ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻮﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﺤﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ________________________________________________________________________________ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﺎﺫﺓ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺴﻤﻠﺔ ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ :ﺃﻭﺟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻷﻧﻔﺎﻝ ﻭﺑﺮﺍﺀﺓ ________________________________________________________________________________ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ : ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ : ﺍﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻦ ﺍﻹﺧﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻹﻗﻼﺏ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ )ﺃﻭﻻً( ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ : . : : ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻪ ( )ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ – – – –– –– –– ﺍﳍﻤﺰﺓ ﺍﳍﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻌﲔ ﺍﳊﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻐﲔ ﺍﳋﺎﺀ ________________________________________________________________________________ )ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎً( ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ : : : ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻪ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ :ﺃﻗﺴﺎﻡ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ : ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺓ : ﺃﻭﻻ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺑﻐﻨﺔ – ﺍﻟﻴﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺍﻭ :ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ .{}،{}،{}،{} {}: {ﻭﻓﻰ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ} :ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ً : ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺑﻐﲑ ﻏﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﺍﻟﺮﺍﺀ _______________________________________________________________________________ )ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎً( ﺍﻹﻗﻼﺏ : : :ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻪ :ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﻗﻼﺏ – ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺀ _______________________________________________________________________________ )ﺭﺍﺑﻌﺎً( ﺍﻹﺧﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﳊﻘﻴﻘﻲ : ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻪ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﺧﻔﺎﺀ {} – ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩ – ﺍﻟﺬﺍﻝ – ﺍﻟﺜﺎﺀ – ﺍﻟﻜﺎﻑ – ﺍﳉﻴﻢ – ﺍﻟﺸﲔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻑ – ﺍﻟﺴﲔ – ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻝ – ﺍﻟﻄﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻱ – ﺍﻟﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺘﺎﺀ – ﺍﻟﻀﺎﺩ – ﺍﻟﻈﺎﺀ ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ : ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﻛﻨﺔ ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ ﺍﻹﺧﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ )ﺃﻭﻻً( ﺍﻹﺧﻔﺎﺀ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﺧﻔﺎﺀ –– )ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎً( ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﺩﻏﺎﻡ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ )ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎً( ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ []ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺍﻹﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺸﻔﻮﻱ – –– ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ________________________________________________________________________________ () ﺣﺮﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﻨﺔ ﺍﳌﺸﺪﺩﻳﻦ – ﺍﻟﻨﻮﻥ ﺍﳌﻴﻢ ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﻫﻤﺰﺗﻲ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺻﻞ (–) :ﳘﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻊ :ﳘﺰﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺻﻞ () ﺎ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﺔ (ﻳﺒﺪﺃ١) (–) ﺎ ﻣﻀﻤﻮﻣﺔ ( ﻳﺒﺪﺃ٢) ﺎ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ ( ﻳﺒﺪﺃ٣) (–) ( – ) ﺍ ________________________________________________________________________________ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻻﺳﻢ ﻻﻡ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ ( ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ) ﻻﻡ ﺃﻝ (( ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ )ﻻﻡ ﺃﻝ١) : () () : ( ﻻﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﻌﻞ٢) () () ( –) : ( ﻻﻡ ﺍﳊﺮﻑ٣) () () () (–) : ( ﻻﻡ ﺍﻹﺳﻢ٤) : ( ﻻﻡ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ٥) ( ) () ﺃﺣﻜﺎﻡ ﺍﳌﺪﻭﺩ : : : ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻪ: ﺍﳌﺪ :ﺳﺒﺐ ﺍﳌﺪ ﺃﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺍﳌﺪﻭﺩ ﺇﺑﺪﺍﻝ ﲤﻜﲔ ﻻﺯﻡ ﻟﲔ ﺣﺮﰲ ﳐﻔﻒ ﺣﺮﰲ ﻣﺜﻘﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﻰ ﳐﻔﻒ ﻛﻠﻤﻰ ﻣﺜﻘﻞ ﻋﺎﺭﺽ ﻟﻠﺴﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﱪﻯ ﺻﻠﺔ ﻋﻮﺽ ﺻﻐﺮﻯ ﺑﺪﻝ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ( ﺍﳌﺪ ﺍﻟﻄﺒﻴﻌﻲ١) ________________________________________________________________________________ ( ﺍﳌﺪ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻋﻲ٢) : ()ﺃ () : ()ﺏ ( ) () : ( ﻣﺪ ﺍﻟﺒﺪﻝ٣) ( ﻣﺪ ﺍﻟﺼﻠﺔ٤) : ()ﺃ ( –) : ()ﺏ (–) () ( ) ________________________________________________________________________________ : ( ﺍﳌﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺭﺽ ﻟﻠﺴﻜﻮﻥ٥) ( –) ( ﺍﳌﺪ ﺍﻟﻼﺯﻡ٦) () : ()ﺃ : ()ﺏ () ( ) : ()ﺟـ () ()ﺩ () ( ﻣﺪ ﺍﻹﺑﺪﺍﻝ٧) ( –) ________________________________________________________________________________ : ( ﻣﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻮﺽ٨) (–) : ( ﺍﳌﺪ ﺍﻟﻠﲔ٩) (–) ( –) ( ﻣﺪ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﻜﲔ١٠) () () ________________________________________________________________________________ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺨﻴﻢ ﻭﺍﻟﱰﻗﻴﻖ : . : ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺨﻴﻢ () ( ) () () () .: :ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ ﻭﺍﻟﻼﻡ ﰲ ﻟﻔﻆ ﺍﳉﻼﻟﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﺮﺍ () () : :ﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻷﻟﻒ () (): : ﻭﺃﻣﺎﻻﻡﻟﻔﻆﺍﳉﻼﻟﺔ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﻭﺃﻣﺎ ﺍﻟﺮﺍ ﻓﻠﻬﺎ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺗﻔﺨﻴﻢ ﻭﺗﺮﻗﻴﻖ ﺣﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺨﻴﻢ () : ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ (–) : ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ () : ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ (–) : ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ () : ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ () :ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ () : ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ () () : ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ () ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ ( -) : ﻣﺜﺎﳍﺎ () () __________________________________________________________________________________ ﳐﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﳊﺮﻭﻑ ________________________________________________________________________________ ﺍﻟﻠﲔ ﺍﻻﳓﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺸﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﻹﺻﻤﺎﺕ ﻭﺿﺪﻩ ﺍﻹﺯﻻﻕ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﻭﺿﺪﻩ ﺍﻹﻃﺒﺎﻕ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﻝ ﻭﺿﺪﻩ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻼﺀ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﺎﻭﺓ ﻭﺿﺪﻩ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﻭﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﳍﻤﺲ ﻭﺿﺪﻩ ﺍﳉﻬﺮ ﺍﳍﻤﺲ ﺍﳉﻬﺮ ﺍﻟﺸﺪﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﺮﺧﺎﻭﺓ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻌﻼﺀ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻔﺎﻝ ﺍﻹﻃﺒﺎﻕ ﺍﻻﻧﻔﺘﺎﺡ ﺍﻹﺯﻻﻕ ﺍﻹﺻﻤﺎﺕ ________________________________________________________________________________ ﺍﻟﺼﻔﲑ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻘﻠﺔ ﺍﻟﻠﲔ ﺍﻻﳓﺮﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺸﻲ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻄﺎﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﺘﺒﺎﻋﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﺠﺎﻧﺴﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﲔ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﳌﺘﺒﺎﻋﺪﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﺠﺎﻧﺴﲔ ﺍﳌﺘﻤﺎﺛﻠﲔ ﺍﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﺍﳌﻄﻠﻖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ ﺃﺑﺮﺯﺍﳌﺮﺍﺟﻊﺍﻟﱵﰎﺍﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ