See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/367204448 Teaching innovation Through Multisectoral Collectives for Project Management from the Perspective of Social Innovation Chapter · December 2022 DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv36k5bvk CITATIONS READS 0 578 1 author: Oscar Felipe Garcia University of Guadalajara 15 PUBLICATIONS 2 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE All content following this page was uploaded by Oscar Felipe Garcia on 17 January 2023. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. INNOVACIÓN DOCENTE E INVESTIGACIÓN EN EDUCACIÓN: EXPERIENCIAS DE CAMBIO EN LA METODOLOGÍA DOCENTE COMPS. María del Mar Molero Jurado Ana Belén Barragán Martín María del Mar Simón Márquez África Martos Martínez Innovación Docente e Investigación en Educación: Experiencias de cambio en la Metodología Docente Comps. María del Mar Molero Jurado Ana Belén Barragán Martín María del Mar Simón Márquez África Martos Martínez © Los autores. NOTA EDITORIAL: Las opiniones y contenidos de los textos publicados en el libro “Innovación Docente e Investigación en Educación: Experiencias de cambio en la Metodología Docente”, son responsabilidad exclusiva de los autores; así mismo, éstos se responsabilizarán de obtener el permiso correspondiente para incluir material publicado en otro lugar, así como los referentes a su investigación. No está permitida la reproducción total o parcial de esta obra, ni su tratamiento informático, ni la transmisión de ninguna forma o por ningún medio, ya sea electrónico, mecánico, por fotocopia, u otros medios, sin el permiso previo y por escrito de los titulares del Copyright. Editorial DYKINSON, S.L. Meléndez Valdés, 61 - 28015 Madrid Teléfono (+34) 91 544 28 46 - (+34) 91 544 28 69 e-mail: [email protected] http://www.dykinson.es http://www.dykinson.com Consejo Editorial véase www.dykinson.com/quienessomos Madrid, 2022 ISBN: 978-84-1122-867-1 Preimpresión realizada por los autores — 4— Índice CAPÍTULO 1 EVALUACIÓN DE LA COMPETENCIA DIGITAL EN EL PROFESORADO DE EDUCACIÓN SECUNDARIA EN ESPAÑA OCASIONADA POR LA ETAPA DE CONFINAMIENTO PRODUCIDA POR LA COVID-19 AINHOA SARMIENTO GARCÍA, JUAN PABLO HERNÁNDEZ-RAMOS, Y RODRIGO MORCHÓN GARCÍA ........................................................................................................ 17 CAPÍTULO 2 PRIMEROS PASOS EN EL CAMINO PARA FOMENTAR LA COEDUCACIÓN REAL EN LOS GRADOS DE EDUCACIÓN NAHIA IDOIAGA MONDRAGÓN ..................................................................................... 29 CAPÍTULO 3 TEACHING INNOVATION THROUGH MULTISECTORAL COLLECTIVES FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIAL INNOVATION. ÓSCAR FELIPE GARCÍA .................................................................................................. 41 CAPÍTULO 4 ADAPTACIÓN DE LA ASIGNATURA PSICOLOGÍA DE LA EDUCACIÓN A FLIPPED LEARNING: UNA EXPERIENCIA PILOTO ION YARRITU CORRALES Y NAHIA IDOIAGA MONDRAGÓN ...................................... 51 CAPÍTULO 5 LA ENSEÑANZA DE LAS CIENCIAS EXPERIMENTALES EN UN CONTEXTO DE VIRTUALIDAD: PERCEPCIÓN DEL PROFESORADO EN FORMACIÓN FÁTIMA AGUILERA PADILLA ........................................................................................ 59 CAPÍTULO 6 PERSPECTIVA EDUCATIVA DEL DESARROLLO TURÍSTICO SOSTENIBLE EN LA COSTA DEL SOL ANA LEÓN-GÓMEZ Y LIDIA LÓPEZ MARFIL ................................................................ 69 — 5— Índice CAPÍTULO 7 LA IMPORTANCIA DE LOS PROCESOS DE MENTORIZACIÓN, Y LA ADQUISICIÓN DE HABILIDADES BLANDAS, EN LA INCORPORACIÓN LABORAL DE LOS ALUMNOS UNIVERSITARIOS MARÍA JESÚS LAGO ÁVILA, ÁNGEL BARTOLOMÉ MUÑOZ DE LUNA, Y SONIA MARTÍN GÓMEZ ............................................................................................................. 79 CAPÍTULO 8 LA LITERATURA EN LA ENSEÑANZA DEL ESPAÑOL COMO LENGUA EXTRANJERA A NIÑOS: RECURSO PARA EL DESARROLLO DE LAS HABILIDADES LINGÜÍSTICAS CARMEN VANESA ÁLVAREZ-ROSA .............................................................................. 91 CAPÍTULO 9 BELLAS ARTES Y GEOLOGÍA, CIENCIA ACCESIBLE, EQUIPOS DOCENTES INTERDISCIPLINARES Y CONCIENCIA MEDIOAMBIENTAL, ODS 3, 4, 6 Y 12 MARÍA LERIA, VINYET BAQUES, ELISABET PLAYÀ, ANNA TRAVÉ, E IRENE CANTARERO ................................................................................................................. 107 CAPÍTULO 10 EVALUAR LA COMPETENCIA COMUNICATIVA DE ALEMÁN PARA FINES PROFESIONALES EN LOS ESTUDIOS DE GRADO EN TURISMO GLORIA BOSCH-ROIG ................................................................................................... 121 CAPÍTULO 11 ESTRATEGIAS INNOVADORAS PARA EL TRABAJO INDIVIDUAL AUTORREGULADO EN LA FORMACIÓN INSTRUMENTAL ELENA BERRÓN RUIZ .................................................................................................. 135 CAPÍTULO 12 ENFRENTÁNDOSE A LOS RETOS DEL TRABAJO DE FIN DE GRADO: UN PROGRAMA DE INTERVENCIÓN PSICOEDUCATIVO Y SU RÉPLICA MANUEL IGLESIAS-SOILÁN, DANIEL ENGUÍDANOS, IRENE SÁNCHEZ-SAN-JOSÉ, Y JUAN FERNÁNDEZ ....................................................................................................... 145 — 6— Índice CAPÍTULO 13 LA SIMULACIÓN CLÍNICA EN URGENCIAS, EMERGENCIAS Y CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA ISABEL MARÍA FERNÁNDEZ MEDINA Y MARÍA DEL MAR JIMÉNEZ LASSERROTTE .............................................................................................................. 157 CAPÍTULO 14 CONSTRUYENDO IDENTIDADES DESDE LAS COMPETENCIAS DE LA ORIENTACIÓN EDUCATIVA EN LA FORMACIÓN INICIAL LARA YÁÑEZ MARQUINA, ZOE MARTÍNEZ DE LA HIDALGA DE LA TORRIENTE, Y LIRIO FLORES MONCADA ............................................................................................ 171 CAPÍTULO 15 EVALUACIÓN DE LAS PRÁCTICAS: TRADICIONAL VS ONLINE MARTA FERNÁNDEZ RIESCO, DAVID GARCÍA VALCARCE, Y VANESA ROBLES RODRÍGUEZ .................................................................................................................. 183 CAPÍTULO 16 UNA REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA SOBRE LA NUEVA HERRAMIENTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN EN LA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR: EL PHOTOVOICE JAVIER MULA FALCÓN, MARÍA ASUNCIÓN RÍOS JIMÉNEZ, MARTA GARCÍA JIMÉNEZ, Y JAVIER DE LA HOZ-RUIZ........................................................................................... 193 CAPÍTULO 17 PROGRAMA DE EDUCACIÓN PARA LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL DIRIGIDO A ESTUDIANTES DE EDUCACIÓN PRIMARIA MARÍA DEL CARMEN GARCÍA REINA Y ALMUDENA JUANES GARCÍA .................... 203 CAPÍTULO 18 PEDAGOGÍA TEATRAL EN ACCIÓN: EL TEATRO LAMBE-LAMBE COMO MEDIO PARA EL DESARROLLO DE HABILIDADES DE COMPRENSIÓN LECTORA Y SOCIOEMOCIONALES EN NIÑOS Y NIÑAS DE EDUCACIÓN BÁSICA CARMEN SÁNCHEZ DUQUE, PEDRO CHACÓN GORDILLO, Y XANA MORALES CARUNCHO ................................................................................................................... 215 CAPÍTULO 19 RESPUESTA EDUCATIVA PARA ALUMNOS CON TRASTORNOS PENETRANTE DEL DESARROLLO JAVIER DE LA HOZ-RUIZ, JAVIER MULA FALCÓN, MARÍA ASUNCIÓN RÍOS JIMÉNEZ, Y MARTA GARCÍA JIMÉNEZ ......................................................................................... 227 — 7— CAPÍTULO 3 TEACHING INNOVATION THROUGH MULTISECTORAL COLLECTIVES FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIAL INNOVATION. ÓSCAR FELIPE GARCÍA Universidad de Guadalajara INTRODUCTION The concept of social innovation as a growing field of study and application from various approaches and disciplines, demands special attention in the educational processes that accompany it to achieve the purpose of new or better forms of social solution. According to the above, a diverse and growing theoretical and practical framework has been identified in the last decade, in which a bipolar tendency can be appreciated in the construction of knowledge and in the implementation of projects on the subject; on the one hand, we have an abstract and rather diffuse approach pole, which tries to relate social innovation with other logics of reflection and social analysis that are solidly justified and must deal with a concept that seems to be unclear about its own epistemology. The above mentioned, creates a representation in some collectives of social innovation as a kind of theoretical implant that, lacking support in itself, is branded as a "neoliberal" construction to embellish with a touch of modernity the old reflections and searches for solutions in the social, a phenomenon criticized in concepts implemented with much popularity in Latin America such as: "smart cities, smart campuses", "hybrid intelligence", "Industry 5.0" and "Culture of Peace", among others. The other pole is in an empirical dimension with the "communities of practice" that seek to find concrete tools to generate social solutions in their different fields of action, but do not always have in their proposals implementation projects and social evaluation systems based on scientific evidence and with the flexibility of a social construction and application of knowledge with and from the communities that require the solution. Thus, it is difficult to demonstrate the innovative character of social projects because their evidence translates into the use of techniques that belong to the dimension of social creativity, technological innovation or entrepreneurship or participatory social research. Although there is no final word on the definition of social innovation projects, there is a current consensus of experts on what Social Innovation is NOT, which can be useful to avoid alterations to the essence of this field of knowledge, see table 1: — 41— Teaching innovation through multisectoral collectives… Table 1. Arguments about what is not social innovation a) b) c) d) e) They are not a species within the so-called managerial or administrative innovations focused exclusively on entrepreneurship. They are not, good or best practices in social actions or altruistic social responsibility programs from any specific sector. They are not an action to reduce the technological gap, since training in this field must be connected to a proposal of social appropriation of knowledge to achieve organizational and systemic changes from the people who give meaning to the uses of technology. It is not the participatory methodologies of research or social application that promote creativity. They are not, the use of educational platforms, the development of social networks through the web or the creative use of modern technologies for specific knowledge management purposes. f) They are not in themselves social aid measures within the so-called technological innovations and do not require for their development expensive or state-of-the-art technological devices. Source: Own elaboration based on Begoña (2014), Gurrutxaga (2020) y García (2021). On the other hand, we can add considerations taken from various authors to help address the very frequent confusion with other concepts and the unfortunate "simulatory" implementation that abounds in many institutions and actors who have coined social innovation as a way of generating financial, political or any other type of capital for non-public interests that endorse "iatrogenic" practices in our communities: First; the field of social innovation is different from the field of social entrepreneurship, as these disciplines respond to epistemologically different constructs, although they may be complementary as related to the need for business innovations to initiate and consolidate from social needs (Mulgan, & Leadbeater, 2006). Second; social innovation is possible largely because of the ability to manage good practice procedures and those related to the internalization of values in both individuals and groups" (Gurrutxaga & Echeverría, 2012). Third, for the study and management of social innovation, the understanding of complex systems and logics related to the objectives of social development in different global contexts is highly relevant, as it is closely connected to social inclusion and socio-ecological resilience (Antadze & Westley, 2012). Fourth, civil society, social and cultural collectives and social organizations are leading actors in social innovation (Moulaert, MacCallum, Mehmood, & Hamdouch, 2014). However, the third sector is not the only source for generating this type of innovation; it can and should be promoted from different sectors of society: the sector in charge of governance, the science and technology sector, the various business sectors, in a strategic linkage between research, practice and design science (García, 2021). — 42— Teaching innovation through multisectoral collectives… Fifth, social innovation is an object of analysis, but it is not only a reflective exercise, it is above all a praxis, which can lead to novelties and improvements in people's lives" (Hernández -Ascanio, Tirado Valencia, & Arizamontes, 2016). The above, is very important to address the complex situation that arises about the inadequate and dangerous use of this concept by to justify the "updating" and acceptance of old and harmful social initiatives. In this sense, the educational sector at all levels and particularly the areas of educational innovation and/or knowledge management of universities, government agencies, for-profit and non-profit organizations, among others, constitute important instances in the promotion of social innovation projects based on solid theoretical and methodological foundations related to community needs, the application and construction of common knowledge, under an adequate scheme of participatory social evaluation. From this perspective, this chapter presents some results of the study on teaching innovation from inter-institutional collectives for the management of social innovation projects with the participation of the University of Guadalajara Mexico from the Department of Public Policies of its University Center of Economic and Administrative Sciences and the international organization Famimundo Institute. METHOD This study is based on a form of participatory action research that draws on several experiences from different disciplines and countries, but which essentially have in common the ability to contribute to the design, implementation and evaluation of social solutions from a community educational approach and applied knowledge. First of all, we take into account a form of research endorsed in 2015 by Colciencias Colombia with the purpose of recognizing the human and cognitive qualities of specific populations called research-creation. This research method, among other objectives, seeks to generate new repertoires of knowledge from the place in between where the boundaries of the academic and the non-academic are broken down and to make visible the fabric of epistemic, methodological and ontological relationships that practice produces in the formal, informal and relational context of knowledge (Silva, 2021). From the above perspective, the author (Sullivan, 2005), assumes in the experience of practice, the way in which creative disciplines produce knowledge, in this case, the person of the artist or the educator can be a catalyst of social innovations by their approach to formal and informal contexts, from an articulation to the exercise (inquiry, reflective and practical and educational) of professional practice and the creative process (Ibid). — 43— Teaching innovation through multisectoral collectives… On the other hand (Manzini, 2015), states that social innovation should be conceived from the very design of the projects, and this should be recognized as a source of social innovations in the broadest sense. Consequently, it is important to consider the different formats of design to move and provoke social innovations; the format that takes into account people, the one that takes place in communities and the one that focuses on the systems where the improvement or new solution is sought to be delivered (Martínez, 2021). The above is perfectly compatible with all disciplines and with the training of actors capable of doing research to improve, transform and consolidate social solutions in each field of knowledge and has coincidences with other approaches from the paradigm of action research and from approaches of community knowledge construction. Secondly, it integrates the approaches of worthy representatives of the Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach of Fals Bordiana vision and its disruptive stance against the "positivist" research models due to their rigidity in the approach to communities: "The methodology participatory action research has its origins in the social struggle with liberating and emancipatory pretensions, in a multipolar, integrative and syntagmatic vision, it proposes considerations that make it proper to Latin America." (Velásquez., Alvarado, & Barroeta, 2021). In this sense, a structured study is proposed in accordance with the three dimensions proposed by PRA: the diagnostic dimension, the action dimension and the systematization and systematic return dimension. This study is carried out in the period between August 2018 and August 2022 and involves the participation of a multi-sectoral group of Ibero-American actors with notable experience in innovation and/or research and/or project management. Participants are interviewed in the framework of academic and social organizations meetings in the cities of Florianópolis, Campinas and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cali, Medellin and Bogota, Colombia. Guayaquil and Quito, Ecuador. Paraguay. Mexico City, Guadalajara and Leon, Mexico and Valencia, Spain in Latin America. Subsequently, virtual meetings are held through platforms to achieve other discussions, cross-checking of information and variables for validation and subsequent incorporation into the educational intervention proposal called "Buenos Puertos", carried out in the action stage (January 2020-January 2022), in a blended format, implemented 90% virtually and 10% face-to-face. Due to its coincidence with the COVID 19 pandemic, a situation that allows greater connectivity with the actors through digital media due to the quarantine situation of many of them. — 44— Teaching innovation through multisectoral collectives… The Buenos Puertos project incorporated in its content and structure elements of several previous theoretical and methodological proposals, which are mentioned below: 1. The 4 phases of design thinking: Discover, Interpret, Delimit and Propose (Beckman & Barry, 2007). 2. The 4 diagnostic dimensions of the experience analysis method: environmental, social, cultural and economic, its phases and tools (Maldonado, 2005). 3. The methodologies and tools for the recognition of territories of the sociocommunity management mechanism "Iniciativa Superior", validated in several Latin American countries by the Famimundo Institute, see table 2. Table 2. Management Mechanism "Superior Initiative" Social Cartography. Life Stories and Community. Territorial Knowledge mapping. management Participatory construction workshops. Social evaluation of communities. Focus groups. Management of seedbeds of community socio-educational innovation Partnerships with collectives. focus Social education of trainers, managers, and implementers (Project Science and Science of Prevention, among others). Incubation of social networks and initiatives. Socially humane Social education in public policy and evidence for social evaluation and management. international cooperation. Source: Famimundo Institute, (2018) In a transversal way, the purpose is to dynamize an educational exercise focused on knowing and transforming society from the perspective of an education for development, peace building and community economic development. Finally, the systematization and feedback dimension has been carried out since January 2022 and is part of the feedback process, the generation of a series of days of knowledge building and learning feedback with the participating actors and populations and their communities of influence, the publication of this article among other publications and activities of community dissemination of learning. RESULTS In this research, 10 action groups of 20 people each were formed for the initial phase with members from different countries and institutions, in this exercise a horizontal approach is achieved to understand the educational needs in the field of social projects and a contextual approach to try to answer the following research questions: — 45— Teaching innovation through multisectoral collectives… 1. what kind of partnerships should be present in inter-institutional collectives to contribute to the management-gestation of projects from social innovation in Latin America? Within the framework of this question, it is possible to identify forms of association that have occurred in the territories for the conformation of social projects and to understand the difficulties and their relationship with group cohesion, health and safety in the organizations, the conformation of high performance teams and the development of solutions tailored to the communities. Repetitive elements are found in the study in all contexts (more accentuated in some places and scenarios); the affectation of the groups by very capable people individually, but with difficulties in the exercise of power, in the management of relationships and in the promotion of collective action, in almost all cases due to a tendency in the search for personal growth and in some few cases due to mental health situations resulting from the wear and tear in the exercise of work. Another obvious issue is the need to make processes and new organizational forms more flexible or create new ones to enable "hybrid" structures that promote multi-sectoral partnerships at local, regional and global levels and facilitate knowledge management for innovation. 2. How to train actors for educational innovation from the consolidation of institutional collectives for the management of social innovation projects? As an answer to this question, there are significant gaps in the training of the people in charge of the training and wrong and confusing narratives about the concept, which is often confused with the concept of creativity. In this sense, it is necessary to promote a new narrative of teaching innovation as a tool to promote social innovation and to start with the theoretical construction that helps the integration with the educational and the community. Thus, it is possible to validate with the participating actors a definition proposal focused on understanding the subject of study from a perspective based on education, but with the capacity of association with the economic-administrative "sciences" and with other "sciences" for the multisectorial, local and global construction of social innovations from the context. In accordance with the above, the conceptual category "socio-community educational innovation" is defined as: a collective, strategic, inclusive, multisectorial and contextual action focused on the application of knowledge and consolidation of learning in the design, evaluation, implementation and sustainable management of socially humane projects for systemic change, in and from the communities. Consequently, a social intervention is carried out that translates into the educational proposal for the training of trainers in project management from social — 46— Teaching innovation through multisectoral collectives… innovation, called "Good Ports" and is part of the framework exercise of participatory action research that underlies this educational-community study. The results of this experience are expressed in a curricular construction that responds to the development of the following basic thinking skills, expressed as "mentalities", see Table 3: Table 3. Mentalities for management. Management Manage progress and scenarios Manage human social management of key processes. To manage the relationship and the strategic partnership Global and territorial management Managing community socio-educational innovation Source: Own elaboration Mentality The prospective and adaptive mentality Socially humane mentality Strategic associative mentality Glocal super-connective mentality Community systemic educational mindset At the methodological level, the validation of a management proposal for the consolidation of knowledge ecosystems and the promotion of capacities in community systems and their territories from a perspective of peace building, multifactorial health and safety and community economic development is achieved. In this sense, in the countries of the actors participating in this study, since the second phase of the Higher Initiative mechanism, a strategy for the promotion of partnership seedbeds with a focus on different scenarios has been implemented, with the participation of government actors, leaders of civil society organizations and graduate students from some universities: among them Mexican students who collaborate as trainers in the collectives of other Latin American countries in the classroom or virtual modality, attached to the Master in social innovation and welfare management, the Master in Public Policies, the Master in Health and Safety at Work, the Master in Learning Technologies and the Doctorate in Public Policies of the University Center of Economic Sciences of the University of Guadalajara. Mexico. At the operational level, the thematic network on community systems for peace is being developed with the participation of various sectors and actors from countries at the global level in a strategic international cooperation scheme for social inclusion, the promotion of a preventive culture of recurrent phenomena such as drug dependence, criminality and for the socio-productive integration of vulnerable populations. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION When we talk about social innovation in any of its emphases, we enter a universe of conceptions and approaches that attempt to describe the multiple visions of schools of thought and sectors of society. According to the above, we can find positions related — 47— Teaching innovation through multisectoral collectives… to Anglo-Saxon, Eurocentric and Asian epistemology, as well as local Latin American epistemologies such as the paradigmatic vision of the epistemology of the South. It is definitely relevant to know these views, but it is equally important for the design of social solutions, to find, if necessary, the balance between global and international approaches and local proposals, safeguarding the cultural values of indigenous peoples and the human rights of the various communities. However, while we find this balance from the theoretical reflections, we must continue to address the day to day social challenges present in our contexts with increasing strength and complexity, in the face of systems with little response capacity and strong structural weaknesses and contradictions that do not facilitate innovative social action in projects to address community social challenges. From this logic, it is a matter of strategically connecting in inter-institutional collectives key actors for the management of socially innovative projects, which from the approaches of Loenardis, (2004) is proposed as the challenge of connecting different stories, with different protagonists, different combinations of material and human resources, procedures from different sources. But with some basic common elements, in particular, the intention and tension regarding the production of synergistic relationships between the social assistance required by society and the production of goods and services needed in a business world. Thus, a key challenge for teaching at all levels is the presentation of innovative proposals for the training of actors capable of managing the transformation of each place of social assistance and/or social and human services into a productive laboratory of social welfare with sustainability and of each entrepreneurial and governmental institution into organizations as community systems that promote systemic, human and socially inclusive changes at the level of social contexts, see Figure 1. Figure 1. Integrative Organizations and Institutionality Source: Own elaboration In accordance with the above, a conceptual category is proposed from this research experience to be incorporated in the curricular development of instances that can guide the articulation of contents for the design of educational proposals for — 48— Teaching innovation through multisectoral collectives… the training of trainers in community project management from the perspective of social innovation, cited in the results of this chapter. In this sense, it is a priority for public policies to integrate into the educational systems a curricular proposal for a project based on the evidence of knowledge mobilization for social inclusion and to seek community socio-educational innovation through the social action of educators trained to participate in collaborative schemes of multisectoral partnership such as the so-called social innovation collectives. This is an experience of educational innovation that promotes learning communities and knowledge networks to address key goals for our communities, among them, the three central ones evaluated by the United Nations Human Development Program: 1. Long and healthy life. 2. To be able to acquire knowledge. To have access to the necessary basic resources. The above must be safeguarded from a vision that has production as the means to promote ends such as; degrees of freedom, democracy and creativity, social inclusion, community health and safety and socio-productive integration, among others. The historical call to human beings and their institutions is not to see production as an end, but as a means for distribution and its effect on the expansion of opportunities for personal and social development (González, 2008). REFERENCES Antadze, N. & Westley, F. (2012). Impact metrics for social innovation: Barriers or Bridges to radical change? Journal of Social Entrepreneurship,3(2) 133-150. Beckman, S.L. & Barry, M. (2007). Innovation as a learning process: embedding design thinking. California Management Review, 50(1), 25–56. Begoña, M. (2014). The evaluation of social initiatives from the perspective of social innovation. General criteria and analytical proposals. Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) Spain. Famimundo Institute, (2018). Socio-community knowledge management mechanism. Iniciativa Superior. Mexico. García, O. (2021). Management from social innovation, leadership in territories of Peace. In García & Morales, Social innovation, management and cooperation in peace territories . Medellín, Colombia: Universidad de Antioquia. González, S. (2008). Political Psychology. Editorial Universitaria de Costa Rica. University City. Gurrutxaga, A. & Echeverría, J. (2012). The Light of the Firefly. Dialogues of Social Innovation. Madrid: Plaza y Valdez. Editores. Gurrutxaga, A. (2020). Governance, complexity and good governance in the Vasco Country. Journal of Economics. Ekonomiaz, 35(2), 141-169. — 49— Teaching innovation through multisectoral collectives… Hernández-Ascanio, J, Tirado-Valencia, P. & Arizamontes, A. (2016): "The concept of social innovation: ambits, definitions and theoretical scopes". CIRIEC-Spain, Journal of Public, Social and Cooperative Economics, 88, 165-199. Loenardis, O.(2004). The social enterprise. Social research. Argentina: Nueva Visión. Maldonado, C. (2005). Methodological guidelines for the analysis of Geneva . Ginebra: International Labour Office (ILO). Manzini, (2015). Design, when everybody designs: an introduction to design for social innovation. Cambridge, United States: The MIT Press. Martínez, T. (2021). Design as a source of social innovations. In C. Rojas & L.M Alarcón, Reflexiones. Design, development and social innovation. Research collection. Pereira, Colombia: Pedagogical and Technological University (UPTC). Moulaert, F., MacCallum, D., Mehmood, A., & Hamdouch, A. (2014). The international Handbook on Social Innovation: Collective Action, Social Learning and Transdisciplinary Reserch. UK-USA: Edward Elgar. Mulgan, G. & Leadbeater, C. (2006). Social Innovation: What it is, why it matters and how it can be accelerated. The Young Foundation. Raya D. & Caparrós N. (2016). Entrepreneurship, innovation and CSR in social work. Madrid: Grupo Cinco. Silva, S (2021). Collective construction of senses in formal and informal and relational spaces of research. In C. Rojas & L.M Alarcón, Reflexiones. Design, development and social innovation. Research collection. Pereira, Colombia: Pedagogical and Technological University (UPTC). Suescún, (2018). Latin American Social Innovation Network. LASIN. Co-funden by the Erasmus- Programme of the European Union. Sullivan, G. (2005). Art practice as research, Inquiry in the visual art. Pennsylvania: Sage Publications. Velásquez, L., Alvarado, S., & Barroeta, V. (2021). Participatory-action-research: methodological alternative for the study of communities. The vision of Orlando Fals Borda. Revista Scientific, 6(21), 314-335. — 50— View publication stats