pdf-syllabus-electroterapia compress

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X@D ENMIGENC PEIQ
PEIQ@X]IT
@X]ITNXIN
NXIN
Anmuc
An
muctnd
tnd d` Mi`emi
Mi`emins
ns d` cn ]ncu
]ncud
d
Aisigt`rnpin
Aisigt`rn
pin y Oie`sigcgbën
Oie`sigcg bën
^PIETG ]@K@]TX@
]YCCNHP]
]YCCN
HP] D@ CN N]IBENTPXN
N]IBENTPXN
@C@MTXGT@XNVIN
Nut
N
utgr
gr:: Dr.
Dr . Mnhr`rn
Mnhr `rn Mîm`r`s
Mîm `r`s N c `xne
`xned`r
d`r
B`stiýe Nmndékim n II/868>
II/868>
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
PDNHGC
PEIQ@X]IDND D@ N^PIEG HGCIQIN
Nmr`ditndn mgkg VC@EN k`dinet` X.K. 8<</6>
QI]IÝE
QI]I
ÝE D@ CN
C N PEIQ@X]ID
PEIQ@X]IDND
ND
]`r cn Peiv`rsidnd cëd`r `e mncidnd `dumntivn.
KI]IÝE
KI]I
ÝE D@ CN PEIQ@X]IDND
PEIQ@X]IDND
D`snrrgccnr cn @dumnmiýe ]up`rigr Peiv`rsitnrin mge mncidnd y
mgkp`titividnd nc s`rvimig d` cn sgmi`dnd.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
]YCCNHP]
Ns ib ent
entur
urn:
n:
Mýdibg:
X`quisitg:
Mnrbn Lgrnrin:
Mréditgs:
I.
•
@C@MTXGT@XNVIN
AYO ” 08=
EIEBPEG
>66 Lgrns
>6
GHJ
GHJ@TIQG
@TIQG]
] B@E@X
B@E@XNC
NC@]
@] D@ CN N]IBENTPXN.
Gtgrbnr nc `studinet` d` cn nsibenturn mgegmiki`e
mgegmiki`etgs
tgs mi`etëaim
mi`etëaimgs
gs nmtuncizndgs y
d`t`rkiendns nmtitud`s qu` p`rkitne `c hu`e kne`jg d` cgs `quipgs d`
`c`mtrgt`rnpin kîs uticizndgs `e eu`strg k`dig? `e r`cnmiýe n cgs prghc`kns
pr`vnc`et`s d` sncud `e cn prga`siýe.
II. VXGBXNKN NENCËTIMG D@ CN N]IBENTPXN.
PEIDND I: B@E@XNC
B@E@XNCIDND@]
IDND@]
T@KN >. @c`mtrgaësimn: B`e`rncidnd`s. - Egmige`s auednk`etnc`s sghr` `c`mtrimidnd.-
@strumturn
d` cn Knt`rin.@c îtgkg.d` cns pnrtëmucns
d`ccnîtgkg.Ige.Mgrri`et` @cémtrimn.Vrgdummiý
Vrgdummiýe
e d` cnDistrihumiýe
mgrri`et` `cémtrimn.@a`mtgs d`
mgrri`et`@c`cémtrimn.Cëe`ns d` au`rzn y mnkpgs `cémtrimgs.
T@KN 8. @c`mtrg`stîtimn: D`aieimiýe.- C`y auednk`etnc d` @c`mtrgaësimn.- Mnkpg
@c`mtrgstîtimg.- C`y`s d` `c`mtrg`stîtimn.- Tipgs d` mgedumtgr`s `cémtrimgs.- Tipgs d`
mged`esndgr`s.- D`smnrbns `cémtrimns.T@KN =. @c`mtrgdieîkimn: D`aieimiýe.- Q`cgmidnd d` cn mgrri`et` @cémtrimn.- Mirmuitgs
`cémtrimgs.- Peidnd`s d` k`didn.
T@KN 4. Mgrri`et` Bncvîeimn: D`aieimiýe.-
Mcns`s d` au`et`s d` prgdummiýe.prgdummiýe. Dispgsitivgss pnrn distrihuir cn mgrri`et`
@c`mtrgquëkimns.-@c`mtrgk
@c`mtrgquë
kimns.-@c`mtrgknbeétimn
nbeétimns.s.- @c`mtrýeimns.- Dispgsitivg
bncvîeimn mge aie`s t`rnpéutimgs.-Agrkns d` npcimnmiýe.
T@KN 0. E
T@KN
E`urgais
`urgais igcg
igcgbën
bën d`c dgcgr: D`aieimiýe.- Mcns`s d` dgcgr.- ]ist`kn `xmitntgrig d`c
dgcgr.- Tipgs d` aihrns e`rvigsns d` mgedummiýe.- K`mneiskgs d` kgducnmiýe d`c dgcgr.]ist`kn nencbésimg prgpig d`c s`r lukneg.
PEIDND II: MGXXI@ET@]
MGXXI@ET@] D@ H
HNJ
NJ N AX@MP@EMI
AX@MP@EMIN.
N.
T@KN 1. Bncvneiskg Kédimg (Igetgagr`sis): D`aieimiýe.- Vriemipig aësimg.- T`grën iýeimn
d` Nrrl`eius.- Vrgpi`dnd`s d` cgs ige`s.- Mgem`etrnmiýe y nhsgrmiýe d` cgs ige`s.- Q`etnjns
d` cn Igetgagr`sis.Igetgagr`sis.- Dgsiaimnmiýe.- IIedimnmige`
edimnmige`s.s.- Mgetrniedimnmige`s.
T@KN 2. Mgrri`et` Pctrn X`iz: D`aieimiýe.- @a`mtgs d` cn mgrri`et` Pctrn X`iz.- Hns`s
e`urgaisigcýbimns pnrn cns npcimnmige`s.- Tipg d` npcimnmiýe.- Témeimn d` trntnki`etg.Dgsiaimnmiýe.- Iedimnmige`s.-Mgetrniedimnmige`s.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
T@KN <. Mgrri`et`s Dindieîkimns: D`aieimiýe.- Tipgs d` mgrri`et`s Dindieîkimns.K`mneiskgs d` nmmiýe.-@a`mtgs d` cgs dia`r`et`s tipgs d` gedn.- Tipgs d` trntnki`etg.Dgsiaimnmiýe.- Iedimnmige`s.- Mgetrniedimnmige`s.
T@KN 9. Mgrri`et`s hiaîsimns nsikétrimns eg hncnem`n
T@KN
hncnem`ndns
dns y hncnem`n
hncnem`ndns
dns (T
(T@E
@E]
]
mgev`emigenc ” Hurts): D`aieimiýe.- Tipgs d` mgrri`et`.- Hns`s e`urgaisigcýbimns pnrn cns
npcimnmige`s.npcimnmige`
s.- Tipg d` npcimnmiýe.npcimnmiýe.-Dgsiaimnmiýe
Dgsiaimnmiýe..- Iedimnmige`
Iedimnmige`s.s.- Mgetrniedimn
Mgetrniedimnmige`s.
mige`s.
T@KN >6. M
T@KN
Mgrri`et`s
grri`et`s pnrn `stikucnmiýe E`
E`urg
urgkusmu
kusmu cnr: D`aieimiýe.- C`siýe d` e`rvigs
p`riaérimgs.- Hns`s e`urgaisigcýbimn
e`urgaisigcýbimnss pnrn cns npcimnmige`s.- Bncvîeimn pucsît
pucsîtic.ic.- Mgrri`et`s
d` `stikucnmiýe tipg T`es.-Mgrri`et`s d` `stikucnmiýe Xusn.- Mgrri`et`s `xpge`eminc`s.Iedimnmige`s.-Mgetrniedimnmige`s.
T@KN >>. @c`mtrgdinbeýs timg O
T@KN
Oieésimg
ieésimg:: D`aieimiýe.- Murvn I/T. neîcisis d` cns pnrt`s qu`
cn mgkpge`e- Murvn N/T. neîcisis d` cns pnrt`s qu` cn mgkpge`e.- Témeimn pnrn d`t`rkienr
cn murvn I/T.- Témeimn pnrn d`t`rkienr cn murvn N/T.- Iet`rpr`tnmiýe d`c @c`mtrgdinbýstimg
Oieésimg.
PEIDND III MGXXI@ET@] D@ AX@MP@EMIN K@DIN.
T@KN >8. Mgrri`et`s Iet`ra`r`eminc`s: D`aieimiýe.- Tipgs d` mgrri`et`.- Hns`s
e`urgaisigcýbimns pnrn cns npcimnmige`s.- Tipg d` npcimnmiýe.- Dgsiaimnmiýe.- Iedimnmige`s.Mgetrniedimnmige`s.
T@KN >=. Mgrri`et`s d` `stiku cnmiýe Xusn/ Ogtz: D`aieimiýe.- Tipgs d` mgrri`et`.- Hns`s
T@KN
e`urgaisigcýbimns pnrn cns npcimnmige`s.- Tipg d` npcimnmiýe.- Dgsiaimnmiýe.- Iedimnmige`s.Mgetrniedimnmige`s.
PEIDND IQ MGXXI@ET@] D@ NCTN AX@MP@EMIN Y GTXN] MGXXI@ET@]
T@XNV@ÚTIMN]
T@KN >4. P
T@KN
Pctrnsgei
ctrnsgei dg: D`aieimiýe d`c sgeidg y t`rnpin uctrn sýeimn.- Tipgs d` mgrri`et`.Auednk`etgs Aësimgs.- Mcns`s d` uctrn sgeidg.- Îr`n d` Xndinmiýe @a`mtivn @XN.Enturnc`zn d` cn gedn uctrn sýeimn.- Nhsgrmiýe y p`e`trnmiýe d`c uctrn sgeidg.- @a`mtgs
Higaësimgs d`c Pctrn sgeidg.- Tipgs d` npcimnmiýe.- Iedimnmige`s.- Mgetrniedimnmige`s
nhsgcutns y r`cntivns.
nhsgcutns
T@KN
T@K
N >0. Mnkpgs Knbeéti
Knbeétimgs
mgs : D`aieimiýe.- Auednk`etgs Aësimgs.- Nmmiýe d` cgs mnkpgs
knbeétimgs.-T`rnpin d` mnkpgs knbeétimgs d` nctn ar`mu`emin.- Tipgs d` npcimnmiýe.Dgsik`trën.- Mgetrniedimnmige`s.-Tipgs d` npcimndgr`s.- Iedimnmige`s.
T@KN >1.
T@KN
>1. Kimrgmg
Kimrgmgrri`et`s:
rri`et`s: D`aieimiýe.- Auednk`etgs Aësimgs.- Npcimnmige`s t`rnpéutimns.@a`mtgs aisigcýbimgs.- Tipgs d` npcimnmiýe.- Dgsik`trën.- Mgetrniedi
Mgetrniedimnmige`s.mnmige`s.- Iedimnmige`s.
T@KN >2. Nctg Qgctnj`: D`aieimiýe.- Mnrnmt`rëstimns d` cn agrkn d` gedn.- Npcimnmige`s
t`rnpéutimns.t`rnpéutimn
s.- @a`mtgs aisigcýbimgs.- Tipgs d` npcimnmiýe.- Dgsik`trën.- Mgetrniedimnmige
Mgetrniedimnmige`s.`s.Iedimnmige`s.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
III. HIHCIGBXNAËN
•
•
Nchgregz K. (86>1) @c`mtrgt`rnpi
@c`mtrgt`rnpin
n prîmtimn: Nvnem`s `e iev`stibnmiýe mcëeimn
(8.ª `d.). @cs`rvi`r.
Mnk`rge K. L. (86>=) Nb`et`s aësimgs `e r`lnhicitnmiýe:
r`lnhicitnmiýe: D` cn iev`stibnmiýe
iev`stibnmiýe n
cn prîmtimn (4.ª @d.) @cs`rvi`r.
Kneunc d` `c`mtrgt`rnpin
`c`mtrgt`rnpin
•
•
•
K`drneg J. M. (866>).
. @ditgrinc Isis.
Xgdrëbu`z K. (86>4) @c`mtrgt`rn
@c`mtrgt`rnpin
pin `e aisigt`rnpin (=.ª `d.). Vnenk`rimnen
Rntsge T. (8669) @c`mtrgt`rnpin prîmtimn hnsndn `e cn `vid`emin (>8.ª `d.)
@cs`rvi`r.
IQ. MGETXGC
MGETXGC D@ @QNCPN
@QNCPNMIGE@
MIGE@]
]
>¶ `vncunmiýe pnrminc
A`mln:
Egtn:
8¶ `vncunmiýe pnrminc
A`mln:
Egtn:
@xnk`e aienc
A`mln:
Egtn:
NVPET@]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
PEIQ@X]IDND
PEIQ@
X]IDND D@ N^PIEG HGCIQIN
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMI
MI@EMIN]
N] D@ CN
C N ]NCPD
MNXX@XN D@ AI]IGT@XNVIN
AI]IGT@XNVIN
RGXO VNV@X
VGX T@KN D@ NQNEM@
N QNEM@ (VGX KÝDPCG)
B@]TIÝE II/868>
NÞG 868>
Cn Vnz - Hg
Hgciv
civin
in
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # >
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: 0
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: @c`mtrgstîtimn ” @c`mtrgdieîkimn y mgrri`et` bncvîeimn
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N: ^PIETG ]@K@]TX@
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG >
@C@MTXG]TÎTIMN ” @C@MTXGDIE
@C@MTXGDIEÎKIMN
ÎKIMN Y MGXXI
MGXXI@ET@
@ET@ BNCQNEIMN
Enturnc`zn d` cn mgrri`et` Bncvîeimn.- Cgs îtgkgs d` cn knt`rin `stîe mgestituidgs pgr
ue eúmc`g mnrbndg d` `c`mtrimidnd
`c`mtrimid nd pgsitivn y e`utrn, ncr`d`dgr d`c munc birne
bir ne n brne v`cgmidnd
cns mnrbns e`bntivns g `c`mtrge`
`c`mtrge`s.
s.
@e cgs mgedumtgr`s `stgs `c`mtrge`s pu`d`e pnsnr cihr`k`et` d` ue `xtr`kg n gtrg munedg
`xist` uen dia`r`emin d` pgt`eminc, `c kgviki`etg d` `stgs `c`mtrge`s mgestituy`e cn
MGXXI@ET@ @C@MTXIMN cn munc pu`d` mgesid`rnrs` mgkg `c`mtrimidnd `e kgviki`etg.
D`aieimiýe d` `c`mtrgstîtimn.- @s `c `studig d` cn `c`mtrimidnd `e r`pgsg qu` egs sirv` pnrn
mgkpr`ed`r cn mgrri`et` `cémtrimn.
C`y `c`k`etnc d` @c`mtrgaësimn.- Mu`rpgs mnrbndgs `e cn kiskn mnrbn s` r`p`c`e, `e
mnkhig mu`rpgs mnrbndgs d` dia`r`et`s mnrbns s` ntrn`e.
Dipgcg.- Pen kgcémucn d` nbun, sge îtgkgs mge `c kiskg p`sg ntýkimg p`rg dia`r`et`
eúk`rg ntýkimg.
Mgedumtgr.- Mu`rpg qu` mgedum` cn `c`mtrimidnd, `stgs pu`d`e s`r:
Mgedumtgr`s pnrminc`s.- X`sist`e `c pnsg d` cn `c`mtrimidnd p`rg hnjg mi`rtns
mirmuestnemins sge mgedumtgr`s.
Ni
Nisc
scndg
ndg r`s
r`s..- Mu`rpg qu` eg mgedum` uen mnrbn `cémtrimn.
Mged`esndgr.- Iestruk`etg qu` s` `emu`etrn agrkndg
agrk ndg pgr dgs mgedumtgr`s s`pnrndgs pgr
ue di`cémtrimg.
Di`cémtrimg.- ]ustnemin qu` gpge` brne r`sist`emin nc pnsg d` cn `c`mtrimidnd pgr
mgedummiýe, p`rg `e `c qu` cn au`rzn `cémtrimn nmtún pgr iedummiýe.
A`eýk`egs auednk`etnc`
aued nk`etnc`ss d` `c`mtrgstîtimn:
n) A`eýk`eg
A`eýk`eg d` `c`mtriznmiýe
`c`mtriznmiýe pgr argtnki`etg.
h) A`eýk`eg
A`eýk`eg d ` iedummi ýe `c`mtrgs
`c`mtrgs tîtimn.
Knquiens `c`mtrgstîtimns.- Npnrntgs d`stiendgs n prgdumir mnrbns `cémtrimns qu` b`e`rne
mgrri`et`s `cémtrimns.
D@AIEIMIÝE D@ @C@MTXGDIEÎKIMN.
@s `c `studig d` cn `c`mtrimidnd `e kgviki`et
kgviki`etg,
g, `s d`mir d` cn mgrri`et` `cémtrimn.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
Mirmuitg `cémtrimg .- @s `c mnkieg r`mgrridg pgr cn mgrri`et` `cémtrimn. Tnkhiée `s `c pnsg d`
cn mgrri`et` `cémtrimn d` cn au`et` b`e`rndgrn n trnvés d` ue mgedumtgr y su r`br`sg
eu`vnk`et` n cn au`et`.
Mcns`s d` mirmuitgs:
n. Mirmuitg nhi`rtg
h. Mirmuitg m`rrndg.
m. Mirmuitg `e s`ri`.
Mcns`s d` mirmuitgs pgr su d ispgsimiýe:
Mcns`s
>. Mirmuitg `e pnrnc`cg
8. Mirmuitg `e s`ri`.
= Mirmuitg kixtg.
MCN]IAIM
MCN
]IAIMNMIÝE
NMIÝE D@ C
CN
N MGXXI
MGXXI@ET@
@ET@ @CÉMTXI
@CÉMTXIMN.
MN.
I.
Mgrri`et` nct`ren.- Tipg d` mgrri`et` qu` p`riýdimnk`et` ievi`rt` g nct`ren su
dir`mmiýe, sibeiaimnedg ue kgviki`etg vihrntgrig d` `c`mtrge`s `e nkhgs s`etidgs,
e`bntivgs g pgsitivgs.
Vnrt`s d` cn mgrri`et` nct`ren sge cn nct`renemin, `c mimcg, `c p`rigdg.
II.
Mgrri`et` Mgetieún g dir`mtn.- @s nqu`ccn `e cn qu` `c acujg d` cgs `c`mtrge`s `s
mgestnet` `e uen kiskn dir`mmiýe. Vudi`edg vnrinr cn iet`esidnd p`rg eg nsë cn
dir`mmiýe.
Peidnd`s d` K`didns @cémtrimns.
n. Au`rzn `c`mtrgkgtriz.- Ccnkndn tnkhiée dia`r`emin d` pgt`eminc, @e`rbën e`m`snrin
bnstnr, pnrn qu` cn ueidnd d` mnrbn r`mgrrn `c mirmuitg mgkpc`tg.
]u ueidnd `s `c vgctig.
h. Mnpnmidnd `cémtrimn d` uen mnrbn.- @s cn `e`rbën pgt`eminc qu` pgs`` cn ueidnd d`
mnrbn. Mnetidnd d` `e`rbën ncknm`endn `e `c iet`rigr d` ue mu`rpg.
]u ueidnd `s `c mgucgkhig.
m. Mnpnmidnd d` ue `c`k`etg.- @s cn r`cnmiýe qu` `xist` `etr` cn mnrbn y `c pgt`eminc g
tnkhiée s` d`aie` mgkg cn mnetidnd e`m`snrin pnrn snturnrs` d` ue `c`k`etg.
]u ueidnd d` k`didn `s `c Anrndig.
d. Iet`esidnd.- Mnetidnd d` `c`mtrimidnd qu` ntrnvi`sn cn s`mmiýe trnesv`rsnc d` ue
mgedumtgr `e ue s`buedg. ]u ueidnd d` k`didn `s `c nkp`rig.
`. X`sist`emin.- Gpgsimiýe u ghstîmucg qu` `emu`etrn cn mgrri`et` `cémtrimn nc r`nciznr su
pnsg pgr ue mgedumtgr qu` vn n diskieuir su iet`esidnd.
]u ueidnd d` k`didn `s `c Glkig.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
Cgs anmtgr`s qu` ieacu
ieacuy`e
y`e `e cn r`sist`emin sge:
>. Cgebit ud d`c mgedumtgr.
8. X`sist
X`sist `emin `sp`mëaimn.
=. Diîk`trg
Diîk`trg d`c mged umtgr .
C`y d` GLK.- Cn iet`esidnd qu` pnsn pgr ue mirmuitg `s dir`mtnk`et` prgpgrmigenc n cn
au`rzn `c`mtrgkgtriz ` iev`rsnk`et` prgpgrmigenc n cn r`sist`emin.
Mgedumtnemin.- Anmicidnd qu` gar`m` ue mgedumtgr pnrn s`r r`mgrridg pgr uen mgrri`et`
`cémtrimn.
D`esidnd.- Mnetidnd d` `c`mtrimidnd `xist`et` `e cn ueidnd d` sup`raimi`. Cn d`esidnd
r`pr`s`etn `c eúk`rg d` kicinkp`rigs /mk8 d` `c`mtrgdg, d` cg qu` s` d`spr`ed` qu` si `c
`c`mtrgdg `s brned` cns cëe`ns d` au`rzn s`rîe nkpcins pgr cg tnetg cn d`esidnd `s p`qu`þn.
K`dimiýe
K`dimi
ýe d` cn `e`rbën `cé
`cémtrim
mtrim n.- ]` ghti`e` kuctipcimnedg cn iet`esidnd d` cn mgrri`et`
`cémtrimnn pgr cn au`rzn `c`mtrgkgtriz
`cémtrim
`c`mtrgkgtriz,, prgdumidn `e `c p`rigdg d` ti`kpg su ueidnd d` k`didn
`s `c Rnttig.
@a`mtgs d` cn mgrri`et` `cémtrimn:
n. @a`mtg
@a`mtg t`rknc.
h. @a`mtg Knbeétimg.
m. @a`mtg quëkimg.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X Eº >
>. ^u` `s ue mged`esndgr (d`smrihn
(d`smr ihn y di
dihuj`).
huj`).
8. D`smrihn cn c`y `c`k`etnc d` @c`mtrgaësimn.
=. Ki
Ki `quip g d` m grri`et` b
bncvîeimn
ncvîeimn mgesu
mgesuk`
k` durnet` 86 dëns lîhic`s d` trnhnjg >80
Ow/lgrn pg r cg q u` mnem`cn 80
806hs,
6hs, si `c prýx ikg k `s trnhnjn 88 dëns y mgesu
mgesuk`
k` >>8
Ow/l y `c Ow/l eg ln vnrindg `e su pr`mig m unetg t`edrî qu` mnem`cnr7
4. Pe
Pe `quip
`quipg
g d` 066 wntts mgesuk ` < Ow/l . ]
]ii `c Ow/l m u`stn =6 Hs, munetg t`edrî
qu` mnem`cnr si `c `qu ipg tr
trnhnjg
nhnjg durnet` 96 dëns n rn
rnzýe
zýe d` < lgrns d
dinrins.
inrins.
0. Iediq
Iediq u` qu` ki
kid`
d` `c T`scn, qu` ki d` `c nkp`rig, qu` k id` `c Bnuss, qu` kid ` `c
vgcti g, `
`cc Glkig, `c mgucgkhi g y qu` `s cn ueidnd `c`mtrgstîtimn.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # 8
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: 4
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: BNCQNEI]KG KÉDIMG - IGETGAGX@]I]
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N: ^PIETG ]@K@]TX@
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]:
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
@c`mtrgt`rnpin
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG 8
BNCQNEI]KG
BNC
QNEI]KG KÉDIM
KÉDIMG
G ” IGETGAGX@]I]
D`aieimiýe.- Témeimn uticizndn pnrn `c trntnki`etg d` dia`r`et`s disauemige`s tnetg
kusmucnr`s mgkg e`rvigsns, uticizn mgrri`et` bncvîeimn dir`mtn eg iet`rrukpidn.
@a`mtgs aësimgs ” quëkimgs.
>. @a`mtg mncýrimg.- hnsndg `e cn c`y d` Jguc` ^ ; I8*T* X
8. @a`mtg ^uëkimgs.- Cn mgrri`et` `s mnpns d` prgdumir sustnemin eu`vns `e `c `xtr`kg
distnc d`c `c`mtrgdg y knet`e`r cns prgpi`dnd`s quëkimn
quëkimnss d` cgs `c`k`etgs.
=. @a`mtgs pgcnr`s.- Vu`d`e s`r d` mgetnmtg dir`mtg g d` nmmiýe n distnemin.
@a`mtgs pgcnr`s d` mgetnmtg:
VGCG VG]IT
VG]ITIQG
IQG
X`nmmiýe îmidn
@smnrn s`mn.
^u`kndurn pgr îmidgs.
VGCG E@BNTIQG
X`nmmiýe ncmncien
@smnrn lúk`dn.
^u`kndurn pgr îcmncis.
@a`mtg pgcnr n distnemin.- ]` prgdum` munedg cn npcimnmiýe d` cgs `c`mtrgdgs s` lnm`e `e
agrkn iedir`mtn, `s d`mir munedg s` uticizne muhri`et`s luk`d`midgs mge sgcumige`s snciens.
@xist`e kgdiaimnmige`s
kgdiaimnmige`s tisucnr`s iýeimns nc pnsg d` cn mgrri`et`.
Tipgs d` npcimnmiýe:
n. Cgebitudienc.
h. Trnesr`bigenc g net`rg pgst`rigr.
m. Trnesnrtimucn
Trnesnrtimucnrr ” pnrn v`rt`hrnc.
IGETGAGX@]I].
D`aieimiýe.- Témeimn uticizndn pnrn cn ietrgdummiýe d` ige`s n trnvés d` cn pi`c y kumgsns
pgr nmmiýe d` cn mgrri`et` bncvîeimn mgetieun, mge nmmiýe dir`mtn sghr` cn kiskn r`biýe
c`sigendn.
Cns justiaimnmige`s mi`etëaimns y cgs auednk`etgs sge rntiaimndgs n trnvés d` cgs
`xp`rik`etgs d` Mlntzoy? @xp`rik`etg d` Cudum? @xp`rik`etg d` Cnhntut.
Mgem`etrnmiýe y nhsgrmiýe d` Ige`s.- @stg s` r`ncizn pgr nmmiýe d` cn mgrri`et` d`
ar`mu`emin k`din, qu` pgr cgs `a`mtgs bncvîeimgs ietrgdum` `c k`dimnk`etg n trnvés d` cgs
agcëmucgs picgsgs y bcîeducns sudgrëpnrns, `stns kgcémucns iebr`sne nc grbneiskg p`rdi`edg
su mnrnmt`rëstimns quëkimns, cc`bne nc `spnmig iet`rstiminc dged` r`mup`rne `sns
mnrnmt`rëstimns
mnrnmt`rëst
imns sge nhsgrhidns nc iet`rigr d` cn mécucn ncknm`endns `e `c npnrntg d` Bgcbi y
cu`bg `xpucsndns nc `spnmig `xtrn m`cucnr pnrn s`r nhsgrhidns pgr `c grbneiskg y b`e`rnr
`a`mtgs b`e`rnc`s.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
Aýrkucns pnrn cn r `n
`nciznmiýe
ciznmiýe d` Igetgagr`sis .
k;ItK x
I
e ; 9.1 x >6 4
k ; knsn ietrudumidn d`c prgdumtg.
I ; Nkpcitud (sup`raimi` d`c `c`mtrgdg x d`esid
d`esidnd
nd d` mgrri`et`)
T ; Durnmiýe d` cn mgrri`et`.
K ; Knsns kgcnr
e ; Qnc`emin d`c prgdumtg ietrgdumidg.
E@PXGAI]IG
E@PXG
AI]IGCGBËN
CGBËN D@C DGCGX
IETXGDPMMIÝE.
@c mgegmiki`etg d` cn e`urgnentgkën y d` cn e`urgaisigcgbën d`c dgcgr mgestituy`e cns hns`s
qu` sust`etne su trntnki`etg rnmigenc. D` nlë cn ikpgrtnemin mcëeimn d` mgegm`r `stgs
prgm`sgs `e agrkn b`e`rnc. X`visnr`kgs
X`visnr`kgs cgs puetgs kîs r`c`vnet`s d` cgs tr`s prik`rgs.
Cgs muntrg prgm`sgs aisigcýbimgs `e `c dgcgr
Trnesdummiýe: Vrgm`sg pgr `c munc `c `stëkucg egmivg p`riaérimg s` trnesagrkn `e ue
`stëkucg `cémtrimg.
Trneskisiýe: Vrgpnbnmiýe d`c ikpucsg e`rvigsg lnstn cgs eiv`c`s s`esgrinc`s d`c
]EM.
Kgducnmiýe: Mnpnmidnd qu` ti`e`e cg sist`kns nencbésimgs `edýb`egs d` kgdiaimnr
cn trneskisiýe d`c ikpucsg e`rvigsg, auednk`etnck`et` ielihimiýe `e cns nstns dgrsnc`s
d` cn kéducn, p`rg npnr`et`k
npnr`et`k`et`
`et` tnkhiée n gtrgs eiv`c`s (p`riaérimg, pgr `j`kpcg).
V`rm`pmiýe: Vrgm`sg aienc `e qu` cgs tr`s prik`rgs, iet`rnmtunedg mge uen s`ri` d`
gtrgs a`eýk`egs iedividunc`s, mr`ne cn `xp`ri`emin suhj`tivn y `kgmigenc d`egkiendn
dgcgr.
Mcnsiaimnmiýe d` cns aihrns e`rvigsns `e ue e`rvig p`riaérimg
Q`cgmidnd
d`
Tipg
Ie`rvnmiýe
Diîk`trg
Mgedummiýe (k/s`b)
(k k)
>66 (26 - >86)
>0 (>8 - 86)
kúsmucg `squ`cétimg
N Ncan
06 (=6 - 26)
< ( 0 - !0)
tnmtg y pr`siýe pi`c
H`tn
86 (>0 - =6)
1 (0 - <)
lusg kusmucnr
Bnkn
2 (= ->0)
= (> - 4)
k`mnegr`m`ptgr`s y
D`ctn
egmim`ptgr`s
2(=->0)
= (> - =)
sikpîtimns
H
pr`bnebccgenr`s
>(6,0-8)
> (6,0 - >,0)
k`mnegm`ptgr`s
M
egmim`ptgr`s sikpîtimns
pr`bnebcigenr`s
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
Qëns nsm`ed`et`s
Cns s`buedns e`urgens dne grib`e n tr`s lnm`s nsm`ed`et`s mgetrncnt`rnc`s: `c
e`g`spiegtncîkimg y `c pnc`g`spiegtncîkimg, qu` mgeagrkne cn vën `spiegtncîkimn, y `c
`spiegr`timucgtncîkimg. Cns aihrns mruzne `etr` `c `péedikg y cn mgkisurn bris net`rigr,
mrum` qu` pu`d` r`nciznrs` `e `c kiskg s`bk`etg k`ducnr g nsm`ed`r net`s d` lnm`rcg.
Ncbuegs nxge`s nsmi`ed`e `eagren ipsicnt`rnc y gtrgs cg lnm`e n trnvés d` cgs mgrdge`s
pgst`rigr`s
pgst`rigr
`s qu` mgedum`e aihrns prgpigm`ptivns d` tipg N, pnrn cu`bg mruznr n eiv`c d`c huchg
hu chg
y nsm`ed`r nc tîcnkg.
@stg pu`d` `xpcimnr ncbuegs d` cgs arnmnsgs d` témeimns nencbésimns, mgkg cn mgrdgtgkën
net`rg cnt`rnc (d`strummiýe d` cgs mrum`s d`smritgs). @c lnz e`g`spiegtncîkimg, qu` lnm`
sienpsis mge cgs eúmc`gs v`etrnc pgst`rigr y pýst`rgcnt`rnc d`c tîcnkg y d` nccë mge cn mgrt`zn
pnri`tnc, pnr`m` s`r ikpgrtnet` `e cn uhimnmiýe tgpgbrîaimn d`c dgcgr. @c lnz
pnc`g`spiegtncîkimg s` prgy`mtn `e agrkn hicnt`rnc n cgs eúmc`gs ie`sp`mëaimgs d`c tîcnkg y
cu`bg n zgens argetnc`s d` cn mgrt`zn, ndquiri`edg ikpgrtnemin `e cn `vncunmiýe muncitntivn
d`c dgcgr. @c lnz `spiegr`timucgtncîkimg lnm` sienpsis mge cn agrknmiýe r`timucnr n dia`r`et`s
eiv`c`s: huchg, prgtuh`rnemin, zgen k`s`em`aîcimn y sustnemin bris p`rinmu`dumtnc y d` nccë
`e agrkn hicnt`rnc lnmin
lnmi n cgs eúmc`gs ie`sp`mëaimgs d`c tîcnkg? n `st` lnz s` c` ntrihuy` knygr
ikpgrtnemin `e r`cnmiýe nc mgkpge`et` na`mtivg d`c dgcgr.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
Qëns d`sm`ed`et`s
D`sd` lnm` munr`etn nþgs s` mgegm` cn pgsihicidnd d` mgetrgcnr `c iebr`sg d` `stëkucgs
egmim`ptivgs d`sd` cns `strumturns m`etrnc`s. Cn `stikucnmiýe `cémtrimn d` cn zgen
p`rinmu`dumtnc g d`c eúmc`g d`c rna` huchnr, rimgs `e r`m`ptgr`s kgraëeimgs, prgvgmn
nencb`sin sie nct`rnmiýe kgtgrn, prghnhc`k`et` n trnvés d` uen vën ielihitgrin d`sm`ed`et`,
`c ansmëmucg dgrsg cnt`rnc. @xp`rik`etnck`et` s` pu`d` ght`e`r nencb`sin mge
kimrgiey`mmige`s d` kgraien `e `stns zgens. @stns vëns ielihitgrins d`sm`ed`et`s tnkhiée
pu`d`e s`r `stikucndns pgr `c dgcgr y `c `strés y prgvgmnr ncbuen kgducnmiýe n eiv`c
k`ducnr.
Kgducnmiýe
Kgducn
miýe y mge trgc d` dgcgr
Dgcgr vism`rnc
Kgducnmiýe k`ducnr
Ne ncb
ncb`s
`sin
in p
pr`v
r`v`et
`etiv
iv n y ne
nencb
ncb`si
`sin
n hn
hncne
cnem`nd
m`ndn.
n.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X Eº 8
>. Muîc`s sge cns mnrnmt`rëstimns
mnrnmt`rëstimns aësim ns d` cn mgrri`et` utic
uticizndn
izndn `e Igetgagr`sis7
8. D`smrihn
D`smrihn `c sis t`kn nen
nencbésimg
cbésimg d`c s`r lu
lukneg.
kneg.
=. ^u` `s vën na`r`et`7
4. Muîc `s `c prgm`sg d` cn nhsgrmiýe
nhsgrmiý e d` cgs ige`s y mu nc d` cn mimcg g
gxib`ensn.
xib`ensn.
0. ^u`
^u` `s cn su stnemin V7
1. D`smrihn
D`smrihn cns aihr
aihrns
ns M.
2. D`smri
D`smrihn
hn `c prik`r k`mneiskg d` mgetrg c d`c dgcg r.
<. D`smri
D`smrihn
hn `
`cc s`buedg k`mneiskg d
d`
` mgetrgc d
d`c
`c dgcgr
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # =
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: =
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: MGXXI@ET@ PCTXN X@IZ TXNH@XT
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N: ^PIETG ]@K@]TX@
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG =
MGXXI@ET@ PCTXN X@IZ TXNH@XT
D`aieimiýe.. - Mgrri`et` bncvîeimn iet`rrukpidn
D`aieimiýe
iet`rrukpidn d` uen durnmiýe d` ikpucsg d` 8ks`b. Y ue
iet`rvncg d` 0ks`b. Y qu` mgeti`e` uen ar`mu`emin d` >48 Lz.
@a`mtgs
@a`
mtgs d` cn mgrri`et`:
>. Mgetrnmmige`s kusmucnr`s.
8. X`dummiýe d`c dgcgr.
=. @stikucnmiýe d` cn mirmucnmiýe snebuëe`n.
Hns`s E`urgaisigcýbimns.
@s uen mgrri`et` qu` nmtún n eiv`c d`c mgkpge`et` egmim`ptivg (mgkpge`et` r`cnmigendg
ëetiknk`et` mge `c mgreus dgrsnc y pgr `ed` mge cgs prgm`sgs dgcgrgsgs) qu` `e
mgedimige`ss mrýeimns mursn mge prgm`sgs d` lip`rncb`
mgedimige`
lip`rncb`sin,
sin, lip`rpntin `tm.
Tnkhiée nmtún n eiv`c d`c mgkpge`et` trýaimg d`c s`r lukneg (mgkpge`et` r`cnmigendg
ëetiknk`et` mge `c mgreus cnt`rnc y pgr `ed` mge cgs prgm`sgs d` trnstgregs sikpîtimgs
r`ac`jgs) qu` nc ibunc qu` cn net`rigr s` v` nct`rndn `e mnsgs mrýeimgs y nbudgs.
Cn npcimnmiýe d` `stn mgrri`et` s` cn r`ncizn d` nmu`rdg n cgs d`rkntgkns mgrr`spgedi`et`s
d` mndn s`bk`etg kusmucnr. @stgs d`rkntgkns `stîe knp`ndgs n cg cnrbg d` cn mgcuken
v`rt`hrnc.
Témeimn d` trntnki`etg.
trntnki`etg .
]i s` qui`r` mges`buir ue `a`mtg nencbésimg `e ncbúe eiv`c mgrpgrnc s` d`h` uhimnr `c`
`c`mtrgdg e`bntivg `e `c mgkpge`et` egmim`ptivg y `c pgsitivg `e `c mgkpge`et` trýaimg.
]i pgr gtrg cndg s` qui`r` k`jgrnr `c acujg snebuëe`g `e ncbuen zgen mgrpgrnc s` uhimn `c
`c`mtrgdg nmtivg `e `c mgkpge`et` trýaimg y `c pgsitivg g disp`rsivg `e `c mgkpge`et`
egmim`ptivg.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X Eº =
>. Vnmi`et` hnsqu`thgcistn r`ai`r` qu` ti`e` dgcgr `e `c tghiccg nc snctnr, ti`e` ue net`m`d`et`
d` ue `sbuiem` d` lnm` = k`s`s.
n. @xpciqu`
@xpciqu ` pgr qu` rnzýe ti`e` dgcgr nc lnm`r su nmtivid
nmtividnd
nd aë
aësimn.
simn.
h. Iedi
Iediqu`
qu` qu` egkh
egkhr`
r` r`mih` `
`s`
s` dgcgr.
m. Iediq
Iediq u` cn dia`r`emin d` `stn mgrri`et` mge bncvneg pncpnmiýe.
pncp nmiýe.
8. Vnmi`et` mge kigsitis pgst trnukîtimn d`c snrtgrig d`r`mlg c` iedimne mgrri`et` Pctrn r`iz.
n. D`smrihn
D`smrihn cn npcimnmiýe qu` r`ncizn.
h. Mgkg kne`jn cn mgrri`et` pnrn k`jgrnr cn mirmucnmiý e snebuëe`n.
m. ^u` `s lip`rpntin .
=. Vnmi`et` mge Lnccux vncbg qu` prgdum` dgcgr iet`esg `e `c >`r d`dg d`c pi` d`r`mlg d`
lnm` = k`s`s d` `vgcumiýe c` iedimne r`nciznr npcimnmiýe d` mgrri`et` uctrn X`iz.
n. Mgkg
Mgkg r`ncizn cn npcimnmiýe s`bk`etnrin.
h. Mgkg k ne`jn cn dgsik`trën.
m. D`smri
D`smrihn
hn `c k`mn
k`mneisk
eisk g d` dgcg
dgcgrr qu` nmtivn.
4. Vnmi`et` mge `spgedicg nrtrgsis `e tgdn cn mgcuken v`rt`hrnc, c` iedimne qu` `c dgcgr s`
`emu`etrn `e tgdn cn mgcuken v`rt`hrnc `e agrkn diausn.
n. D`smrihn
D`smrihn ccn
n témeimn d` npcimnmiý
npcimnmiýe.
e.
h. Munc`s
Munc`s sge cns hns`s e`urgais igcýb
igcýbimns
imns d` `stn mgrri `et`.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # 4
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: =
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: DINDIENKIMN]
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N: ^PIETG ]@K@]TX@
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG 4
DINDIENKIMN]
D`aieimiýe.- Tnkhiée ccnkndns mgrri`et`s d` H`renrd, sge mgrri`et`s kgducndns nct`rens
sieusgidnc`s r`mtiaimndns kgegaîsimns g diaîsimns, d` hnjn ar`mu`emin `etr` 06 n >66 Lz.
Tipgs d` mgrri`et`s
mgrr i`et`s Din
Dindieîkimns.
dieîkimns.
DA ; Diaîsimn aijn.- Ar`mu`emin d` >66Lz durnmiýe d` ans` d` >6 kicis`buedgs, s` ghti`e`
pgr ue r`mtiaimndgr d` gedn mgkpc`tn.
KA ; Kgegaîsimn Aijn.- Trnhnjn mge uen ar`mu`emin d` 06 Lz Cn durnmiýe d` ans` `s d` >6
ks`b. Y cn pnusn d` >6ks`b. ]` ghti`e` n trnvés d` ue r`mtiaimndgr d` k`din gedn.
MV ; Mgrtgs V`rigdgs.- Mgkhienmiýe `etr` KA y DA nct`reîedgs` trns mndn s`buedg nc
ibunc qu` su ar`mu`emin.
MVid ; ]ikicnr n MV p`rg mu`etn mge ue >6% kns `e cn durnmiýe d` DA.
CV ; Cnrbgs V`rigdgs.- Mgkhienmiýe d` KA y DA nct`rendgs mndn 1 s`buedgs.
X] ; Xitkg ]iemgpndg.- @s uen agrkn d` KA mge ue s`buedg d` ti`kpg d` acujg,
iet`rrukpidg pgr pnusns d` ibunc durnmiýe.
]`esnmige`s d` cns agrkns d` gedn.
DA. ]` `xp`rik`etn pruritg déhic g s`esnmiýe d` lgrkibu`g.
KA. ]`esnmiýe d` vihrnmiýe, mgetrnmmige`s kusmucnr`s.
CV.. Mnkhig c`etg d` cns s`esnmige`s d` DA y KA
CV
MV. Mnkhig rîpidg d` cns s`esnmige`s
s`esnmige`s d` DA y KA.
MVid. Ëd`k qu` mge MV.
X]. Ëd`k qu` KA mge iet`rvncgs.
Tipgs d` `c`mtrgdgs:
>. @c`mtrgdgs d` pcnmn.
8. @c`mtrgdgs d` Mgpn.
=. @c`mtrgdgs nc Qnmëg.
Iedimnmige`s.
-
Npnrntg cgmgkgtgr.
Trnstgregs mirmucntgrigs.
-
Na`mmige`
Na`mmige`ss E`rvigs p`riaérimgs.
Trnstgregs e`urgv`b`tntivgs.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
Tipgs d` npcimnmiýe.
-
Trntnki`etg d` puetgs dgcgrgsgs.
Trntnki`etg d` e`rvigs.
Trntnki`etg bnebcigenr.
Tirnki`etg mirmucntgrig.
Trntnki`etg s`bk`etnrig.
Trntnki`etg trnesv`rsnc.
Trntnki`etg Kusmucnr.
Dgsik`trën.
-
Iet`esidnd. Vgr d`hnjg d`c ukhrnc dgcgrgsg.
Durnmiýe d` trntnki`etg. >6 kieutgs pgr kgducnmiýe.
Ar`mu`emin. @s d` >0 n 86 s`sige`s.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X
VN V@X Eº 4
>. Vnmi`et` mge sëedrgk` kiganminc d` trnp`migs qu` prgdum` iet`esg dgcgr
v`sp`rtieg, c` iedimne mgrri`et`s Dindieîkimns pnrn diskieuir `c dgcgr y `c `spnskg
kusmucnr prgdumid g pgr cn vnsgmgestrimmiýe `e `sn zzgen.
gen.
n) ^u` kgducnmige`s uticizn, `xpciqu` pnrn qu` c` sirv` mndn uen d` `ccns `e `c mundrg
mcëeimg k`emigendg.
h) Mgkg kne`jn su dgsik`trën.
m) D`smrihn y brnaiqu` cn npcimnmiýe qu` r`ncizn.
8. Vnmi`et`
Vnmi`et` mge mnusncb
mnusncbin
in d`r`mln n mges`mu`emin d` uen a rnmturn d` >/= iea`rigr d `
luk`rg d` lnm` 1 k
k`s`s,
`s`s, c` iedim ne qu` uticim ` mgrri`et`s d` H`renrd.
n) D`smrihn y brnaiqu` `c tipg d` npcimnmiýe qu` r`ncizn.
h) Iediqu` cns mnrnmt`rëstimns aësimns d` cn kgducnmiýe qu` vn n uticiznr.
m) Iediqu` mgkg s` ghti`e` cn kgducnmiýe qu` vn n uticiznr.
=. Vnmi`et` mge dgcgr iet`r `smnpucnr p`rkne`et` qu` c` ikpid` r`nciznr su trnhnjg
mge egrkncidn
egrkncidnd.
d.
n) Iediqu` cgs pnsgs pnrn r`nciznr cn témeimn d` d`t`mmiýe d` puetgs bnticcg y qu` kgducnmiýe
uticizn.
h) ^u` `s `c `a`mtg muhri`et`.
m) D`smrihn `c s`buedg k`mne
k`mneiskg
iskg d` mgetrgc d`c dgcgr.
4. Vnmi`et` mge dist`emiýe d` cibnk`etg cnt`rnc iet`reg d` rgdiccn d`r`mln mge
pr`dgk ieig d ` `
`d`kn
d`kn auednk`etnck`et`.
n) ^u` kgducnmige`s `sp`mëaimns uticizn Vgr qu`7
h) Iediqu` qu` kgducnmiýe `s cn qu` s` uticizn pnrn `c`mtrg bikensin y pru`hn d`
`xmitnhicidnd anrîdimn7 D`smrihn sus mnrnmt`rëst
mnrnmt`rëstimns
imns aësimns.
m) mgkg s` kne`jn cn pgcnridnd `e `c trntnki`etg d` e`rvigs.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # 0
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: =
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: MGXXI@ET@] T@E]
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N:
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG 0
T@E]
D`aieimiýe.- ]ge mgrri`et`s d` @stikucnmiýe Trnesmutîe`n d`c E`rvig, sge cns prik`rns d`c
tipg hiaîsimg d`rivndns d` cns mgrri`et`s bncvîeimns. Pticizndns pnrn pntgcgbëns qu` mursne
mge dgcgr.
Hnsndns `e `c mgem`ptg d` k`czno y Rncc –Cns aihrns d` nxýe bru`sg ielih`e n cns d` nxýe
d`cbndg.
TIVG]
T`es Mgev`emigenc.
@s uen mgrri`et` d` tipg hiaîsimn nsikétrimn d` ikpucsgs r`mtnebucnr`s nsikétrimgs eg
mgkp`esndgs.
Trnhnjn mge uen ar`mu`emin `etr` <6 n >66 Lz.
Pen durnmiýe d` ans` d` >06 Ps.
T`es pgr Hurts.
Mgrri`et` qu` s` pr`s`etn `e agrkn d` rîanbns d` ikpucsg g tr`e`s d` gedn.
Trnhnjn mge uen ar`mu`emin
ar`mu`emin d` > n 0 Lz si`edg cn id`nc d` 8 Lz.
Pen durnmiýe d` ans` d` >06 866 Ps.
Pen durnmiýe d` mndn tr`e d` 26 ks`b. Y uen pnusn d` 4=6 k`sb.
K`mneiskg
K`
mneiskg d` nmmiýe . -
cih`r nmiýe
@c t`es mgev`emigenc nmtivn `c prik`r k`mneiskg d` mgetrgc d`c dgcgr, prgdum` cn cih`rnmiýe
d` `em`anciens.
@c T`es pgr Hurts nmtivn `c s`buedg k`mneiskg d` mgetrgc d`c dgcgr prg `c eiv`c d`
iet`esidnd uticizndn.
]` mgesid`rn qu` `st` tipg d` T`es pu`d` d`s`emnd`enr cn cih`rnmiýe d` h`tn `edgraiens
pgr `c `a`mtg `xmitg kgtgr qu` pgs``.
Agrkns d` Npcimnmiýe.
n. Npcimnmiýe `e `c puetg d`c dgcgr.
h. Npcimnmiýe E`urgtrýpimn.
m. Npcimnmiýe ]`bk`etnc.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
d. Npcimnmiýe Qnsg trýpimn.
`. Npcimnmiýe Trnesr`bigenc.
a. Npcimnmiýe Kigbéeimn
Kigbéeimn..
]`esnmiýe d` cn mgrri`et`. - D`p`ed` d` cn iet`esidnd `c`bidn, d` cn ar`mu`emin d`
r`p`timiýe d` ikpucsgs y d` cn agrkn d` cn mgrri`et`, pnrn qu` s` iemr`k`et` nstn qu` cn
s`esnmiýe s`n mcnrn, p`rg eg dgcgrgsn, si durnet` `c trntnki`etg diskieuy` cn s`esnmiýe, s`
pu`d` iemr`k`etnr cn iet`esidnd lnstn qu` s`n eu`vnk`et` p`rm`ptihc`.
Cn s`esnmiýe `s d` cib`rg mgsquicc`g g d` vihrnmiýe pnrn `c T`es mgev`emigenc, `e mnkhig
pnrn `c T`es pgr Hurts d`h` prgdumirs` mgetrnmmige`s kusmucnr`s.
Durnmiýe d`c trntnki`etg.- Gsmicn `etr` =6 n >86 kieutgs pgr npcimnmiýe p`rg `e kumlgs
pnës`s lgy `e dën s` pr`ai`r` uticiznr d` >8 n 84 lgrns.
DG]IK@TXIN .
>. Ar`mu`emin.- @c t`es mgev`emigenc trnhnjn mge uen ar`mu`emin d` <6 Lz. @c T`es pgr
rîanbns trnhnjn mge uen ar`mu`emin d` 8 Lz.
8. Iet`esidnd.- @c T`es mgev`emigenc cn iet`esidnd d`h` `stnr pgr d`hnjg d`c ukhrnc
dgcgrgsg. @e `c T`es pgr rîanbns s` d`h` ncmneznr mge cn iet`esidnd `c eiv`c `xmitg kgtgr.
=. Ti`kp
Ti`kpg.g.- @c ti`kpg `s d` =6 kieutgs n > lgrn.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X Eº 0
>. Vnmi`
Vnmi`et`
et` mge e`uritis ie t`rmgstnc n eiv`c d` Q
QII
II mgst iccn cndg d`r`mlg mge
iet`esg dg cgr: c` iedi
iedimne
mne @stikucnmiý
@stikucnmiýe
e Trn
Trnesmu
esmutîe`n
tîe`n @cémtrimn d`c E
E`rvig.
`rvig.
n. D`smrihn
cn npcimnmiýe
qu` r`ncizn
y `c egkhr`
`stn. `stikucnmiýe `e `c eiv`c
h.
Mgkg kne`jn
cn dgsik`trën
d`c T@E]
si qui`r`d`prgdumir
dgcgrgsg.
m. @xpciqu` `e qu` mgesist` `c `a`mtg d` distrnmmiýe d`c T@E].
8.
Vnmi`et`
Vnmi`et` mge gst`gsnrmgkn `e aékur qu` mgkpr
mgkprik`
ik` `c e`rvig miîtimg
prgdumi`edg dg cgr iet`esg d`sd` su grib`e y `e tgd g su r`mgrridg . C` iedimne
qu` uticim`
utic im` uen mgrri`et ` qu` eg t`ebn mget rniedimnmiýe
rniedimnmiý e pnrn `stn pntgcgb
pntgcgbën
ën..
n. D`smrihn y brnaiqu` `c tipg d` npcimnmiýe qu` r`ncizn.
h. D`smrihn cns mnrnmt`rëstimns aësimns d`c tipg Hurts.
m. Mgkg kne`jn su dgsik`trën pnrn mges`buir uen `stikucnmiýe hr`v` ` iet`esn.
=. Vnmi`et` mge e`urncbin d`c tribékieg mg
mge
e iet`esg dg
dgcgr
cgr `e l`kimnrn d`r`mln.
C` iedimne npcimnmiýe d`c t`es mundripgcnr.
n. N qué eiv`c nentýkimg mgcgmn sus muntrg `c`mtrgd
`c`mtrgdgs.
gs.
h. D`smrihn cns mnrnmt`rëstimns aësimns d`c T@E] mgev`emigenc y pgr qué ti`e` `s`
trnzndg.
m. mgkg kne`jn su dgsik`trën si qui`r`
qui`r ` qu` `c t`es prgduzmn `stikucnmiýe
`stikucnm iýe `e `c eiv`c
s`esihc`.
4. Vnmi`et`
Vnmi`et` mge l`rein d` dismg M0 ” M1 qu` prgdu
prgdum`
m` dgcgr i rrndindg n ki`khrg
sup`rigrr d`r`mlg `e su d`rkntgkn M1
sup`rig
M1..
n. D`smrihn y brnaiqu` mgkg mgcgmn sus `c`mtrgdgs.
h. ]i ust`d uticizn t`es mgev`emigenc, d`smrihn `c eiv`c d`c mgetrgc d`c dgcgr qu` nmtivn.
m. Iediqu` mgkg kne`jn
kne`jn su dgsik`trë
dgsik`trënn pgr `stikucnmiýe pgr rî
rîanbns.
anbns.
0. Vnmi`et` qu` r`mih` T
T@E
@E]
] pgr s`r pgrtndgr d` uen kigsiti
kigsitiss `e d`ctgid`s?
durnet` su npcimnmiýe
npc imnmiýe s ` ghs`rvn qu` `xist` vnrinmige`s `e cn s`þnc d` sncid
sncid n.
n. Iediqu` cns pgsihicidnd`s n qu` s` pu`d` d`h`r `stn nct`rnmiýe.
h. Iediqu` cns mgetrniedimnmige`s d` `stn mgrri`et`.
m. Iediqu` qu` `s cn iet`ra`r`e
iet`ra`r`emin
min `c`mtrgknbeétimn
`c`mtrgknbeétimn..
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # 1
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: 4
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: MGXXI@ET@] IET@XA@X@EMINC@]
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N:
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG 1
MGXXI@ET@] IET@XA@X@EMINC@]
D`aieimiýe.- @s `c a`eýk`eg qu` gmurr` nc npcimnr dgs g kîs gsmicnmige`s sikuctîe`ns nc
kiskg puetg g s`ri` d` puetgs d` ue k`dig.
@e `st` tipg d` t`rnpin s` usne dgs mgrri`et`s nct`rens d` ar`mu`emin k`din qu`
iet`rnmmigene `etr` si, uen nmtún mge uen ar`mu`emin d` 4666Lz. Ki`etrns qu` cn gtrn s`
njustn `etr` 4666Lz n 4806. @stn sup`rpgsimiýe d` uen mgrri`et` nct`ren sghr` gtrn s`
d`egkien IET@XA@X@EMIN.
AX@MP@EMIN
AX@MP
@EMIN D@ KGDP
KGDPCN
CNMIGE
MIGE D@ CN N KVCITPD.
@s cn ar`mu`emin mge qu` vnrën cn nkpcitud y s` d`egkien NKA qu` sibeiaimn Ar`mu`emin d`
kgducnmiýe d` cn Nkpcitud. @e t`rnpin iet`ra`r`eminc vi`e` n s`r cn ar`mu`emin d` trntnki`etg
qu` ti`e` sikicitud mge cns ar`mu`emins usndns pnrn `c`mtrgt`rnpin d` hnjn ar`mu`emin. ]u
mîcmucg s` r`ncizn d` cn sibui`et` kne`rn:
NKA ; A> ” A8
VXGAPEDIDND
VXGAP
EDIDND D@ CN KGDPCN
KGDPCNMIÝE.
MIÝE.
]u nhr`vinmiýe `s K y s` `xpr`sn mgkg ue pgrm`etnj` qu` pu`d` vnrinr d` 6 n >66% n
trnvés d` `st` pnrîk`trg d`t`rkie
d`t`rkienr`kgs
nr`kgs cn iet`esidnd d` cn mgrri`et`.
KGDPCNMIGE D@ CN NKVCIPD.
N KVCIPD.
]` mnrnmt`rizn pgr `stnr agrkndg pgr cn ar`mu`emin d` cn kgducnmiýe y pgr cn Vrgauedidnd
d` cn Kgducnmiýe.
K@TGDG] D@ NVCIMNMIÝE MGE MGXXI@ET@] IET@XA@X@EMINC@].
]ge dgs:
K@TGDG D@ DG] VGCG].- Mgegmidg tnkhiée mgkg hipgcnr, `e `st` kétgdg s` `kpc`ne
dgs pgcgs dged` cns dgs mgrri`et`s nct`rens s` sup`rpge`e d`etrg d`c npnrntg pnrn qu` cn
s`þnc qu` sncbn d`c `quipg `st` kgducndn. @e `st` kétgdg cn prgauedidnd
prgau edidnd d` cn kgducnmiýe
`e `c t`jidg ti`e` `c kiskg vncgr `e tgdns cns dir`mmige`s qu` `s `c >66%. Cn nkpcitud g
ar`mu`emin `s knygr `e cn dir`mmiýe qu` ue` cgs dgs `c`mtrgdgs y ti`e` ue vncgr d` 6 `e cn
dir`mmiýe p`rp`edimucnr n `sn cëe`n.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
K@TGDG D@ MPNTXG VGCG].- Mgegmidg tnkhiée mgkg mundripgcnr, pnrn `st` kétgdg
s` uticizne muntrg pgcgs y`c npnrtg sukieistrn dgs mgrri`et`s nct`rens eg kgducndns `e
mirmuitgs s`pnrndgs: munedg `stns mgrri`et`s s` sup`rpge`e `e `c t`jidg gmurr` cn
iet`ra`r`emin. Cn prgauedidnd d` cn kgducnmiýe d`p`ed` d` cn dir`mmiýe d` cns mgrri`et`s y
pu`d`e vnrinr d` 6 n >66% y s`rî d`c >66% `e `c v`mtgr r`suctnet`
r`suctne t` dinbgenc d` 40% munedg
cgs mirmuitgs s` mgrt`e `e ue îebucg d` 96brndgs.
@A@MTG] D@ VXGAPEDIDND D@ CN MGXXI@ET@ IET@XA@[email protected] Vgr `c nuk`etg
d` cn ar`mu`emin s` pr`s`etne cgs sibui`et`s `a`mtgs.
Nus`emin d` cgs `a`mtgs bncvîeimgs.
Diskieumiýe d` cn r`sist`emin d` cn pi`c, t`jidg m`cucnr suhmutîe`g
suhmutîe`g y kusmucg.
K`jgrn cn mgedumtividnd d` cn mgrri`et` `e c6s t`jidgs.
K`jgr `a`mtg `e t`jidgs prgauedgs.
@smnsn nmmiýe sghr` cn pi`c.
VXGVI@D
VXGV
I@DND@]
ND@] AI]
AI]IGCÝB
IGCÝBIMN].IMN].- ]ge ccns
ns s ibu i`et`s:
-
Diskieumiýe d` dg
dgcgr
cgr qu` s` mg
mgesibu`
esibu` ``stikucnedg
stikucnedg cgs tr`s eiv`c`s dd`` mgetr
mgetrgc
gc d`c
dgcgr.
-
Egrknciznm
Egrknciznmiýe
iýe d`c hncnem` e`urgv`b`tntivg.
-
K`jgrn cn mirmucnmi
mirmucnmiýe
ýe snebuëe`n.
A@EÝK@EG D@ NMGKGDNMIÝE.
]` ghs`rvn qu` nc trnesmurrir cn npcimnmiýe
npci mnmiýe d` cn mgrri`et`, `c pnmi`et` iedimn qu` yn eg si`et`
endn g n diskieuidg cn iet`esidnd, `st` prgm`sg s` d`h` n qu` cgs r`m`ptgr`s `stikucndgs
pnsne ieagrknmiýe sghr` cgs mnkhigs `xt`regs `e ue brndg mndn v` k`egr. Vnrn `vitnr cn
nmgkgdnmiýee s` pu`d` r`nciznr:
nmgkgdnmiý
-
Iemr`k`etg d` cn iet`esidnd d` cn mgrri`et`.
-
Qnrinmiýe d` cn ar`mu`emin n trnvés d`c `sp`mtrg.
TIVG] D@ @C@MTXGDG].
]` ti`e` cgs sibui`et`s `c`mtrgdgs:
>. @c`mtrgdgs d` pcnmn.
8. @c`mtrgdgs d` nckglndiccn.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
=. @c`mtrgdgs d` bunet`.
4. @c`mtrgdgs d` dismg.
@C@MMIÝE D@ CN NKA.
Vu`d` njustnrs` d` nmu`rdg n cn brnv`dnd, enturnc`zn, `stndig d`c trnstgreg.
NKA nctn d` 20 n >06 Lz mnsgs nbudgs.
NKA hnjn d` 80 n 20 Lz mnsgs suh nbudgs y mrýeimgs. Nd`kîs d` `c`mtrg bikensin.
@C@MMIGE D@C @]V@MTXG.
@sp`mtrg nkpcig mnsgs suh nbudgs y mrýeimgs.
@sp`mtrg `str`mlg y NKA hnjn nbudgs y mrýeimgs.
@C@MMIÝE D@ CG] VXGBXNKN].
Vrik`r Vrgbrnkn. ]` uticizn pnrn mnsgs mrýeimgs y `c`mtrg bikensin.
]`buedg prgbrnkn
prgbrnkn ]` uticizn pnrn mnsgs mrýeimgs y nbudgs.
T`rm`r prgbrnkn. ]` uticizn pnrn mnsgs nbudgs y s`rî e`m`snrig nuk`
nuk`etnr
etnr cn iet`esidn
iet`esidnd.
d.
@C@MMMIÝE D@ CN DG]I].
Cn dgsis `stn r`cnmigendn mge cn iet`esidnd y `stn s`rî d` :
Dgsis kitis. ]`esnmiýe d` cn mgrri`et` këeikn.
Dgsis egrknc. ]`esnmiýe d` cn mgrri`et` Ghvin.
Dgsis agrtis. ]`esnmiýe d` cn mgrri`et` np`en
np`enss tgc`rnhc`.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X Eº 1
>. Vnmi`et`
Vnmi`et` mge acac`xg
`xg d` rgdi
rgdiccn
ccn d` 26 brn
brndgs
dgs n mges`mu`emin d` uen arnmturn d`
aékur.
n. Iediqu` `e qu` kúsmucgs r`ncizn cn témeimn d` `cgebnmiýe, d`smrëhncn.
h. Mgkg kne`jn su dgsik`trën.
m. D`smrihn `c mgkpge`et` mgetrîmtic y `c mgkpge`et` eg mgetrîmtic d` ue kúsmucg.
8. Vnmi`
Vnmi`et`
et` mge `spgedicgs is dg rsg cu khnr mge ie t`esg `spn
`spnskg
skg kus mucnr n eiv`c
`smnpucnr qu`
qu ` na`
na`mtn
mtn nkhgs kúsmu
kúsmucgs
cgs p nrn v`rt`hrnc`s d` T= n T
T2.
2.
n. D`smrihn cn témeimn d` npcimnmiýe hipgcnr.
h. Brnaiqu` cgs tr`s prgbrnkns.
m. Mgkg kne`jn su dgsik`trën pnrn ght`e`r r`cnjnmiýe kusmucnr.
=. Vnmi`et`
Vnmi`et` mge nrtrgs is d` mnd`rn mge dgcgr n eiv `c d`c bcút`g d`r`mlg.
n. D`smrihn cn témeimn mundripgcnr.
h. D`smrihn mgkg kne`jn cn dgsik`trën.
m. K`emige` cns mgetrniedimnmige`s d` `stn mgrri`et`.
4. Vnmi`et` mge sëedrgk` kiganminc d` trnp`mig d`r`mlg mg e puet g bnticcg `e `sn
zgen.
n. Iediqu` qu` `c`mtrgdgs uticizn pnrn t`e`r knygr `a`mtg.
h. Mgkg kne`jn cn dgsik`trën pnrn k`jgrnr cn mirmucnmiýe.
m. ^u` lnm` pnrn `vitnr cn nmgkgdnmiýe kusmucnr d` `stn mgrri`et`.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # 2
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: 0
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: MGXXI@ET@] D@ @]TIKPCNMIÝE XP]N - OGTZ
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N:
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG 2
MGXXI@ET@] D@ @]TIKPCNMIÝE XP]N ” OGTZ
@c ghj`tivg d` `stn mgrri`et` `s cn pgt`eminmiýe kusmucnr iet`esn r`dumi`edg `e cg pgsihc`
cns kgc`stins s`esitivns `e `c pnmi`et` g d`pgrtistn. Dndn cn mgeausiýe qu` s` kneti`e`
sghr` `stn mgrri`et`, k`r`m` uen hr`v` nmcnrnmiýe.
Cgs kétgdgs mcîsimgs d` pgt`eminmiýe kusmucnr mge `c npgyg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin s` hnsne
`e cns mgrri`et`s anrîdimns, cns munc`s pgs``e pgcnridnd `cémtrimn y cgs pucsgs sge hnstnet`
cnrbgs. @stns mgedimige`s prgvgmne `e `c pnmi`et` kgc`stins s`esitivns munedg
pr`t`ed`kgs mgetrnmmige`s kusmucnr`s pgt`et`s, pgr `c`vnr cn iet`esidnd d` agrkn
mgesid`rnhc`.
@c trnhnjg kusmucnr, d`stiendg n pgt`eminmiýe ikpgrtnet`, d`h`kgs mges`buircg k`dinet`
trnhnjg nmtivg vgcuetnrig r`agrzndg mge tr`e`s d` `c`mtrg`stikucnmiýe. N pnrtir d` `s`
kgk`etg, cgs `quipgs d` k`din ar`mu`emin ti`e`e qu` npgrtnr mnkhigs `e `c dis`þg
diribidgs n cn agrknmiýe d` tr`e`s, tnc`s mgkg:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Kgducnmiýe d`etrg d`c `quipg, `s d`mir, npcimnmige`s hipgcnr`s d` ueg g d` nkhgs
mirmuitgs
Mges`buir kgducnmige`s mundrnebucnr`s kîs `aimnm`s qu` cns sieusgidnc`s,
p`rkiti`edg ue ti`kpg d` sic`emig `cémtrimg
`cémtrim g g r`pgsg `etr` kgducnmiýe y kgducnmiýe,
kuy nd`mundn pnrn r`sp`tnr cn aisigcgbën d`c p`rëgdg r`arnmtnrig `e cn k`khrnen d`
cn mécucn kusmucnr y e`rvigsn.
Cn mgrri`et` pgrtndgrn mget`eidn d`etrg d` cns kgducnmige`s s` `stnhc`m` `e 8066
Lz mgkg k`din. Vu`d`e usnrs` 4666 g kîs, p`rg munetg knygr s`n, kîs iet`esidnd
s` r`qu`rirî. Cgs `quipgs d` úctikn b`e`rnmiýe p`rkit`e njustnr y `c`bir `etr` 8666
y >6666 Lz.
Vgd`r r`bucnr cn ar`mu`emin d` cns kgducnmige`s `etr` 46 y >66 Lz pnrn ndnptnrs
ndnptnrs`
`
n cgs distietgs tipgs d` aihrns kusmucnr`
kusmucnr`s,
s, c`etns y rîpidns.
Vgd`r r`bucnr, d`etrg d` cn kiskn ar`mu`emin, cn rnzýe `xist`et` `etr` `c ti`kpg d`
cn kgducnmiýe y su r`pgsg pnrn
pnrn ndnptnrs` n aihrns rîpidns g c`etns, cn tgc`rnemin d`c
pnmi`et` g knygr g k`egr iet`esidnd.
^u` dimlns kgducnmige`s s` nbrup`e `e tr`e`s y pnusns mge distietgs ti`kpgs
(d`sd` tr`e`s d` 6,0 n =6 s y pnusns d` 6,0 n 16 s). Nd`kîs, s` r`bucnrîe cns
rnkpns d` suhidn y hnjndn (auednk`etnck`et`, cn d` suhidn), pnrn qu` `c `sau`rzg
ncmnem` su kîxikg d` agrkn prgbr`sivn g hrusmn? cns rnkpns pu`d`e gsmicnr `etr`
6 y 8 s.
Cn npcimnmiýe iet`emigendn mgesist` `e cn nmtivnmiýe d`c tr`e d` agrkn vgcuetnrin k`dinet`
ue pucsndgr qu` ncbuegs `quipgs pgs``e, pnrn d`s`emnd`enr cn sncidn d` cn mgrri`et`
durnet` ue ti`kpg prgbrnkndg g ki`etrns s` kneti`e` pucsndg `c iet`rruptgr (k`jgr `stn
s`buedn).
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
Vgt`eminmiýe iet`emigendn
Cgs tr`e`s d`h`e s`r hnstnet` cnrbgs ` iet`esgs (knygr`s d` >6 s`buedgs) tnetg mge
anrîdimns kgegaîsimns
kgegaîsimns mgkg mge hiaîsimns g mge cn `stikucnmiýe rusn (mgrri`et` d` Ogts).
@stn mgrri`et` d` Ogts s` prghý mge cgs d`pgrtistns d` lnct`rgaicin pr`t`edi`edg r`mcutnr nc
`sau`rzg vgcuetnrig `c kîxikg pgrm`etnj` pgsihc` d` aihrns kgtgrns. Cýbimnk`et`, `st`
mgetrgc d`h` r`nciznrs` d` agrkn kneunc pnrn nd`munrs` nc ti`kpg qu` `c d`pgrtistn pu`d`
knet`e`rcg, `e cubnr d` qu` `c d`pgrtistn nd`mu` su `sau`rzg n ue ti`kpg prgbrnkndg `e
`c `stikucndgr, núe n p`snr d` qu` ést` eg s`n mnpnz d` knet`e`rcg.
Vgt`eminmiýe iet`emigendn mgetrn r`sist`emin
D`rivndg d` cgs r`qu`riki`etgs n kîxikg r`ediki`etg `e `c kuedg d`c d`pgrt`, npnr`m`e
e`m`sidnd`s d` kne`jnr iet`esidnd`s nctns, p`rg:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
^u` eg dnþ`e cgs t`jidgs
^u` eg prgduzmne qu`kndurns hnjg cgs `c`mtrgdgs
^u` r`suct`e sgpgrtnhc`s Vgr `ccg s` pi`esn `e cns kgducnmige`s d` k`din
ar`mu`emin pgr:
Neucnrs` `e `ccns `c mgkpge`et` bncvîeimg
Vgr knc`stnr pgmg nc pnmi`et`
Vgr ncmneznr prgauedidnd`s ikpgrtnet`s
Vgr ndkitir p`ra`mtnk`et` brned`s `c`mtrgdgs ` ievndir nkpcins knsns kusmucnr`s.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
Vnrn `vitnr qu` cn mgrri`et` r`duzmn su d`snbrndnhc` s`esnmiýe d` mncnkhr` `cémtrimg
dgcgrgsg, Ogts husmý cn nct`rentivn d` npcimnr k`din ar`mu`emin (8.066 Lz) `e kgducnmige`s
g pucsgs qu` mgkpge`e cn hnjn y útic (gribienrink`et` n 06 Lz) p`rg qu` pgd`kgs
r`bucnr d`sd` 6 lnstn >66 Lz), si`ed
si`edgg cn d` <6 Lz kuy mnrnmt`rëstimn pnrn `st` tipg
tipg d`
pgt`eminmiýe, yn qu` `e priemipig, s` trntn d` trnhnjnr s`c`mtivnk`et` cn aihrn rîpidn. @e
mnsgs `e cgs qu` husqu`kgs gtrns aihrns kusmucnr`s g e`rvigsns, r`bucnr`kgs `c `quipg n
cn
ar`mu`emin
kiskg, si cn
egs
lnccnkgs nnet`
pnmi`et` qu`
mge cn
na`mtndn
pgr d`s`ndn.
pntgcgbën, Nsë
r`dumir`kgs
ar`mu`emin
cgs ue
pnrîk`trgs
egskusmucnturn
iediqu` cn
pr`vin `xpcgrnmiýe
`xpcgrnmiýe mge cns murvns (I/T).
Gtrn mnrnmt`rëstimn auednk`etnc qu` pgs`` `stn kgdncidnd d` mgrri`et`, mgesist` `e qu` cn
kgducnmiýe d` cgs pucsgs ti`e` qu` s`r mundrnebucnr, pnrn p`rkitir r`pgsgs mcnrgs `etr`
pucsgs y r`sp`tnr `c p`rëgdg r`arnmtnrig d` cn k`khrnen. Eg sirv`e cns kgducnmige`s
sieusgidnc`s d` cns iet`ra`r`
iet`ra`r`eminc`s
eminc`s mcîsimns.
Tnkhiée d`h`kgs r`sp`tnr `c p`rëgdg r`arnmtnrig d` cn k`khrnen mr`nedg suaimi`et`
r`pgsg `etr` cgs pucsgs g kgducnmige`s, pgr cg k`egs uen rnzýe d` >:4? uen rnzýe k`egr
ievnd` `e `xm`sg `c r`pgsg.
@squ`kn hîsimg d` cn mgrri`et` d` Ogts
@stn mgrri`et` r`qui`r` d` npcimnmige`s muidndgsns y prud`et`s, mge `c`mtrgdgs nkpcigs
pnrn
mges`buir
r`spu`stn
d` brned`s
cn iet`esidnd
cg kîxikg
pgsihc`
p`rg siecnri`sbgs
d` mncnkhr`s
g knsns
rgturnskusmucnr`s,
kusmucnr`s,r`bucnr
pr`s`emin
d`c aisigt`rnp`utn
`e
tgdg kgk`etg, mgetrgc vgcuetnrig g iet`emigendg d`c ti`kpg d` cn s`siýe y d` cgs tr`e`s,
nt`emiýe d`c aisigt`rnp`utn net` muncqui`r sibeg d` qu`jn g ncnrkn pgr pnrt` d`c pnmi`et`.
@s uen témeimn kuy iet`r`snet
iet`r`snet`
` p`rg r`qui`r` `xp`ri`emin y k`digs témeimgs. Vgmgs sge cgs
`quipgs qu` r`nck`et` sge mnpnm`s d` b`e`rnr cns v`rdnd`rns mgrri`et`s d` Ogts mge
mnpnmidnd d` kgdiaimnr sus pnrîk`trgs, nuequ` sus mnrnmt`rëstimns cg iediqu`e mgkg tnc.
Mndn prga`sigenc d`h` npcimnr cgs pnrîk`trgs qu` mgesid`r` gpgrtuegs si`kpr`
si`kp r` qu` dgkie`
`c `quipg `stikucndgr, cn témeimn, `c `stndg d`c pnmi`et`, uen `xpcgrnmiýe nd`mundn y
suaimi`et` `xp`ri`emin p`rsgenc. @s auednk`etnc t`e`r `e mu`etn cn ar`mu`emin d`
kgducnmiýe
`e cn mgrri`et`
pnrn trnhnjnr
mge cn pr`misiýe
d`s`ndn sghr` kusmucnturn c`etn,
rîpidn g cn ar`mu`emin
nd`mundn
`e `s` pr`misg
mnsg y kgk`etg.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
D` nmu`rdg n cg yn `xpu`stg snh`kgs qu` `st` tipg d` mgrri`et` egs nyudn pnrn r`nciznr
mgetrnmmige`s sie kumlg dgcgr y pgmg nbr`sivn pgr k`dig d` cn `c`mtrg`stikucnmiýe, p`rg n
cn v`z egs nyudn d` ibunc kne`rn n cn `cgebnmiýe d` cgs kúsmucgs, sikuctîe`nk`et` nc
trnhnjg nmtivg mgetrn kîxikn r`sist`emin. Cn r`sist`emin npcimndn pu`d` lnm`rs` d` agrkn
kneunc g nprgv`mlnedg cn brnv`dnd y p`sg d`c prgpig pnmi`et`.
Cgs kúsmucgs n `cgebnr s` c`s lnrî trnhnjnr:
@e ncnrbnki`etg kîxikg
Mgetrn r`sist`emin kîxikn
@e mgetrnmmiý
mgetrnmmiýee isgkétrimn mgeméetrimn
Q`nkgs ue `j`kpcg:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
]` mgcgmnrîe cgs `c`mtrgdgs `e cn agrkn qu` mgesid`r`kgs k`jgr pnrn uen r`spu`stn
cgs kîs bcghnc y mgkpc`tn d`c brupg kusmucnr n `stikucnr (npcimnmiýe kuctipgcnr g
hipgcnr kuy nkpcin)
@e cn kîquien s`c`mmigenr`kgs mgrri`et`s mge ar`mu`emin nd`mundn pnrn `c mnsg,
tr`e`s mge ar`mu`emin `etr` 10 n <6 Lz, d` npcimnmiýe iet`emigendn mge ue pucsndgr
`e cn kneg d`c pnmi`et` u gtrn t`rm`rn p`rsgen qu` nyud`.
]` r`bucn cn iet`esidnd mge uen g vnrins npcimnmige`s
npcimnmige `s d` pru`hn qu` mgesibne hu`en
r`spu`stn sie pgsihicidnd`s d` dnþgs g kgc`stins nc pnmi`et`. ]itunkgs n ést` y cn
zgen n trntnr `e cn pgsimiýe nd`mundn, `e `st` mnsg, cgs kúsmucgs `stikucndgs pnrn
mgetrnmmiýe `e ncnrbnki`etg kîxikg (isquigtihinc`s).
]` c` npcimn cn aijnmiýe kneunc, qu` s` mgev`rtirî `e r`sist`emin, pgr pnrt` d`c
aisigt`rnp`utn g d`c prgpig pnmi`et`.
]` c` dn cn grd`e d` knet`e`r cn t`esiýe y mgetrnmmiýe mgetrn cn r`sist`emin npcimnd
npcimndn.
n.
Iek`dintnk`et` d`spués d`c ieimig d` cn mgetrnmmiýe nmtivn, s` pucsn `c knedg pnrn
knet`e`rcg lnstn cn antibn d`c pnmi`et`. ]` kneti`e` cn r`sist`emin y s` iesist` nc
pnmi`et` pnrn qu` eg m`dn `e `c `sau`rzg g s` d`smggrdie`.
Vnsndgs uegs >6 s d` `sau`rzg `e mgetrnmmiýe isgkétrimn g antibn d`c pnmi`et`,
dnkgs cn grd`e d` r`tirnr `c `stëkucg `cémtrimg ` iek`dintnk`et` s` m`d` `e `c
`sau`rzg nmtivg mgetrn r`sist`emin.
D`jnkgs ue ti`kpg d` d`smnesg, dgs v`m`s sup`rigr nc trnhnjndg, pnrn ieiminr d`
eu`vg cn kneighrn ue këeikg d` tr`s v`m`s.
Mge éstn témeimn npr`minr`kgs r`spu`stns ikpgrtnet`s `e cn cgebitud d` cns `strumturns
`cgebndns, sghr` tgdg, si s` lnccne sgk`tidns n prgm`sgs d` aihrgsis r`mi`et`s mge
ndl`r`emin pgmg `stnhc`midns, bnenedg ikpgrtnet`s trnkgs nrtimucnr`s qu`, d` gtrn agrkn,
sge kîs diaëmic`s. Nd`kîs éstn témeimn `s r`mgk`edndn si`kpr` qu` d`s``kgs bnenr
nkpcitud nrtimucnr y `c ar`eg s` lncc` au`rn d` cn nrtimucnmiýe. Tnc v`z, d`etrg d` cn
nrtimucnmiýe, pgdnkgs mges`buir qu` m`dne `strumturns aihrýtimns si éstns sge r`mi`et`s g
s` `stîe iestnurnedg `e `sgs kgk`etgs, p`rg si cns aihrgsis sge airk`s y pgt`et`s, n eg s`r
qu` r`suct`e d`sbnrrndns pgr npcimnmiýe d` au`rzns nmtivns g pnsivns (endn r`mgk`ednhc`)
sghr` cn nrtimucnmiýe, eg mges`buir`kgs r`suctndgs sntisanmtgrigs.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
@s lnhitunc qu` d`spués d` `stn témeimn cgs pnmi`et`s kneiai`st`e nbuj`tns g
dgcgr`s `e cn knsn kusmucnr `e `c trnesmursg d` dgs n tr`s dëns, s`burnk`et`
d`hidgs n kimrgc`sige`s r`pnrtidns pgr tgdn cn knsn kusmucnr trntndn g nccë dged`
kîs `strés tuvg qu` sgpgrtnr su t`jidg kigansminc
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X Eº 2
>. ·Muîc`s
·Muîc`s sge gt rns mgrri`et `s qu` ti`e`
ti`e`e
e `c kis kg gh
ghj`tivg
j`tivg qu
qu`
` cns mgrri`et`s
d` Ogtz7
8. K`
K`emige`
emige` cgs kúsmucgs aîsmimgs y týeimgs d `c mu`
mu`rpg.
rpg.
=. ·^ué
·^ué `
`ss cn t`rnpin mgkh iendn mge m grri`et`s Xusns7
4. ·Muîc cn dgsik`trën y muîc cn npcimnmiýe d` cns mgrri`et`s rusns si qui`rg
iemr`k`etnr
iemr
`k`etnr cn au`rzn kusmucnr `e ki pnmi`et` n eiv`c d` muîdrim`ps a`kgrnc7
0. Dihuj` cn mgrr`mtn npcimnmiýe d` cgs `c`mtrgdgs `e 0 distietns r`bige`s
nentýkimns. (Pd. `cib`).
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # <
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: =
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: MGXXI@ET@] D@ @]TIKPCNMIÝE E@PXGKP]MPCNX
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N:
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG <
MGXXI@ET@] D@ @]TIKPCNMIÝE E@PXGKP]MPCNX
@C@MTXG@]TIKPCNMIGE.- Témeimn pnrn c`sige`s d` e`rvigs, uticizîedgs` mgrri`et`s d`
dia`r`et`s pucsgs y pnusns qu` s` d`egkiene mgrri`et`s `stikucnet`s mge cn mnrnmt`rëstimn
qu` s` r`ncizn n eiv`c d` puetgs kgtgr`s d` ue d`t`rkiendg e`rvig g kúsmucg. Vnrn su
r`nciznmiýe pr`misnk`et`
pr`misnk`et` s` d`h`rî r`nciznr ue @c`mtrgdinbeýstimg. @c ghj`tivg dd`` cn `c`mtrg
`stikucnmiýe `s `c d` knet`e`r nc kúsmucg nptg g `e hu`ens mgedimige`s pnrn munedg s`
prgduzmn cn r` ie`rvnmiýe d` dimlg kúsmucg.
@C@MTXGBIKEN]IN.- Témeimn uticizndn n eiv`c d` cn aisigt`rnpin qu` s` r`ncizn `e
kúsmucgs snegs, uticizîedgs` mgrri`et`s `stikucnet`s `a`mtivns, pnrn cgbrnr k`jgrnr g
knet`e`r `c tgeg d`c kúsmucg.
@stn témeimn egs sirv` `e agrkn gptikn pnrn k`jgrnr `c trgaëskg kusmucnr, `c munc s` pu`d`
mges`buir mge cn témeimn d` t`rnpin mgkhiendn.
VPETG KGTGX.- Ccnkndg tnkhiée puetg `xmitg kgtgr g puetg `xmitnhc` d` @rh. ]ge
nqu`ccgs qu` s` `emu`etrne sghr` ue kúsmucg dged` cn mgetrnmmiýe d` `st` pu`d` s`r
d`s`emnd`endn pgr ue `stëkucg `cémtrimg d` iet`esidnd këeikn y mgrtn durnmiýe.
VP@HN D@ @\MITNHICIDND ANXNDIMN.- @s `c `kpc`g d` uen mgrri`et` d` `xmitnmiýe d`
hnjn ar`mu`emin d` uegs 06Lz y qu` s` uticizn mge aie`s t`rnpéutimgs. Cn pru`hn s` pu`d`
r`nciznr tnkhiée mge cns mgrri`et`s: Bncvîeimn
Bncvîeim n iet`rrukpidn, Mgrri`et` `stikucnet`
`stikucne t` tipg T`es,
Xitkg ]iemgpndg.
Q@ETNJN] D@ CN @]TIKPCNMIÝE HNJG NBPN.
- @c nbun `s hu`en mgedumtgrn d` cn mgrri`et` `cémtrimn.
r`sist`eminn pnrn cn mgrri`et`.
- Cn pi`c kgjndn diskieuy` su r`sist`emi
mgrri`et`ss anrîdimns
- Vu`d` trntnrs` îr`ns `xt`esns pnrn cg munc s` pr`ai`r` uticiznr mgrri`et`
surb`et`s.
AI]IGVNTGCGBËN D@ CN MGETX
AI]IGVNTGCGBËN
MGETXNMMIÝE.
NMMIÝE.
Munedg `xist` nct`rnmiýe d` cn mgetrnmmiýe kusmucnr pgr d`e`rvnmiýe tgtnc g pnrminc d`c
kúsmucg, s` `emu`etrn nct`rndg `c r`ac`jg d` nmgkgdnmiýe, qu` `e `c kúsmucg sneg vn n
r`nmmigenr sgcnk`et` mge iet`esidnd`s nctns n ue ikpucsg `cémtrimg d` nsm`esg c`etg.
Munetg kîs s`n `c ti`kpg d` nsm`esg kîs `c`vndg s`rî cn iet`esidnd e`m`snrin pnrn
`stikucnrcg.
VXIEMIVG] VNXN CN TÉMEI
VXIEMIVG]
TÉMEIMN
MN D@ TXNTNKI@ETG.
Net`s d` r`nciznr cn `c`mtrg `stikucnmiýe s` d`h` r`nciznr cg sibui`et
sibui`et`:
`:
- Hncnem` kusmucnr s`bk`etnrig.
ndnptnmiýe - Auednk`etnc r`nciznr @c`mtrgdinbeýstimg pgr qu` n trnvés d` cn murvn ndnptnmiýeti`kpg pgd`kgs d`t`rkienr cn iet`esidnd y ti`kpg `xnmtg d`c ikpucsg `xpge`eminc.
- D`t`rkienr v`rtimncidnd d`c ikpucsg y durnmiýe d` cn pnusn.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
AGXTNC@MIKI@ETG KP]MPCNX.
@s e`m`snrig mgegm`r `e prik`rn iestnemin nsp`mtgs nentýkimgs d` cn nmtividnd kusmucnr,
vnkgs n iedimnr qu` t`e`kgs ueidnd`s kgtrim`s týeimns y Aîsimns qu` s mnrnmt`rizne pgr
cns sibui`et`s prgpi`dnd`s.
--
PEIDND@] KGTXIM@] TÝEIMN]
PEIDND@] KGTXIM@]
Aihrns kusmucnr`
kusmucnr`s
s rgjns
Mnpicnridnd
ýptikn
]` antibne d`spnmig
]ge `stîtimns
Aihrns kusmucnr`s
hcnemns
-- Ti`e`e
pgmg mnpicnr`s.
- ]` antibn mge rnpid`z
- ]ge rîpidns
AP@XZN D@ MGETXNMMIÝE.
Cn `c`mtrg bikensin d`spgcnrizn `c nxýe d`c e`rvig ncan kgtriz.
@c kgviki`etg dieîkimg d`spgcnrizn cn e`urgen.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X Eº <
>. Vnmi`et` mge lipgtrgain d` muîdrim`ps qu` c` prgdum` dgcgr `e t`edýe
rgtucineg.
n. D`smrihn `c prgm`diki`etg d` t`rnpin mgkhiendn.
h. Iediqu` mgkg kne`jn cn dgsik`trën d` cn mgrri`et` qu` uticizn pnrn cgbrnr qu`
`xistn knygr `stikucnmiýe d` cns aihrns týeimns.
m. Munc `s cn dia`r`emin `etr` aihrns týeimns y Aîsimns.
8. Vnmi`et` mge pi` `
`quie
quieg
g pgr s`mu`cn d` N.Q
N.Q..
n. Iediqu` qu` `s cn @stikucnmiý
@stikucnmiýee @cémtrimn Auemigenc.
h. D`smrihn cns mnrnmt`rëstimns aësimns d` cn mgrri`et` qu` uticizn.
m. Munc `s `c auednk`etg d` cns mgrri`et`s `stikucnet`s y `e hns` n qu` c`y s`
r`spncdne.
=. D`smrihn
D`smrihn cn mgr
mgrri`et`
ri`et` ied imndn `
`sp`mëaimnk`et`
sp`mëaimnk`et` pnrn prgm`sgs d` d`e`rvnmiýe
tgtnc.
4. K`emige
K`emige ` >
>6
6 dia`r`emins `etr` `c`mtrg`stikucnmiý
`c`mtrg`stikucnmiýe
e y `c`mtrgb
`c`mtrgbikensin.
ikensin.
0. D`smrih
D`smrihn
n uen agrkn d` d`t`rkienr u ght`e`r `c XK d` uen p`rsgen.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # 9
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: 4
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: @C@MTXGDINBEÝ]TIMG XPTIENXIG
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N:
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG 9
@C@MTXGDINBEÝ]TIMG XPTIENXIG
D@AIEIMIÝE.- X`mih` tnkhiée `c egkhr` d` `c`mtrg kig`vncunmiýe, `s uen témeimn d`
`vncunmiýe e`urgkusmucnr, mgesist`et` `e k`surnr cn r`spu`stn d` ue kúsmucg, net` cn
`stikucnmiýe
`stikucnmi
ýe d` cn mgrri`et` `cémtrimn mge ue ti`kpg ` iet`esidnd
iet`esidnd pr`vink`et` d`t`rkie
d`t`rkiendgs.
ndgs.
N trnvés d` `stn pru`hn s` pu`d` d`t`rkienr trnstgregs d` cn ueidnd kgtgrn, mge cn aiencidnd
d` hridnr npgyg dinbeýstimg, `vncunmige`s p`riýdimns y `kitir prgeýstimg pnrn div`rsns
`ea`rk`dnd`s.
N dia`r`emin d`c @c`mtrgdinb
@c`mtrgdinbeýstimg
eýstimg d` @rh, qu` `s mcîsimg, dged` uticizîhnkgs dgs tipgs d`
mgrri`et`s distietns, bncvîeimns y anrîdimns, cn témeimn nmtunc uticizn cn mgrri`et` bncvîeimn
r`mtnebucnr y cn `xpge`eminc.
Cn r`spu`stn d` `ccns, dnrî ieagrknmiýe r`a`r`et` n uen r`nmmiýe distietn d`c mgkpc`jg
e`urgkusmucnr, qu` `stnrî `e hns` n dgs brîaimns, cn prik`rn s`rî cn murvn I/T qu` s`
ght`edrî mge cn mgrri`et` bncvîeimn r`mtnebucnr, y cn s`buedn murvn N/T qu` s` ght`edrî
mge cn mgrri`et` `xpge`eminc.
MPXQN I/T.- @s nqu`ccn murvn qu` `stnhc`m` cn r`cnmiýe `etr` cn iet`esidnd d`c `stëkucg y
cn durnmiýe d` su npcimnmiýe pnrn cn `xmitnmiýe këeikn.
D` nmu`rdg n Cnpimqu` `stn murvn ti`e` ue agrkn d` lipérhgcn: munedg `c mgkpc`jg kúsmucg
e`rvigsg s` `emu`etrn egrknc, pnrn su ght`emiýe s` uticizn mgrri`et` bncvîeimn d` pucsg
r`mtnebucnr, y su trnzndg s` r`ncizn `e ue pnp`c cgbnrëtkimg qu` ti`e` ue sist`kn d`
nhsmisns y grd`endns dged` s` `emu`etrn cn iet`esidnd y s` kid` `e kN. y `c ti`kpg `e
ks. @stn murvn sukieistrnrî dntgs sghr` dinbeýstim
dinbeýstimg,
g, prgeýstimg y `vgcumiýe.
Cn murvn I/T s` `emu`
`emu`etrn
etrn mgestituidn pgr dgs rnkns, cn r`ghîsimn y cn mrgeîxim
mrgeîximn.
n.
n) Xnkn
Xnkn r`ghîs
r`ghîsimn.imn.- D` brnaimnmiýe lgrizgetnc, ccnkndn rnkn d` cgs ti`kpgs pgr qu` vnrin
`c pucsg d` durnmiýe `e ks ki`etrns qu` cn iet`esidnd s` kneti`e` mgestnet`.
mgestnet`.
h) Xnkn Mrge
Mrgeîximn.îximn.- ]u brnaimnmiýe `s v`rtimnc, `s ccnkndn nsë pgr mget`e`r cn mrgeîxin `e
ueg d` sus puetgs: s` cn mgegm` tnkhiée mgkg rnkn d` cns iet`esidnd`s, pgr qu` `e su
nsm`esg vnrin cn iet`esidnd nc ibunc qu` `c pucsg d` durnmiýe `e ks.
@e mnsg d` d`e`rvnmiýe pnrminc g tgtnc, cn murvn s` d`svën lnmin cn d`r`mln y nrrihn, mnedg
kîs m`rrndn `stî, knygr `s cn diskieumiýe auemigenc. @e mnsg d` `stnr d`spcnzndn lnmin
nhnjg y n cn izqui`rdn, s` `stn ar`et` n ue `stndg d` lip`rtgeën ` lip`r`xitnhicidnd, sie
`khnrbg pu`d` sum`d`r cg kiskg y s`r egrknc, pnrn @c`mtrgdinbeýstimg d` kúsmucgs
anminc`s g e`rvig anminc.
Munedg `stn murvn `e su rnkn `c`vndn g mrgeîximn, `xist`e
`x ist`e agrkns qu`hrndns g `e brndns,
`stns cëe`ns `stîe d`t`rkiendns pgr `c r`mcutnki`etg d` ueidnd`s kgtgrns, `e knygr
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
mnetidnd `et` `c nuk`et
nuk`etgg d` cn iet`esidn
iet`esidndd pgr cg qu` s` ccnkne @sm
@smncge`s
ncge`s d` X` ie`
ie`rvnmiýe:
rvnmiýe:
mgkg su egkhr` iedimn, dne cn pnutn d` uen `vgcumiýe anvgrnhc` d`c prgm`sg.
NEN CI]I] @ IET@XVX@TNMIÝE D@ CG] @C
@C@KETG]
@KETG] ^P@ MGKVGE
MGKVGE@E
@E CN MPXQN IT
X@GHN]@.- @s cn iet`esidnd këeikn e`m`snrin pnrn prgdumir uen mgetrnmmiýe ukhrnc mge
ue ti`kpg ieaieitg. ]u r`bistrg s`rî `mlg `e kN. y sus vncgr`s egrknc`s gsmicne `etr` 6.4 n
<.0
kN.suhmutîe`g,
Cn r`ghns` `d`kn,
`s ue pnrîk`trg
qu`kúsmucg,
vnrën mget`kp`rnturn
cn `dnd, cn r`sist`emin
d` cn pi`c, t`jidg
m`cucnr
vgcuk`e d`c
d`c nkhi`et`.
TI@KVG PTIC D@ CN XNKN X@GHÎ]IMN.- ]` `eti`ed` mgkg `c kgk`etg `e qu` cn
iet`esidnd d`h` s`r nuk`etndn pnrn knet`e`r cn mgetrnmmiýe ukhrnc `e sus mnrnmt`rëstimns
ieiminc`s.
@s cn këeikn iet`esidnd mge `c këeikg ti`kpg. ]us vncgr`s egrknc`s gsmicne `etr` 6.8 n 2
ks, `e mnsg d` c`siýe `stn `stnrî nuk`etndn, mgrr`spged` nc vértim` d`c îebucg auemigenc.
NEBPC G APEMIGEN
NEBPCG
APEMIGENC.C.- @s d`t`rkiendg pgr cn cëe`n r`ghîsimn y cn cëe`n nsm`ed`et` `e
iet`esidnd qu` `s cn rnkn mrgeîxin. T`ei`edg mgkg vértim` `c ti`kpg útic r`ghîsimg.
]us vncgr`s egrknc`s gsmicne `etr` >10 brndgs n >26 brndgs.
MXGEN\IN.- @s `c ti`kpg e`m`snrig pnrn ght`e`r uen mgetrnmmiýe ukhrnc, mge uen
iet`esidnd qu` s`n `c dghc` d` cn r`ghns`. Cn mrgeîxin s` kid` `e ks.
@\ITNHICIDND ANXNDIMN.- @stn pru`hn d`h` s`r cn prik`rn qu` s` tgk` nc mgk`eznr `c
@c`mtrgdinbeýstimg, s` uticizn mgrri`et` e`g anrîdimn qu` ti`e` ikpucsgs trinebucnr`s qu` s`
prgdum`e `e uen sum`siýe d` >ks, pgr gtrg cndg `e `st` tipg d` mgrri`et` s` pu`d` k`dir
`xnmtnk`et` cn iet`esidnd r`qu`ridn, cn r`spu`stn qu` ght`edr`kgs n eiv`c d` kúsmucgs
egrknc`s s`rî d` mgetrnmmiýe, qu` s` iet`rpr`tnrn mgkg egrknck`et` ie`rvndg, yn qu`
nqu`ccgs qu` pr`s`et`e ncbúe brndg d` d`e`rvnmiýe r`qu`rirîe `stëkucgs mge durnmiýe
knygr n > ks.
MPXQN N/T.
@stn murvn ti`e` uen mnrnmt`rëstimn d` t`e`r uen agrkn d` nrmg mge su mgemnvidnd lnmin
nrrihn, pr`s`etnedg
pr`s`etnedg `e su puetg kîs iea`rigr `c T.P.@. y `e su `xtr`kg d`r`mlg, `c ukhrnc
bncvneg tétnegs (`st` r`cnmigendg mge cn r`ghns` r`mtnebucnr dnrî cubnr nc ëedim` d`
ndnptnmiýe g mg`aimi`et` d` nmgkgdnmiýe).
Vnrn su ght`emiýe s` uticizn mgrri`et` `xpge`eminc y cn agrkn qu` ti`e` d` nrmg s` d`h` n
qu` `c ukhrnc d` `xmitnmiýe ieiminck`et` vn diskieuy`edg nc npcimnr ikpucsgs d` k`egr
durnmiýe, s` vu`cv` n r`qu`rir knygr`s iet`esidnd`s pnrn ti`kpgs nue knygr`s.
@stn murvn r`mih` `c egkhr` d` ndnptnmiýe ti`kpg, pgr qu` mge cn kgdncidnd `xpge`eminc,
kid` cn nmgkgdnmiýe d`c kúsmucg n cns mgrri`et`s d` nsm`esg c`etg.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
@stn murvn npnrt` d` mgkpc`tnr cgs dntgs d` cn murvn I/T npgrtnrn auednk`etnck`et`
`c`k`etgs ikpr`smiedihc`s, pnrn agrkucnr cn hns` d` uen mgrr`mtn `stikucnmiýe
e`urgkusmucnr, yn qu` d` su `studig surb` cn ueidnd d` `c`mtrg `stikucnm
`stikucnmiýe
iýe s`c`mtivn mge
cn s`c`mmiýe d` ikpucsgs t`rnpéutimgs, pgr `sn rnzýe `s qu` `stn murvn ti`e` auemiýe
nctnk`et` t`rnpéutimn, yn qu` egs p`rkit` mg6e tgdg `c ribgr mi`etëaimg pgsihc`, d`t`rkienr
cgs vncgr`s pnrn uen mgrr`mtn `c`mtrg `stikucnmiýe.
@stgs vncgr`s ieiminc`s s` tgknrne d`c Ti`kpg Útic @xpge`eminc qu` egs prgpgrmigen `c
ti`kpg y cn iet`esidnd e`m`snrigs pnrn ieiminr eu`strg trntnki`etg.
TI@KVG PTICI @\[email protected] @s cn iet`esidnd këeikn pnrn mges`buir uen mgetrnmmiýe
kusmucnr mge `c këeikg ti`kpg, pgr `stn rnzýe `s sikicnr nc ti`kpg útic d` cn murvn
r`mtnebucnr.
@c ti`kpg útic egs prgpgrmigen vncgr`s d` ti`kpg ` iet`esidnd, qu` egs sirv`e pnrn ieiminr cn
`c`mtrg `stikucnmiýe, pgr `sn rnzýe r`mih` `c egkhr` d` PEIDND D@
@C@MTXG@]TIKPCNMIGE ]@C@MTIQN E@PXGKP]MPCNX ]u kne`jg `s `c sibui`et`:
cn iet`esidnd d`h`rî s`r nuk`etndn lnstn `emgetrnr uen mgetrnmmiýe útic t`rnpéutimnk`et`,
`s d`mir, uen mgetrnmmiýe arnemn, `stg pgrqu` cn iet`esidnd d`c Ti`kpg Ptic `s uen
mgetrnmmiýe ght`eidn
ght`eidn d`c tipg ukhrnc. @c ti`kpg eg d`h` vnrinr pgr tnetg d`h` s`r r`sp`tndg.
PKHXNC BNCQNEG T@TNEG].- ]` ghti`e` mge uen mgrri`et` `xpge`eminc nuk`etnedg
sunv`k`et` cn iet`esidnd lnstn ght`e`r uen mgetrnmmiýe ukhrnc qu` s`rî d` tipg
v`rkimucnr.
MG@AIMI@ET@ D@ NMGKGDNMIÝE.- Tnkhiée ccnkndg ëedim` d` ndnptnmiýe y r`suctn d`
cn divisiýe d` cn iet`esidnd ukhrnc ght`eidn mge mgrri`et` `xpge`eminc sghr` cn r`ghns` d`
cn murvn r`mtnebucnr.
@c vncgr egrknc vnrën d` = n 1, `st` dntg s` mgesid`rn qu` `s `c qu` kîs icustrn, `e cg
r`a`r`et` nc brndg d` d`e`rvnmiýe g diskieumiýe auemigenc d` ue kúsmucg. Munedg `st`
mg`aimi`et` diskieuy` pgr d`hnjg d` = n 8 s` dim` qu` cn diskieumiýe auemigenc `s c`v`, si
`stn
`etr` >auemigenc
y 8 cn d`e`rvnmiýe
diskieumiýe
`s bcghnc. s`rî pnrminc, ki`etrns qu` si `c ëedim` `s k`egr n > cn
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X Eº 9
>. Vnmi`et` mge nct`rnmige
nct`rnmige`s
`s `
`e
e `c d`
d`sp`bu`
sp`bu` d` cn puetn pgr diaim uctnd pnrn cn
ac`xiýe dgrsnc d` tghiccg.
n. D`smrihn cgs puetgs kgtgr`s d`c kúsmucg y d`c e`rvig.
h. Iediqu` qu` kúsmucg s` `emu`etrn na`mtndg.
m. D`smrihn qu` pru`hn r`ncizn prik`rg nc `a`mtunr su @c`mtrgdinbeýstimg.
8. Vnmi`et` mge diaimu
diaimuctnd
ctnd pnrn `
`a`mtunr
a`mtunr cn piezn n kneg cc`en.
n. Iediqu` qué kusmucg y qu` e`rvig s` `emu`etr
`emu`etrne
ne priemipnck`et` c`sigend
c`sigendgs.
gs.
h. @xpciqu` mgkg s` `emu`etrn cn r`ghns` y d`smrihn cns mnrnmt`rëstimns aësimns d`
cn mgrri`et` qu` s` uticizn.
m. Iediqu` cgs puetgs kgtgr`s d`c e`rvig K`dineg.
=. ]i ust`d ti`e` ue `c`mtrg dinbegsti mg qu` s` ghti`e` d`c trgemg prie
priemipnc
mipnc d`c
e`rvig anminc dged` cn mu
murvn
rvn I/
I/T
T s` `
`emu`etrn
emu`etrn nrrih n y n cn d`r`
d`r`mln
mln y `c îebucg
auem igenc `stn `e >>6 brndgs.
n. Munc `s `c prgeýstimg d`c pnmi`et` `e hns` n cgs dntgs iedimndgs.
h. Mgkg ghti`e` cn dgsis pnrn ieiminr cn @c`mtrg `stikucnmiýe.
m. Mgkg `emu`etrn `c ëedim` d` nmgkgdnhicidnd ` iediqu` `c sibeiaimndg d` sus
vncgr`s.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # >6
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: =
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: PCTXN]GEIDG T@XNV@PTIMG
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N:
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG >6
PCTXN]GEIDG T@XNV@PTIMG
D@AIEIMIÝE
@s `c trntnki`etg `e hns` n gedns k`mîeimns (gedns sýeimns) npcimndns nc grbneiskg
lukneg mge aie`s t`rnpéutimgs nprgv`mlnedg cgs `a`mtgs qu` `stgs ti`e`e s`ne k`mîeimgs
g térkimgs. Pticiznedg pnrn `st` aie mgrri`et`s d` ar`mu`emin k`din.
ÎX@N D@ XNDIN
XNDINMIÝE
MIÝE @A@MTIQN (@XN).
K`dinet` `st` pnrîk`trg s` d`t`rkien cn iet`esidnd r`nc d` `kisiýe d` uctrnsgeidg, su
diîk`trg vn n s`r kîs p`qu`þg qu` `c diîk`trg d`c mnh`znc, `stg s` d`h` n qu` `c knt`rinc
pi`zg`cémtrimg eg vihrn ueiagrk`k`et`.
@e cn prîmtimn usnedg uctrn sgeidg mgetieug g pucsîtic, s` pu`d` d`kgstrnr y ghs`rvnr `stn
îr`n mgcgmnedg b`c `c`mtrgcëtimg g vns`cien cëquidn sghr` cn sup`raimi` d`c mnh`znc, nuk`etnr
brndunck`et` cn iet`esidnd y v`r ghj`tivnk`et` `huccimiýe qu` s` prgdum` n eiv`c d`c @XN
y eg nsë `e `c îr`n b`gkétrimn.
@stn pru`hn s` uticizn pnrn d`t`rkienr si ue uctrnsgeidg `stn auemigenedg g eg n uen
d`t`rkiendn dgsis.
DG]IAIMNMIÝE D@C PCTXN ]GEIDG.
Cn dgsis t`rnpéutimn d`c uctrn sgeidg `s d` 6,8 n 6.= w/mk8, `e `c t`jidg n trntnr `sp`miaimg,
usnedg ar`mu`emins d` >Klz pnrn knygr prgauedidnd y d` = Klz pnrn t`jidg sup`raiminc. Vgr
gtrg cndg pgr > mk d` t`jidg s` pi`rd` cn kitnd d` cn dgsis njustndn ieiminck`et` y nsë
sum`sivnk`et` pgr `j`kpcg si t`e`kgs qu` trntnr n 4 mk d` prgauedidnd y qu`r`kgs cc`bnr
mge uen dgsis t`rnpéutimn d` 6.8 w/mk8 eu`strn iet`esidnd njustnr`kgs
njustnr `kgs n >.1w/mk8 pgr qu`
`e `c prik`r y s`buedg mk. T`edr`kgs 6.<w/mk8 `etr` `c s`buedg y t`rm`rg t`edr`kgs 6.4
w/mk8 `etr` `c t`rm`rg y munrtg t`edr`kg
t`edr`kgss 6.8 w/mk8.
MGKVXGHN
MGKVXG
HNMIÝE
MIÝE D@ CN VXGAP
VXGAPEDID
EDIDND
ND D@C P].
-
]` mgrtn ue trgzg d` mnre` `e vnrigs p`dnzgs, vnrinedg `c brgsgr `e mndn ueg d`
`ccgs.
]ghr` mndn mgrt` y n eiv`c d` cn npcimnmiýe d`c P] mgcgmnr vns`cien cëquidn, vnc` d`mir
Pctrn sgeidg ” mnre` ” vns`cien, cn mnre` d`h` `stnr sghr` `c @XN.
Ieiminr cn npcimnmiýe d`c P] `e `c mgrt` kîs d`cbndg.
Pticiznr P] mgetieug g pucsîtic.
Mgcgmnr ti`kpg ied`aieidg.
Nuk`etnr cn iet`esidnd llnstn
nstn mges`buir cn `huccimiýe d` cn vns`cien cëquidn sghr` cn
mnre`.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
K@DIG] D@ MGETNMTG.
]u usg `vitn qu` `c nir` prgduzmn r`ac`xiýe nc >66% d`c lnz P], mge cg qu` egt`edrënkgs
p`e`trnmiýe ei nhsgrmiýe `e cgs t`jidgs.
]i`edg `c k`dig d` mgetnmtg kîs hnrntg `c nbun mge cn úeimn mgedimiýe d` `stnr `stn
d`sbnmiaimndn.
TÉMEIMN]
TÉMEI
MN] D@ NVC
NVCIMNMIÝE
IMNMIÝE..
KÉTGDG DIEÎKIMG.- Vu`d`e `xistir tr`s vnrinmige`s qu` sge cns sibui`et`s:
Témeimn s`ki`stnmigenrin.- Mgesist` `e qu` `c mnh`znc d`c P] npcimndg sghr` uen
d`t`rkiendn zgen pu`d` kgv`rs` mge kgviki`etgs mgrtgs s`kimirmucnr`s, c`etgs, d` tnc
agrkn qu` s` vne n sup`rpge`r uegs mge gtrgs, `e `st` tipg d` npcimnmiýe eg `xist` kumln
disp`rsiýe d`c lnz uctrn sýeimg.
Témeimn pgr d`spcnznki`etg.- Cn vnrinmiýe mge cn témeimn s`ki`stnmigenrin mgesist` `e
qu` cgs kgviki`etgs s`kimirmucnr`s sge knygr`s pgr cg tnetg s` prgdum` knygr dis
disp`rsiýe
p`rsiýe
d`c lnz P].
Témeimn `stnmigenrin.- Mgesist` `e eg kgv`r `c mnh`znc d` trntnki`etg sghr` cn zgen qu`
s` npcimg, pudi`edg d` `sn kne`rn prgdumir nuk`etg d` cn dgsis d` 4 n 0 v`m`s su vncgr,
mge cn mgesibui`et` prghnhicidnd d` mnusnr qu`kndurns n eiv`c d` cgs t`jidgs `e mu`stiýe.
K@TGDG HNJG NBPN.- Tnkhiée ccnkndg suhnmuîtimg iedir`mtg, pnrn `stn témeimn s`
uticizn ue r`mipi`et` mge nbun tihin n t`kp`rnturn nbrndnhc`, `e éc s` suk`rb` pnrt` d`c
s`bk`etg mgrpgrnc n trntnr b`e`rnck`et`
b`e`rnck`et` vne n ss`r
`r cns knegs g cgs pi`s, cu`bg s` suk`rb`
`c mnh`znc y s` mgcgmn n uen distnemin
distn emin qu` vn d` 4 n 0 mk d` cn sup`raimi`, `stn témeimn
téme imn ti`e`
cn v`etnjn qu` cn dgsis cc`bn `e agrkn `xnmtn, eg s` pi`rd` endn y s` uticizn sghr` sup`raimi`s
irr`bucnr`s.
T@MEI
T@MEIMN
D@cnNC
NCKGLNDICC
KGLNDICCN
N D@sghr`
NBPN.usn guen
hgcsn d`sticndn
g bcghg
d` nbun,
s`
mgcgmn MN
sghr`
sup`raimi`
n trntnr,
`stn]`
hgcsn
nckglndiccn
s` pge`
`c mnh`znc
d`c P]
pnrn `c trntnki`etg r`sp`mtivg mge `st` kétgdg s` pu`d` usnr b`c d` mgetnmtg, sirv` pnrn
sup`raimi`s irr`bucnr`s y pgr `c nbun qu` mgeti`e` su priemipig `s `c kiskg qu` `c
suhnmuîtimg.
Cn d`sv`etnjn `s qu` `c mnkpg m`rmneg d` ar`se`c s` prgdum` `e `c bcghg.
D@T@XKIENMIÝE D@ CN ]@E]IHIC
D@T@XKIENMIÝE
]@E]IHICIDND
IDND T@XKIM
T@XKIMN.
N.
@stn pru`hn s` uticizn pnrn `emgetrnr cn dgsis d`c P] mgetieug, su usg `s ikpr`smiedihc`
munedg s` qui`r` r`nciznr `stn t`rnpin.
]` r`ncizn d` cn sibui`et` kne`rn:
kne`rn:
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
@c P] mgetieug n n >w/mk8 s` mgcgmn sghr` cn zgen n trntnr, cu`bg s` `kpi`zn n mgetnr
lnstn 16 `sp`rnedg `e `c pnmi`et` dgcgr p`rigstimg, `e mnsg d` qu` `stg eg sum`dn s`
nuk`etn cn dgsis n >.0w/mk8 y s` ieimin `c kiskg prgm`diki`etg, `e mnsg d` qu` `c dgcgr
s` pr`s`et` `e =6 `st` s` divid` `etr` 0 kieutgs qu` `s `c ti`kpg d` npcimnmiýe `c r`suctndg
s` divid` `etr` 16 s`buedgs qu` `s `c ti`kpg qu` mgetnkgs y `s` r`suctndg s`rî cn dgsis
`e w/mk8.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
MP@]TIGENXIG
RGXO VNV@X
VN V@X Eº >6
>. ·^ué
·^ué `s `c @XN y pnrn qué si
sirv`7
rv`7
8. ·Muîc`s
·Muîc`s sge cgs `a`mtgs hig
higcýbimg
cýbimg s7
=. D`smri
D`smrihn
hn y brnaiqu ` `
`cc mnkpg m `rmneg d` Ar`se`c y `c mnkpg distnet` d`
Arnuelga`r.
4. ·Mgkg
·Mgkg s` r`ncizn cn pru`hn d` s`esihicid nd térkimn7
0. ·Muîc`s
·Muîc`s sge cns iedimnmig
iedimnmige`s
e`s d`c uctrn sgeid
sgeidg7
g7
1. ·^ué
·^ué `s `c `a`
`a`mtg
mtg p
pi`zg
i`zg `c`
`c`mtrg
mtrg iev`rtid
iev`rtidg7
g7
2. ·@e qué eiv`c`s mgrpgrnc`s s` prgdum ` cn r`
r`ac`xiýe
ac`xiýe uc
uctrn
trn sýei
sýeimn7
mn7
<. ·^ué
·^ué `s `c HEX y pnrn qué sir
sirv`7
v`7
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # >>
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: 4
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: MNKVG] KNBEÉTIMG]
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N:
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG >>
MNKVG] KNBEÉTIMG]
KNBE@TGT@XNVIN
Listgrin.•
Vcieig 22 ” 26 N.M X`mgki`edn `c usg d` cn pi`drn knbeétimn `e trntnki`etg d`
•
dia`r`et`s trnstgregs.
Bnycgr ><16
><16..- Mr`n `c prik`r `quipg mge sgc`egid`
sgc`egid`s.
s.
•
Encdknee ><2
><29.9.- @stnhc`m` e`m`sidnd`s pnrn cn t`rnpin d` mnkpgs knbeétimgs.
n. Vriemipigs aësimgs d`c knbe`tiskg
knbe`tiskg
h. Ieacu`emin d`c knbe`tiskg.
m. @aimnmin d`c knbe`tiskg.
•
><98
><9
8 Dnrsgev nc.- Mgestruy` `c >`r npnrntg qu` `kit` `e`rbën `c`mtrgknbeétimn
`c`mtrg knbeétimn mge
•
uen ar`mu`emin dd`
` 866 n =66 Klz.
>909 Ci`h`se
>909
Ci`h`sey.y.Mgestruy` gtrg mge `e`rbën pucsntgrin mge uen ar`mu`emin d`
82.>8 Klz. Mge knygr`s `a`mtgs higcýbimgs.
D@AIEIMIÝE.
–Kétgdg mr`ndg pnrn `c trntnki`etg d` cgs t`jidgs d `c s`r lukneg k`dinet` `e`rbën
`c`mtrgknbeétimn‛
HIGKNBE@TI]KG D@
D@ CN KNBE@TGT
KNBE@TGT@XNVIN
@XNVIN
@c mnkpg enturnc t`rr`str` ieacuy` sghr` cgs prgm`sgs m`cucnr`s, d`kgstrndg pgr:
>. Vnrn ue d`snrrgc
d`snrrgccg
cg egrknc d`h`kgs `stnr iek`rsgs `e `c mnkpg knbeétimg t`rr`str`.
8. Cn iet`rnmmiýe d` gtrg mnkpg knbeétimg ieacuy` `e `c d`snrrgccg.
HN]@] AË]IMN]
n. Muncqui`r pnrtëmucn mge mnrbn `cémtrimn nc sgk`t`rs` n ue mnkpg knbeétimg suar`
nct`rnmige`s `e `c kgviki`etg.
Y su eu`vn trny`mtgrin d`p`ed`rî d`:
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
h. Tgdns cns pnrtëmucns d` ue grbneiskg vivg `stîe `e kgviki`etg `stg `e uen t`kp`rnturn
d` =2º cg qu` dn `c kgviki`etg Hrgweineg.
m. Lny brupgs kgc`mucnr`
kgc`mucnr`ss disu`ctgs qu` s` `emu`etrne `e `stnd
`stndgg iýeimg y `e kgviki`etg,
pgr cg qu` si sge sgk`tidg n ue M.K. vnrinrne su v`cgmidnd y trny`mtgrin.
d. Nmmiýe d`c kgviki`etg Hrgwkineg, sghr` `c grbneiskg y d` gtrg mnkpg knbeétimg sghr`
`c kgv. Hrgwkineg.
HN]@] HIGCÝBIMN].
NMMIGE D@ CG]
C G] MNKVG] KN
KNBEÉTIMG].
BEÉTIMG].
@c M.K. nmtún sghr` ige`s y kgeýk`rgs.
Nm`rmn n cgs ige`s n cn sup`raimi` d` k`khrnen.
Cu`bg `xist` ue mnkhig d` pgtnsig + mge mcgrg ” y d` ]gdig + mge prgt`ëens ”
Munetg kns nkpcin s`n cn murvn y kns rîpidg `c kgviki`etg d` `stn kns aîmic pnsnrne cgs
mnencëmucgs.
MCN]IAIMNMIÝE:
Mnkpgs
Mn
kpgs knbeétimgs d` hnjn ar`mu`emin:
n. Knbe`tgt`rnpin d` mnkpg knbeétimg d` dir`mmiýe mgestnet`.
-
Hrnznc`t`.
Knbe`týageg
h. Mnkpg knbeétimg d` dir`mmiýe nct`ren.
-
Dnrsgevnciznmiýe
-
Iedumtgt`rkin.
-
Mnkpgs knbeétimgs Q l A
Mnkpgs
Mn
kpgs knbeétimgs d` Nc tn ar`mu`emin.
Trnhnjn mge uen ar`mu`emin d` 82.>8 Klz s` trneskit` mncgr n trnvés d` uen `evgcturn pcnen
qu` `s uen hghien
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
G pgr k`dig d` ue mnhc` (iedumtgt`rkin).
B`e`rnmiýe d` mncgr d` nmu`rdg n cn c`y d` jguc`.
TIVG] D@ NVCIMNMIÝE
NVC IMNMIÝE
n. Cn pnrt` n trntnr s` `emu`etrn au`rn d` cn hghien
h. Cn pnrt` d`c mu`rpg n trntnr s` `emu`etrn d`etrg d` cns `spirnc`s.
DG]IK@TXËN .
•
Iet`esidnd .
•
Vgt`emin < n 86 R
•
Ikpucsgs 10 n 466 u].
•
Ar`mu`em in 81 n 466 L
Lzz
•
Ti`kpg 86 n =6 kie.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X
VN V@X Eº>>
MP@]TIGENXIG
>. K`emige` cns mnrnmt`rëstimns aësimns d` cgs mnkpgs knbeétimgs d` hnjn
ar`mu`emin.
8. ·Muîc
·Muîc `s cn dia
dia`r`emin
`r`emin `
`etr`
etr` cgs mmnkpgs
nkpgs knbe
knbeétimgs
étimgs d
d`
`n
nctn
ctn ar`mu`emin y d`
hnjn ar`mu`emin7
=. ·^ué
·^ué dg sik`trën kne`jn p
pnrn
nrn k`jgrnr y nm`c`rnr `c p rgm`sg
rgm `sg d`
mgesgc idnmiýe d`c t`jidg ýs`g, pgst`
pgst`rigr
rigr n uen arnmturn7
4. D`smr
D`smrihn
ihn y dihuj ` cns ans`
ans`ss d` cn mgesg cid
cidnmiýe
nmiýe ýs`n.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # >8
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: 4
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: KIMXGMGXXI@ET@]
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N:
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG >8
KIMXGMGXXI@ET@]
]ge uen agrkn d` mgrri`et` `cémtrimn qu` p`rkit` nc aisigt`rnp`utn hriednr trntnki`etg `e `c
rnebg d` cgs kimrgnkp`rigs (°N).
Tnkhiée s` d`egkien:
•
@stikucnmiýe pucsndn `e kimrgnkp`rigs (°N).
•
Mgrri`et` d` Hnjg Qgctnj`.
•
K@] ( Kimrg @c`mtrg @stikucnmi
@stikucnmiýe).
ýe).
•
K@E] ( Kimrg @c`mtrg E`urg @stikucnmiýe, térkieg knc `kpc`ndg yn qu` `stn agrkn
d` mgrri`et` eg d`spgcnrizn cn mécucn e`rvigsn).
Mgesist` `e cn ietrgdummiýe d` mgrri`et` `cémtrimn n trnvés d` cn pi`c, cn munc `s sikicnr n cn
mgrri`et` b`e`rndn pgr `c grbneiskg.
]` mnrnmt`rizn pgr t`e`r uen iet`esidnd kuy hnjn y uen mnrbn iesuaimi`et` pnrn `xmitnr cns
aihrns e`rvigsns p`riaérimns.
]u npcimnmiýe `s pgr cg tnetg n eiv`c suh s`esgrinc, `c pnmi`et` b`e`rnck`et` eg p`rmih` `c
pnsg d` cn mgrri`et`.
Dgsiaimnedg `e kimrgnkp`rigs, s` `etr`bn `e`rbën `e cn kiskn `smncn d` vncgr`s qu` cn
mgrri`et` qu` prgdum` `c grbneiskg n eiv`c d` mndn mécucn.
Vgr `st` kgtivg s` dim` qu` `c trntnki`etg mge kimrgmgrri`et`s prgpgrmigen ue npgrt`
aisigcýbimg n eiv`c m`cucnr.
]` mgegm` tnkhiée mgkg hig`stikucnmiýe g t`rnpin hig`cémtrimn pgr su mnpnmidnd pnrn
`stikucnr cn aisigcgbën m`cucnr y `c mr`miki`et
mr`miki`etg.
g.
T`rnpin
T`rn
pin hig `cémtrimn: `c mu`rpg b`e`rn uen mgrri`et` kuy hnjn.
•
Cns mécucns d`c grbneiskg aisigcýbimnk`et` prgdum`e `stn agrkn d` mgrri`et` nc
•
r`nciznr `c iet`rmnkhig iýeimg y nmugsg mge su k`dig nkhi`et`.
@stn mgrri`et` mirmucn n trnvés d`c grbneiskg n uen ar`mu`emin d` 2= Lz.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
·Mýkg
·M
ýkg trnhnjne cns kimrgmg rri`et`s7
@e `c m`etrg d`c îtgkg s` `emu`etrn `c eúmc`g qu` `stî mgkpu`stg pgr prgtge`s y
e`utrge`s.
Cn vi`jn t`grën qu` ikp`rnhn `e cgs nþgs 16 , `rn qu` cgs `c`mtrge`s birnhne `e ýrhitns
ncr`d`dgr d`c eúmc`g.
Cn iev`stibnmiýe kgd`ren ln d`kgstrndg qu` cgs `c`mtrge`s vihrne lnmin d`cnet` y lnmin
ntrîs `e ýrhitns ncr`d`dgr d`c eúmc`g, `e v`z d` birnr `e mërmucgs mgetieugs
kgegdir`mmigenc`s.
Mndn t`jidg aieg `e `c grbneiskg pgs`` sus ar`mu`emins `sp`mëaimns.
Cn mnrnmt`rëstimn vihrntgrin iedividuncizndn
iedividuncizndn y `sp`mëaimn d` mndn îtgkg, `s d`mir d` mndn tipg
d` t`jidg aieg, vnrën `sp`mëaimnk`et` `e pr`s`emin d` mi`rtns mgedimige`s mgkg pu`d`e s`r:
•
Trnukn.
•
Ieacnknmiýe.
•
T`esiýe.
•
Ieacu`emins nkhi`etnc`s, `tm.
Munedg gmurr` uen c`siýe `e `c t`jidg aieg, cgs `c`mtrge`s `kit`e uen vihrnmiýe negrknc
mnrnmt`rëstimn
mnrnmt`rëst
imn y úeimn pnrn mndn tipg d` c`siýe.
Munedg npcimnkgs kimrgmgrri`et`s, s` e`utrncizne `stns vihrnmige`s negrknc`s,
r`stnhc`miéedgs`
r`stnhc`miée
dgs` cns vihrnmige`s egrknc`s d` cgs `c`mtrge`s.
Ki`etrns s` e`utrncizne cns ar`mu`emins iemgrr`mtns d`c `c`mtrýe lnstn vgcv`r n sus
vihrnmige`s grhitnc`s egrknc`s, cn mgedimiýe aisigcýbimn d` cgs t`jidgs aiegs mgki`ezn n
egrknciznrs`.
Cn v`cgmidnd mge qu` gmurr`e `stgs mnkhigs vnrën d` ue pnmi`et` n gtrg.
Ncbuegs pnmi`et`s pu`d`e `xp`rik`etnr ue mnkhig egtnhc` iek`dintnk`et` d`spués d`c
trntnki`etg.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
@e gtrgs mnsgs, cgs mnkhigs s` `xp`rik`etne lnstn pnsndns 84 lgrns d`c trntnki`etg.
Cgs mnkhigs gmurr`e si`kpr` d` agrkn prgbr`sivn.
@e pnmi`et`s mge c`sige`s mrýeimns, cgs r`suctndgs pgsitivgs b`e`rnck`et`, s` ieimine n
pnrtir d` cn s`xtn s`siýe d` trntnki`etg.
Mnrnmt`rëstimns d` cn mgrri`et`
•
Tipg d` mgrri`et`: mgrri`et` mgestnet` pnrn knet`e`r ue kicinkp`rnj` aijg `
ied`p`edi`et` d` cgs mnkhigs d` r`sist`emin mutîe`n.
•
Agrkn d`c pucsg: cgs pucsgs pu`d`e s`r kgegaîsimgs g hiaîsimgs r`mtnebucnr`s.
•
Nemlg d`c pucsg: > n 066 ks.
•
Nkpcitud d` cn mgrri`et`: >6 °N ” > kN. ]` trnhnjn n eiv`c suhs`esgrinc.
•
Mndn pucsg d` mgrri`et` ti`e` ue ti`kpg d` durnmiýe cnrbg y nkpcitud hnjn, mge
knygr nprgv`mlnki`etg d` cgs `a`mtgs pgcnr`s d` cn mgrri`et` y s` diskieuy`e cgs
ri`sbgs d` c`siýe.
•
Ar`mu`emin d`c pucsg: 6 ” >666 Lz.( rnebg d` hnjn ar`mu`emin), `e cn prîmtimn s`
`kpc`ne ar`mu`emins d` `stikucnmiýe kuy hnjns.
•
Vgcnridnd: hidir`mmigenc. Vnrn nmtivnr `c r`v`rsg d` cn pgcnridnd nutgkîtimn, `e cgs
`quipgs @erna s` d`h` s`c`mmigenr N (nct`renet`) g EN (eg nct`renet`).
•
Ti`kpg d` mndn s`siýe d` trntnki`etg: d`p`ed` d` cn pntgcgbën n trntnr y d` cn
témeimn `kpc`ndn. Gsmicn `etr` >6 n 86 kieutgs, nuequ` ss`` r`pgrtne ti`kpgs d`
trntnki`etg d` lnstn dgs lgrns dgs v`m`s nc dën, `e `c mnsg d` úcm`rns.
@a`mtgs
@a`
mtgs d` cns kimr gmgrri`et`s
•
X`dummiýe d`c dgcgr.
•
Iemr`k`etg d`c ëedim` r`pnrntivg d`c t`jidg y cns l`ridns.
•
Nuk`etg `e cn sëet`sis d` prgt`ëens.
•
@stikucn cn r`b`e`rnmiýe d`c t`jidg aieg dnþndg.
•
Iemr`k`etn `c NTV kitgmgedrinc lnstn `e ue 066%.
•
@stikucn `c ]EN. ]` `kpc`n `e `c trntnki`etg d`c iesgkeig
•
@stikucn `c acujg cieaîtimg ` ielih` puetgs bnticcg.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
Mgetrniedimnmige`s d` cn mgrri`et`
•
@khnrnzg, durnet` cgs prik`rgs k`s`s.
•
Knrmnpnsgs mnrdënmg.
•
Nct`rnmige`s d`c ritkg mnrdënmg.
•
Npcimnmiýe dir`mtn sghr` cgs gjgs.
E`gpcnsins.
•
L`kgaicin.
•
Iedimnmige`s
•
Nmupueturn
•
Trntnki`etg d`c dgcgr.
•
Dr`enj` cieaîtimg y `d`kn.
•
X`b`e`rnmiýe d` t`jidgs mgetrîmtic`s
•
Cih`rnmiýe d` ndl`r`emins y mimntrim`s r`trnmtic`s.
•
Trntnki`etg d`c iesgkeig.
•
T`edieitis.
•
Trntnki`etg bnebcigenr.
•
Trntnki`etg d` cgs e`rvigs.
•
@stétimn nuk`etnedg cn mirmucnmiýe y cn prgdummiýe d` mgcîb`eg.
•
T`rnpin d` puetgs bnticcg.
•
Trntnki`etgg d` cn irritnmiýe d` cn rnëz e`rvigsn.
Trntnki`et
•
Diskieumiýe d` cgs `spnskgs kusmucnr`
kusmucnr`s.
s.
•
Trntnki`etg d` cn ntrgain kusmucnr, k`jgrn qu` vi`e` dndn nc `stikucnrs` cgs
prgm`sgs k`tnhýcimgs
k`tnhýcimgs d`c kúsmucg yn qu` cn mgrri`et` eg prgdum` mgetrnmmige`s pgr
trnhnjnrs` n eiv`c suhs`esgr
suhs`esgrinc.
inc.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X
VN V@X Eº>8
MP@]TIGENXIG
>. @xpciqu` `
`cc k`
k`mneiskg
mneiskg aisigcýbi mg d` cns kimrgmg rri`et`s.
8. ·M
·Mýkg
ýkg `s `c
`c `a`
`a`mtg
mtg netieacnkntgrig qu` ti`e`
ti`e`e
e cns kimrgmgrri `et`
`et`s7
s7
=. ·^
·^ué
ué dgsik`trën kn
kne`jn
e`jn pn
pnrn
rn k`jgrnr y nm`c`
nm`c`rnr
rnr `c prgm`sg d` mimntriznmiýe
mimntri znmiýe
d` uen úcm`rn pgr p r`siýe7
4. D`
D`smri
smri hn y dihu j` cns ans`
ans`ss d` cn mimntriznmiýe tisu
tisucnr.
cnr.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X # >=
VXGBXNKN
VXGBX
NKN D@ MGET
MGETXGC
XGC D@ MNC
MNCIDND
IDND
Eg. D@ VXGM@DIKI@ETG:
Eg. D@ LGJN]: 4
@CNHGXÝ: Dr. Mnhr`rn Mîm`r`s Nc`xned`r
MÝDIBG:
TËTPCG D@C RGXO VNV@X: NCTG QGCTNJ@
DVTG.: Anmuctnd d` Mi`emins d` cn ]ncud
D@]TIENDG N:
DGM@ET@]
NCPKEG]
GH]@XQNMIGE@]: @c`mtrgt`rnpin
A@MLN D@ DIAP]IÝE:
A@MLN D@ @ETX@BN:
\
NDKIEI]T.
GTXG]
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
HGCG >=
NCTG
NC
TG QGCTN
QGCTNJ@
J@
@c Nctg Qgctnj` g Mgrri`et` Vucsndn d` Nctg Qgctnj` (MVNQ) `s `c térkieg qu` s` usn pnrn cn
mcns` d` npnrntgs d` `stikucnmiýe `cémtrimn qu` sge mnpnm`s d` ncmneznr nkpcitud`s
knygr`s n cgs >66 vgctigs.
Tnkhiée s` mgegm` mge `c egkhr` d` @c egkhr` d` `st` `stikucndgr vnrën: Nctg Qgctig,
Bncvîeimg d` Nctg Qgctnj`, Bncvîeimg Vucsîtic d` Nctg Qgctnj`.
Mnh` d`stnmnr qu` n p`snr d` uticiznrs` `c térkieg –bîcvneimg‛ `e `stns mgrri`et`s cn agrkn
d` gedn eg s` pnr`m` n cns trndimigenc`s agrkns d` gedn bncvîeimns iet`rrukpidns d` hnjg
vgctnj`.
@s uen mgrri`et` kgegpgcnr d` dghc` pimg mge r`cnmiýe iestnetîe`n d` suhidn y uen
iemcienmiýe `e cn hnjndn d` mndn pimg ↘ 8 `spibns y uen pnusn cnrbn.
Cn pucsnmiýe `s d` dghc` pimg pgrqu` ue sgcg pimg d` mgrtn durnmiýe eg pu`d` `stikucnr cgs
nxge`s e`rvigsgs. Cn agrkn d` gedn `s aijn y eg pu`d` s`r mnkhindn pgr `c aisigt`rnp`utn.
Mnrnmt`rëstimns
Mnrn
mt`rëstimns d` cn agrk n d` gedn
•
@c `stikucndgr dd`` MVNQ prgv`` uen agrkn d` gedn kgegaîsimn d` dghc` pimg mge
uen durnmiýe aijn.
•
Cn durnmiýe d`c pucsg s` `xpr`sn `e cn bnkn d` cgs kimrgs`buedgs (lnstn 866 γs)
•
Cn iet`esidnd s` dn `e vgctigs y pu`d` cc`vnr lnstn cgs 066 Q qu` mgrr`spged`e
nprgxikndnk`et` n 8 N.
•
@c vgctnj` t`rnpéut
t`rnpéutimg
img `s knygr n cgs >66 Q
•
Cns ueidnd`s trnhnjne mge vgctnj` mgestnet`
•
Cn ar`mu`emin s` mgetrgcn ied`p`edi`et`k`et`
•
@c mimcg ge/gaa `s aijg g s` mgetrgcn d` agrkn ied`p`edi`et`.
•
Cn ar`mu`emin s` kid` `e pucsnmige`s pgr s`buedg g pps
•
Cn agrkn d` gedn pgs`` pimg dghc`, pgr cg tnetg uen ar`mu`emin d` 8 pps `s uen
r`cnmiýe d` dgs agrkns d` gedn mgkpc`tns pgr s`buedn, vistns nc gsmicgsmgpig s`
ghs`rvne 4 pimgs.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
•
Durnmiýe `s `c p`rëgdg `e `c munc cn mgrri`et` acuy` durnet` uen pucsnmiýe. @s uue
e
vncgr aijg y eg s` pu`d` mnkhinr.
•
D`esidnd d` mgrri`et`: dndg qu` cns ueidnd`s dd`` MVNQ ti`e`e ue pimg nctg y ue
vncgr `a`mtivg hnjg d` acujg d` mgrri`et`, `c pnrîk`trg n mgesid`rnr `s cn d`esidnd d`
cn kiskn. Vnrn nuk`etnr cn d`esidnd d` mgrri`et` s` nuk`etn cn ar`mu`emin? `stg
p`rkit` kîs agrkns d` gedn pgr ueidnd d` ti`kpg y nuk`etn nsë `c acujg d`
`c`mtrge`s.
•
Ncbuegs npnrntgs p`rkit`e njustnr cn pucsnmiýe kimrg`spnmig g iet`rvncg
ietrnpucsnmiýe.
Cgs pnrîk`trgs d` cn MVNQ sge ue anmtgr mcnv` pnrn cn brne vnrinhicidnd y npcimnmiýe
aisigcýbimn d` `st` tipg d` gedn `e uen vnrinet` d`c trntnki`etg.
N cgs ikpucsgs d` kuy mgrtn durnmiýe sibu`e iet`rvncgs cnrbgs `etr` cgs ikpucsgs. @stg `s
kuy nbrndnhc` y pr`vi`e` cn agrknmiýe d` `a`mtgs térkimgs g quëkimgs `e `c t`jidg trntndg.
Cn nmukucnmiýe t`kpgrnc d` uen pgcnridnd pgsitivn g e`bntivn `e `c t`jidg `stikucndg `s ue
anmtgr mcnv` pnrn cn r`b`e`rnmiýe d` mécucns ies`esihc`s qu` eg s` pgdëne r`b`e`rnr,
ikpgrtnet` pnrn `c trntnki`etg, pgr `j`kpcg d` l`ridns nhi`rtns y úcm`rns pgr pr`siýe.
Trntnki`etgs
Trntn
ki`etgs mge c ns MVNQ
MVNQ::
” Vnrn L`rid
L`ridns
ns
”Ar`mu`emin: >66 pps
”Vgcnridnd d`c ikpucsg: nprgpindg pnrn ue `a`mtg bncvnegtîximg? mnkhi` cn pgcnridnd s`búe
cns `xib`emins d` cn l`ridn.
”Nkpcitud d`c ikpucsg: Lny qu` `stnhc`m`r `e ue eiv`c qu` mnus` uen pnr`st`sin u
lgrkibu`g `e cn pi`c s`esihc`? `stnhc`m`r `e ue eiv`c qu` prgvgqu` cib`rn mgetrnmmiýe
ansmimucnr d` cgs kúsmucgs d`hnjg d` cgs `c`mtrgdgs pnrn pi`c ies`esihc`, d`spués diskieuir
c`etnk`et` cn nkpcitud lnstn qu` d`snpnr`m` cn mgetrnmmiýe (`st` eiv`c `quivnc` nc
lgrkibu`g).
”Durnmiýe: 16 kieutgs, 0 dëns pgr s`knen
” Vnrn @spnskgs kus mucnr`s
”Kgdg: `c`mtrgdgs
”Ti`kpg d` mimcg: mgetieug
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
”Vgcnridnd: pgsitivn g e`bntivn
”Ar`mu`emin: >66->80pps
”Durnmiýe: =6-16kie
”Mgcgmnmiýe d` `c`mtrgdgs: 8 `c`mtrgdgs d`c kiskg tnknþg mgcgmndgs `e kúsmucgs
`spîstimgs.
Dgcgr`s
`s nbudgs
” Vnrn Dgcgr
”Kgdg: `c`mtrgdgs
”Ti`kpg d` mimcg: mgetieug
”Vgcnridnd: pgsitivn g e`bntivn
”Ar`mu`emin: 06->86 pps
”Durnmiýe: =6 kie
”Mgcgmnmiýe d` `c`mtrgdgs: 8 `c`mtrgdgs d`c kiskg tnknþg mgcgmndgs `e cn zgen dgcgrgsn.
Vnrn
rn D
Dgcgr
gcgr`s
`s mrýeimg
mrýeimgss
” Vn
”Kgdg: `c`mtrgdgs
”Ti`kpg d` mimcg: mgetieug
”Vgcnridnd: pgsitivn g e`bntivn
”Ar`mu`emin: 8->0 pps
”Durnmiýe: >->6 kie
”Mgcgmnmiýe d` `c`mtrgdgs: 8 `c`mtrgdgs, `c `c`mtrgdg d` tx d` tnknþg k`egr qu` `c
`c`mtrgdg iedia`r`et`.
iedia`r `et`. Mgcgmnr `c `c`mtrgdg d` trntnki`e
trntnki`etg
tg `e `c puetg d` prgvgmnmiýe, `c gtrg
dged` mgev`ebn.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
RGXO VNV@X
VN V@X Eº>=
MP@]TIGENXIG
>.>.- @
@xpc
xpc iqu` pgr
pg r qué eg ti `e` `stn mgrri`et
mgrri`et`
``
`cc `a`mtg bncvîeim
bncvîeimg.
g.
8.8.- ·^
·^ué
ué `s cg qu` p`rkit
p`rkit`
` cn agrkn d` gedn d` cns mgrr
mgrri`et`s
i`et`s d` nctg vgc tnj`7
=.=.- ·
·^ué
^ué sge cgs p
pps,
ps, y pgr q ué cns usn `
`cc nctg vg ctnj`7
4.- K`emige` y brnaiqu` cg kétgdgs d` npcimnmiýe d` cns mgrri`et`s d` nctg
vgctnj`.
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
PEIQ@X]IDND
PEIQ@
X]IDND D@ N^PIEG HGCIQIN
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMI
MI@EMIN]
N] D@ CN
C N ]NCPD
MNXX@XN D@ AI]IGT@XNVIN
AI]IGT@XNVIN
BPËN D@ VXÎMTIMN] D@ CN KNT@XIN D@
@C@MTXGT@XNVIN
VGX T@KN D@ NQNEM@
B@]TIÝE II/868>
NÞG 868>
Cn Vnz - Hg
Hgciv
civin
in
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
ËEDIM@
E¶
6> @C@MTXG
@C@MTXGA
A ]IMN
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIM
VXÎMTIMN
N
68 @C@
@C@MT
MTXG
XG@]
@]T
T TI
TIMN
MN
6= @C
@C@M
@MTX
TXG
GD E KI
KIMN
MN
64 MGXXI@ET@ BNCQÎEIMN
60 E@PXGAI]IG
E@PXGAI]IGCGB
CGB N D@C DGCGX
61 BNCQ
BNCQNEI]
NEI]KG
KG K DIMG - IGETG
IGETGAGX@
AGX@]I]
]I]
62 MGXXI@ET@] PCTXN X@IZ
6< MGX
MGXXI@
XI@ET@
ET@]
] DIN
DINDIE
DIE KIM
KIMN]
N]
69 MGXXI
MGXXI@ET@
@ET@]
] HIA ]IM
]IMN]
N] N]IK TXIM
TXIMN]
N] EG HNC
HNCNEM@
NEM@NDN
NDN]
] Y HNC
HNCNEM@
NEM@NDN]
NDN]
(T@E] MGEQ@EMIGENC ” HPXT])
>6 MGXXI
MGXXI@ET@
@ET@]
] VNX
VNXN
N @]TI
@]TIKPCN
KPCNMI
MI E E@PX
E@PXGKP
GKP]MPC
]MPCNX
NX
>> @C
@C@M
@MTX
TXG
GDI
DINB
NBE
E ]T
]TIM
IMG
G OIE
OIE ]IMG
]IMG
>8 MGXXI@ET@] IET@XA@X@EMINC@]
>= MGXXI
MGXXI@ET@
@ET@]
] D@ @]TI
@]TIKPCN
KPCNMI
MI E XP]N - OGTZ
>4
PCTXN]GEGT@XNVIN
>0
KNBE@TGT@XNVIN
>1
KIMXGMGXXI@ET@]
>2 NCTG QGCTNJ@
X`quisitgs d` iebr`sg
Cn sibui`et` buën d` prîmtimns
`stî dis`þndn t`ei`edg `e mu`etn
cn kgdncidnd gecie`, pgr cg qué `c
`studinet` d`h`rî d` mgetnr mge
`c nmm`sg n iet`re`t `e ue
dispgsitivg lnhicitndg pnrn tnc
ghj`tivg.
Dgm`et`s
Nux. d` dgm`emin
@studinet`s
\
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: @C@MTXGAË]IMN
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
>
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
`c`mtrgaësimn pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg nc t`kn d` `c`mtrgstîtimn
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/`j1c]9zYy1P
lttps://`s.scid`slnr`.e`t/arneocie<9/nb`et`s-`c`mtrgaisimgs
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: @C@MTXG@]TÎTIMN
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
8
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
`c`mtrgstîtimn pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg nc t`kn d` `c`mtrgdieîkimn.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/tWd8VCgGBmI
lttps://ygutu.h`/Xh\N8ZqqQTY
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: @C@MTXGDIEÎKIMN
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
=
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
`c`mtrgdieîkimn
`c`mtrgdieîki
mn pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg nc d`snrrgccg d` cns priemipnc`s témeimns `e
`c`mtrgt`rnpin.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/\>whhmkI2-6
lttps://ygutu.h`/y24ZTLwxa]o
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: MGXXI@ET@ BNCQÎEIMN Y PEIDND@] D@ K@DIDN
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
4
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
ueidnd`s d` k`didn pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg nc d`snrrgccg d` cns priemipnc`s témeimns `e
`c`mtrgt`rnpin.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/9W1t9rbV1Ig
lttps://ygutu.h`/6EHCTZ>lWks
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: E@PXGAI]IGCGBËN D@C DGCGX
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
0
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
Mgegm`r cn npcimnhicidnd d` cns t`grëns d` mgetrgc d`c dgcgr n cn npcimnmiýe d` cn
`c`mtrgt`rnpin mgkg l`rrnki`etn nencbésimn
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
e`urgaisigcgbën d`c dgcgr pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg nc d`snrrgccg d` cns priemipnc`s témeimns d`
npcimnmiýe `e `c`mtrgt`r
`c`mtrgt`rnpin.
npin.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- K`mneiskgs d` kgducnmiýe d`c dgcgr
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Knqu`tn d`c mimcg d`c îmidg nrnquidýeimg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/RlJthk8sc`6
lttps://ygutu.h`/^rmrOCn\tG<
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBENTPXN:
N]IBEN
TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: IGETGAGX@]I]
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
1
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin d` hnjn
ar`mu`emin.
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d` mgrri`et`
bncvîeimn pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n cn `xpcimnmiýe prîmtimn d` cn Igetgagr`sis.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
- Iedimnmige`s
-4.-Mgetrniedimnmige`s
KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Tnhcn d` k`dimnk`etgs mge cns mnrnmt`rëstimns sgcimitndns pgr `c dgm`et`.
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/vnIbom4a-t4
lttps://ygutu.h`/VuqaJ^isQj4
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: MGXXI@ET@ PCTXN X@IZ
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
2
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns
d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin d` hnjn
ar`mu`emin.
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
mgrri`et`s tipg trnh`rt pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n cn `xpcimnmiýe prîmtimn.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
- Iedimnmige`s
-4.-Mgetrniedimnmige`s
KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Knqu`tn `cnhgrndn mge cgs d`rkntgkns y sus mgrr`spged`emins s`esitivns y trýaimns.
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/=`wgKkPnutI
lttps://ygutu.h`/psKB1oc9v<Y
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBENTPXN:
N]IBEN
TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: DINDIEÎKIMN]
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
<
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin d` hnjn
ar`mu`emin.
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
mgrri`et`s d` H`renrd pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n cn `xpcimnmiýe prîmtimn.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
- Iedimnmige`s
Mgetrniedimnmige`s
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg.
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/XLv0ayuJG=6
lttps://ygutu.h`/T4``-zqj4pK
lttps://ygutu.h`/bMv0oJ`MM<s
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: T@E]
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
9
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin d` hnjn
ar`mu`emin.
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
mgrri`et`s tipg T@E] pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n cn `xpcimnmiýe prîmtimn.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
- Iedimnmige`s
-4.-Mgetrniedimnmige`s
KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/pHKGNhwclnI
lttps://ygutu.h`/j`<n4eiRlKY
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: MGXXI@ET@] VNXN @]TIKPCNMIÝE E@PXGKP]MPCNX
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
>6
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin `e hnjn y
k`din ar`mu`emin.
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg
m ýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
mgrri`et`s d` `stikucnmiýe e`urgkusmucnr d` hnjn k`din ar`mu`emin pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n
cn `xpcimnmiýe prîmtimn.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
-- Iedimnmige`s
Mgetrniedimnmige`s
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`
nmtividnd`ss d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/2bYb6x<sqHs
lttps://ygutu.h`/tPxn4O2l]Nw
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBENTPXN:
N]IBEN
TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: @C@MTXGDINBEÝ]TIMG OIEÉ]IMG
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
>>
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIM
VXN MTIMN
N
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidn
lnhicidnd`s
d`s y d`str`zn
d`str`znss pnrn `c kne`jg d`c `c`mtrgdinb
`c`mtrgdinbeýstimg
eýstimg oieésimg.
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
mgrri`et`s d` `stikucnmiýe e`urgkusmucnr d` hnjn k`din ar`mu`emin pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n
cn npcimnmiýe d`c `c`mtrgdinbeýstimg oieésimg.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
- Iedimnmige`s
-4.-Mgetrniedimnmige`s
KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Vnp`c kicik`trndg.
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/v9nwd-Zis-K
lttps://ygutu.h`/90KMnh2PtV^
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: MGXXI@ET@] IET@XA@X@EMINC@]
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
>8
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin d`
ar`mu`emin k`din.
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
mgrri`et`s d` k`din ar`mu`emin pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n cn npcimnmiýe d` cns mgrri`et`s
iet`ra`r`eminc`s
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
-- Iedimnmige`s
Mgetrniedimnmige`s
- Mnsgs mcëeimgs
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/rmXzdHvJM]Y
lttps://ygutu.h`/cPHizQCwiPm
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: MGXXI@ET@] XP]N]
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
>=
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin d`
ar`mu`emin k`din.
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
mgrri`et`s d` k`din ar`mu`emin pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n cn npcimnmiýe d` cns mgrri`et`s rusns
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
- Iedimnmige`s
Mgetrniedimnmige`s
- Mnsgs
mcëeimgs
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/cGkrcp<@xL4
lttps://ygutu.h`/Mjdo4EuCeJo
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: PCTXN]GEIDG
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
>4
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin `e nctn
ar`mu`emin
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
mgrri`et`s d` k`din ar`mu`emin pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n cn npcimnmiýe d` cns mgrri`et`s d`
nctn ar`mu`emin.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
-- Iedimnmige`s
Mgetrniedimnmige`s
- Mnsgs mcëeimgs
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/\Tc\mNQcIjw
lttps://ygutu.h`/4D=onKjgAkP
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: KNBE@TGT@XNVIN
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
>0
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin `e nctn
ar`mu`emin
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
mgrri`et`s d` nctn ar`mu`emin pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n cn npcimnmiýe d` cgs mnkpgs
knbeétimgs
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
- Iedimnmige`s
-- Mnsgs
Mgetrniedimnmige`s
mcëeimgs
4.- KNT@XINC VXGVG
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX CN PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/b`x]<6grQOY
lttps://ygutu.h`/\L4uuzL2P2N
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBENTPXN:
N]IBEN
TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: KIMXGMGXXI@ET@]
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
>1
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs
mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg
m ýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d`
kimrgmgrri`et`s
kimrgmgrri`et
`s pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n su `xpcimnmiýe prîmtimn.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
- Iedimnmige`s
- Mgetrniedimnmige`s
-4.Mnsgs
mcëeimgsVXGVG
KNT@XINC
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/]kWYXgDpaQK
ANMPCTND D@ MI@EMIN] D@ CN ]NCPD
N]IBEN TPXN: @C@MTXGT@XNVIN
N]IBENTPXN:
TITPCG D@ CN VXÎMTIMN: NCTG QGCTNJ@
A@MLN] D@ X@NCIZNMIGE
EPK@X
EPK@XG
G D@ VXNMTIMN
>2
>.- GHJ@TIQG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
D`snrrgccg d` cns lnhicidnd`s y d`str`zns pnrn `c kne`jg d` cn `c`mtrgt`rnpin
8.- MGKV@T@EMI
MGKV@T@EMIN
N D@ CN VXNMTIMN
T`e`r mgegmiki`etgs d`c t`kn, v`r mýkg `stî `c ncukeg `e cgs mgegmiki`etgs d` nctg
vgctnj` pnrn pgd`r dnr pnsg n su `xpcimnmiýe prîmtimn.
=.- MGET@EIDG
MGET@EIDG D@ CN VXNMTIMN
- Mgem`ptg.
- Net`m`d`et`s.
- Mcnsiaimnmiýe
- K`tgdgcgbën
- Dgsik`trën
- Iedimnmige`s
- Mgetrniedimnmige`s
-4.Mnsgs
mcëeimgsVXGVG
KNT@XINC
VXGVGXMIGE
XMIGENDG
NDG VGX C
CN
N PEIQ@X
PEIQ@X]IDND
]IDND
Vcntnagrkn virtunc K``t.
0.- KNT@XINC VGX @]TPDINET@, ]PHBXPVG Y/G BXPVG
Eiebueg
1.- X@^PI]ITG]
X@^PI]ITG] D@ IE
IEBX@]G
BX@]G N C
CN
N VXÎMTIMN
Lnh`r mukpcidg mge tgdns cns nmtividnd`s d`snrrgccndns `e cn mcns` t`ýrimn.
2.- HIHCIGBXNAIN D@ MGE]PCTN QIXTPNC
lttps://ygutu.h`/YZ8ig0lavpm
lttps://www.
lttps://www.t`rnpin-aisim
t`rnpin-aisimn.mgk/mgrri`e
n.mgk/mgrri`et`-nctg-vgct
t`-nctg-vgctnj`/
nj`/