Mosaic 1 ESO. Grammar and Vocabulary Reference

Starter
unit
Gramática
Subject pronouns and Possessive
adjectives
have got
Afirmativa
Negativa
Pronombres sujeto
Adjetivos posesivos
I’ve got
I haven’t got
I
my
You’ve got
You haven’t got
you
your
He / She / It’s got
He / She / It hasn’t got
he / she / it
his / her / its
We’ve got
We haven’t got
we
our
You’ve got
You haven’t got
you
your
They’ve got
They haven’t got
they
their
Interrogativa
Respuestas breves
Have I got … ?
Yes, I have.
No, I haven’t.
Have you got … ?
Yes, you have.
No, you haven’t.
Has he / she / it
got … ?
Yes, he / she / it
has.
No, he / she / it
hasn’t.
Nota: los pronombres sujeto nunca se pueden
omitir.
It is on the desk. NO Is on the desk.
Have we got … ?
Yes, we have.
No, we haven’t.
Have you got … ?
Yes, you have.
No, you haven’t.
Los adjetivos posesivos se colocan delante de los
sustantivos para indicar a quién pertenecen estos
últimos.
Have they got … ? Yes, they have.
No, they haven’t.
Uso
Have got se utiliza para indicar posesión o hablar de
los miembros de la familia.
He’s got a ruler.
We’ve got two pens.
I’ve got a sister.
Uso
Los pronombres sujeto sustituyen a sustantivos y
nombres propios.
Katy is English. She’s from Manchester.
My pencil is blue. This is our classroom.
Possessive ’s
Nota: en las respuestas breves no se incluye got.
Have you got a calculator? Yes, I have.
NO Yes, I have got.
La forma ’s se coloca detrás de los sustantivos en
singular.
the teacher’s desk Tom’s book
Se añade ’ a los sustantivos en plural acabados en s.
the students’ school bags my parents’ laptop
Imperatives
Añadimos ’s a los sustantivos en plural que no
acaban en s.
the children’s teacher the men’s chairs
Afirmativa
Negativa
Look at the book.
Don’t look at the book.
Uso
El posesivo en ’s se utiliza para indicar que algo
pertenece a alguien.
Katy’s dictionary the boys’ notebooks
Sit down.
Don’t sit down.
La forma de imperativo coincide con la del infinitivo
sin to.
La negativa se construye con Don’t seguido del
infinitivo sin to.
Uso
El imperativo se utiliza para dar instrucciones y
órdenes.
Open your books. Read the text.
Don’t talk. Don’t eat that.
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Starter unit
Gramática
Starter
unit
Vocabulario
Countries and nationalities
American (adj) /əˈmerɪkən/
Argentina (n) /ɑːdʒənˈtiːnə/
Argentinian (adj) /ɑːdʒənˈtɪniən/
Australia (n) /ɒˈstreɪliə/
Australian (adj) /ɒˈstreɪliən/
Brazil (n) /brəˈzɪl/
Brazilian (adj) /brəˈzɪliən/
British (adj) /ˈbrɪtɪʃ/
Canada (n) /ˈkænədə/
Canadian (adj) /kəˈneɪdiən/
China (n) /ˈtʃaɪnə/
Chinese (adj) /tʃaɪˈniːz/
Colombia (n) /kəˈlɒmbiə/
Colombian (adj) /kəˈlɒmbiən/
England (n) /ˈɪŋglənd/
English (adj) /ˈɪŋglɪʃ/
France (n) /frɑːns/
French (adj) /frentʃ/
German (adj) /ˈdʒɜːmən/
Germany (n) /ˈdʒɜːməni/
Greece (n) /griːs/
Greek (adj) /griːk/
India (n) /ˈɪndiə/
Indian (adj) /ˈɪndiən/
Ireland (n) /ˈaɪələnd/
Irish (adj) /ˈaɪrɪʃ/
Italian (adj) /ɪˈtæliən/
Italy (n) /ˈɪtəli/
Japan (n) /dʒəˈpæn/
Japanese (adj) /dʒæpəˈniːz/
Kenya (n) /ˈkenjə/
Kenyan (adj) /ˈkenjən/
Mexican (adj) /ˈmeksɪkən/
Mexico (n) /ˈmeksɪkəʊ/
Pakistan (n) /pækɪˈstæn, -ˈstɑːn/
Pakistani (adj) /pækɪˈstæni,
-ˈstɑːni/
Portugal (n) /ˈpɔːtʃʊgl/
Portuguese (adj) /pɔːtʃuˈgiːz/
Russia (n) /ˈrʌʃə/
Russian (adj) /ˈrʌʃn/
Scotland (n) /ˈskɒtlənd/
Scottish (adj) /ˈskɒtɪʃ/
South Africa (n) /ˌsaʊθ ˈæfrɪkə/
South African (adj) /ˌsaʊθ
ˈæfrɪkən/
Spain (n) /speɪn/
Spanish (adj) /ˈspænɪʃ/
the UK (n) /ðə ˌjuː ˈkeɪ/
the USA (n) /ðə ˌjuː ˌes ˈeɪ/
Turkey (n) /ˈtɜːki/
Turkish (adj) /ˈtɜːkɪʃ/
The classroom
estadounidense
Argentina
argentino, argentina
Australia
australiano, australiana
Brasil
brasileño, brasileña
británico, británica
Canadá
canadiense
China
chino, china
Colombia
colombiano, colombiana
Inglaterra
inglés, inglesa
Francia
francés, francesa
alemán, alemana
Alemania
Grecia
griego, griega
India
indio, india
Irlanda
irlandés, irlandesa
italiano, italiana
Italia
Japón
japonés, japonesa
Kenia
keniano, keniana
mexicano, mexicana
México
Paquistán
bin (n) /bɪn/
book (n) /bʊk/
calculator (n) /ˈkælkjəleɪtə(r)/
chair (n) /tʃeə(r)/
desk (n) /desk/
dictionary (n) /ˈdɪkʃnri/
door (n) /dɔː(r)/
laptop (n) /ˈlæptɒp/
notebook (n) /ˈnəʊtbʊk/
poster (n) /ˈpəʊstə(r)/
school bag (n) /ˈskuːl ˌbæg/
wall (n) /wɔːl/
whiteboard (n) /ˈwaɪtbɔːd/
window (n) /ˈwɪndəʊ/
paquistaní
Portugal
portugués, portuguesa
Rusia
ruso, rusa
Escocia
escocés, escocesa
Sudáfrica
Functional language
sudafricano, sudafricana
España
español, española
Reino Unido
Estados Unidos
Turquía
turco, turca
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Starter unit
papelera
libro
calculadora
silla
mesa, pupitre
diccionario
puerta
ordenador portátil
cuaderno
póster
mochila, bolsa
pared
pizarra blanca
ventana
Prepositions of place
behind /bɪˈhaɪnd/
between /bɪˈtwiːn/
in /ɪn/
in front of /ˌɪn ˈfrʌnt əv/
next to /ˈnekst tə/
on /ɒn/
under /ˈʌndə(r)/
detrás (de)
entre
en
delante de
junto a
sobre, encima de
bajo, debajo de
School subjects
Art (n) /ɑːt/
English (n) /ˈɪŋglɪʃ/
French (n) /frentʃ/
Geography (n) /dʒiˈɒgrəfi/
History (n) /ˈhɪstri/
Maths (n) /mæθs/
Music (n) /ˈmjuːzɪk/
PE (n) /ˌpiː ˈiː/
Science (n) /ˈsaɪəns/
Classroom language
Be quiet!
How do you spell ‘goodbye’?
Don’t eat in lessons!
What does ‘notebook’ mean?
Can you repeat that, please?
Put your hands up!
Vocabulario
arte
inglés
francés
geografía
historia
matemáticas
música
educación física
ciencias naturales
Gramática
Unit 1
Present simple: be
Afirmativa
there is / there are + a, an, some
and any
Negativa
Forma
completa
Forma
contracta
Forma
completa
Forma
contracta
I am
I’m
I am not
I’m not
You are
You’re
You are not
You aren’t
He is /
She is / It is
He’s /
She’s / It’s
He is not /
She is not /
It is not
He isn’t /
She isn’t /
It isn’t
We are
We’re
We are not
We aren’t
You are
You’re
You are not
You aren’t
They are
They’re
They are not They aren’t
Uso
El verbo be se utiliza para dar información sobre
una persona, un lugar o un objeto.
I am English.
Vigo is in Spain.
The books are on the desk.
La forma contracta se utiliza en el registro informal
de la lengua oral y escrita.
It’s Monday today.
You’re late.
Interrogativa
Respuestas breves
Am I … ?
Yes, I am.
No, I’m not.
Are you … ?
Yes, you are.
No, you aren’t.
Is he … ?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn’t.
Is she … ?
Yes, she is.
No, she isn’t.
Is it … ?
Yes, it is.
No, it isn’t.
Are we … ?
Yes, we are.
No, we aren’t.
Are you … ?
Yes, you are.
No, you aren’t.
Are they … ?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
Uso
La interrogativa con be se utiliza para formular
preguntas sobre una persona, un lugar o un objeto.
Nota: en las respuestas breves afirmativas, no se
utiliza la forma contracta del verbo (Yes, I am. NO
Yes, I’m.)
‘Is Harry in your class?’ ‘Yes, he is.’
‘Are those pens blue?’ ‘No, they aren’t.’
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 1 Gramática
Afirmativa
Forma completa
Forma contracta
Singular
There is a / an …
There’s a / an …
Plural
There are some …
—
Forma completa
Forma contracta
Singular
There is not a /
an …
There isn’t a /
an …
Plural
There are not
any …
There aren’t
any …
Negativa
Uso
La estructura there + be se utiliza para indicar si
algo existe o no.
There is a lift at school.
There isn’t a swimming pool.
Cuando el sustantivo está en plural, se utiliza la
forma de plural del verbo be.
There are some chairs.
There aren’t any windows.
En el registro informal de la lengua oral y escrita, se
utilizan las formas contractas.
Nota: no existe una forma contracta para There are.
There’s a big desk in my bedroom.
There isn’t a sofa and there aren’t any chairs.
There are four posters on the wall.
Los artículos a y an se utilizan con los sustantivos
en singular.
There’s a big TV.
There’s an orange door.
Some y any se utilizan con los sustantivos en plural;
some en oraciones afirmativas, y any en frases
negativas.
There are some books in my bag.
There aren’t any pens.
Unit 1
1.1
Vocabulario
Family
aunt (n) /ɑːnt/
brother (n) /ˈbrʌðə(r)/
child (n) /tʃaɪld/
children (n) /ˈtʃɪldrən/
cousin (n) /ˈkʌzn/
dad (n) /dæd/
daughter (n) /ˈdɔːtə(r)/
father (n) /ˈfɑːðə(r)/
grandfather (n)
/ˈɡrænfɑːðə(r)/
grandma (n) /ˈɡrænmɑː/
grandmother (n)
/ˈɡrænmʌðə(r)/
grandpa (n) /ˈɡrænpɑː/
husband (n) /ˈhʌzbənd/
mother (n) /ˈmʌðə(r)/
mum (n) /mʌm/
parents (n) /ˈpeərənts/
sister (n) /ˈsɪstə(r)/
son (n) /sʌn/
uncle (n) /ˈʌŋkl/
wife (n) /waɪf/
1.1
tía
hermano
hijo, hija, niño, niña
hijos, hijas; niños, niñas
primo, prima
padre, papá
hija
padre
1.3
1.4
gato
perro
pez, peces
mascota
conejo
reptil
serpiente
Functional language
Giving personal information
What’s your first name / surname / date of birth /
nationality?
What’s your address / postcode / phone number / email
address?
diferente
final
nuevo
viejo, (de) edad
principio
mismo, misma
Can I have an emergency contact number, please?
How do you spell that, please?
Sorry, can you repeat that, please?
Rooms and homes
balcony (n) /ˈbælkəni/
bathroom (n) /ˈbɑːθruːm,
-rʊm/
bedroom (n) /ˈbedruːm,
-rʊm/
dining room (n) /ˈdaɪnɪŋ
ˌruːm, ˌrʊm/
fireplace (n) /ˈfaɪəpleɪs/
garage (n) /ˈɡærɑːʒ, -rɪdʒ/
garden (n) /ˈɡɑːdn/
kitchen (n) /ˈkɪtʃɪn/
lift (n) /lɪft/
living room (n) /ˈlɪvɪŋ
ˌruːm, ˌrʊm/
patio (n) /ˈpætiəʊ/
stairs (n) /steəz/
toilet (n) /ˈtɔɪlət/
increíble
precioso
fantástico
extraño
feo
peculiar, poco común
Extra vocabulary
cat (n) /kæt/
dog (n) /dɒɡ/
fish (n) /fɪʃ/
pet (n) /pet/
rabbit (n) /ˈræbɪt/
reptile (n) /ˈreptaɪl/
snake (n) /sneɪk/
abuelo
abuela
abuela
abuelo
marido
madre
madre, mamá
padres, padre y madre
hermana
hijo
tío
mujer, esposa
Extra vocabulary
amazing (adj) /əˈmeɪzɪŋ/
beautiful (adj) /ˈbjuːtɪfl/
fantastic (adj) /fænˈtæstɪk/
strange (adj) /streɪndʒ/
ugly (adj) /ˈʌɡli/
unusual (adj) /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/
Extra vocabulary
different (adj) /ˈdɪfrənt/
end (n) /end/
new (adj) /njuː/
old (adj) /əʊld/
start (n) /stɑːt/
same (adj) /seɪm/
1.2
1.2
balcón
(cuarto de) baño
dormitorio
comedor
chimenea
garaje
jardín
cocina
ascensor
sala de estar
patio
escaleras
baño, aseo
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 1 Vocabulario
1.5
Extra vocabulary
alarm clock (n) /əˈlɑːm klɒk/
bed (n) /bed/
bedside table (n)
/ˈbedsaɪd ˈteɪbl/
chair (n) /tʃeə(r)/
desk (n) /desk/
laptop (n) /ˈlæptɒp/
sofa (n) / ˈsəʊfə/
TV (n) /ˌtiː ˈviː/
wardrobe (n) /ˈwɔːdrəʊb/
despertador
cama
mesilla
silla
mesa, escritorio
ordenador portátil
sofá
tele
armario
Gramática
Unit 2
Present simple: affirmative and
negative
Afirmativa
I / You / We / They eat
fruit.
He / She / It
fruit.
eats
Present simple: questions
Interrogativa
Do
I / you /
we / they
eat fruit?
Yes, I /
you / we /
they do.
No, I /
you / we /
they don’t.
Does
he / she /
it
eat fruit?
Yes, he /
she / it
does.
No, he /
she / it
doesn’t.
Negativa
I / You / We / They don’t eat
fruit.
He / She / It
fruit.
doesn’t eat
Uso
El present simple se utiliza para referirse a hábitos y
acciones que se repiten.
I watch TV every day.
He gets up at seven o’clock.
También se emplea el present simple para hablar de
cosas permanentes y ciertas.
We live in Africa.
Elephants make a lot of noise.
La forma afirmativa del present simple se construye
con el infinitivo sin to. En la tercera persona del
singular (he/she/it), se añade -s o -es al verbo.
I clean – he cleans
you go – she goes
Nota: cuando el verbo acaba en -y, esta se elimina
antes de añadir -ies; si acaba en -sh o -ch, se añade
-es.
you study – she studies
they wash – it washes I teach – she teaches
La forma negativa del present simple se construye
con do not o does not + el infinitivo sin to. En el
registro informal de la lengua oral y escrita, se
utilizan las formas contractas.
I don’t eat fruit.
She doesn’t make breakfast.
Respuestas breves
Uso
La forma interrogativa del present simple se
utiliza para formular preguntas sobre hábitos y
acciones que se repiten, o para descubrir si algo es
permanente o cierto.
Do you make your bed?
Does she live in the UK?
En las respuestas breves afirmativas, se utiliza do o
does; en las respuestas breves negativas, se emplea
don’t o doesn’t.
Do they speak Spanish?
Yes, they do.
Does he listen to music?
No, he doesn’t.
En preguntas encabezadas por Wh-, la partícula
interrogativa se coloca al comienzo. Estas frases
siempre incluyen do o does.
What do you eat?
NO What you eat?
When does she watch TV?
Subject and object pronouns
Pronombres sujeto
Pronombres objeto
I
me
you
you
he
him
she
her
it
it
we
us
you
you
they
them
Uso
Los pronombres objeto siguen a un verbo o una
preposición.
I like chocolate. I like it.
I play with my friends. I play with them.
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 2 Gramática
Unit 2
2.1
Vocabulario
brush your hair (v) /ˌbrʌʃ
ˌjɔː ˈheə(r)/
clean your room (v) /ˌkliːn
ˌjɔː ˈruːm, ˈrʊm/
eat fruit (v) /ˌiːt ˈfruːt/
feed an animal (v) /ˌfiːd
ən ˈænɪml/
get changed (v) /ˌɡet
ˈtʃeɪndʒd/
get up early (v) /ˌɡet ˌʌp
ˈɜːli/
go for a walk (v) /ˌɡəʊ ˌfər
ə ˈwɔːk/
go home (v) /ˌɡəʊ ˈhəʊm/
have a bath / shower (v)
/ˌhæv ə ˈbɑːθ, ˈʃaʊə(r)/
make breakfast (v) /ˌmeɪk
ˈbrekfəst/
make the bed (v) /ˌmeɪk ðə
ˈbed/
wash your hands (v) /ˌwɒʃ
ˌjɔː ˈhændz/
2.1
peinarse
limpiar la habitación
comer fruta
dar de comer a un animal
cambiarse
2.2
dar un paseo
irse a casa
darse un baño
preparar el desayuno
hacer la cama
2.3
cobrar
en peligro
lago
ruido
voluntario, voluntaria
2.4
Free time activities
chat online (v) /ˌtʃæt
ɒnˈlaɪn/
do free running (v) /ˌduː
ˈfriː ˌrʌnɪŋ/
go orienteering (v) /ˌɡəʊ
ɔːriənˈtɪərɪŋ/
go shopping (v) /ˌɡəʊ
ˈʃɒpɪŋ/
go to the beach (v) /ˌɡəʊ tə
ðə ˈbiːtʃ/
go to the cinema (v) /ˌɡəʊ tə
ðə ˈsɪnəmə/
hang out with friends (v)
/ˌhæŋ ˌaʊt ˌwɪð ˈfrendz/
jugar con juegos electrónicos
cantar en un coro
ver la tele
aburrido
peligroso
emocionante
divertido
interesante
que da miedo
otoño
flores de los árboles
barco, barca
trajes, disfraces
fuegos artificiales
cosecha
primavera
verano
invierno
Functional language
Making invitations
chatear on line
practicar el free running
practicar la orientación
ir de compras
ir a la playa
ir al cine
salir con los amigos
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
tocar un instrumento
Extra vocabulary
autumn (n) /ˈɔːtəm/
blossoms (n) /ˈblɒsəmz/
boat (n) /bəʊt/
costumes (n) /ˈkɒstjuːmz/
fireworks (n) /ˈfaɪəˌwɜːks/
harvest (n) /ˈhɑːvɪst/
spring (n) /sprɪŋ/
summer (n) /ˈsʌmə(r)/
winter (n) /ˈwɪntə(r)/
lavarse las manos
escuchar música
Extra vocabulary
boring (adj) /ˈbɔːrɪŋ/
dangerous (adj)
/ˈdeɪndʒərəs/
exciting (adj) /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/
fun (adj) /fʌn/
interesting (adj)
/ˈɪntrəstɪŋ, ˈɪntrestɪŋ/
scary (adj) /ˈskeəri/
levantarse temprano
Extra vocabulary
get paid (v) /ˌɡet ˈpeɪd/
in danger (prep + n) /ˌɪn
ˈdeɪndʒə(r)/
lake (n) /leɪk/
noise (n) /nɔɪz/
volunteer (n) /vɒlənˈtɪə(r)/
2.2
listen to music (v) /ˌlɪsn tə
ˈmjuːzɪk/
play an instrument (v) /ˌpleɪ
ən ˈɪnstrəmənt/
play computer games (v)
/ˌpleɪ kəmˈpjuːtə ˌɡeɪmz/
sing in a choir (v) /ˌsɪŋ ˌɪn ə
ˈkwaɪə(r)/
watch TV (v) /ˌwɒtʃ ˌtiː ˈviː/
Daily routine
Unit 2 Vocabulario
What do you do on Fridays?
What time does it start / finish?
How about Saturday?
When can we meet?
Do you want to … ?
Are you free on Wednesdays?
Accepting and refusing invitations
Sorry. I’m busy.
I play the piano on Fridays.
Yes, that’s fine.
That’s good for me.
Gramática
Unit 3
like + -ing / noun
Adverbs of frequency
I / You / We / They like
100%
He / She / It
always
listening to
music.
likes
I / You / We / They like
He / She / It
80%
Do
I / you /
we / they
Does
he / she /
it
Do
I / you /
we / they
Does
he / she /
it
usually
65%
often
50%
sometimes
likes
like
listening
to music?
I / You /
We / They
love it.
He / She /
It loves it.
like
science
lessons?
I / You /
We / They
love them.
He / She /
It loves
them.
Uso
La estructura like + verbo en -ing / sustantivo se
utiliza para indicar que algo nos gusta.
I like swimming.
He likes after-school clubs.
0%
never
Uso
Estos adverbios se utilizan para indicar con qué
frecuencia realizamos las acciones.
Cuando acompañan al verbo be, se colocan detrás
de él.
I am always in the canteen at 12.45.
Assemblies are usually interesting.
Sin embargo, los adverbios de frecuencia se
colocan delante del resto de los verbos.
We sometimes watch TV before school.
Harry never goes to bed early.
En la forma interrogativa, los adverbios de
frecuencia siguen al sujeto.
Are science lessons always fun?
Do you often go to the library at break?
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
science lessons.
Unit 3 Gramática
Para responder a preguntas que comienzan por
Do you like … ?, no se repite la forma en -ing o el
sustantivo. En singular se utiliza it, y en plural, them.
Do you like swimming? I love it.
Do you like exciting sports? I love them.
También podemos expresar en qué medida nos
gusta o no nos gusta algo.
I’m crazy about photography.
J
I love photography.
I like photography.
I don’t mind photography.
I hate photography.
I can’t stand photography.
L
Unit 3
3.1
Vocabulario
School
3.2
canteen (n) /kænˈtiːn/
cafetería (del instituto)
changing room (n)
/ˈtʃeɪndʒɪŋ ˌruːm, ˌrʊm/
vestuario
coach (n) /kəʊtʃ/
entrenador, entrenadora
hall (n) /hɔːl/
entrada
head teacher (n) /ˌhed
director, directora de
ˈtiːtʃə(r)/ instituto
ICT suite (n) /ˌaɪ ˌsiː ˈtiː
ˌswiːt/
sala de informática
library (n) /ˈlaɪbrəri/
biblioteca
playground (n) /ˈpleɪɡraʊnd/ patio
playing fields (n) /ˈpleɪɪŋ
ˌfiːldz/
zona deportiva
science lab (n) /ˈsaɪəns ˌlæb/ laboratorio de ciencias
sports hall (n) /ˈspɔːts ˌhɔːl/ gimnasio
staffroom (n) /ˈstɑːfruːm,
-rʊm/
sala de profesores
3.1
3.2
timbre
descanso, recreo
sueño
suerte
control de asistencia
Sports and sports equipment
basketball (n) /ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl/
belt (n) /belt/
goggles (n) /ˈɡɒɡlz/
hockey (n) /ˈhɒki/
hoop (n) /huːp/
ice skating (n) /ˈaɪs ˌskeɪtɪŋ/
judo (n) /ˈdʒuːdəʊ/
racket (n) /ˈrækɪt/
running (n) /ˈrʌnɪŋ/
scuba diving (n) /ˈskuːbə
ˌdaɪvɪŋ/
skates (n) /skeɪts/
stick (n) /stɪk/
swimming (n) /ˈswɪmɪŋ/
tennis (n) /ˈtenɪs/
trainers (n) /ˈtreɪnəz/
wetsuit (n) /ˈwetsuːt/
can’t stand (v) /ˌkɑːnt ˈstænd/
hate (v) /heɪt/
love (v) /lʌv/
(not) be crazy about (v)
/(nɒt) bi ˈkreɪzi əˌbaʊt/
(not) like (v) /(nɒt) ˈlaɪk/
not mind (v) /(nɒt) ˈmaɪnd/
3.3
(no) volver loco
(no) gustar
no importar
Extra vocabulary
meet (v) /miːt/
ride (v) /raɪd/
spend (v) /spend/
stay (v) /steɪ/
wear (v) /weə(r)/
3.4
no soportar
odiar, detestar
encantar
verse, quedar
ir en
pasar (tiempo)
alojarse
llevar (puesto)
Functional language
Making suggestions
Extra vocabulary
bell (n) /bel/
break (n) /breɪk/
dream (n) /driːm/
luck (n) /ˈlʌk/
registration (n)
/redʒɪˈstreɪʃn/
Extra vocabulary
baloncesto
cinturón
gafas (para nadar)
hockey
aro, canasta
patinaje sobre hielo
judo
raqueta
correr
(practicar) submarinismo
patines
palo, stick
natación
tenis
zapatillas deportivas
traje de neopreno
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 3 Vocabulario
How about playing ice hockey?
Let’s do street dance.
Shall we do fashion design?
Why don’t we go to the music club?
Giving opinions
That’s a good / bad idea.
That sounds interesting / boring / dangerous.
I’m not sure.
No, thanks! I don’t want to do that.
Unit 4
Gramática
Comparative adjectives
Formación
Adjetivo
Comparativo
Adjetivos breves
fast
faster
Adjetivos breves acabados en -e
strange
stranger
Adjetivos breves acabados en vocal + consonante
big
bigger
Adjetivos acabados en -y
scary
scarier
Adjetivos largos
frightening
more frightening
Adjetivos irregulares
good
bad
better
worse
Se añade -er
Se añade -r
La consonante se duplica, y se añade -er
La -y se elimina antes de añadir -ier
Se añade more delante del adjetivo
¡Hay que aprendérselos!
Uso
Los adjetivos en grado comparativo se utilizan para comparar dos personas, lugares o
cosas.
La partícula than a menudo sigue al adjetivo en grado comparativo.
I’m older than you.
London is bigger than Madrid.
Books are more interesting than films.
Superlative adjectives
Formación
Adjetivos breves
Adjetivo
Comparativo
cold
coldest
Adjetivos breves acabados en -e
strange
strangest
Adjetivos breves acabados en vocal + consonante
hot
hottest
Adjetivos acabados en -y
dry
driest
Adjetivos largos
popular
most popular
Adjetivos irregulares
good
bad
best
worst
Se añade -est
Se añade -st
La consonante se duplica, y se añade -est
La -y se elimina antes de añadir -iest
Se añade most delante del adjetivo
¡Hay que aprendérselos!
Uso
Los adjetivos en grado superlativo se utilizan para comparar una persona, un lugar o una
cosa con otros dos elementos o más.
El artículo the se añade delante del adjetivo en grado superlativo.
I’m the youngest person in my family.
Galicia is the wettest region in Spain.
Maths is the most difficult subject I study.
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 4 Gramática
Unit 4
4.1
Vocabulario
Adjectives
boring (adj) /ˈbɔ:riŋ/
cheap (adj) /tʃiːp/
crowded (adj) /ˈkraʊdɪd/
dangerous (adj) /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/
difficult (adj) /ˈdɪfɪkəlt/
easy (adj) /ˈiːzi/
enjoyable (adj) /ɪnˈdʒɔɪəbl/
exciting (adj) /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/
expensive (adj) /ɪkˈspensɪv/
fast (adj) /fɑːst/
frightening (adj) /ˈfraɪtnɪŋ/
high (adj) /haɪ/
long (adj) /lɒŋ/
low (adj) /ləʊ/
near (adj) /nɪə(r)/
noisy (adj) /ˈnɔɪzi/
quiet (adj) /ˈkwaɪət/
safe (adj) /seɪf/
short (adj) /ʃɔːt/
slow (adj) /sləʊ/
surprising (adj) /səˈpraɪzɪŋ/
4.1
aburrido
barato
lleno de gente
peligroso
difícil
fácil
agradable
emocionante
caro
rápido
que da miedo
alto
largo
bajo
cerca de
ruidoso
callado, (guardar) silencio
seguro
bajo, pequeño
lento
sorprendente
Extra vocabulary
queue (n) /kjuː/
ride (n) /raɪd/
roller coaster (n)
/ˈrəʊlə ˌkəʊstə(r)/
show (n) /ʃəʊ/
theme park (n) /ˈθiːm ˌpɑːk/
4.2
4.2
fila, cola
ir en
montaña rusa
espectáculo, función
parque temático
Weather
cloudy (adj) /ˈklaʊdi/
cold (adj) /kəʊld/
dry (adj) /draɪ/
foggy (adj) /ˈfɒɡi/
hot (adj) /hɒt/
icy (adj) /ˈaɪsi/
rain (n) /reɪn/
snow (n) /snəʊ/
sunny (adj) /ˈsʌni/
thunderstorm (n)
/ˈθʌndəstɔːm/
warm (adj) /wɔːm/
wet (adj) /wet/
windy (adj) /ˈwɪndi/
Extra vocabulary
cloud (n) /klaʊd/
fog (n) /fɒɡ/
heat (n) /hiːt/
ice (n) /aɪs/
rainy (adj) /ˈreɪni/
snowy (adj) /ˈsnəʊi/
storm (n) /ˈstɔːm/
stormy (adj) /ˈstɔːmi/
sun (n) /sʌn/
wind (n) /wɪnd/
4.3
Extra vocabulary
bring (v) /brɪŋ/
camera (n) /ˈkæmərə/
fly (v) /flaɪ/
forget (v) /fəˈɡet/
headphones (n) /ˈhedfəʊnz/
journey (n) /ˈdʒɜːni/
ride (n) /raɪd/
travel (v) /ˈtrævl/
trip (n) /trɪp/
4.4
nube
niebla
calor
hielo
lluvioso
nieve
tormenta
(haber) tormenta
sol
viento
traer, llevar
cámara
volar
olvidar
auriculares
viaje
ir en
viajar
viaje
Functional language
Asking for travel information
What’s the best way to get there?
When’s the next train?
How long does the journey take?
nublado, nuboso
frío
seco
(haber) niebla
caliente, (hacer) calor
helado
lluvia
nieve
soleado
tormenta eléctrica
caliente
mojado, húmedo
ventoso, con viento
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 4 Vocabulario
It takes about …
How often do the buses / trains leave?
They go every 20 minutes / hour / two hours.
How much is a ticket?
Single / return
Unit 5
Gramática
Present continuous: affirmative
and negative
Sujeto + be (not) + forma en -ing del verbo
Afirmativa
Negativa
I’m
flying.
I’m not
flying.
You’re
flying.
You aren’t
flying.
He’s
flying.
He isn’t
flying.
She’s
flying.
She isn’t
flying.
It’s
flying.
It isn’t
flying.
We’re
flying.
We aren’t
flying.
You’re
flying.
You aren’t
flying.
They’re
flying.
They aren’t
flying.
Nota: forma en -ing del verbo
Con la mayoría de los verbos, se añade -ing.
fly – flying eat – eating
Cuando el verbo acaba en -e, esta vocal se elimina
antes de añadir -ing.
dive – diving practise – practising
Con verbos acabados en vocal + consonante, la
consonante se duplica, y se añade -ing.
sit – sitting swim – swimming
Uso
El present continuous se utiliza para describir
acciones que se están desarrollando mientras
hablamos.
I’m watching TV.
He’s writing an email.
They’re playing hockey.
Present continuous: questions
be + sujeto + forma en -ing del verbo
Interrogativa
Respuestas breves
Am I flying?
Yes, I am.
No, I’m not.
Are you flying?
Yes, you are.
No, you aren’t.
Is he flying?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn’t.
Is she flying?
Yes, she is.
No, she isn’t.
Is it flying?
Yes, it is.
No, it isn’t.
Are we flying?
Yes, we are.
No, we aren’t.
Are you flying?
Yes, you are.
No, you aren’t.
Are they flying?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
Preguntas encabezadas por partículas en WhWhat are you doing?
I’m playing computer
games.
Uso
La forma interrogativa del present continuous se
utiliza para preguntar acerca de acciones que se
están desarrollando mientras hablamos.
Nota: en respuestas breves, se incluye el verbo be,
pero no la forma en -ing del verbo.
‘Are you studying?’ ‘Yes, I am.’
‘Is he sailing a boat?’ ‘No, he isn’t.’
Present continuous and Present simple
Uso
Present continuous = acciones que se dan mientras hablamos
Present simple = rutinas y acciones que se repiten
Las frases en present continuous suelen contener expresiones como now y at the moment.
We’re having dinner now.
What are you doing at the moment?
Las frases en present simple suelen incluir adverbios de frecuencia.
We often have dinner at 7.00 p.m.
What do you usually do on Saturdays?
Nota: verbos como think, like, love, hate y want no se utilizan en present continuous.
I think sport is fun. We like football.
NO I’m thinking sport is fun. We’re liking football.
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 5 Gramática
Unit 5
5.1
Vocabulario
Action verbs
build (v) /bɪld/
carry (v) /ˈkæri/
climb (v) /klaɪm/
close (v) /kləʊz/
dive (v) /daɪv/
draw (v) /drɔː/
fly (v) /flaɪ/
hold (v) /həʊld/
jump (v) /dʒʌmp/
open (v) /ˈəʊpən/
practise (v) /ˈpræktɪs/
sail (v) /seɪl/
5.1
Having a phone conversation
Can I speak to … ?
globo
blog
enorme
maqueta
minúsculo
Please tell him / her …
Equipment
backpack (n) /ˈbækpæk/
mochila
binoculars (n) /bɪˈnɒkjələz/
prismáticos
compass (n) /ˈkʌmpəs/
brújula
first-aid kit (n) /ˌfɜːst ˈeɪd
botiquín de primeros
ˌkɪt/ auxilios
insect repellent (n) /ˈɪnsekt
rɪˌpelənt/
repelente de insectos
map (n) /mæp/
mapa
sleeping bag (n) /ˈsliːpɪŋ
ˌbæɡ/
saco de dormir
sunscreen (n) /ˈsʌnskriːn/
crema de protección solar
tent (n) /tent/
tienda de campaña
tools (n) /tuːlz/
herramientas
torch (n) /tɔːtʃ/
linterna
waterproof jacket
/ˌwɔːtəpruːf ˈdʒækɪt/
anorak, impermeable
5.3
Extra vocabulary
audition (n) /ɔːˈdɪʃn/
charity (n) /ˈtʃærəti/
lively (adj) /ˈlaɪvli/
musician (n) /mjuˈzɪʃn/
try (v) /traɪ/
Functional language
construir
llevar
subir
cerrar
zambullirse, meterse
dibujar
volar
sujetar
saltar
abrir
ensayar
navegar
Extra vocabulary
balloon (n) /bəˈluːn/
blog (n) /blɒɡ/
huge (adj) /hjuːdʒ/
model (n) /ˈmɒdl/
tiny (adj) /ˈtaɪni/
5.2
5.4
casting, audición
asociación benéfica
alegre, animado
músico, música
probar, intentar
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 5 Vocabulario
He / She isn’t here at the moment.
Who’s calling?
It’s … .
Do you want to leave a message?
Can you ask him / her to call … ?
Unit 6
Gramática
Countable and uncountable nouns
can / can’t
Sustantivos
contables en plural
Sustantivos
incontables
Afirmativa
There are some /
a lot of grapes.
There’s some /
a lot of water.
Negativa
There aren’t any /
many books.
There isn’t any /
much rice.
Afirmativa
I / You / He / She / can
It / We / They
go to the cinema
tonight.
Negativa
I / You / He / She / can’t
It / We / They
wear trainers to
school.
Interrogativa
Respuestas breves
Can
Yes, I / you / he / she /
it / we / they can.
No, I / you / he / she /
it / we / they can’t.
I / you / he / go out?
she / it /
we / they
Uso
Can/can’t se utilizan para dar y pedir permiso, y
también para describir capacidades.
Permiso
Capacidad
Can I open the window?
I can speak English.
He can’t go to the party.Can you play an
instrument?
Nota: can/can’t siempre van acompañados del
infinitivo sin to.
He can ride a bike. NO He can to ride a bike.
must / mustn’t
Afirmativa
I / You / He / She / must
It / We / They
go home at
10.00 p.m.
Interrogativa How
There are
many
…
people
are there?
How
There’s
much
…
bread is
there?
Is there
Are there Yes,
there
any
any
bread?
people? are.
No, there
aren’t.
Yes,
there
is. No,
there
isn’t.
Nota: los sustantivos contables tienen una forma
para el singular y otra para el plural; los incontables,
sin embargo, tienen una única forma. Con los
sustantivos incontables no se utilizan a / an ni los
números.
Sustantivos
contables
a cap two caps
an onion four onions
Sustantivos
incontables
salt two salts
fruit three fruits
Uso
Some, any y a lot of se utilizan con sustantivos
contables en plural y sustantivos incontables.
be late for school.
Some se utiliza en frases afirmativas para describir
una cantidad indefinida de algo.
There are some people in the room.
There’s some food on the table.
Uso
Must / mustn’t se utilizan para expresar obligación y
prohibición.
A lot of se utiliza en frases afirmativas e indica que
hay una gran cantidad de algo.
There are a lot of magazines.
There’s a lot of bread.
Negativa
I / You / He / She / mustn’t
It / We / They
Obligación
Prohibición
I must get up at 6.45 a.m.You mustn’t take photos
in the pool.
They must wear
We mustn’t use our
a uniform.
phones in class.
Nota: must / mustn’t siempre van acompañados del
infinitivo sin to.
You must wear goggles. NO You must to wear
goggles.
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 6 Gramática
Any se utiliza en negativa e interrogativa.
There aren’t any pens. There isn’t any water.
Are there any pens? Is there any water?
Many acompaña a los sustantivos en plural en
frases negativas.
There aren’t many spices.
Much se utiliza con sustantivos incontables en
oraciones negativas.
There isn’t much meat.
Unit 6
6.1
Vocabulario
Food
beans (n) /biːnz/
beef (n) /biːf/
bread (n) /bred/
cheese (n) /tʃiːz/
chicken (n) /ˈtʃɪkɪn/
chickpeas (n) /ˈtʃɪkpiːz/
chilli sauce (n) /ˌtʃɪli ˈsɔːs/
grapes (n) /ɡreɪps/
jam (n) /dʒæm/
mushrooms (n) /ˈmʌʃrʊmz,
-ruːmz/
oil (n) /ɔɪl/
onion (n) /ˈʌnjən/
rice (n) /raɪs/
salt and pepper (n) /ˌsɒlt ən
ˈpepə(r)/
spices (n) /ˈspaɪsɪz/
sugar (n) /ˈʃʊɡə(r)/
yoghurt (n) /ˈjɒɡət/
6.1
judías
carne de vaca
pan
queso
pollo
garbanzos
salsa de chile
uva
mermelada, confitura
sal y pimienta
especias
azúcar
yogur
6.4
add (v) /æd/
chop (v) /tʃɒp/
cook (v) /kʊk/
heat (v) /hiːt/
mix (v) /mɪks/
6.4
Ordering in a restaurant
What can I get you?
What would you like (to drink)?
And to drink / for dessert?
una pila
una gorra
chicle, goma de mascar
chocolate
gomina
un helado
joyas
un llavero
una revista
una funda de teléfono móvil
laca de uñas
una cartera
dulces
agua
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 6 Vocabulario
diseñador/a gráfico/a
escultura
pintura en spray
plantilla
añadir
trocear
cocinar, preparar
calor
mezclar
Functional language
Are you ready to order?
crujiente
sano, saludable
salado
picante, especiado
dulce
sabroso
lienzo
dibujos animados, viñetas
Extra vocabulary
The waiter
At the market
a battery (n) /ə ˈbætəri/
a cap (n) /ə ˈkæp/
chewing gum (n) /ˈtʃuːɪŋ
ˌɡʌm/
chocolate (n) /ˈtʃɒklət/
hair gel (n) /ˈheə ˌdʒel/
an ice cream (n) /ən ˌaɪs
ˈkriːm/
jewellery (n) /ˈdʒuːəlri/
a key ring (n) /ə ˈkiː ˌrɪŋ/
a magazine (n) /ə mægəˈziːn/
a mobile phone case (n)
/ə ˌməʊbaɪl ˈfəʊn ˌkeɪs/
nail varnish (n) /ˈneɪl ˌvɑːnɪʃ/
a purse (n) /ə ˈpɜːs/
sweets (n) /swiːts/
water (n) /ˈwɔːtə(r)/
Extra vocabulary
canvas (n) /ˈkænvəs/
cartoon (n) /kɑːˈtuːn/
graphic designer (n)
/ˈɡræfɪk dɪˌzaɪnə(r)/
sculpture (n) /ˈskʌlptʃə(r)/
spray paint (n) /ˈspreɪ ˌpeɪnt/
stencil (n) /ˈstensl/
champiñones
aceite
cebolla
arroz
Extra vocabulary
crunchy (adj) /ˈkrʌntʃi/
healthy (adj) /ˈhelθi/
salty (adj) /ˈsɔːlti/
spicy (adj) /ˈspaɪsi/
sweet (adj) /swiːt/
tasty (adj) /ˈteɪsti/
6.2
6.3
The customer
I’d like / I’ll have … , please.
Can I have … ?
Is there any … ?
Does it come with … ?
Can we have the bill, please?
Gramática
Unit 7
Past simple: verbos regulares
was / were
Afirmativa
Afirmativa
I / He / She / It
was
You / We / They
were
small.
talked.
Negativa
Negativa
I / He / She / It
wasn’t
You / We / They
weren’t
Interrogativa
Was I / he / she /
it
I / You / He / She / It / We /
They
small.
Respuestas breves
small?
Were you / we /
they
Yes, I / he / she / it
was.
No, I / he / she /
it wasn’t.
Yes, you / we / they
were.
No, you / we / they
weren’t.
Uso
Was / were se utilizan para dar información sobre
una persona, un lugar o un objeto en el pasado.
Max wasn’t at school.
The beach was crowded.
Miniskirts were popular.
Nota: there was / there were son las formas de
pasado de there is / there are.
There was a beautiful dress in the shop.
There weren’t many people in the park.
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 7 Gramática
I / You / He / She / didn’t
It / We / They
talk.
Uso
El past simple se utiliza para describir acciones y
situaciones del pasado.
We watched TV last night.
I visited London in 2012.
Past simple afirmativa: formación
Con la mayoría de los verbos regulares, se añade
-ed.
walk – walked explain – explained
Con verbos regulares acabados en -e, se añade -d.
describe – described phone – phoned
Con verbos acabados en vocal + consonante, la
consonante se duplica y se añade -ed.
rob – robbed travel – travelled
Con verbos regulares acabados en -y, esta se omite
antes de añadir -ied.
carry – carried
try – tried
Las oraciones en past simple a menudo incluyen
expresiones temporales de pasado.
I talked to Jenna yesterday.
Last week we travelled to Australia.
They sailed a boat at the weekend.
Unit 7
7.1
Vocabulario
Clothes
boots (n) /buːts/
cap (n) /kæp/
cardigan (n) /ˈkɑːdɪɡən/
dress (n) /dres/
hat (n) /hæt/
hoodie (n) /ˈhʊdi/
jacket (n) /ˈdʒækɪt/
jeans (n) /dʒiːnz/
leggings (n) /ˈleɡɪŋz/
sandals (n) /ˈsændlz/
shirt (n) /ʃɜːt/
shoes (n) /ʃuːz/
shorts (n) /ʃɔːts/
skirt (n) /skɜːt/
socks (n) /sɒks/
sweatshirt (n) /ˈswetʃɜːt/
top (n) /tɒp/
trousers (n) /ˈtraʊzəz/
T-shirt (n) /ˈtiːʃɜːt/
7.1
7.2
7.3
holgado
cuello
de moda, moderno
capucha
mangas
ajustado
Hair style / type
bald (adj) /bɔːld/
curly (adj) /ˈkɜːli/
long (adj) /lɒŋ/
medium-length (adj)
/ˈmiːdiəm ˌleŋθ/
short (adj) /ʃɔːt/
straight (adj) /streɪt/
wavy (adj) /ˈweɪvi/
gordo
de altura media
bajo, pequeño
delgado, esbelto
alto
corpulento
calvo
rizado
largo
ni corto ni largo
corto
liso
ondulado
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 7 Vocabulario
Special features
beard (n) /bɪəd/
freckles (n) /ˈfreklz/
glasses (n) /ˈɡlɑːsɪz/
moustache (n) /məˈstɑːʃ/
barba
pecas
gafas
bigote
Extra vocabulary
7.4
detener, arrestar
robar
ladrón, ladrona
sospechoso, sospechosa
Extra vocabulary
breathe (v) /briːð/
float (v) /fləʊt/
gloves (n) /ɡlʌvz/
gravity (n) /ˈɡrævəti/
helmet (n) /ˈhelmɪt/
land (v) /lænd/
orbit (v) /ˈɔːbɪt/
space station (n) /speɪs
ˈsteɪʃn/
space suit (n) /speɪs suːt/
take off (v) /ˌteɪk ˈɒf/
Appearance
General appearance
fat (adj) /fæt/
of average height (adj)
/əv ˈævərɪdʒ ˌhaɪt/
short (adj) /ʃɔːt/
slim (adj) /slɪm/
tall (adj) /tɔːl/
well-built (adj) /ˌwel ˈbɪlt/
rubio
castaño
oscuro
pelirrojo, rojizo
cano
blanco
arrest (v) /əˈrest/
rob (v) /rɒb/
robber (n) /ˈrɒbə(r)/
suspect (n) /ˈsʌspekt/
Extra vocabulary
baggy (adj) /ˈbæɡi/
collar (n) /ˈkɒlə(r)/
fashionable (adj)
/ˈfæʃnəbl/
hood (n) /hʊd/
sleeves (n) /sliːvz/
tight (adj) /taɪt/
7.2
botas
gorra
chaqueta de punto
vestido
sombrero
sudadera con capucha
chaqueta
vaqueros
mallas
sandalias
camisa
zapatos
pantalones cortos
falda
calcetines
sudadera
top, camiseta
pantalones
camiseta de manga corta
Hair colour
blond (adj) /blɒnd/
brown (adj) /braʊn/
dark (adj) /dɑːk/
ginger (adj) /ˈdʒɪndʒə(r)/
grey (adj) /ɡreɪ/
white (adj) /waɪt/
respirar
flotar
guantes
gravedad
casco
aterrizar
girar alrededor de
estación espacial
traje espacial
despegar
Functional language
Shopping for clothes
Shop assistant
Can I help you?
What size are you?
What colour would you like?
The changing rooms are …
Does it fit?
Customer
I’m looking for (a new jacket).
I’m a Small / Medium / Large.
Can I try it / them on?
It’s too big / small.
Can I try a smaller / bigger size?
How much is it / are they?
Unit 8
Gramática
Past simple: irregular and
regular verbs
Verbos
regulares
Past simple: questions
Interrogativa
Sujeto
Afirmativa
Negativa
I / You / He /
She / It /
We / They
climbed.
lived.
stopped.
didn’t climb.
didn’t live.
didn’t stop.
Uso
El past simple se utiliza para describir acciones y
situaciones del pasado.
La forma de past simple es la misma para todas las
personas del verbo.
I climbed the mountain.
He climbed the mountain.
They climbed the mountain.
Con la mayoría de los verbos regulares, la forma de
past simple se construye añadiendo -ed.
walk – walked explain – explained
La negativa se forma colocando didn’t delante del
infinitivo del verbo sin to.
I didn’t go to the beach. We didn’t swim in the river.
Verbos
irregulares
Sujeto
Afirmativa
Negativa
I / You / He /
She / It /
We / They
went.
bought.
didn’t go.
didn’t buy.
Uso
Los verbos irregulares tienen sus propias formas de
past simple.
go – went buy – bought meet – met
swim – swam come – came make – made
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 8 Gramática
Respuestas
breves
Did
I / you / he /
she / it /
we / they
go?
Yes, I / you / he /
she / it /
we / they did.
No, I / you / he /
she / it /
we / they didn’t.
What did
I / you / he /
she / it /
we / they
do?
–
Uso
La interrogativa del past simple se utiliza para
preguntar acerca de acciones y situaciones del
pasado.
Did you climb the mountain? Yes, I did.
Did they go into the cave? No, they didn’t.
What did you do last week? We went to London.
Unit 8
8.1
Vocabulario
Landscape places
beach (n) /biːtʃ/
cave (n) /keɪv/
cliff (n) /klɪf/
coral reef (n) /ˈkɒrəl ˌriːf/
desert (n) /ˈdezət/
forest (n) /ˈfɒrɪst/
island (n) /ˈaɪlənd/
jungle (n) /ˈdʒʌŋɡl/
mountain (n) /ˈmaʊntən/
ocean (n) /ˈəʊʃn/
rainforest (n) /ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/
river (n) /ˈrɪvə(r)/
valley (n) /ˈvæli/
waterfall (n) /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/
8.1
playa
cueva
acantilado
arrecife de coral
desierto
bosque
isla
jungla, selva
montaña
océano
bosque pluvial/tropical
río
valle
cascada
Extra vocabulary
ant (n) /ænt/
crab (n) /kræb/
crocodile (n) /ˈkrɒkədaɪl/
elephant (n) /ˈelɪfənt/
mosquito (n) /məˈskiːtəʊ/
shark (n) /ʃɑːk/
squid (n) /skwɪd/
8.2
8.2
Places in town
bakery (n) /ˈbeɪkəri/
bookshop (n) /ˈbʊkʃɒp/
chemist’s (n) /ˈkemɪsts/
church (n) /tʃɜːtʃ/
cinema (n) /ˈsɪnəmə/
department store (n)
/dɪˈpɑːtmənt ˌstɔː(r)/
newsagent’s (n)
/ˈnjuːzeɪdʒənts/
office block (n) /ˈɒfɪs
ˌblɒk/
petrol station (n) /ˈpetrəl
ˌsteɪʃn/
post office (n) /ˈpəʊst
ˌɒfɪs/
shopping centre (n)
/ˈʃɒpɪŋ ˌsentə(r)/
sports centre (n) /ˈspɔːts
ˌsentə(r)/
sweet shop (n) /ˈswiːt
ˌʃɒp/
takeaway (n) /ˈteɪkəweɪ/
train station (n) /ˈtreɪn
ˌsteɪʃn/
alone (adj) /əˈləʊn/
far away (adv) /ˌfɑːr əˈweɪ/
leave home (v)
/ˌliːv ˈhəʊm/
lonely (n) /ˈləʊnli/
8.3
panadería
librería
farmacia
iglesia
cine
solo
lejos
marcharse de casa
solo
Extra vocabulary
goods (n) /ɡʊdz/
grid (n) /ɡrɪd/
ruins (n) /ˈruːɪnz/
site (n) /saɪt/
stone (n) /stəʊn/
underground (adj)
/ˌʌndəˈɡraʊnd/
8.4
hormiga
cangrejo
cocodrilo
elefante
mosquito
tiburón
calamar
Extra vocabulary
mercancías, productos
cuadrícula
ruinas, restos
lugar
piedra
bajo tierra, subterráneo
Functional language
Finding the way
Excuse me, how do I get to …, please?
Can you tell me the way to …, please?
Turn left / right … (at the traffic lights).
Go straight on.
Go to the end of this street.
Take the first / second / third left / right.
grandes almacenes
quiosco
bloque de oficinas
gasolinera
(oficina de) Correos
centro comercial
polideportivo
tienda de chuches
local de comida para llevar
estación de ferrocarril
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 8 Vocabulario
It’s on the corner / at the end of the street / on the
left / right.
Prepositions
next to
between
on the left / right of
opposite
behind
in front of
Unit 9
Gramática
will / won’t
be going to: affirmative
and negative
Afirmativa
I / You / He / She / will
It / We / They
go.
Afirmativa
Negativa
I / You / He / She / won’t
It / We / They
Sujeto + be (not) + going to + infinitivo sin to
go.
Negativa
I’m
going to fly.
I’m not
going to fly.
You’re
going to fly.
You
aren’t
going to fly.
Interrogativa
Respuestas breves
He’s
going to fly.
He isn’t
going to fly.
Will
Yes, I / you / he / she /
it / we / they will.
No, I / you / he / she /
it / we / they won’t.
She’s
going to fly.
She isn’t
going to fly.
It’s
going to fly.
It isn’t
going to fly.
We’re
going to fly.
We aren’t going to fly.
You’re
going to fly.
You
aren’t
going to fly.
They’re
going to fly.
They
aren’t
going to fly.
I / you /
go?
he / she /
it / we /
they
Uso
Will se utiliza para expresar predicciones sobre el
futuro.
“Will + infinitivo sin to” se utiliza con todas las
personas del verbo.
I will build a computer.
It will be hotter.
They will move house.
La forma contracta ’ll se utiliza en el registro
informal de la lengua oral y escrita.
He’ll be late tomorrow.
You’ll enjoy the film.
La negativa se construye con won’t + el infinitivo
del verbo sin to.
People won’t live in space.
We won’t buy a computer.
La interrogativa con will se utiliza para hacer
preguntas sobre predicciones de futuro.
Nota: en las respuestas breves afirmativas no se
utilizan las formas contractas. (Yes, I will.
NO Yes, I’ll.)
Will computers be smaller?
Yes, they will.
Will you fly a plane?
No, I won’t.
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 9 Gramática
be going to: questions
be + sujeto + going to + infinitivo sin to
Interrogativa
Respuestas breves
Am I going to fly?
Yes, I am.
No, I’m not.
Are you going to fly?
Yes, you are.
No, you aren’t.
Is he going to fly?
Yes, he is.
No, he isn’t.
Is she going to fly?
Yes, she is.
No, she isn’t.
Is it going to fly?
Yes, it is.
No, it isn’t.
Are we going to fly?
Yes, we are.
No, we aren’t.
Are you going to fly?
Yes, you are.
No, you aren’t.
Are they going to fly?
Yes, they are.
No, they aren’t.
Uso
Be going to se utiliza para hablar de planes de
futuro.
I’m going to play tennis this afternoon.
We aren’t going to go to the cinema.
La interrogativa de be going to se utiliza para hacer
preguntas sobre planes de futuro.
Nota: en las respuestas breves solo se incluye el
verbo be, sin going to.
Are you going to travel by bus? Yes, I am.
Is he going to work tomorrow? No, he isn’t.
Unit 9
9.1
Vocabulario
Computers / technology
digital camera (n)
/ˌdɪdʒɪtl ˈkæmərə/
e-book (n) /ˈiː ˌbʊk/
games console (n) /ˈɡeɪmz
ˌkɒnsəʊl/
keyboard (n) /ˈkiːbɔːd/
memory stick (n)
/ˈmeməri ˌstɪk/
mobile phone (n)
/ˈməʊbaɪl fəʊn/
mouse (n) /maʊs/
printer (n) /ˈprɪntə(r)/
remote control (n)
/rɪˌməʊt kənˈtrəʊl/
speakers (n) /ˈspiːkəz/
tablet (n) /ˈtæblət/
webcam (n) /ˈwebkæm/
Wi-Fi (n) /ˈwaɪ ˌfaɪ/
9.1
9.2
videoconsola
teclado
9.3
lápiz de memoria
ingeniero, ingeniera
invento
inventor, inventora
ligero
predicción
compartir
pantalla táctil
cierto, verdad
Films
action / adventure film (n) película de acción /
/ˈækʃn, ədˈventʃə ˌfɪlm/ aventuras
animation (n) /ænɪˈmeɪʃn/
animación
comedy (n) /ˈkɒmədi/
comedia
documentary (n)
/dɒkjuˈmentri/
documental
drama (n) /ˈdrɑːmə/
película de género dramático
fantasy film (n) /ˈfæntəsi
película de género
ˌfɪlm/ fantástico
historical drama (n)
/hɪˈstɒrɪkl ˌdrɑːma/
drama histórico
horror film (n) /ˈhɒrə(r) ˌfɪlm/ película de terror
musical (n) /ˈmjuːzɪkl/
musical
romantic film (n) /rəʊˈmæntɪk
ˌfɪlm/
película romántica
science fiction film (n) /ˌsaɪəns
ˈfɪkʃn ˌfɪlm/
película de ciencia ficción
thriller (n) /ˈθrɪlə(r)/
thriller, película de suspense
western (n) /ˈwestən/
película de vaqueros
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Unit 9 Vocabulario
9.4
equipo de actores y actrices
director, directora
papel, personaje
escena
Extra vocabulary
audience (n) /ˈɔːdiəns/
novel (n) /ˈnɒvl/
perform (v) /pəˈfɔːm/
sign (v) /saɪn/
thrilling (adj) /ˈθrɪlɪŋ/
title (n) /ˈtaɪtl/
teléfono móvil
ratón
impresora
mando a distancia
altavoces
tableta, tablet
webcam
wi-fi
Extra vocabulary
cast (n) /kɑːst/
director (n) /dəˈrektə(r),
dɪ-, daɪ-/
role (n) /rəʊl/
scene (n) /siːn/
cámara digital
e-book, libro electrónico
Extra vocabulary
engineer (n) /ˌenʒɪˈnɪə(r)/
invention (n) /ɪnˈvenʃn/
inventor (n) /ɪnˈventə(r)/
light (adj) /laɪt/
prediction (n) /prɪˈdɪkʃn/
share (v) /ʃeə(r)/
touch screen (n) /tʌtʃ skriːn/
true (adj) /truː/
9.2
público
novela
actuar
firmar
emocionante, apasionante
titulo
Functional language
Making arrangements
What are you doing at the weekend?
Are you doing anything on Saturday evening?
What are you up to on Saturday night?
What else are you doing?
I’m going shopping / having a party / going away for the
weekend.
Verbos irregulares
Infinitive
ser / estar
volverse
empezar
romper
construir
comprar
poder
coger
venir
hacer
beber
comer
caer
encontrar
volar
conseguir
levantarse
dar
ir
tener
esconder
saber
aprender
salir
perder
hacer
conocer
leer
correr
decir
ver
vender
enviar
sentarse
dormir
hablar
pasar (tiempo)
nadar
tomar
enseñar
contar
pensar
vestir
escribir
Past simple
Past participle
be
/bi/
was / were
/wɒz / wɜː(r)/
been
/biːn/
become
/bɪˈkʌm/
became
/bɪˈkeɪm/
become
/bɪˈkʌm/
begin
/bɪˈɡɪn/
began
/bɪˈɡæn/
begun
/bɪˈɡʌn/
break
/breɪk/
broke
/brəʊk/
broken
/ˈbrəʊkən/
build
/bɪld/
built
/bɪlt/
built
/bɪlt/
buy
/baɪ/
bought
/bɔːt/
bought
/bɔːt/
can
/kæn/
could
/kəd/
catch
/kætʃ/
caught
/kɔːt/
caught
/kɔːt/
come
/kʌm/
came
/keɪm/
come
/kʌm/
do
/duː/
did
/dɪd/
done
/dʌn/
drink
/drɪŋk/
drank
/dræŋk/
drunk
/drʌŋk/
eat
/iːt/
ate
/eɪt/
eaten
/ˈiːtn/
fall
/fɔːl/
fell
/fel/
fallen
/ˈfɔːlən/
find
/faɪnd/
found
/faʊnd/
found
/faʊnd/
fly
/flaɪ/
flew
/fluː/
flown
/fləʊn/
get
/ɡet/
got
/ɡɒt/
got
/ɡɒt/
get up
/ɡet ʌp/
got up
/ɡɒt ʌp/
got up
/ɡɒt ʌp/
give
/ɡɪv/
gave
/ɡeɪv/
given
/ˈɡɪvn/
go
/ɡəʊ/
went
/went/
gone / been
/ɡɒn / biːn/
have
/hæv/
had
/hæd/
had
/hæd/
hide
/haɪd/
hid
/hɪd/
hidden
/ˈhɪdn/
know
/nəʊ/
knew
/njuː/
known
/nəʊn/
learn
/lɜːn/
learnt / learned
/lɜːnt / lɜːnd/
learnt / learned
/lɜːnt / lɜːnd/
leave
/liːv/
left
/left/
left
/left/
lose
/luːz/
lost
/lɒst/
lost
/lɒst/
make
/meɪk/
made
/meɪd/
made
/meɪd/
meet
/miːt/
met
/met/
met
/met/
read
/riːd/
read
/red/
read
/red/
run
/rʌn/
ran
/ræn/
run
/rʌn/
say
/seɪ/
said
/sed/
said
/sed/
see
/siː/
saw
/sɔː/
seen
/siːn/
sell
/sel/
sold
/səʊld/
sold
/səʊld/
send
/send/
sent
/sent/
sent
/sent/
sit
/sɪt/
sat
/sæt/
sat
/sæt/
sleep
/sliːp/
slept
/slept/
slept
/slept/
speak
/spiːk/
spoke
/spəʊk/
spoken
/ˈspəʊkən/
spend
/spend/
spent
/spent/
spent
/spent/
swim
/swɪm/
swam
/swæm/
swum
/swʌm/
take
/teɪk/
took
/tʊk/
taken
/ˈteɪkən/
teach
/tiːtʃ/
taught
/tɔːt/
taught
/tɔːt/
tell
/tel/
told
/təʊld/
told
/təʊld/
think
/θɪŋk/
thought
/θɔːt/
thought
/θɔːt/
wear
/weə(r)/
wore
/wɔː(r)/
worn
/wɔːn/
write
/raɪt/
wrote
/rəʊt/
written
/ˈrɪtn/
Mosaic 1 Language Trainer
Verbos irregulares