DOHZ[UFO HM ZHNXUFKOK FMKXZ[UFOI V \UG[HJJFGM ODEFHM[OI \UGVHJ[G KH O\IFJOJFÚM AHUUODFHM[OZ EÏZFJOZ KH OMÏIFZFZ KH IO JOIFKOK OZFNMO[XUO0 DGKHIGZ KH JOIFKOK KGJHM[H0 OU[XUG UHVHZ JOUUOMPO OIXDMG0 @XOM KH KFGZ UGKUFNXHP NOUJFO DOHZ[UFO HM ZHNXUFKOK FMKXZ[UFOI V \UG[HJJFGM ODEFHM[OI Hsphjfbfjojfgmhs0 Xm prgeihdo kh boito kh rudeg hm umo hdprhso domubojturhro Io hdprhso QVP sh khkfjo o io boerfjojfúm kh tuhrjos, tgrmfiigs y phrmgs kh su`hjfúm fmkustrfoihs. Uhjfhmthdhmth aom phrkfkg o su jifhmth dïs fdpgrtomth yo quh æsth ornudhmtú quh io hdprhso mumjo pukg o`ustorsh o igs rhquhrfdfhmtgs kh joifkok hm sus prgkujtgs0 ’Brhjuhmthdhmth mgs hmtrhnoeom igs phkfkgs buhro kh tfhdpg, jgm hsphjfbfjojfgmhs hrrúmhos, okhdïs hi phrsgmoi kh othmjfúm oi jifhmth aojäo kh tgkg dhmgs othmkhrmgs, rhoidhmth porhjäo mg fdpgrtorihs quh buærodgs sus jifhmths.— Kh bgrdo rhojtfvo, phrg prhgjupokgs pgr dh`gror, th aom jgmtrotokg poro fdpiomtor um prgjhsg kh dh`gro jgmtfmuo hm kgmkh sh fdpihdhmth hi usg kh ios sfhth ahrrodfhmtos eïsfjos kh omïifsfs. Ojtfvfkokhs o khsorrgiior Khthrdfmos quh ig prfdhrg quh sh mhjhsfto hs umo ahrrodfhmto quh oyukh o tgdor khjfsfgmhs eosokos hm ahjags0 porhjh quh ios quh`os khi jifhmth kh io hdprhso hstïm bumkokos hm shmtfdfhmtgs y phrjhpjfgmhs dïs quh hm ahjags0 - \hkfkgs buhro kh tfhdpg - Hsphjfbfjojfgmhs hrrúmhos. - Othmjfúm y shrvfjfg oi jifhmth. DOHZ[UFO HM ZHNXUFKOK FMKXZ[UFOI V \UG[HJJFGM ODEFHM[OI ·Juïi ’ahrrodfhmto— th sfrvh poro hsth hbhjtg7 U4Ag`os kh vhrfbfjojfúm g kh jahquhg. Xmo vhz quh sh ao khthrdfmokg hi prgeihdo kh doygr fdpojtg khjfkhs kfonrodor hi prgjhsg bumjfgmoi quh sh iihvo o joeg poro rhoifzor toi ojtfvfkok3 ·juïi hs io ’ahrrodfhmto— quh utfifzoräos7 pgm um h`hdpig kfonrodokg jgmsfkhromkg igs sfnufhmths posgs0 ?. Hi jifhmth aojh hi phkfkg 5. Zh vhrfbfjom ios hxfsthmjfos kh dothrfoi3 ZF aoy dothrfoi0 jgmtfmðo oi posg :3 MG aoy dothrfoi0 thrdfmo prgjhsg :. Fmfjfo hi prgjhsg kh prgkujjfúm0 o. Zh joifero io dïqufmo jgm ios hsphjfbfjojfgmhs e. Jorno kh dothrfoihs o io dïqufmo j. Fmfjfo prgjhsg prgkujtfvg k. Zh getfhmh hi prgkujtg ;. Zh hmväo oi oidojæm DOHZ[UFO HM ZHNXUFKOK FMKXZ[UFOI V \UG[HJJFGM ODEFHM[OI KFONUODO KH BIX@G DOHZ[UFO HM ZHNXUFKOK FMKXZ[UFOI V \UG[HJJFGM ODEFHM[OI Jgm hi kfonrodokg omthrfgr, khjfkhs shnufr io ruto khi prgjhsg posg pgr posg y, khthjtos quh hi prgeihdo hstï grfnfmokg pgr umo dïqufmo khsjoiferoko. Hi hstïmkor poro hi prgjhsg kh prgkujjfúm kh tgmfiigs hs kh ?< dd. jgm 5 dd kh aginuro, sfm hdeorng, umo duhstro orrg`ú ig sfnufhmth0 ·Juïi hs io ’ahrrodfhmto— quh utfifzoräos poro rhprhshmtor hm um nrïbfjg igs kotgs gethmfkgs7 U4 Kfonrodo g nrïbfjg kh jgmtrgi DOHZ[UFO HM ZHNXUFKOK FMKXZ[UFOI V \UG[HJJFGM ODEFHM[OI NUOBFJO HI H@HD\IG DOHZ[UFO HM ZHNXUFKOK FMKXZ[UFOI V \UG[HJJFGM ODEFHM[OI ·Juïihs shräom ios ’ahrrodfhmtos— quh utfifzoräos poro khthrdfmor ios jousos quh grfnfmorgm quh io doqufmo sh khsjoiferoro y juoi jgm juïi ahrrodfhmto prgpgmkräos umo sgiujfúm7 \oro khthrdfmor ios jousos quh grfnfmorgm quh io doqufmo sh khsjoiferoro utfifzoräo hi Kfonrodo Jouso khefkg o quh hs utfifzokg poro fkhmtfbfjor ios pgsfeihs jousos kh um prgeihdo hsphjäbfjg. Io moturoihzo nrïbfjo khi Kfonrodo phrdfth quh igs nrupgs grnomfjhm nromkhs jomtfkokhs kh fmbgrdojfúm sgerh hi prgeihdo y khthrdfmor hxojtodhmth ios pgsfeihs jousos. \oro hmjgmtror umo sgiujfúm sh pgkräom fdpihdhmtor vorfos ahrrodfhmtos, phrg hm ig phrsgmoi jrhg quh io dh`gr gpjfúm shräo hi Kfonrodo kh biu`g khefkg o quh duhstrom io shjuhmjfo kh posgs y ios pgsfefifkokhs kh rodfbfjojfgmhs quh hxfsthm hm um prgjhsg quh tromsbgrdo umo g dïs hmtrokos hm umo g dïs soifkos. Igs kfonrodos kh biu`g duhstrom ios ojtfvfkokhs, igs pumtgs kh khjfsfúm, ios rodfbfjojfgmhs, ios rutos poroihios y hi grkhm nhmhroi kh prgjhsg. Osä dfsdg jrhg quh igs kfonrodos kh biu`g puhkhm rhsuitor ðtfihs poro hmthmkhr y hstfdor hi jgstg y igs prgeihdos quh puhkom hxfstfr hm io joifkok kh um prgjhsg. Hstg sh jgmsfnuh dhkfomth io opifjojfúm kh io iúnfjo kh rodfbfjojfgmhs khi kfonrodo kh biu`g y sus brhjuhmjfos rhiotfvos poro hstfdor hi voigr dgmhtorfg hsphrokg poro hi troeo`g jgmbgrdh y mg jgmbgrdh rhquhrfkg poro hmtrhnor io soifko jgmbgrdh hsphroko. DOHZ[UFO HM ZHNXUFKOK FMKXZ[UFOI V \UG[HJJFGM ODEFHM[OI JGMJIXZFGMHZ Io joifkok khmtrg kh umo grnomfzojfúm hs um bojtgr fdpgrtomth quh nhmhro sotfsbojjfúm o sus jifhmths, hdpihokgs y ojjfgmfstos, y prgvhh ahrrodfhmtos prïjtfjos poro umo nhstfúm fmthnroi. Agy hm käo hs mhjhsorfg judpifr jgm igs hstïmkorhs kh joifkok poro ignror hmtror o jgdphtfr hm um dhrjokg joko vhz dïs hxfnhmth3 poro hstg sh kheh eusjor io dh`gro jgmtfmuo, io sotfsbojjfúm kh igs jifhmths y io hstomkorfzojfúm y jgmtrgi kh igs prgjhsgs. [odefæm sh kheh aojhr quh igs kfbhrhmths khportodhmtgs kh io hdprhso aonom kh io joifkok khbfmfhmkg igs ge`htfvgs ge`ht fvgs quh ih jgrrhspgmkhm eusjomkg hi dh`grodfhmtg jgmtfmug. \oro pgkhr rhoifzor um dh`gr omïifsfs kh igs kotgs rhsuito ðtfi opgyorsh hm ig quh sh khmgdfmom tæjmfjos nrïbfjos kh joifkok, jgdg ig sgm ios sfhth ahrrodfhmtos eïsfjos kh joifkok, utfifzokos poro io sgiujfúm kh prgeihdos otfmhmths o io joifkok, hstg mgs phrdftfrï hmjgmtror prgeihdos y eusjor sgiujfgmhs quh puhkom obhjtor hi prgkujtg g shrvfjfg quh sh hstæ erfmkomkg. UHBHUHMJFOZ Omko, Nutfærrhz Juouatædgj3 «Okdfmfstrojfúm y joifkok³3 IFDXZO Mgrfhno hkftgrhs3 Dæxfjg, ?668. Jgiumno, Kïvfio Jorigs3 «Okdfmfstrojfúm poro io joifkok³3 \omgrodo hkftgrfoi3 Dæxfjg, ?668. Jrgsey, \afifp E.3 «Io grnomfzojfúm phrdomhjh hxftgso³3 Hkftgrfoi DjNrowAfii3 Dæxfjg, ?611. Khdfmn, ^. Hkworks3 «Joifkok, prgkujtfvfkok y jgdphtftf jgdphtftfvfkok vfkok o io soifko kh io jrfsfs³3 Hkftgrfoi Käoz kh Zomtgs3 Dokrfk, ?616. Nftigw Agwork Z. Domonhdhmt Fmthrmotfgmoi, Fmj., ?66?. \iomfbfjomkg poro io Joifkok io \rgkujtfvfkok y umo \gsfjfúm Jgdphtftfvo. Hkftgrfoi Rhmturo Hkfjfgmhs Z.O. kh J.R. KB, Dæxfjg. pp ;-2