TEACHING LANGUAGE SKILLS CREDITS INTRODUCTION Skills Receptive Listening Reading Productive Speaking Writing INDEX INDEX OF FIGURES BIBLIOGRAPHY UNIT I: STRATEGIES AND TECHNIQUES IN LISTENING SKILL 1.1. Listening Process 1.1.1. Receiving 1.1.2. Understanding 1.1.3. Evaluating 1.1.4. Responding 1.1.5. Bottom-up vs. top down processing: 1.1.6. Bottom up processing: 1.1.7. Top-down processing: Check comprehension Expose students to different types of processing information Teach a variety of tasks Principles of Listening skill Expose students to different types of listening Consider text, difficulty, and authenticity Develop listening strategies 4. PreListening WhileListening PostListening 7.2. Teamwork is great for ESL learning for the following reasons: Students feel It can be used to more comfortable simulate random when they work social interactions. with their friends. It takes pressure off of shy or selfconscious students. The Flyswatter ESL Listening Game: Write a bunch of works on the board related to whatever vocabulary set or grammar point you’re teaching. Then, there are a number of things you can do, depending on the level:Say the word and students have to find it Etc. Doctorless ELL Listening Activity The students have to take notes and then attempt to recreate what they heard with their partner. Read it out again and students do the same thing. In the end, they compare what they have with the original Dictation Practice Find, or write a passage to read out loud to the students. They have to listen and write down what they hear. This activity helps students with:punctuati on,capitalizati on,listening skills,writing skills,spelling,g rammar,vocab ulary Does it Match? Write down a sentence on the whiteboard or on a PowerPoint slide. Then, read a sentence out loud and students have to decide if it’s the same thing they just read. If it’s not the same, they have to say what is different. Reported Speech ESL Activities and Games Students have to listen to what someone says and then report this information to another person. There are lots of activities to consider trying out. Reinforces Learning After going through vocabulary words and reading comprehension exercises, it’s important to do an English listening activity to reinforce what information the brain is trying to process. SPEAKING Builds Confidence in Understanding SUCCESS Students should be able to understand many of the words and the general concept of the material that they are listening to, but there should still be words that are new to them in the audio. Improves Natural Pronunciation Listening to native English speakers helps ESL students improve their enunciation, pronunciation and natural flow of words. 1.Watch Clips from Movies and TV Shows • Here’s another English listening activity using one of these clips: Show a list of names of the main characters that are in the clip you’re going to watch. Have all of the students pick one character to pay a special amount of attention to. At the end of the movie or video clip, have students fill out a questionnaire or do a miniature report on their chosen character. Use Authentic Content • One of the challenges of using movies and TV shows with students is that it’s authentic content, and that it can be too difficult for English learners. Encourage Students to Watch the News at Home for Fun, In-class Activities Use Music: Write Songs and Sing in Class • Assigning students homework that involves watching the news in English is beneficial in more ways than one. Not only does it give students another medium of listening to English, but it also gives them something to talk about with other English speakers. This will help students engage in the culture, which is so vital to the English language learning process. • Listening to music in the classroom helps with vocabulary memorization and word pronunciation. It also helps students to get a deeper grasp of word meanings and is a great way to explain rhyming words. Here’s a twist on your classic fill-in-the-blanks listening activity: Give students song lyric sheets with some of the lyrics missing. Listen to the song a couple of times, and instruct the students to fill in the blanks. Read Aloud in Class: Partner Gap-fill Activity • Reading in front of the class can encourage students to feel confident about reading, speaking and listening to English. This is often practiced with popcorn reading, where students pop in and out, taking turns reading in a random order. Another way to give students fantastic listening practice while reading aloud is a partner gap-fill activity. Have students sit in pairs, and then give each partner their own copy of the text sample, either A or B (A pair is comprised of one A and one B). Use Authentic Content • Come up with scenarios for students to act out in front of the classroom. For example, if the lesson for that day is on “Introductions,” consider the following brief script:Come up with scenarios for students to act out in front of the classroom. • For example, if the lesson for that day is on “Introductions,” consider the following brief script: • Student 1: “Hello, my name is Jacob” • Student 2: “Nice to meet you, I am Mary.” Encourage Students to Watch the News at Home for Fun, In-class Activities Embed Questions into TED Talks or YouTube Videos • Assigning students homework that involves watching the news in English is beneficial in more ways than one. Not only does it give students another medium of listening to English, but it also gives them something to talk about with other English speakers. This will help students engage in the culture, which is so vital to the English language learning process. • Podcasts like TED Talks are a great resource for advanced listening exercises in the classroom, but how can we spice it up a notch? • Browse through public TED-Ed lessons or follow these step-by-step instructions to make one of your own! These can be used in front of the class in a big group, or for individual practice in a computer lab. • For lower level and intermediate students, you can turn a YouTube video into an interactive quiz with blubbr. Advertised as a platform to “play and create video trivia with friends,” blubbr can just as easily be used as a fantastic ESL listening tool. • If your students are ready for more content-filled material, use TEDEd to create a listening activity/lesson around a TED Talk. TED-Ed allows you to embed questions (multiple choice, open-ended and discussion) into the TED Talk of your choice. INDEX OF FIGURES Image 1 IListening skill____________________________________________________________________ 3 Image 2 Bottom-up vs. top down processing __________________________________________________ 6 Image 3 Bottom up processing _____________________________________________________________ 6 Image 4 Top-down processing ______________________________________________________________ 6 Image 5 Types of Listening ________________________________________________________________ 9 Image 6 Components of listening comprehension skills _________________________________________ 12 Image 7 Stages of listening activity _________________________________________________________ 13 Image 8 Pre-Listening ___________________________________________________________________ 13 Image 9 While-Listening _________________________________________________________________ 14 Image 10 Strategies and techniques to Teach Listening _________________________________________ 17 Image 11 Young Learners ________________________________________________________________ 17 Image 12 Teenagers ____________________________________________________________________ 23 Image 13 Group work ___________________________________________________________________ 26 Image 14 Feedback _____________________________________________________________________ 27 Image 15 Adults________________________________________________________________________ 29 BIBLIOGRAPHY INATEC www.tecnacional.edu.ni Tel: 2253-8888
