AWS B2.1-8-024 2001

AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
An American National Standard
Standard Welding Procedure
Specification (WPS) for
Gas Tungsten Arc
Welding of Austenitic
Stainless Steel
(M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1),
1/16 through 1-1/2 inch
Thick, ER3XX,
As-Welded Condition,
Primarily Plate and
Structural Applications
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
An American National Standard
Key Words — Welding Procedure Specification,
base metal, allowable joint designs,
filler metal, austenitic stainless steel,
manual gas tungsten arc welding
Approved by
American National Standards Institute
October 31, 2001
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Austenitic
Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1),
1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick,
ER3XX, As-Welded Condition,
Primarily Plate and Structural Applications
Supersedes AWS B2.1-8-024:2000
Prepared by
AWS B2 Committee on Welding Qualification
Under the Direction of
AWS Technical Activities Committee
Approved by
AWS Board of Directors
Abstract
This standard contains the essential welding variables for austenitic stainless steel in the thickness range of 1/16 through
1-1/2 inch, using manual gas tungsten arc welding. It cites the base metals and operating conditions necessary to make
the weldment, the filler metal specifications, and the allowable joint designs for fillet and groove welds. This WPS was
developed primarily for plate and structural applications.
550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, Florida 33126
Statement on Use of AWS American National Standards
All standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the American
Welding Society are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of the American
National Standards Institute. When AWS standards are either incorporated in, or made part of, documents that are
included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmental bodies, their provisions carry
the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any changes in those AWS standards must be approved by the
governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws and regulations. In all
cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes the AWS standards.
Where this contractual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS standard must be by
agreement between the contracting parties.
International Standard Book Number: 0-87171-693-3
American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126
© 2002 by American Welding Society. All rights reserved
Printed in the United States of America
AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that brings
together volunteers representing varied viewpoints and interests to achieve consensus. While AWS administers the process
and establishes rules to promote fairness in the development of consensus, it does not independently test, evaluate, or
verify the accuracy of any information or the soundness of any judgments contained in its standards.
AWS disclaims liability for any injury to persons or to property, or other damages of any nature whatsoever, whether special, indirect, consequential or compensatory, directly or indirectly resulting from the publication, use of, or reliance on this
standard. AWS also makes no guaranty or warranty as to the accuracy or completeness of any information published herein.
In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is not undertaking to render professional or other services for or on
behalf of any person or entity. Nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someone
else. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek the advice
of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances.
This standard may be superseded by the issuance of new editions. Users should ensure that they have the latest edition.
Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement
of any patent resulting from the use or reliance on this standard.
Finally, AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.
On occasion, text, tables, or figures are printed incorrectly (errata). Such errata, when discovered, are shown on the
American Welding Society web page (www.aws.org) under “Technical” in the Departments column.
Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request, in
writing, to the Managing Director Technical Services, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL
33126 (see Annex A). With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered. However, such opinions represent only the personal opinions of the particular individuals giving
them. These individuals do not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations of AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpretation.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS B2 Committee on Welding Qualification. It must be reviewed
every five years and if not revised, it must be either reapproved or withdrawn. Comments (recommendations, additions, or
deletions) and any pertinent data that may be of use in improving this standard are required and should be addressed to
AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS B2 Committee on Welding Qualification and the author of the comments will be informed of the Committee’s response to the comments. Guests are invited to
attend all meetings of the AWS B2 Committee on Welding Qualification to express their comments verbally. Procedures
for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical
Activities Committee. A copy of these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune
Road, Miami, FL 33126.
ii
Personnel
AWS B2 Committee on Welding Qualification
J. J. Sekely, Chair
G. M. Wisbrock, Jr., 1st Vice Chair
J. J. Fluckiger, 2nd Vice Chair
P. B. Dickerson, 3rd Vice Chair
L. P. Connor, Secretary
T. J. Anderson
*W. L. Ballis
*H. B. Cary
J. L. Cooley
W. D. Doty
E. A. Gallagher
E. H. Gray, P.E.
M. Herrle
*J. E. Hinkel
*M. J. Houle
R. W. Jackson
A. W. Johnson
*N. K. Kanaya
R. A. LaFave, P.E.
*B. B. MacDonald
K. M. McTague
A. S. Olivares
*G. W. Oyler
S. Panezic
J. F. Pike
*B. J. Rampolla, P.E.
W. M. Ruof
*J. B. Shore
A. W. Sindel
C. E. Spaeder, Jr.
*W. J. Sperko, P.E.
*R. F. Waite, P.E.
R. K. Wiswesser
Eichleay Corp.
Lockheed Martin Missiles and Fire Control
Bechtel Babcock & Wilcox Idaho
Consultant
American Welding Society
Consultant
Consultant
Consultant
J. C. and Associates, Inc.
Doty and Associates
Non Destructive Testing Group
U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Region 1
ABS Group, Inc.
The Lincoln Electric Co.
Welding Engineering Services
Consultant
A. W. Johnson and Associates
BEAR Testing Laboratory
Elliott Co.
United Association
Factory Mutual
The Hartford Steam Boiler Inspection and Insurance Co.
Retired
Canadian Welding Bureau
NASA Langley Research Center
J. J. Mullens and Associates
Bechtel Plant Machinery, Inc.
Brooks Automation
Sindel and Associates
Aristech Chemical Corp.
Sperko Engineering Services
Consultant
Welder Training and Testing Institute
*Advisor
iii
Foreword
(This Foreword is not a part of AWS B2.1-8-024:2001, Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX,
As-Welded Condition, Primarily Plate and Structural Applications, but is included for information purposes only.)
The American Welding Society and the Welding Research Council have joined in a cooperative effort to generate
standard welding procedures for industry. The need for pretested welding procedures that are supported by adequate test
data and that satisfy the technical requirements for the commonly used construction codes and specifications has been
expressed by many individuals and organizations. The purpose of a welding procedure qualification is to provide test
data for assessing the properties of a weld joint.
This Welding Procedure Specification is an outgrowth of the coordinated work of the Welding Procedures Committee
of WRC and the Committee on Welding Qualification of the AWS. The Welding Procedures Committee has provided the
test data documented on a Summary of PQRs, which are available from the Welding Research Council.
The welding terms used in this specification shall be interpreted in accordance with the definitions given in the latest
edition of AWS A3.0, Standard Welding Terms and Definitions. Welding symbols shall be those shown in the latest edition of AWS A2.4, Standard Symbols for Welding, Brazing, and Nondestructive Examination.
The AWS B2 Committee on Welding Qualification was formed in 1979 to provide welding standards concerning the
subject of qualification. The primary document developed by this committee is AWS B2.1, Specification for Welding
Procedure and Performance Qualification. This document established the foundation and framework for Standard Welding
Procedure Specifications.
Comments and suggestions for the improvement of this standard are welcome. They should be sent to the Secretary,
AWS B2 Committee on Welding Qualification, American Welding Society, 550 N.W. LeJeune Road, Miami, FL 33126.
Official interpretations of any of the technical requirements of this standard may be obtained by sending a request, in
writing, to the Managing Director, Technical Services, American Welding Society. A formal reply will be issued after it
has been reviewed by the appropriate personnel following established procedures.
iv
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 1 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel
(M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX,
As-Welded Condition, Primarily Plate and Structural Applications
Welding Research Council1 —Supporting PQR Numbers:
001031, 001032, 003049, 007018, 007019, 103023, 103024, 200005, 200623,
200720, 200721, 200723, 500227, 500228, 500229, 500230, 500231, 500258,
500263, 500264, 500265, 500266, 084A, 085A, 089A, 090A, 091A
Requirements for Application
of Standard WPSs
Scope. The data to support this Standard Welding
Procedure Specification (WPS) have been derived
from the above listed Procedure Qualification
Records (PQRs) which were reviewed and validated
under the auspices of the Welding Research Council. This Standard WPS is not valid using conditions
and variables outside the ranges listed. The American Welding Society considers that this Standard
WPS presents information for producing an acceptable weld using the conditions and variables listed.
The user needs a significant knowledge of welding
and accepts full responsibility for the performance of
the weld and for providing the engineering capability, qualified personnel, and proper equipment to
implement this Standard WPS.
Application. This Standard WPS is to be used only
as permitted by the applicable fabrication document(s) [such as code, specification, or contract
document(s)]. The fabrication document(s) should
specify the engineering requirements such as design,
need for heat treatment, fabricating tolerances, quality
control, and examination and tests applicable to the
end product.
User’s Responsibility. A Standard WPS does not
replace or substitute for fabrication codes, specifica1. Welding Research Council, Three Park Avenue, 27th
Floor, New York, NY 10016-5902.
tions, contract requirements, or capability and judgment on the part of the user. A Standard WPS is to
be used only as permitted by the applicable fabrication code, specification, or contract document.
The ability to produce production welds having
properties suitable for the application depends upon
supplementing the Standard WPS with appropriate
performance qualification tests and sound engineering judgment. The user is responsible for the quality
and performance of the final product in accordance
with the provisions of the fabrication document(s).
Supplementary Instructions. To adapt this Standard WPS to a specific application, a user may
issue supplementary instructions. Such instructions
may consist of tighter fit-up tolerances, higher
minimum preheat temperature or any other instructions necessary to produce a weldment that meets
the requirements of the fabrication document(s).
These instructions shall not be less restrictive than
provided in the Standard WPS.
Safety. Safety precautions shall conform to the
latest edition of ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting,
and Allied Processes, published by the American
Welding Society.
This specification may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. The specification
does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user to establish appropriate safety and health
practices. The user should determine the applicability of any regulatory limitations prior to use.
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 2 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
LIMITATIONS
This procedure is not qualified for Notch Toughness or PWHT applications
WELDING PROCESSES
Welding Processes:
Method of Application:
GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding)
Manual
BASE METALS
Base Metal: 2
Thickness Range:
Diameter:
Austenitic Stainless Steel, M-8, P-8, or S-8, Group 1 to M-8, P-8, or S-8,
Group 1. See Table 1
1/16 in. through 1-1/2 in. for groove welds, 1/16 in. minimum for fillet welds
All diameters
FILLER METALS
Filler Metal Specification:2
AWS A5.9 or ASME SFA 5.9,
A Number 8, F Number 6
Classification:
ER3XX is specified in Table 1
Deposit Thickness Range:
1-1/2 in. maximum plus reinforcement for groove welds,
1/16 in. through 1-1/2 in. fillet weld size for fillet welds
Consumable Insert:
Not permitted
Penetration Enhancing Flux: Not permitted
JOINT DESIGNS
Joint Designs:
Backing:
Backing Material: 2
See Figure 1
When required by Figure 1
Austenitic Stainless Steel, M-8, P-8, or S-8, Group 1, 2, or 3 or weld metal of
similar analysis. Nonmetallic or nonfusing metal retainers are not permitted
POSITIONS
Permitted Positions:
Vertical Progression:
All
Uphill
PREHEAT AND INTERPASS TEMPERATURES
Preheat Temperature:
Interpass Temperature:
Preheat Maintenance:
50°F Minimum
50°F Minimum, 350°F Maximum
Continuous or special heating not required
2. M, P, and S numbers for base metal and F and A numbers for filler metal and weld metal respectively, are as detailed in
AWS B2.1 or ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 3 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
GAS
Shielding Gas:
Flow Rate:
Trailing Shield:
Backing/Root Shielding Gas:
Flow Rate:
Shielding Gas Nozzle Size:
Welding Grade Argon or AWS A5.32 Class SG-A
10 to 25 ft3/h
Not required
Welding Grade Argon or AWS A5.32 Class SG-A. Gas shall remain in place
until the joint is completed for at least 3/16 in. of weld metal has been
deposited. When introducing gas to initiate the purge, it is necessary to have
at least a 6 volume change of atmosphere within the purge zone prior to
welding. As an alternative, the oxygen content of the purge zone shall be 2%
or less, as measured with an Oxygen Analyzer, prior to welding. It is not
necessary to shield the root of fillet welds or groove welds with backing or
backgouging.
A typical flow rate of 5 to 15 ft3/h may be varied depending on component
configuration
1/4 to 3/4 in. I.D.
POSTWELD HEAT TREATMENT
Postweld Heat Treatment:
None (Not qualified for PWHT applications)
TUNGSTEN ELECTRODES
Specification:
Classification:
Size:
AWS A5.12, or ASME SFA 5.12
EWTh-2, EWCe-2, or EWLa-1.5
1/16 through 1/8 in. diameter sharpened to a point
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
Filler Metal
Current
Dia. in.
Amperes1
1/16
3/32
1/8
20–100
70–120
90–140
Polarity
DCEN (Straight)
DCEN (Straight)
DCEN (Straight)
1. Values not to exceed capacity of Tungsten Electrodes.
Pulsing Current:
Not permitted
TECHNIQUE
Weave or Stringer Bead:
Peening:
Initial Cleaning:
Interpass Cleaning:
Backgouging:
Single or Multiple Passes:
Maximum Bead Thickness:
Either
Not required; if used, proceed as directed by the Fabrication Document(s)
Chemical or mechanical; joint shall be dry prior to welding
Mechanical only
Mechanical or thermal when required by Figure 1
Either
1/4 in.
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 4 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
Table 1
Base Metal and Corresponding Filler Metal Classifications1
Base Metal Grade or Type
302, 304, CF8, CF8A
304L, CF3, CF3A
304H, CF10
304N
304LN
316, CF8M
316L, CF3M, CF3MA
316H, CF10M
316Ti
316Cb
316N
316LN
317
317L
321
347, CF8C
347H
348
Corresponding Classification
ER308, ER308L, ER309, ER309L
ER308L, ER309L
ER308H, ER19-10H
ER308H, ER19-10H
ER308L
ER316, ER316L, ER16-8-2
ER316L
ER316H
ER316
ER316
ER308H, ER309, ER19-10H, ER317
ER316, ER317L
ER317, ER317L
ER317L, ER321, ER347
ER321, ER347
ER347
ER347
ER347
NOTES:
a. The specific filler metal classification from the table above or any other filler metal classification conforming to an
A-8 analysis may be used when specified by the fabrication document(s).
b. When two different base metal grades or types listed above are being joined, a filler metal classification permitted
for either base metal grade or type may be used.
1. Table 1 is based on room temperature strength and may not ensure high temperature or corrosion-resistant
properties.
COMPANY NAME
In the name of the Company stated above, I accept full responsibility for the application of this Standard WPS
for use with:
Dated
Fabrication Document(s): such as Code, Specification or Contract Document
DATE
APPROVED BY
TITLE
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 5 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
FILLET WELDS: All Joints
GROOVE WELDS: See Joints 1 through 17. Joints having prequalified joint details permitted by
the latest edition of AWS D1.6, Structural Welding Code — Stainless Steel, are also permitted.
For tubular products, see Joints 1, 2, 6 and 7. In addition, joints having groove designs resulting
from end preparations conforming with the latest edition of ASME B16.25, Butt Welding Ends, are
also allowable for application with this WPS.
a
OPTIONAL
f
R
WITHOUT BACKING
a = 60° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16 -1/16
f = 1/16 in. MAX.
WITH BACKING
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/4 in., +1/4 -1/16
f = R/2
JOINT 1
a
R
f
OPTIONAL
WITHOUT BACKING
a = 60° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16 -1/16
f = 1/16 in. MAX.
WITH BACKING
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/4 in., +1/4 -1/16
f = R/2
JOINT 2
Figure 1—Allowable Joint Designs
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 6 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
a
BACKGOUGE &
BACK WELD
f
R
a = 60° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
JOINT 3
a
BACKGOUGE &
BACK WELD
f
R
a = 60° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
JOINT 4
Figure 1 (Continued) —Allowable Joint Designs
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 7 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
BACKGOUGE
& BACK WELD
a
S1
f
R
S2
b
a AND b = 60° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
S1 = NOT LIMITED
S2 = NOT LIMITED
JOINT 5
f
OPTIONAL
a
R
WITH BACKING
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/4 in., +1/4 -1/16
f = R/2
WITHOUT BACKING
a = 60° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16 -1/16
f = 1/16 in. MAX.
JOINT 6
Figure 1 (Continued) —Allowable Joint Designs
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 8 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
a
a
f
f
OPTIONAL
OPTIONAL
R
R
WITHOUT BACKING
a = 60° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16 -1/16
f = 1/16 in. MAX.
WITH BACKING
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/4 in., +1/4 -1/16
f = R/2
JOINT 7
f
a
R
BACKGOUGE
& BACK WELD
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
JOINT 8
Figure 1 (Continued) —Allowable Joint Designs
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 9 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
a
a
BACKGOUGE
& BACK WELD
BACKGOUGE
& BACK WELD
f
f
R
R
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
JOINT 9
f
S2
S1
BACKGOUGE
a
a
R
b
a = 45° MIN.
b = 15° MAX.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/16
f = NOT LIMITED
S1 = NOT LIMITED
S2 = NOT LIMITED
JOINT 10
Figure 1 (Continued) —Allowable Joint Designs
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 10 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
BACKGOUGE
a
BACKGOUGE
a
S2
S2
f
f
S1
S1
R
a
a
R
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
S1 = NOT LIMITED
S2 = NOT LIMITED
JOINT 11
BACKGOUGE
& BACK WELD
r
a
BACKGOUGE
& BACK WELD
r
a
f
f
R
R
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
r = 1/4 in., +1/8-0
JOINT 12
Figure 1 (Continued) —Allowable Joint Designs
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 11 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
BACKGOUGE
a
r
S2
f
f
R
a
S1
r
a
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
r = 1/4 in., +1/16-1/16
S1 = NOT LIMITED
S2 = NOT LIMITED
R
BACKGOUGE
& BACK WELD
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
r = 3/8 in., +1/16-1/16
JOINT 13
JOINT 14
a
a
BACKGOUGE
& BACK WELD
BACKGOUGE
& BACK WELD
r
r
f
f
R
R
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
f = NOT LIMITED
r = 3/8 in., +1/16-1/16
JOINT 15
Figure 1 (Continued) —Allowable Joint Designs
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 12 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
Metric Conversions
in.
mm
°F
°C
ft3/h
L/Min
1/16
5/64
1/8
3/16
1/4
1/2
3/4
1-1/2
1.6
2.0
3.2
4.8
6.4
13
19
38
50
350
10
180
5
10
15
30
2.5
5.0
7.5
15
f
S2
S1
a
a
r
BACKGOUGE
R
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
r = 3/8 in., +1/16-1/16
f = NOT LIMITED
S1 AND S2 = NOT LIMITED
JOINT 16
BACKGOUGE
BACKGOUGE
a
a
S1
S1
r
r
f
f
S2
S2
R
R
a
a
a = 45° MIN.
R = 1/8 in., +1/16-1/8
r = 3/8 in., +1/16-1/16
f = NOT LIMITED
S1 = NOT LIMITED
S2 = NOT LIMITED
JOINT 17
Figure 1 (Continued) —Allowable Joint Designs
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 13 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
Annex A
Guidelines for Preparation of Technical Inquiries
for AWS Technical Committees
(This Annex is not a part of AWS B2.1-8-024:2001, Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX,
As-Welded Condition, Primarily Plate and Structural Applications, but is included for information purposes only.)
A1. Introduction
The AWS Board of Directors has adopted a policy
whereby all official interpretations of AWS standards
will be handled in a formal manner. Under that policy, all
interpretations are made by the committee that is responsible for the standard. Official communication concerning an interpretation is through the AWS staff member
who works with that committee. The policy requires that
all requests for an interpretation be submitted in writing.
Such requests will be handled as expeditiously as possible, but due to the complexity of the work and the procedures that must be followed, some interpretations may
require considerable time.
A2. Procedure
All inquiries must be directed to:
Managing Director, Technical Services
American Welding Society
550 N.W. LeJeune Road
Miami, FL 33126
All inquiries must contain the name, address, and affiliation of the inquirer, and they must provide enough information for the committee to fully understand the point
of concern in the inquiry. Where that point is not clearly
defined, the inquiry will be returned for clarification. For
efficient handling, all inquiries should be typewritten and
should also be in the format used here.
A2.1 Scope. Each inquiry must address one single provision of the standard, unless the point of the inquiry
involves two or more interrelated provisions. That provision must be identified in the scope of the inquiry, along
with the edition of the standard that contains the provisions or that the inquirer is addressing.
A2.2 Purpose of the Inquiry. The purpose of the inquiry
must be stated in this portion of the inquiry. The purpose
can be either to obtain an interpretation of a standard requirement, or to request the revision of a particular provision in the standard.
A2.3 Content of the Inquiry. The inquiry should be
concise, yet complete, to enable the committee to quickly
and fully understand the point of the inquiry. Sketches
should be used when appropriate and all paragraphs, figures, and tables (or the Annex), which bear on the inquiry must be cited. If the point of the inquiry is to obtain
a revision of the standard, the inquiry must provide technical justification for that revision.
A2.4 Proposed Reply. The inquirer should, as a proposed reply, state an interpretation of the provision that is
the point of the inquiry, or the wording for a proposed
revision, if that is what inquirer seeks.
A3. Interpretation of Provisions of the
Standard
Interpretations of provisions of the standard are made
by the relevant AWS Technical Committee. The secretary
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 14 of 18
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS)
of the committee refers all inquiries to the chairman of
the particular subcommittee that has jurisdiction over the
portion of the standard addressed by the inquiry. The
subcommittee reviews the inquiry and the proposed reply
to determine what the response to the inquiry should be.
Following the subcommittee’s development of the response, the inquiry and the response are presented to the
entire committee for review and approval. Upon approval
by the committee, the interpretation will be an official interpretation of the Society, and the secretary will transmit
the response to the inquirer and to the Welding Journal
for publication.
A4. Publication of Interpretations
All official interpretations will appear in the Welding
Journal.
A5. Telephone Inquiries
Telephone inquiries to AWS Headquarters concerning
AWS standards should be limited to questions of a gen-
eral nature or to matters directly related to the use of the
standard. The Board of Directors’ policy requires that all
AWS staff members respond to a telephone request for
an official interpretation of any AWS standard with the
information that such an interpretation can be obtained
only through a written request. The Headquarters staff
can not provide consulting services. The staff can, however, refer a caller to any of those consultants whose
names are on file at AWS Headquarters.
A6. The AWS Technical Committee
The activities of AWS Technical Committees in regard
to interpretations, are limited strictly to the interpretation
of provisions of standards prepared by the committee or
to consideration of revisions to existing provisions on the
basis of new data or technology. Neither the committee
nor the staff is in a position to offer interpretive or consulting services on: (1) specific engineering problems, or
(2) requirements of standards applied to fabrications outside the scope of the document or points not specifically
covered by the standard. In such cases, the inquirer should
seek assistance from a competent engineer experienced in
the particular field of interest.
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 15 of 18
AWS Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification Documents
AWS Designation
Title
B2.1:1998
Specification for Welding Procedure and Performance Qualification
B2.1-001-90
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1, Group 1 or 2), 3/16 through 7/8 inch in the As-Welded Condition, with or
without Backing
B2.1-002-90
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1, Group 1 or 2), 3/16 through 7/8 inch in the As-Welded Condition, with or
without Backing
B2.1-1-003:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Metal Arc Welding of Galvanized
Steel, 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing
B2.1-1-004:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1, Group 1), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without
Backing
B2.1-8-005:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic
Stainless Steel (M-8 or P-8), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without
Backing
B2.1-1/8-006:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-1 to M-8 or P-8), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded
Condition, with or without Backing
B2.1-1-007:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Galvanized
Steel, 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition with or without Backing
B2.1-1-008:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1, Group 1), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without
Backing
B2.1-8-009:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Austenitic
Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without
Backing
B2.1-1/8-010:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-1 to M-8 or P-8), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded
Condition, with or without Backing
B2.1-1-011:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Galvanized
Steel, 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing
B2.1-1-012:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel, (M-1, Group 1), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without
Backing
B2.1-8-013:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic
Stainless Steel (M-8 or P-8), through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without
Backing
B2.1-1/8-014:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-1 to M-8 or P-8), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded
Condition, with or without Backing
B2.1-22-015:2002
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Aluminum
(M-22 or P-22), 10 through 18 Gauge, in the As-Welded Condition, with or without Backing
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 16 of 18
AWS Designation
Title
B2.1-1-016-94
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E7018, As-Welded or
PWHT Condition
B2.1-1-017-94
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010, As-Welded or PWHT
Condition
B2.1-1-018-94
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Self-Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding
of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E71T-8,
As-Welded Condition
B2.1-1-019-94
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for CO2 Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding
of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E70T-1 and
E71T-1, As-Welded Condition
B2.1-1-020-94
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for 75% Ar/25% CO2 Shielded Flux Cored
Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick,
E70T-1 and E71T-1, As-Welded or PWHT Condition
B2.1-1-021-94
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed
by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through
1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-2 and E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition
B2.1-1-022-94
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Uphill)
followed by E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition
B2.1-8-023-94
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of
Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, As-Welded
Condition
B2.1-8-024:2001
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of
Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX,
As-Welded Condition, Primarily Plate and Structural Applications
B2.1-8-025:2001
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed by
Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through
1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX and E3XX-XX, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Plate and Structural
Applications
B2.1-1-026-94
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2). 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Downhill)
followed by E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition
B2.1-1-027:1998
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Self-Shielded Flux Cored Arc Welding
of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1/2 inch Thick, E71T-11,
As-Welded Condition
B2.1-1-201-96
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 3/4 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Uphill)
followed by E7018 (Vertical Uphill), As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-1-202-96
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 3/4 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Downhill)
followed by E7018 (Vertical Uphill), As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-1-203-96
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 3/4 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Uphill),
As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 17 of 18
AWS Designation
Title
B2.1-1-204-96
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 3/4 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Downhill
Root with the Balance Vertical Uphill), As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-1-205-96
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Uphill)
followed by E7018 (Vertical Uphill), As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-1-206-96
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E6010 (Vertical Downhill)
followed by E7018 (Vertical Uphill), As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe
Applications
B2.1-1-207-96
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-2, As-Welded or
PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-1-208-96
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon
Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E7018, As-Welded or
PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-1-209-96
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed
by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through
1-1/2 inch Thick, ER70S-2 and E7018, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe
Applications
B2.1-1-210:2001
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with
Consumable Insert Root of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch
Thick, INMs-1 and ER70S-2, As-Welded or PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-1-211:2001
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with
Consumable Insert Root followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel (M-1/P-1/S-1,
Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, INMs-1, ER70S-2, and E7018, As-Welded
Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-8-212:2001
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of
Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/16 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX,
As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-8-213-97
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of
Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, E3XX-XX,
As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-8-214:2001
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed by
Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through
1-1/2 inch Thick, ER3XX and E3XX-XX, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-8-215:2001
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with
Consumable Insert Root of Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2
inch Thick, IN3XX and ER3XX, As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-8-216:2001
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding with
Consumable Insert Root followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Austenitic Stainless
Steel (M-8/P-8/S-8, Group 1), 1/8 through 1-1/2 inch Thick, IN3XX, ER3XX, and E3XX-XX,
As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-4-217:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of ChromiumMolybdenum Steel (M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), ER80S-B2, 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded
Condition, 1/8 through 3/4 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
AWS B2.1-8-024:2001
Page 18 of 18
AWS Designation
Title
B2.1-4-218:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of
Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), E8018-B2, 1/8 through 1/2 in.
Thick, As-Welded Condition, 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe
Applications
B2.1-4-219:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed by
Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), 1/8
through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition, 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition,
ER80S-B2 and E8018-B2, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-4-220:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Consumable
Insert Root) of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), E8018-B2, 1/8
through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition, 1/8 through 3/4 in. Thick, PWHT Condition,
IN515 and ER80S-B2, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-4-221:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Consumable
Insert Root) followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel
(M-4/P-4, Group 1 or 2), 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition, 1/8 through 1-1/2 in.
Thick, PWHT Condition, IN515, ER80S-B2, and E8018-B2, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-5A-222:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding of ChromiumMolybdenum Steel (M-5A/P-5A), ER90S-B3, 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition,
1/8 through 3/4 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-5A-223:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Shielded Metal Arc Welding of
Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-5A/P-5A), E9018-B3, 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded
Condition, 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-5A-224:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding followed by
Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-5A/P-5A), 1/8 through 1/2 in.
Thick, As-Welded Condition, 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, ER90S-B3 and
E9018-B3, Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-5A-225:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Consumable
Insert Root) of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel (M-5A/P-5A), 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, AsWelded Condition, 1/8 through 3/4 in. Thick, PWHT Condition, IN521 and ER90S-B3,
Primarily Pipe Applications
B2.1-5A-226:1999
Standard Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Consumable
Insert Root) followed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Chromium-Molybdenum Steel
(M-5A/P-5A), 1/8 through 1/2 in. Thick, As-Welded Condition, 1/8 through 1-1/2 in. Thick,
PWHT Condition, IN521, ER90S-B3, and E9018-B3, Primarily Pipe Applications
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