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OC@DTN FNI BI^@OC BFTLBO BFTLB O BIAT B IATNFC NFC MNTOBOFNW ZBOVLBKC ZB OVLBKC @BVTLJ^IB 2:6>4< KT^XC N8=1 @BVNTLB ZCJLCICKLB ZCJLC ICKLB FN IB I B NF^JBJLÚO OC@DTN FNI FCJNOVN FTB. FCTB NINOB VCTC ABIJÚO O^@NTC \ VN@B FN IB BJVLQLFBF BJV LQLFBF FN BXTNOFLWB BJVLQLFBF B XTNOFLWBGN GN 6. IB NZJ^NIB NO @Ì]LJC7 ³TNXTCF^JVCTB C BXBTBVC LFNCIÚKLJC LFNCIÚKLJ C FN NZVBFC3 BR^LINZ BR^LI NZ ZNTFBO, @B @BJ^ZXBOB J^ZXBOB.. VBD VBDBZJC. BZJC. 82 FN ANDTNTC AND TNTC 4842 LOVTCF^JJLÚO No @ìxljc ib nfujbjlúo ns uo fnrnjmc bi snrvljlc fni pundic, slo flstlojlúo bikuob, tcfcs punfno bjjnfnr. Jbdn snòbibr qun ib nfujbjlúo qun no ib jbrtb `bkob sn rnalnrn, tlnon jbrbjtnràstljbs l`pcrtbotns, jc`c ib ibljlfbf, pcr ngn`pic, pnrc mbdràb qun prnkuotbrsn sl ni tlpc fn nfujbjlúo qun sn prntnofn snb l`pbrtlfc, rnbi`notn cpnrb jc`c uo biljlnotn b ib jcostrujjlúo fn jcocjl`lnotcs, c sl no su iukbr, ns utlilzbfb jco alons pnrvnrscs. Bjtubi`notn vlvl`cs no uob scjlnfbf dbsbfb no ni jcocjl`lnotc. Ics bspnjtcs qun sn fnstbjbo pbrtljuibr`notn pcr ni tìr`loc scjlnfbf dbsbfb no ni jcocjl`lnotc sco jcocjl`lnotc y nfujbjlúo. Zn fljn qun ni jcocjl`lnotc, bfn`âs fni jbpltbi, sn jcovnrtlrâ no uo abjtcr fn prcfujjlúo jbfb vnz `âs l`pcrtbotn fn ib scjlnfbf `cfnrob. Ib scjlnfbf dbsbfb no ni jcocjl`lnotc ns uo jcojnptc `uy nxltcsc. Ib ^olúo Nurcpnb ic mb bfcptbfc y ic utlilzb jc`c uob vbrb fn `nflr pbrb pbr b su nstrbtnklb fn nfujbjlúo prcanslcobi y supnrlcr. Zu cdgntlvc ns flrlklr tbotc mbjlb ib n`pinbdlilfbf y no knonrbi prc`unvn uob `ngcrb jcotloub fn ibs mbdlilfbfns prcanslcobins. Oc civlfn`cs qun ni bjtc fn nfujbr y fn snr nfujbfc, ns auofb`notbi pbrb tcfbs ibs pnrscobs, punstc qun, b pbrtlr fn nstc, sn knonrbo jcocjl`lnotcs, sbdnrns, y bjtltufns qun pnr`ltno ni fnsnovcivl`lnotc br`úoljc fnotrc fn ibs scjlnfbfns, bi tln`pc qun sn vb nstbdinjlnofc uob flstbojlb jbfb vnz `bycr jco ib lkocrbojlb. No ni prnsnotn trbdbgc nojcotrbrn`cs nin`notcs qun pnr`ltno uob `bycr vlslúo fn ib nsjunib `nxljbob jco jlnrtb lojilobjlúo mbjlb bikuoc fn ics pcstuibfcs `nojlcobfcs (rnprcfujtcrb, bpbrbtc lfnciúkljc c knonrbfcrb fn ctrbs pcsldlilfbfns), bfn`âs, fn knonrbr kno nrbr bikuobs prcpunstbs b pbrtlr fn ib rnbilfbf qun sn vlvn no @ìxljc. FNZBTTCIIC Zl dlno, ib nfujbjlúo rnprnsnotb uo nin`notc fn vltbi l`pcrtbojlb pcrqun byufb b bfqulrlr ics jcocjl`lnotcs onjnsbrlcs qun fnsbrrciino ib vlfb, puns vbo fnsfn bprnofnr b innr pbrb pcfnr rnbilzbr jc`prbs, sbdnr juâotc flonrc sn cjupbrâ pbrb niic, c sl`pin`notn pbrb pcfnr rnibjlcobrocs jco ics ctrcs. Buoqun no tcfcs ics pbàsns nxlstn ib nfujbjlúo, oc no tcfcs niics sn mbjn fn ib `ls`b `bonrb, puns ib acr`b no ib qun sn nfujb tlnon qun vnr jco ib floâ`ljb scjlbi fn jbfb iukbr, bsà jc`c ib vlslúo y pnrspnjtlvb fnsfn ib qun ics nojbrkbfcs fn ib nstrujturbjlúo fn ics pibons y prckrb`bs sn slt÷bo. @uy jibrc nstâ qun tcfcs ics bpbrbtcs fni nstbfc auojlcobo b ib vnz `nflbotn ib rnprnslúo y ib lfncickàb, bikuocs fn nstcs bpbrbtcs ics nojcotrb`cs no jubiqulnr `c`notc fn ib vlfb jctlflbob qun b sl`pin vlstb fnsbpbrnjno y acr`bo pbrtn fn ib juiturb, ab`lilb c rnilklúo. pnrc mby qun rnsbitbr uo bpbrbtc lfnciúkljc fn Nstbfc qun ju`pin `uy dlno ni rci fc`lobotn y fn `bonrb ¡slinojlcsb! Zn trbtb fn ib Nsjunib. Bitmussnr prcpcon qun ni prlojlpbi abjtcr pbrb qun uo Nstbfc Nstbfc sn scstnokb ns ib rnprcfujjlúo fn ics `nflcs fn prcfujjlúo, fcofn fn`unstrb su noacqun `btnrlbilstb no ni qun ib njcoc`àb fntnr`lob tcfcs ics â`dltcs fn ib scjlnfbf. Bfn`âs, nxlstno fcs nin`notcs susjnptldins fn rnprcfujjlúo7 ibs aunrzbs prcfujtlvbs y ibs rnibjlcons fn prcfujjlúo. Ibs aunrzbs fn trbdbgc sn bsnkurbo `nflbotn ni sbibrlc, qun ns fntnr`lobfc pcr bspnjtcs dlciúkljcs n mlstúrljcs fni sugntc prcfujtcr, y sn rnprcfujn `nflbotn ics bpbrbtcs lfnciúkljcs fni Nstbfc qun `nojlcoì jco botnrlcrlfbf. Nstcs bpbrbtcs kbrbotlzbo ib su`lslúo b ib lfncickàb fc`lobotn, ib pbslvlfbf fn ib ildnrtbf fn jcojlnojlb fn ib qun bmcrb jbrnjn`cs y jbfb vnz sc`cs `âs `cifnbdins pcr ni Nstbfc, jbfb vnz ocs prncjupb `nocs ibs jbusbs fn ounstrbs dbgbs jc`c scjlnfbf fn fnsbrrciic, pcrqun oc o c pcfn`cs invbotbrocs y rnjib`br bi nstbfc ib sbtlsabjjlúo fn ounstrbs vnrfbfnrbs onjnslfbfns, pcr ni sl`pin mnjmc fn qun ocs nojcotrb`cs su`lscs, n`drugbfcs y jú`cfcs fn su pcfnr, pcrqun ocs drlofbo dnonaljlcs (sunifc, dnjbs, snrvljlcs, ntj.). Nstcs bpbrbtcs lfnciúkljcs fni Nstbfc sn rnprcfujno b sà `ls`cs, y scdrn tcfc sn bsnkurb, `nflbotn ib rnprnslúo qun vb fnsfn ib aunrzb aàsljb `âs drutbi mbstb ibs `÷itlpins lostrujjlcons bf`lolstrbtlvbs c mbstb ib jnosurb bdlnrtb5 fn ibs jcofljlcons pciàtljbs pbrb ni ngnrjljlc fn ics bpbrbtcs lfnciúkljcs fni Nstbfc. B÷o no ib ab`lilb sn ocs nfujb jco jlnrtb rnprnslúo pbrb snr pnrscobs ’dunobs‐ pbrb ib scjlnfbf, no ib lkinslb fn ib `ls`b acr`b qun no ib nsjunib b ib qun bslstl`cs bikuocs jco utcpàb utcpà b fn qunrnr `ngcrbr su scjlnfbf, pnrc slo nstbr n`bojlpbfc ìi botns. ’Ib nfujbjlúo mbjn ib flanrnojlb‐ nstb arbsn ib mn`cs càfc jco jlnrtb arnjunojlb, pnrc sl no vnrfbf ib nsjunib, ib nfujbjlúo no knonrbi punfn iinkbr b rnbilzbr nstc, ³pcr quì jbfb vnz pbrtljlpb`cs `nocs no ibs jcsbs fni Nstbfc3 Oc prntnofn`cs qultbrin vbicr b ib nsjunib, pcrqun ns nstb ib qun fc`lob no acr`b slinojlc notrn ics bpbrbtcs lfnciúkljcs fni nstbfc, fndlfc b qun ib `bycràb fn ib pcdibjlúo fndn y bslstn b uo sltlc c lostltujlúo b nfujbrsn. Iculs Bitmussnr aun uo aliúscac `brxlstb y mbdltubi`notn aun jcoslfnrbfc jc`c nstrujturbilstb. In flc krbo l`pcrtbojlb b ib butcoc`àb rnibtlvb qun nxlstn notrn ib supnrnstrujturb no rnibjlúo jco ib dbsn njcoú`ljb fn f n turoc fn uo nstbfc. Mby qun rnjcrfbr qun supnrnstrujturb ns ni jcoguotc fn nin`notcs fn ib vlfb scjlbi fn uo pbàs jc`c pcr ngn`pic ibs acr`bs7 guràfljbs, pciàtljbs, brtàstljbs, alicsúaljbs juiturbins, lfnciúkljbs y rnilklcsbs. Ics bspnjtcs nstrujturbins sn rnalnrno b ib crkbolzbjlúo `ls`b fn ib scjlnfbf ibs rnkibs qun vlojuibo b sus `ln`drcs y ni n i `cfc fn crkbolzbr ib prcfujjlúo fn dlnons. Ni tnr`loc ns arnjunotn no ib tncràb `brxlstb qun balr`b qun ib supnrnstrujturb sco ibs lfnbs fn uob scjlnfbf qun surkno fn su dbsn njcoú`ljb. Qn b ib nsjunib jc`c uo bpbrbtc lfnciúkljc y rnspbifb nstb tncràb no ib dbsn fni pnosb`lnotc fn Botcolc Krb`sjl qun pcstuic ib tncràb fn ib mnkn`coàb juiturbi, no ni qun fnsjrldn jc`c ics nstbfcs usbo b ibs lostltujlcons juiturbins pbrb `botnonr ni pcfnr y oc bpnibr bsà b noarnotb`lnotcs jcnrjltlvcs dìiljcs. Ni fb `bycr l`pcrtbojlb bi nstbfc jc`c bknotn rnprcfujtcr fni fc`lolc. Nsn fc`lolc nstâ no`brjbfc fnotrc fn ib rnibjlúo fn ib supnrnstrujturb jc`c ni `njbols`c fn fc`lobjlúo jbpltbilstb. Nstn nstbfc jbpltbilstb pbrb bsnkurbr ibs jcofljlcons fn rnprcfujjlúo onjnsltb oc scic b ib aunrzb fn trbdbgc, sloc qun tb`dlìo nstb aunrzb fndn snr fc`lobfb lfnciúkljb`notn. Ns notnofldin qun ibs pcsljlcons njcoú`ljbs fntnr`lobo ibs pcsljlcons lfnciúkljbs. No ni jbpltbils`c jcotn`pcrâonc ib nsjunib pbsb snr ib lostltujlúo auofb`notbi pbrb bsnkurbr rnprcfujjlúo fn ibs rnibjlcons fn prcfujjlúo, ngnrjlnofc ni pbpni qun no ctrbs ìpcjbs tuvlnrco ctrbs lostltujlcons pcr ngn`pic ib lkinslb. Vb`dlìo pbrb prcpcrjlcobr ibs fnstrlzbs onjnsbrlbs b ibs aunrzbs fn trbdbgc. No nstb tncràb Bitmussnr oc fngb nspbjlc bi jb`dlc nfujbtlvc pcr ctrc `nflc qun oc snb uo jb`dlc no ib nstrujturb knonrbi. Zcstlnon qun uo jb`dlc loflvlfubi c jcinjtlvc fnsfn fnotrc fni buib ns lo÷tli sl oc mby uo jb`dlc no ib supnrnstrujturb scjlbi. Vb`dlìo nstb tncràb sn rnfujn c sn no`brjb bi nstbfc n stbfc fn uo nstbfc jbpltbilstb jc`c uo lostru`notc no `bocs fn ib jibsn fc`lobotn rnspcoflnofc b ibs onjnslfbfns y prlcrlfbfns fn prcfujjlúo. ³Notcojns pcr quì ns ni bpbrbtc nsjcibr ni bpbrbtc lfnciúkljc fc`lobotn no ibs acr`bjlcons scjlbins3 Jbdn fnstbjbr qun tcfcs ics BLN jubinsqulnrb qun snbo, jcojurrno bi `ls`c rnsuitbfc7 ib rnprcfujjlúo fn ibs rnibjlcons fn prcfujlr, qulnrc fnjlr, fn ibs rnibjlcons jbpltbilstbs fn ib nxpictbjlúo. Jbfb uoc jcibdcrb c byufb b nstn ÷oljc rnsuitbfc fni `cfc qun in ns prcplc, fn `cfc bi qun nstn mb slfc jbpbjltbfc furbotn su vlfb. Xnrc ns ib nsjunib qulìo rnprcfujn ic qun ni Nstbfc fnsnb, ib pbslvlfbf fni pundic, pcr nstc ni Nstbfc utlilzb b ib nsjunib pbrb `botnonr su`lsb b ib scjlnfbf, ib nsjunib bprcvnjmb ib vuionrbdlilfbf fni olòc, yb qun ib nstb rnjldn b nstcs fn tcfbs jibsns scjlbins fnsfn `uy pnqunòcs, fnsfn ics gbrflons fn olòcs y fnsfn nsn `c`notc ins lojuijb, ins nosnòb fn flvnrsbs acr`bs jlnrtcs tlpcs fn ’sbdnr mbjnr‐ pnrc fn `bonrb fn sc`ntl`lnotc b ib lfncickàb fc`lobotn c no ni fc`lolc fn su prâjtljb, pnrc ns fndlfc b qun ni olòc nstâ jc`c ic `nojlcoì botns, ’vuionrbdin‐ b ib cdnflnojlb, nstâ bprlslcobfc notrn ni bpbrbtc lfnciúkljc lfnciúkljc ab`lilbr y nsjcibr, y no cjbslcons sn lojiuyn ni bpbrtc rnilklcsc . JCOJI^ZLÚO Ni Nstbfc ns uob `âqulob fn rnprnslúo qun pnr`ltn b ibs jibsns fc`lobotns bsnkurbr su fc`lolc scdrn ib jibsn cdrnrb pbrb sc`ntnrib bi prcjnsc fn nxpictbjlúo fn ib piusvbiàb. Ni Nstbfc klrb no tcroc b ib pcsnslúo fni pcfnr fni Nstbfc. Xcr ctrb pbrtn, nxlstn ni bpbrbtc fn Nstbfc. Ni cdgntlvc fn ib iujmb fn jibsns jcojlnron bi pcfnr fn Nstbfc y no jcosnjunojlb no ib utlilzbjlúo fni bpbrbtc fn Nstbfc, fntnr`lobfc pcr ibs jibsns qun tlnon ni pcfnr fn Nstbfc no auojlúo fn sus cdgntlvcs c dgntlvcs fn jibsn. Xbrb mbjnr prckrnsbr prckrn sbr ib tncràb fni Nstbfc, ns loflspnosbdin tnonr no junotb oc scic ib flstlojlúo notrn pcfnr fn nstbfc y bpbrbtc fn nstbfc, sloc tb`dlìo ctrb rnbilfbf qun sn `bolalnstb guotc bi bpbrbtc (rnprnslvc) fn Nstbfc, pnrc qun oc sn jcoauofn jco ìi, ics bpbrbtcs lfnciúkljcs fni nstbfc (BLN). Bsà jc`c nxlstno ics bpbrbtcs rnprnslvcs tb`dlìo nxlstn uob piurbilfbf fn bpbrbtcs lfnciúkljcs fn Nstbfc. Bfn`âs, ics bpbrbtcs rnprnslvcs sco fn fc`lolc p÷diljc, y no ni jbsc fn ics bpbrbtcs lfnciúkljcs, sco fni fc`loc prlvbfc. Oc nxlstno bpbrbtcs fn Nstbfc purb`notn rnprnslvcs7 ibs lostltujlcons jc`c ib pciljàb y ni ngìrjltc tb`dlìo utlilzbo ib lfncickàb, y fn ib `ls`b `bonrb oc nxlstn uo bpbrbtc purb`notn lfnciúkljc. ’Ib lfncickàb ns uob ”rnprnsnotbjlúo“ fn ib rnibjlúo l`bklobrlb notrn loflvlfucs y sus jcofljlcons rnbins fn nxlstnojlb‐ ocs `nojlcob Bitmussnr y nstc tlnon `ujmb rbzúo pcrqun ics `nflcs fn jc`uoljbjlúo ocs `bongbo ib l`bkno pnranjtb fn ib jcsbs slo iinkbr bi `nciic fni bsuotc, oc ocs fbo ibs jcsbs jc`c tbi sloc qun scic ocs `unstrbo ic qun niics qulnrno qun jrnb`cs úsnb qun scic ocs fbo bikc no qun tnonrin an. Ib lkinslb ns ni bpbrbtc lfnciúkljc `âs jibrc yb qun ics loflvlfucs jrnno, jcosjlnotn c lojcosjlnotn`notn, ic qun ib lkinslb trbtb fn l`pconrocs y ocs bfvlnrtn qun fndn`cs bjtubr fn bjunrfc jco uo jlnrtc slstn`b fn ocr`bs sl qunrn`cs snkulr pnrtnonjlnofc b ib jcokrnkbjlúo. Ocs rnprl`no fn ic qun no vnrfbf qunrn`cs jrnnr y ocs nstbdinjno ib lfncickàb qun niics fc`lobo. Vb`dlìo ctrc nin`notc qun auojlcob jc`c bpbrbtc lfnciúkljc ns ib nsjunib yb qun ics `bnstrcs qun ocs fbo jibsn ocs pnrsubfno fn acr`b jcosjlnotn c lojcosjlnotn fn ib lfncickàb qun tlnono y bsà acr`br ounstrc prcplc guljlc scdrn ni iukbr qun qunrn`cs cjupbr no nstb scjlnfbf. Ib scjlnfbf ocs punfn flvlflr fn notrn ni qun ns pbrtljlpn fn uob lfncickàb y ni qun ns scic uoc `âs fn ounstrb scjlnfbf (ni qun oc jrnn no obfb). Ib lfncickàb jcostltuyn bsà uob rnibjlúo l`bklobrlb notrn loflvlfucs jco sus `nflcs rnbins fn nxlstnojlb. DLDILCKTBAÀB Bitmussnr, I. (2<=2), Ib Alicscaàb jc`c br`b fn ib rnvciujlúo, @ìxljc, Xibzb y Qbifìs. Bitussnr, I. (2<==). Lfncickàb y bpbrbtcs lfnciúkljcs fni Nstbfc. Arnuf y Ibjbo, Dunocs Blrns, Ounvb Qlslúo. Tnjupnrbfc fn7 mttp7//pnrlc.uoip.nfu.br/tncrlbs4/tnxtcs/`:/bitmussnr.pfa Dnii, F. Ni bfvnol`lnotc fn ib scjlnfbf pcstlofustrlbi. ^o lotnotc fn prckocsls scjlbi. Dbrjnicob7 Bilbozb Nfltcrlbi, 2<=<. Jbsbs Xìrnz, @bràb fn ib Iuz. ’@ìxljc7 Zcjlnfbf fn ib loacr`bjlúo c scjlnfbf fni jcocjl`lnotc‐. jcocjl`lnotc‐. No Qlrtubils, o¸ 2, nonrc - guolc 4828. 4828 . Tnjupnrbfc fn7 mttp7//bpiljbjlcons.jj`.ltns`.`x/vlrtubils/lofnx.pmp/ mttp7//bpiljbjlcons.jj`.ltns`.`x/vlrtubils /lofnx.pmp/ vlrtubils/brtljin/vlnwAlin/2</= Jbstrc, Z., D. Kuz`âo y F. Jbsbfc ’Ibs VLJ no ics prcjnscs fn nosnòbozb y bprnoflzbgn‐. No Iburus, vci. 2:, o÷`. 4:, 488;, pp. 42:-4:6. 42: -4:6. Tnjupnrbfc fn7 mttp7//www.rnfbiyj.crk/pfa/;12/;1284:22.pfa
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