1:8 BIO2_7_BI6 X7.1:8, X7.1:9 BIO2_7_BI7 X7.1:10, X7.1:11 10 11 12 BIO2X7.1b.fh8 Terminal number Connected object BIO2_7_BI8 X7.1:11, X7.1:12 13 14 BIO2_7_BI9 X7.1:13, X7.1:14 1) 15 16 BIO2_7_BI10 X7.1:15, X7.1:16 1) 1) Digital input / counter input BIO2X7.1b Further information: 90 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Digital outputs Module type Connected object Terminal number Board PS1 1) + PS1_4_ACFail Mains X4.1:1, X4.1:2 1) - PS1_4_TempAlarm X4.1:3, X4.1:4, X4.1:5 X4.1 1 2 X4.1 3 4 IRF 5 6 X4.1:6, X4.1:7, X4.1:8, X4.1:9 7 9 8 PS1_4_HSPO3 10 X4.1:10, X4.1:11, X4.1:12, X4.1:13 1) PS1_4_HSPO1 PS1_4_TCS1 TCS1 11 13 12 1) PS1_4_HSPO2 PS1_4_TCS2 TCS2 PS1X4.1b.fh8 15 X4.1:15, X4.1:16, X4.1:17, X4.1:18 16 18 17 1) Please indicate whether the trip circuit supervision inputs will be configured to use or not PS1X4.1b Module type Connected object Terminal number Board PS1 X4.2 8 X4.2:8, X4.2:9, X4.2:10, X4.2:11 PS1_4_HSPO4 X4.2:12, X4.2:13, X4.2:14, X4.2:15 PS1_4_HSPO5 9 11 10 12 13 15 14 16 17 X4.2:16, X4.2:17, X4.2:18 PS1_4_SO1 18 PS1X4.2o_b.fh8 8.2.4. PS1X4.2o_b Further information: 91 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Module type Connected object 1MRS 750745-MUM Terminal number Board BIO1 X5.2 3 X5.2:3, X5.2:4 BIO1_5_SO1 X5.2:5, X5.2:6 BIO1_5_SO2 X5.2:7, X5.2:8, X5.2:9 BIO1_5_SO3 4 5 6 7 9 8 10 12 X5.2:10, X5.2:11, X5.2:12 BIO1_5_SO4 11 13 15 BIO1_5_SO5 X5.2:16, X5.2:17, X5.2:18 BIO1_5_SO6 14 16 18 BIO1X5.2o.fh8 X5.2:13, X5.2:14, X5.2:15 17 BIO1X5.2o Terminal number Board BIO2 (REM545) X7.1 X7.1:17, X7.1:18 BIO2_7_PO1 17 18 BIO2X7.1o_b.fh8 Module type Connected object BIO2X7.1o_b Further information: 92 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Module type Connected object Terminal number Board BIO2 (REM545) X7.2 X7.2:1, X7.2:2 BIO2_7_PO2 1 2 3 X7.2:3, X7.2:4, X7.2:5, X7.2:6 BIO2_7_PO3 4 6 5 7 X7.2:7, X7.2:8, X7.2:9, X7.2:10 BIO2_7_PO4 X7.2:11, X7.2:12, X7.2:13, X7.2:14 BIO2_7_PO5 8 10 9 11 12 14 13 X7.2:15, X7.2:16, X7.2:17, X7.2:18 BIO2_7_PO6 16 18 17 BIO2X7.2b.fh8 15 BIO2X7.2b Further information: 93 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 8.2.5. RTD/analogue module 8.2.5.1. RTD/analogue inputs Module type Board RTD1 X6.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Terminal number 15 16 17 18 Connected object 1) SHUNT + - DIFF SHUNT + DIFF RTD1_6_AI1 X6.1:1, X6.1:2, X6.1:3 RTD1_6_AI2 X6.1:5, X6.1:6, X6.1:7 RTD1_6_AI3 X6.1:8, X6.1:9, X6.1:10 RTD1_6_AI4 X6.1:12, X6.1:13, X6.1:14 RTD1_6_AI5 X6.1:15, X6.1:16, X6.1:17 SHUNT + - DIFF 10 11 12 13 14 1MRS 750745-MUM SHUNT + DIFF SHUNT + - DIFF X6.2 1 2 3 RTD1X6._b.fh8 4 5 6 7 SHUNT RTD1_6_AI6 X6.2:1, X6.2:2, X6.2:3 SHUNT + - DIFF - 8 9 10 + DIFF SHUNT + DIFF RTD1_6_AI7 X6.2:4, X6.2:5, X6.2:6 RTD1_6_AI8 X6.2:7, X6.2:8, X6.2:9 1) Current transducer / voltage transducer / resistance sensor RTD1X6._b Further information: 94 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline RTD outputs Module type Connected object Terminal number Board RTD1 X6.2 X6.2:11, X6.2:12 RTD1_6_AO1 + mA- 11 12 X6.2:13, X6.2:14 RTD1_6_AO2 + mA- 13 14 X6.2:15, X6.2:16 RTD1_6_AO3 + mA- 15 16 X6.2:17, X6.2:18 RTD1_6_AO4 + mA- 17 18 RTD1X6.2b.fh8 8.2.5.2. RTD1X6.2b Further information: 95 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 8.3. Functionality 8.3.1. Order number 1MRS 750745-MUM REM54 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (e.g. REM543CM212AAAA) 8.3.2. Application function blocks used ! The lists below represent the full set of function blocks, but the selected functionality level (indicated by a letter in the order number, e.g. REM543CM212AAAA) determines the function blocks available for the configuration. Protection DEF2Low DEF2High DEF2Inst Diff3 Diff6G DOC6Low DOC6High DOC6Inst Freq1St1 Freq1St2 Freq1St3 Freq1St4 Freq1St5 FuseFail Inrush3 MotStart NEF1Low NEF1High NEF1Inst NOC3Low NOC3High NOC3Inst NPS3Low NPS3High NUC3St1 NUC3St2 OE1Low OE1High OPOW6St1 OPOW6St2 OPOW6St3 OV3Low OV3High PREV3 PSV3St1 PSV3St2 REF1A ROV1Low ROV1High ROV1Inst SCVCSt1 SCVCSt2 TOL3Dev UE6Low UE6High UI6Low UI6High UPOW6St1 UPOW6St2 UPOW6St3 UV3Low UV3High VOC6Low VOC6High MEAI6 MEAI7 MEAI8 MEAO1 MEAO2 MEAO3 MEAO4 MECU1A MECU1B MECU3A MEDREC16 MEFR1 MEPE7 MEVO1A MEVO3A CODC5 COIND1 COIND2 COIND3 COIND4 COIND5 COIND6 COIND7 COLOCAT COSW1 COSW2 COSW3 COSW4 MMIALAR1 MMIALAR2 MMIALAR3 MMIALAR5 MMIALAR6 MMIALAR7 MMIALAR8 MMIDATA1 MMIDATA2 MMIDATA3 MMIDATA4 Measurement MEAI1 MEAI2 MEAI3 MEAI4 MEAI5 Control COCB1 COCB2 COCBDIR CO3DC1 CO3DC2 CODC1 CODC2 CODC3 96 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Control CODC4 COIND8 MMIALAR4 MMIDATA5 SWGRP11 SWGRP12 SWGRP13 SWGRP14 SWGRP15 SWGRP16 SWGRP17 SWGRP18 SWGRP19 SWGRP20 Condition monitoring CMBWEAR1 CMBWEAR2 CMCU3 CMGAS1 CMGAS3 CMSCHED CMSPRC1 CMTCS1 CMTCS2 CMTIME1 CMTIME2 CMTRAV1 CMVO3 Communication EVENT230 General INDRESET MMIWAKE SWGRP1 SWGRP2 SWGRP3 SWGRP4 8.3.3. SWGRP5 SWGRP6 SWGRP7 SWGRP8 SWGRP9 SWGRP10 Communication Protocol used: LON SPA Modbus 97 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM 8.4. Relay MIMIC configuration 8.4.1. Illustration of the system, MIMIC diagram Symbol used closed Disconnector: (truck symbols) Circuit breaker: Earth switch: Further information: 98 open undef. 0 0 undef. 1 1 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 8.4.2. Alarm LEDs Please fill in the table below to describe the legend text used as well as the flashing sequence and colour of the LEDs. LED OFF state ON state Flashing Text seq. (max. 16 characters) Colour Flashing seq. off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking Colour off green yellow red latched, blinking latched, steady non-latched, blinking Text (max. 16 characters) 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Interlocking _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ X X Control test mode _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ X X Further information: 99 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 8.5. 1MRS 750745-MUM Functionality logic Please specify the required special PLC logic functionality (see the examples below), by drawing or otherwise, on separate sheets and enclose all additional information with this document (Specification for Machine Terminal Configuration). Example 1: Earthing sequence Earthing of the outgoing feeder can be done by a circuit breaker when an earthing sequence is activated, an earthing switch is earthed and no voltage is measured. If all conditions are fulfilled, the circuit breaker can be closed after 1 second. The figure below shows the implementation of the desired logic. Earthing Example 2: Usage of the F-key and a software switch F key 100 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Example 3: Voltage measurement in the MIMIC view Phase-to-phase voltage must be shown in voltages [V] in the MIMIC view. Voltage 8.6. Machine terminal settings Responsibility: The end user defines the machine terminal settings Machine terminal settings according to the turn-key principle ! The setting of the parameters is not part of the configuration. The end user will normally be responsible for the setting parameters. Further information: 101 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM 9. APPENDIX D: Specification for remote monitoring and control unit configuration 9.1. General data Project name: Date: This specification suitable for bays: Substation name: Monitoring and control unit type: Software revision Order number: REC523 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (e.g. REC523D 033AAA) Handled by: Company: Telephone number: Fax number: This document serves as a technical specification of remote monitoring and control of secondary substations in medium-voltage networks and is used for the configuration of REC 523 remote monitoring and control units. Special requirements can be specified under “Further information” at the bottom of each page. 102 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 9.2. Electrotechnical data 9.2.1. Analogue inputs Channel 1 2...4 5, 7...9 6 10 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Measuring devices that can be connected to the corresponding analogue measuring channels Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider, KOHU/KOKU sensor or general measurement Voltage transfomer,current transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Voltage transformer or general measururement Voltage transformer, Rogowski sensor, voltage divider or general measurement Further information: 103 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Board MIM (032 _AA, 037 _AA) X1.1 RecMim1 Module type 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1MRS 750745-MUM Terminal number Connected object 1A 5A Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 1A 5A Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 1A 5A Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 Signal type RecMim1 Module type Board MIM (033 _AA, 038 _AA) X1.1 27 25 24 22 21 19 Terminal number Connected object 100V Ch 10 X1.1:25, X1.1:27 VT3 100V Ch 9 X1.1:22, X1.1:24 VT2 100V Ch 8 X1.1:19, X1.1:21 VT1 1A 5A Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 1A 5A Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 1A 5A Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 Signal type 18 RecMim2 16 15 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 RecMim2 Further information: 104 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Module type Board MIM (034 _AA, 039 _AA) X1.1 27 25 24 22 21 19 Terminal number Connected object 230V Ch 10 X1.1:25, X1.1:27 VT3 230V Ch 9 X1.1:22, X1.1:24 VT2 230V Ch 8 X1.1:19, X1.1:21 VT1 Signal type 18 RecMim3 16 15 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1A 5A Ch 5 X1.1:10, X1.1:11, X1.1:12 CT4 1A 5A Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 1A 5A Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 1A 5A Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 RecMim3 Module type Board MIM (061 _AA, 066 _AA) X1.1 27 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 13 RecMim4 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Terminal number Connected object 100V Ch 10 X1.1:25, X1.1:27 VT3 1A 5A Ch 9 X1.1:22, X1.1:23, X1.1:24 CT6 1A 5A Ch 8 X1.1:19, X1.1:20, X1.1:21 CT5 1A 5A Ch 7 X1.1:16, X1.1:17, X1.1:18 CT4 100V Ch 6 X1.1:13, X1.1:15 VT2 100V Ch 5 X1.1:10, X1.1:12 VT1 1A 5A Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 1A 5A Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 1A 5A Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 Signal type RecMim4 Further information: 105 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline Module type Board MIM (062 _AA, 067 _AA) X1.1 27 25 24 22 21 19 18 16 15 RecMim5 13 12 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1MRS 750745-MUM Terminal number Connected object 100V Ch 10 X1.1:25, X1.1:27 VT6 100V Ch 9 X1.1:22, X1.1:24 VT5 100V Ch 8 X1.1:19, X1.1:21 VT4 100V Ch 7 X1.1:16, X1.1:18 VT3 100V Ch 6 X1.1:13, X1.1:15 VT2 100V Ch 5 X1.1:10, X1.1:12 VT1 1A 5A Ch 4 X1.1:7, X1.1:8, X1.1:9 CT3 1A 5A Ch 3 X1.1:4, X1.1:5, X1.1:6 CT2 1A 5A Ch 2 X1.1:1, X1.1:2, X1.1:3 CT1 Signal type RecMim5 Module type Board SIM (030 _AC, 035 _AC) X2.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 11 12 SIM1_REC.fh8 14 15 17 18 X2.2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Terminal number + + DIFF - DIFF DIFF DIFF DIFF DIFF DIFF DIFF Ch 6, 4...20mA 0..5V Ch 5, 4...20mA 0..5V Connected object Signal type X2.1:1, X2.1:2 X2.1:3 X2.1:4, X2.1:5 X2.1:6 Ch 10, sensor X2.1:11, X2.1:12 Ch 9, sensor X2.1:14, X2.1:15 Ch 8, sensor X2.1:17, X2.1:18 Ch 4, sensor X2.2:1, X2.2:2 X2.2:3 Ch 3, sensor X2.2:4, X2.2:5 X2.2:6 Ch 2, sensor X2.2:7, X2.2:8 X2.2:9 Sim1_rec Further information: 106 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Module type Board SIM X2.1 Terminal number DIFF X2.2 DIFF X2.3 DIFF X2.4 DIFF X2.5 DIFF X2.6 DIFF X2.7 DIFF SIMX2.fh8 X2.8 DIFF X2.9 DIFF Ch 10, sensor X2.1 Ch 9, sensor X2.2 Ch 8, sensor X2.3 Ch 7, sensor X2.4 Ch 5, sensor X2.5 Ch 4, sensor X2.6 Ch 3, sensor X2.7 Ch 2, sensor X2.8 Ch 1, sensor X2.9 Connected object Signal type Simx2 ! The measuring device can be connected exclusively to the analogue channels of either MIM or SIM type modules. Further information: 9.2.2. System frequency 50 Hz 60 Hz 107 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 9.2.3. 1MRS 750745-MUM Digital inputs Module type Board PSC Terminal number Connected object PSCX7.3.fh8 X7.3 1 2 PSC_7_BI1 X4.2:1, X4.2:2 1) 3 4 PSC_7_BI2 X4.2:4, X4.2:5 1) 5 6 PSC_7_BI3 X4.2:6, X4.2:7 1) 1) Digital input / counter input PSCX7.3 Module type Board BIO1 X3.1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 BIO1X3.1.fh8 16 Terminal number BIO1_3_BI1 X3.1:1, X3.1:2 BIO1_3_BI2 X3.1:2, X3.1:3 BIO1_3_BI3 X3.1:4, X3.1:5 BIO1_3_BI4 X3.1:5, X3.1:6 BIO1_3_BI5 X3.1:7, X3.1:8 BIO1_3_BI6 X3.1:8, X3.1:9 BIO1_3_BI7 X3.1:10, X3.1:11 BIO1_3_BI8 X3.1:11, X3.1:12 BIO1_3_BI9 X3.1:13, X3.1:14 BIO1_3_BI10 X3.1:15, X3.1:16 BIO1_3_BI11 X3.1:17, X3.1:18 Connected object 17 18 BIO1X3.1 Board BIO1 X3.2 BIO1X3.2.fh8 Module type 1 2 Terminal number BIO1_3_BI12 Connected object X3.2:1, X3.2:2 BIO1X3.2 Further information: 108 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Digital outputs Module type Connected object Terminal number Board PSC X7.3 8 PSC_7_SO1 or Heater Output X7.3:11, X7.3:12, X7.3:13, X7.3:14 P S C _ 7 _ H S P O 1 9 11 12 14 13 X7.3:15, X7.3:16, X7.3:17, X7.3:18 P S C _ 7 _ H S P O 2 PSCX7.3o.fh8 15 16 18 17 PSCX7.3o Module type Connected object Terminal number Board BIO1 X3.2 3 X3.2:3, X3.2:4 BIO1_3_SO1 4 5 X3.2:5, X3.2:6 BIO1_3_SO2 6 7 9 X3.2:7, X3.2:8, X3.2:9 BIO1_3_SO3 X3.2:10, X3.2:11, X3.2:12 BIO1_3_SO4 X3.2:13, X3.2:14, X3.2:15 BIO1_3_SO5 X3.2:16, X3.2:17, X3.2:18 BIO1_3_SO6 8 10 12 11 13 15 14 16 18 17 BIO1X3.2o.fh8 9.2.4. BIO1X3.2o Further information: 109 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 9.3. Functionality 9.3.1. Order number 1MRS 750745-MUM REC523 __ __ __ __ __ __ __ (e.g. REC523D033AAA) 9.3.2. Application function blocks used Measurement MEAI1 MEAI2 MEAI3 MEAI4 MEAI5 MEAI6 MEAI7 MEAI8 MECU1A MECU1B MECU3A MECU3B MEDREC16 MEFR1 MEPE7 MEVO1A MEVO1B MEVO3A MEVO3B DEF2High DOC6Low DOC6High Inrush3 NEF1Low NEF1High NOC3Low NOC3High UV3Low UV3High CODC2 CODC3 CODC4 CODC5 COIND1 COIND2 COIND3 COIND4 COIND5 COIND6 COIND7 COIND8 COLOCAT COPFC CMGAS1 CMSCHED CMSPRC1 CMTCS1 CMTCS2 CMTIME1 CMTIME2 CMTRAV1 CMVO3 SWGRP6 SWGRP7 SWGRP8 SWGRP9 SWGRP10 SWGRP11 SWGRP12 SWGRP13 SWGRP14 SWGRP15 SWGRP16 SWGRP17 SWGRP18 SWGRP19 SWGRP20 Fault indication AR5Func CUB3Low DEF2Low Control COCB1 COCB2 CO3DC1 CO3DC2 CODC1 Condition monitoring CMBWEAR1 CMBWEAR2 CMCU3 Communication EVENT230 General INDRESET SWGRP1 SWGRP2 SWGRP3 SWGRP4 SWGRP5 110 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 9.3.3. Communication Protocol used: 9.4. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 LON IEC 60870-5-101 Modbus SPA DNP 3.0 LED configuration The optional LED panel of REC 523 includes 21 LEDs that can be freely configured with the Relay Configuration Tool (for an example configuration, see Figure 9.4.-1 below). Each LED has four states: on (steady), off, fast blinking (2 Hz) and slow blinking (0.5Hz). Please specify the desired LED configuration in Table 9.4.-1 below. ledconf2 Fig. 9.4.-1 Example of the LED configuration for REC 523 111 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 112 Slow blink Specification for the LED configuration Fast blink Off LED no On (steady) Table 9.4.-1 Purpose 1MRS 750745-MUM 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 9.5. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Remote monitoring and control unit settings Responsibility: The end user defines the remote monitoring and control unit settings Remote monitoring and control unit settings according to the turn-key principle ! The setting of the parameters is not part of the configuration. The end user will normally be responsible for the setting parameters. Further information: 113 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM 10. APPENDIX E: Power quality application guide for harmonics 10.1. Power quality and harmonics Power quality is a topic that defines the limits for delivered electricity in power network. The key issue is to define acceptable variation limits to ensure that endcustomers are able to utilise the delivered power. Power quality is ultimately a customer-driven issue. Excellent power without interruptions is the ultimate target. Today this target has not been reached. There are many kind of disturbances in the network affecting power quality. Interruptions and other disturbances weaken the utilisation of delivered power in end-customer facilities. If these disturbances have noticeable effects on the utilisation of power, disturbances should be blocked out or the system should be made immune to these disturbances. Before taking action to reduce the effects of disturbances, the reason and source of the disturbance should be found. Only after that can reasonable solutions be weighted against costs and benefits. Harmonics, that is, distortion in the voltage and current waveforms, are one of the factors affecting power quality. Harmonic distortion is caused by non-linear loads that are, for example, electronic power supplies, converters, arc furnaces and arc welders. Harmonics may cause maloperation of devices, additional heating in devices and telecommunication interference. The importance of harmonics is emphasized by the fact that the amount of equipment generating harmonics constantly increases. Still, it should be noticed that the existence of harmonics is not automatically a problem. 10.2. Background for harmonics A periodic distorted waveform can be expressed as a sum of sinusoids. The waveform can be represented as a sum of pure sine waves in which the frequency of each sinusoid is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency. This multiple h is called a harmonic of the fundamental. Harmonics added to the fundamental frequency can be odd harmonics (the integer multiple h is 3,5,7...) or even harmonics (where h is 2,4,6...). In Figure 10.2.-1 odd harmonics with the amplitude 0.1 p.u. of the fundamental are added to the fundamental frequency. 114 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 2) 3) 4) Oddharm.CNV 1) Fig. 10.2.-1 Odd harmonics added to the 1.0 p.u. fundamental frequency (50Hz) waveform are illustrated in the first picture. The second picture shows the fundamental frequency with 0.1 p.u. third harmonic. The third picture represents the fundamental frequency with the 0.1 p.u. third and 0.1 p.u. fifth harmonics. In the last picture, the 0.1 p.u. seventh harmonic is added to the fundamental frequency with the third and fifth harmonics. The relationship for current and voltage harmonics is shown in Figure 10.2.-2. Pure Sinusoid Distorted voltage Voltage drop Voltdist.CNV Distorted load current Fig. 10.2.-2 Voltage distortion in power system 115 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Voltage sources, that is, generation plants do not generally generate harmonics. Harmonics are created because of power system non-linearity. Non-linear components and loads cause distorted currents because of their operational principles. Distorted currents flow through system impedance causing a voltage drop for each harmonic. This results in voltage harmonics appearing at the load bus. The created voltage distortion can be calculated if current harmonics as well as system frequency response are known. In most cases the system frequency response is very difficult to determine. Power system is a very large system that contains many non-linear components. This makes it difficult to precisely predict the effects of harmonics in different parts of the power system. 10.3. Harmonic sources The most important harmonic sources are basically converters and power supplies for numerous electrical equipment. This equipment is a source for harmonics, and at the same time, its operation principles may be very sensitive to harmonics, especially to voltage harmonics. Still, some devices can be designed to decrease their characteristic harmonics. 10.3.1. Single-phase power supplies A major harmonic concern in commercial buildings is that power supplies for single-phase electronic equipment will produce too much distortion for the wiring. Direct current power for modern electronic and microprocessor-based office equipment is commonly derived from single-phase full-wave diode bridge rectifiers. Modern technology for single-phase power supplies is based on switch-mode. A distinctive characteristic of switch-mode power supplies is the very high thirdharmonic content in the current. Other characteristic harmonics are the 5th and 7th harmonics. Switch-mode power supplies are beginning to find applications in fluorescent lighting systems. Typical current harmonics and the waveform for a switch-mode power supply are shown in Figure 10.3.1.-1. 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Harmonic Fig. 10.3.1.-1 Typical current harmonics and the waveform for a switch-mode power supply 116 Currharm.CNV Magnitude p.u. of fundamental 1 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline Three-phase power converters Three-phase electronic power converters differ from single-phase converters mainly because they do not generate the third harmonic or the third harmonic is quite small. There are many designs and types of converters for AC or DC drives with different power ratings. Harmonics may vary significantly between designs and operation conditions. Still, some examples are given below. Six-pulse and twelve-pulse converters Harmonic components of the AC current waveform with q-pulse rectifier are: h = kq ± 1 and the magnitudes of the harmonic currents are: I1 I h = --h where h k q Ih I1 the harmonic order any positive integer the pulse number of the rectifier circuit the amplitude of the harmonic current of order h the amplitude of the fundamental current The most significant harmonics for six-pulse converters are the 5th, 7th, 11th and 13th. For twelve-pulse converters, the 11th, 13th, 23rd and 25th harmonics are the most significant. PWM-type ASD Typical current harmonics and the waveform for a Pulse Width Modulation-type Adjustable Speed Drive with rated speed are shown in Figure 10.3.2.-1 . 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Harmonic HarmPWM.CNV Magnitude p.u. of fundamental 10.3.2. Fig. 10.3.2.-1 Current harmonics and the waveform for a PWM-type ASD 117 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM CSI-type ASD Typical current harmonics and the waveform for a Current Source Inverter-type Adjustable Speed Drive are shown in Figure 10.3.2.-2. 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Harmonic HarmCSI.CNV Magnitude p.u. of fundamental 1 Fig. 10.3.2.-2 Current harmonics and the waveform for a CSI-type ASD Cycloconverter harmonics The expressions of cycloconverter current harmonics are complex. They vary as a function of the frequency ratio of the cycloconverter: f h = f i ( kq ± 1 ) ± 6nf o where fh fi k, n q fo the harmonic frequency imposed on the AC system the input frequency of the cycloconverter integers the pulse number of the converter the output frequency of the cycloconverter This means that harmonics may vary significantly and interharmonics (non-integer multiple of fundamental frequency) may also appear. Characteristic harmonics for a six-pulse cycloconverter are harmonics from fundamental to 2nd, 5th to 7th, and 11th to 13th. 10.3.3. Other harmonic sources There are many other harmonic sources in addition to converters and power supplies. These sources are mainly arching devices like arc furnaces and welding equipment. Arc furnaces The harmonics produced by electric arc furnaces used for the production of steel are unpredictable. The steel scrap to be molten is a very non-linear load and thus the melting arc changes constantly. The arc current may be non-periodic and may include both harmonics and interharmonics. Still, in most applications, the loworder harmonics starting with the second and ending with the seventh predominate the non-integer harmonics. Figure 10.3.3.-1 presents typical harmonics for an arc furnace during the initial melting period and the refining period. These harmonics 118 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 0.1 0.1 0.09 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 2 3 4 5 6 7 Harmonic 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 2 3 4 5 6 7 Harmonic Harmfurn.CNV Magnitude p.u. of fundamental Magnitude p.u. of fundamental have quite a low percentage magnitude compared to the fundamental component. Arc furnaces form a large load with fundamental currents of several kA, which makes arc furnaces a significant harmonic source for the power system. Fig. 10.3.3.-1 Typical harmonics for arc furnaces. The first picture is for the melting phase and the second for the refining phase. Other arching devices similar to arc furnaces are arc welding equipment. Saturable devices Equipment in this class includes transformers and other electromagnetic devices with a steel core, including motors. Harmonics are generated due to the non-linear magnetising characteristics of the steel. Harmonics are due to exciting current, which is very rich in harmonics like the 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th. Transformers are not as much a concern as electronic power converters because exciting current is small compared to the rated full load current. However, their effect will be noticeable particularly on utility distribution systems that have hundreds of transformers. A significant increase in triplen harmonic currents is often noticed during the early morning hours when the load is low and thus the percentage of harmonics compared to the fundamental is high. Motors and synchronous generators also exhibit some distortion, although it is generally of little consequence. 10.4. System response characteristics The effect of one or more harmonic sources on a power system will depend primarily on the frequency response characteristics. The non-linear components described in section “Harmonic sources” can be represented generally as current sources for harmonics. Harmonic currents flow through impedance causing harmonic voltages. Some basic rules for the harmonic current flow are given in this section. Flow of harmonic currents Harmonic currents tend to flow from the non-linear loads (harmonic sources) towards the lowest impedance, usually the utility source. This was shown in Figure 10.2.-2. However, other connected loads provide an alternative path for harmonic currents. The flow path to be chosen will depend on impedance ratios. This may result in a situation where a neighbouring load includes harmonics although there are no harmonic sources in this load branch. Harmonics generated by other load branches will flow to this branch. This is shown in Figure 10.4.-1. 119 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM iharmonic Xtrafo RL RL RL XC Harmpow.CNV Xsystem Fig. 10.4.-1 Spreading of harmonic currents in the power system Transformers Harmtran.CNV Transformers essentially isolate the load at higher harmonic frequencies. High-order harmonics are not passed through transformers. Another effect of the transformers is the isolation of triplen harmonics due to the transformer winding design. Triplen harmonics tend to stay trapped into the delta connection and do not show up in the line currents in the delta side. Some examples for the third harmonic current flow in transformers are shown in Figure 10.4.-2. Fig. 10.4.-2 Third harmonic flow in a wye-delta-connected transformer and in a wye-wye-connected transformer These rules about triplen harmonic current in transformers only apply to balanced loading conditions. When the phases are not balanced, the triplen harmonics may as well show up where they are not expected. Figure 10.4.-2 also shows the nature of the third harmonic and neutral line. Third harmonics in line conductors tend to be in phase with each other. This means that as currents summarise in neutral connection, the third harmonic in neutral line is three times the third harmonic in the line conductor. This may result in a too high current flowing in the neutral conductor. 120 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Capacitors Capacitor banks used for voltage control and power factor correction are the major components that affect the system frequency response characteristics. Capacitors can chance the system response to harmonics by creating high impedance or, on the other hand, low impedance for harmonic currents at some frequencies. This means that although capacitors are not harmonic sources, they may cause severe harmonic distortion. On the other hand, capacitors can be used for creating paths with the lowest impedance for harmonics and applied to filtering of harmonics. The connection of capacitors may cause resonance conditions that may magnify harmonic levels. 10.5. Effects of harmonics The main effects of voltage and current harmonics within the power system are: • amplification of harmonic levels resulting from series and parallel resonance • reduction of efficiency in power generation, transmission and utilisation • ageing of the insulation of electrical plant components and thus shortening of their useful life • equipment maloperation Resonances and capacitors The presence of capacitors may result in local resonances. Resonance conditions may lead to excessive harmonic currents and voltages which increase heating and voltage stress in capacitors. Another area where resonance effects may lead to component failure is associated with the power line signalling (ripple control) for load management. In such systems, tuned stoppers (filters) are often used to prevent the signalling frequency from being absorbed in low impedance elements, such as power factor correction capacitors. Where local resonance exists, excessive harmonic currents can flow, resulting in damage to the tuning capacitors. Rotating machines A major effect of harmonic voltages and currents in rotating machinery (induction and synchronous) is increased heating due to iron and copper losses. Harmonic pairs, such as the fifth and seventh harmonics, have the potential for creating mechanical oscillations in a turbine-generator or in a motor-load system. Then highstress mechanical forces may be developed. A pulsating output torque may affect the product quality where motor loads are sensitive to torque variations. Transformers With the exception that harmonics applied to transformers may result in increased audible noise, the effects of harmonics on these components usually arise from additional heating. Current harmonics cause an increase in copper losses and stray flux losses. Voltage harmonics cause an increase in iron losses and stress the insulation. Additional heating may result in overheating with less than rated load. Accelerated ageing of transformers is also possible. 121 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM Electronic equipment Power electronic equipment is susceptible to misoperation caused by harmonic distortion. This equipment is often dependent upon accurate determination of voltage zero crossing or other aspects of voltage wave shape. Other types of electronic equipment may be affected by the transmission of ac supply harmonics through the equipment power supply or by the magnetic coupling of harmonics into equipment components. Computers and allied equipment, such as programmable controllers, may suffer from erratic data or malfunctions. Malfunctions may in some cases have serious consequences, for example in medical equipment. Less dramatic interference may occasionally be observed in radio and television equipment, as well as in video recorders and audio reproduction systems. Metering Metering instruments initially calibrated on pure sinusoidal alternating current and subsequently used on a distorted electricity supply may be prone to error. Both positive and negative metering errors are possible because error is connected to the direction of the harmonic flow. In general, the distortion must be severe (>20%) before significant errors are detected. Telephone interference The presence of harmonic currents or voltages in circuitry associated with power conversion apparatus may produce magnetic and electric fields that will impair the satisfactory performance of the communication system that, by virtue of its proximity and susceptibility, may be disturbed. 10.6. Applications for harmonic measurements Harmonics measurement function blocks can be utilised in applications like monitoring power quality affected by harmonics, monitoring harmonics in selected points of the network and locating sources of harmonics. 10.6.1. Power quality and harmonics There are several standards and recommendations for acceptable levels of harmonics in power system. Recommendations for both voltage and current harmonics can be found for distributed electricity. European Standard EN 50160 and IEEE Std 1159-1995 are well known references for power quality. Harmonic measurements can be utilised in several ways in the network. Here a utility 110/20 kV substation is taken as an example. The substation is shown in Figure 10.6.1.-1 with measurement points for currents and voltages on 20 kV side. There are three feeders connected to busbar. Feeders have different types of loads connected. Load A is generating harmonic currents and load B is a simple motor or resistive load. In addition, there is a capacitor unit connected to the busbar for reactive power compensation. This unit could also include load. 122 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 110 kV Trafo 110/20 kV Voltage measurement Current measurement 20 kV Current meas. Current meas. Current meas. Load A Harmonic source Load B Compensation Loads.CNV M 3~ Fig. 10.6.1.-1 A 110/20 kV substation with different types of loads connected to the feeders Power quality affected by harmonics at the substation can be measured in the incoming feeder for both voltage harmonics and current harmonics. If individual feeders are monitored, it should be noticed that measuring the current harmonics from each feeder is enough. The 20 kV bus voltage is common for all of the feeders. Measuring the voltage harmonics from all the feeders results in unnecessary information. Most of the time only the most important feeders (for example harmonic sources) are monitored. 10.6.2. Harmonic monitoring with individual loads and devices Harmonic measurement function blocks can be applied to monitor harmonic levels on different types of loads and devices. There are several standards for acceptable harmonic levels with different devices. Recommendations are also given by equipment manufacturers. Still, it should be noticed that “harmonic protection” with PQVO3H and PQCU3H is not applicable. These function blocks have a long measurement delay to update values (minimum 600 ms). Another feature is that all kinds of spikes and other rapid changes in measured signals are filtered off from output values. Measurement of interharmonics is not possible. Some general recommendations for acceptable harmonic levels are the following: 1. Transformers • current distortion should not exceed 5 percent 2. Motors • heat problems begin when voltage distortion reaches approximately 8 percent (motor unit without drive, harmonics in drive input may be considerably higher as shown in section “Harmonic sources”) 123 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM 3. Capacitors • voltage limit to 120 percent of peak voltage (with harmonics) -> sum of individual voltage harmonics <20% with rated fundamental In case of feeders containing many individual loads and devices, it is difficult to recommend levels according to specific devices. In such a case, the recommendations given in standards for power quality can be followed. Then the harmonics are monitored for the feeder itself, not for the load devices. 10.6.3. Locating sources of harmonics On radial utility distribution feeders and industrial plant power systems, the main tendency is for harmonic currents to flow from the harmonic producing load (Load A in Figure 10.6.1.-1) to the power system source (towards 110 kV incoming). The impedance of the power system is normally the lowest impedance seen by the harmonic currents. There are factors that may alter the path for at least one harmonic. These factors were discussed in section “Harmonic sources”. Transformers may block some harmonics, power factor correction capacitors may provide paths for higher-order harmonics, and there may be harmonic filters. To locate the harmonic source (Load A), harmonic currents in all feeders, including the incoming feeder, should be measured. These results should be checked against each other. The harmonic source is the one containing the largest amount of harmonics. It may also be useful to check the harmonic flow while the power factor capasitances are not connected. In this situation, paths for harmonics should be decreased and locating the sources of harmonics should be easier. 10.6.4. Harmonic filter performance monitoring Harmonic filters are designed to catch harmonic currents produced by harmonic sources. There can be filters for a single harmonic component or filter banks for several harmonic components, like the 5th, 7th, 11th and 13th harmonics. The current harmonic measurement function block can be utilised to evaluate how well the harmonic components are caught into the filters. In case of a filter bank designed to catch several harmonic components, the connection of the filter bank to the system may lead to a situation where uncharacteristic (mostly even) harmonic components are created. These uncharacteristic harmonics may have unwanted effects on the system performance and the filter bank. Even though the level of uncharacteristic harmonics is low and negligible after installation, the harmonic levels may be considerably magnified due to the ageing of capacitors in the filter bank. 124 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 11. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 References Manuals for REF 54_, REM 54_ and REC 523 • Installation Manual RE_ 5_ _1) 1MRS750526-MUM • Operator’s Manual RE_ 54_1) 1MRS750500-MUM • ProtectIT, Feeder Terminal REF 54_ Technical Reference 1MRS750527-MUM Manual, General1) 1MRS750915-MUM • Technical Reference Manual REM 54_1) • Modbus Remote Communication Protocol for REM 54_ Technical Description • Technical Reference Manual REC 5231) • ProtectIT Protection & Control Terminals REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1) • Technical Descriptions of Functions (CD-ROM) • REM 543 Modbus Configurations (CD-ROM) • CommunicateIT Feeder terminal REF 54_ Modbus Communication Protocol Technical Description • CommunicateIT Feeder Terminal REF 54_ DNP 3.0 Communication Protocol Technical Description 1MRS750781-MUM 1MRS750881-MUM 1MRS750745-MUM 1MRS750889-MCD 1MRS151023-MUM 1MRS755238 1MRS755260 Tool-specific manuals • CAP 505 Installation and Commissioning Manual 2) 1MRS751273-MEN • CAP 505 Operator’s Manual 2) 1MRS751709-MUM • CAP 505 Protocol Mapping Tool Operator’s Manual2) • CAP 501 Installation and Commissioning Manual 3) 1MRS751270-MEN • CAP 501 Operator’s Manual 3) 1MRS751271-MUM • Relay Configuration Tool, Quick Start Reference 2) 1MRS751275-MEN • Relay Configuration Tool, Tutorial 2) 1MRS751272-MEN • Relay Mimic Editor, Configuration Manual 2) • Tools for Relays and Terminals, User’s Guide 1MRS751274-MEN 1MRS752008-MUM 1) Included on the CD-ROM Technical Descriptions of Functions, 1MRS750889-MCD 2) Included on the CD-ROM Relay Product Engineering Tools 3) Included on the CD-ROM Relay Setting Tools 125 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 12. Glossary ASD CPU CSI DNP 3.0 FBD HMI IEC_103 I/O LCD LED LON MIMIC Modbus NV PLC POU PWM RCT project file RMS SPA 126 1MRS 750745-MUM adjustable speed drive central processing unit current source inverter distributed network protocol function block diagram human-machine interface IEC 60870-5-103, communication protocol standardized by International Electrotechnical Commission input/output liquid-crystal display light-emitting diode Locally Operating Network a graphic configuration picture on the LCD of a relay communication protocol introduced by Modicon Inc. network variable programmable logic controller program organisation unit pulse width modulation Relay Configuration Tool project, a zipped project file root mean square data communication protocol developed by ABB 1MRS 750745-MUM Configuration Guideline 13. REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Index A Analogue channels ................................................................................19, 29 B Blocking .....................................................................................................62 Bypass mode ...............................................................................................63 C Code body worksheet ...........................................................................12, 13 Communication ..........................................................................................59 Communication signals ........................................................................59, 60 Compiling the project .................................................................................48 Condition monitoring ...........................................................................27, 38 Configuration ................................................................9, 17, 65, 66, 84, 102 Configuration error ...................................................................21, 24, 31, 35 Control of switchgears ................................................................................63 Cyclic communication check .....................................................................61 Cyclic sending generation ..........................................................................60 D Data types ...................................................................................................10 Description worksheet ................................................................................12 Digital inputs ..................................................................................25, 36, 53 Digital outputs ............................................................................................53 Downloading the configuration ..................................................................48 E Error outputs ...................................................................................24, 35, 55 Events .............................................................................................24, 35, 64 Execution order ..........................................................................................56 Explicit feedback ........................................................................................54 F F-key ...........................................................................................................57 Frequency ...................................................................................................21 G Global variables ....................................................................................41, 43 H Hardware version ..................................................................................18, 28 Harmonic restraint measurement ..........................................................20, 30 Harmonics .................................................................................................114 HMI ......................................................................................................55, 62 Horizontal communication .........................................................................59 127 REF 54_, REM 54_, REC 523 Configuration Guideline 1MRS 750745-MUM L Libraries ..................................................................................................... 10 Logic .......................................................................................................... 59 Logical POUs ....................................................................................... 10, 14 M Manuals .................................................................................................... 125 Measurement function blocks ........................................................ 20, 30, 64 Measurements ........................................................................... 20, 26, 30, 37 MIMIC ............................................................................. 48, 80, 83, 98, 101 Modbus ......................................................................................................... 6 N Neutral current ............................................................................................ 21 P Physical hardware ................................................................................ 10, 17 Polling ........................................................................................................ 59 Power quality ........................................................................................... 114 Program Organisation Unit (POU) ............................................................. 12 Project tree .................................................................................................. 10 R References ................................................................................................ 125 Relay configuration procedure ................................................................... 65 Relay Configuration Tool ............................................................................ 8 Resource ..................................................................................................... 18 S Specification for Feeder Terminal Configuration ...................................... 66 Specification for Machine Terminal Configuration ................................... 84 Specification for Remote Monitoring and Control Unit Configuration ... 102 T Task interval ............................................................................................... 39 Tasks .......................................................................................................... 39 Technical data ............................................................................................ 20 True RMS measurement ....................................................................... 20, 30 V Variable worksheet ............................................................................... 12, 42 Virtual channels .................................................................................... 22, 32 W Warnings .................................................................................................... 56 128 1MRS750745-MUM EN 04.2004 ABB Oy Distribution Automation P.O. Box 699 FI-65101 Vaasa FINLAND Tel. +358 10 22 11 Fax. +358 10 224 1094 www.abb.com/substationautomation
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