IES Alfonso X el Sabio, Marta López Erades ING- GERUNDIOS 1. Al comienzo de la frase cuando tienen la función de sujeto: Fumar mata, Bostezar es de mala educación… 2. Detrás de todas las preposiciones y de algunas expresiones como: Can’t help look forward to Can’t stand, get used to /be used to can’t resist feel like it’s not use to/ there is no point in to burst out crying / laughing to go swimming / shopping/cycling/running/jogging to spend / waste time / money doing something 3. Detrás de algunos verbos como los siguientes (hay muchos, mirar una lista más completa) fancy delay Imagine Keep on Risk Escape Admit Avoid Finish appreciate deny enjoy imagine mind miss postpone practise give up ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SUGGEST: -ING: EL Sujeto está incluido en la sugerencia. -that +(una frase con should) la sugerencia/consejo no incluye al sujeto. Marta suggested going to the canteen for a coffee (Marta also went for the coffee) Marta suggested that we should study more.(it is an advice) __________________________________________________________________________ VERBOS QUE VAN CON INFINITIVO SIN TO Hay ciertos verbos que van seguidos de un infinitivo pero SIN TO delante: a) los modales : I can play , You might win the contest… b) Let, Make seguidos de un objeto: Let’s go to the park. Let me help you. The teacher made me copy the word 100 times. c) see, hear, feel seguidos de un objeto. I heard her say that she was fed up. Did you feel the earth move? When these verbs are used in the passive, they are followed by the to-infinitive. He was made to pay back the money. / She was heard to say that she disagreed IES Alfonso X el Sabio, Marta López Erades VERBOS QUE VAN CON TO INFINITIVE Agree Afford Choose plan manage want pretend Attempt decide Offer hope fail help appear Arrange deserve Refuse learn promise expect ask Algunos verbos van seguidos de un OBJETO más el INFINITIVO Tell (me) to Remind (her) to Force (them) to Teach Order (him) to Warn(me) to invite Allow DETRÁS DE ADJETIVOS/ADVERBIOS Y PARA INDICAR EL PROPÓSITO I’m happy to see you. It is essential to study for the test. That’s sad to know. It is very difficult (for me) to pass. VERBOS QUE PUEDEN IR CON INFITIVO O GERUNDIO (depende de si tienen complemento directo) Advise, recommend, encourage, allow, permit, forbid: sin complemento –> ING con complemento –> TO INFINITIVE * He recommends doing exercises every day. * He recommends me to do more exercises. Like, dislike, love, hate, prefer van con ING menos cuando van precedidos de WOULD. REMEMBER/FORGET Hechos en el pasado –> ING I still remember BUYING my first bicycle Cosas que la gente tiene o debería hacer –> to infinitive Remember to buy the bicycle REGRET ING–> Lo has hecho y ahora te arrepientes. I regret talking to him like that. TO INFINITIVE –> sentimos lo que vamos a decir despues. I regret to inform you..... STOP ing –>dejar, para siempre To infinitive--> parar para hacer algo I have stopped smoking. I have stopped to have a cup of tea TRY Ing: experimentos, probamos hacienda algo para ver que pasa. To infinitive: nos esformzamos para conseguir algo difícil. DETRÁS DE START, BEGIN, CEASE AND CONTINUE puede seguir infinitivo o gerundio sin diferencia de significado. IES Alfonso X el Sabio, Marta López Erades 1. EXERCISES He made an effort to speak in English. He tried …. 2. She gave up going to French lessons. She stopped 3. Why don’t you call me tomorrow? He said. He suggested… 4. “Let’s go to the cinema on Tuesday,” said Mary. Mary suggested... 5. He forgot to phone his wife yesterday. He didn’t remember … 6. I was not invited and 1 am sorry about that. I would like to 7. Learning English is not easy.It is . . . . . . . 8. Jane hasn’t eaten junk food since last May. Jane stopped 9. Why don’t we have dinner out tonight? Said Martin. Martin suggested 10. I forgot to post the letter. I did not remember 11. Why don’t we play computer games? Michael suggested 12. Will you post this letter for me please? Do you mind… 13. I forgot to phone Lisa on her Birthday. I did not remember … 14. Steve advised me to tell Paul about it. Steve suggested 15. Beth hasn’t smoked since last December. Beth stopped 16. I have been playing the piano for twenty years. I started 17. Will you close the door when you leave, please? Do you mind 18. I’m going to the theatre tomorrow, and I’m really looking forward to it. I’m really looking. 19. It would be quite pleasant to go to the concert. I wouldn’t mind... 20. He complained over and over again. He kept on... 21. He told them that he was guilty. He admitted 22. Let’s have the car here. What about ... 23. He told us he was sorry that he was late. He apologize 24. Peter likes squash. Peter.enjoys...................................................... 25. “Let´s go to a vegetarian restaurant,” she said.She suggested........................................ IES Alfonso X el Sabio, Marta López Erades