VERBO TO BE
Positive
I am
You are
He is
She is
It is
We are
You are
They are
Negative
I am not
You are not
He is not
She is not
It is not
We are not
You are not
They are not
Interrogative
Am I…?
Are you…?
Is he…?
Is she…?
Is it…?
Are we…?
Are you…?
Are they…?
THERE IS/THERE ARE
-
Se usa para describir lo que hay en un lugar.
THERE IS
(singular/uncountable)
There is…
There´s…
There is not…
There isn´t…
Is there…?
Positive
Negative
Interrogative
THERE ARE
(plural)
There are…
There are not…
There aren´t…
Are there…?
VERBO HABE GOT (tener)
-
Se usa para hablar de posesiones y relaciones.
Positive
I have got/I´ve got
Negative
I haven´t got a pet
Interrogative
have I got…?
You have got/You´ve
got
He has got/He´s got
She has got/ She´s
got
It has got/It´s got
We have got/We´ve
got
You have got/You´ve
got
They have
got/They´ve got
You haven´t got
any pets
He hasn´t got a pet
She hasn´t got a
pet
It hasn´t got a pet
We haven´t got any
pets
You haven´t got
any pet
They haven´t got
any pet
Have you got…?
Patricia Vasco
Has he got…?
Has she got…?
Has it got…?
Have we got…?
Have you got…?
Have they got…?
Shorts answers
Yes/No, I have/
haven´t
Yes/No, you
have/ haven´t
Yes/No,
He/She/It has/
hasn´t
Yes/No, we
have/ haven´t
Yes/No, you
have/ haven´t
Yes/No, they
have/ haven´t
PRESENT SIMPLE
-
Se usa para hablar sobre cosas que son ciertas y para hablar sobre hábitos y rutinas.
Los verbos en el presente simple para “I, you, we and they” son iguales. Pero para “he, she
and it” se añade: -es, -s or -ies.
Positive
I live
You live
He lives
She lives
It lives
We live
You live
They live
Negative
I don´t live
You don’t live
He doesn’t live
She doesn’t live
It doesn’t live
We don’t live
You don’t live
They don’t live
Interrogative
Do I live?
Do you live?
Does he live?
Does she live?
Does it live?
Do we live?
Do you live?
Do they live?
PAST SIMPLE
-
Se usa para hablar de acciones completas en el pasado.
Se usan estas expresiones: “ yesterday, last night/week/month/year, on Monday, in
October, an hour/two weeks/ three years ago, in 2013, an hour/two months later”.
En los verbos regulares se añade -ed; en los irregulares se pone en past simple.
Positive
I lived
Negative
I did not live
Interrogative
Did I live…?
You lived
You did not live
Did you live…?
He lived
She lived
It lived
We lived
He did not live
She did not live
It did not live
We did not live
Did he live…?
Did she live…?
Did it live…?
Did we live…?
You lived
You did not live
Did you live…?
They lived
They did not live
Did they live…?
Patricia Vasco
Shorts answers
Yes/No, I
don/don’t
Yes/No, you
don/don’t
Yes/no,
he/she/it
does/doesn’t
Yes/No, we
don/don’t
Yes/No, you
don/don’t
Yes/No, they
don/don’t
PRESENT CONTINOUS
-
Se usa para hablar de cosas que están en progreso en ese mismo momento.
Se usan expresiones de tiempo como: now, right now and at the moment.
Para las preguntas, algunas veces se usan particulas interrogativas: what, who, were, how,
etc.
Los verbos acabados en:
-e, se quita la -e final y se añade -ing.
Vocal (i, a, o) y consonante (m,p,t), se añade doble consonate antes de añadir -ing.
-l, se pone doble -l (travel-travelling)
-ie, se camabia la -ie por -ying (lie- lying)
Positive
I am playing
Negative
I´m not playing
Interrogative
Am I playing?
You are playing
You aren´t playing
Are you playing?
He is playing
She is playing
It is playing
We are playing
He isn´t playing
She isn´t playing
It isn´t playing
We aren’t playing
Is he playing?
Is she playing?
Is It playing?
Are we playing?
You are playing
You aren’t playing
Are you playing?
They are playing
They aren´t playing
Are they playing?
Shorts answers
Yes, I am
No, I´m not
Yes, you are
No, you aren´t
Yes, he/she/it is
No, he/she/it isn´t
Yes, we are
No, we aren’t
Yes, you are
No, you aren´t
Yes, they are
No, they aren´t
PAST CONTINOUS
-
Se forma con “was/were” y el verbo en -ing.
Se usa para describir una acción que está en progreso de tiempo en el pasado.
Positive Negative
was
Was not (wasn´t)
studying
were
Were not (weren´t) studying
I/He/She/It
We/You/They
Yes/no questions
Was I/He/She/It
Were We/You/They
studying
studying
Yes/No I/He/She/It
Yes/No We/You/They
Information questions
What were
Where was
Patricia Vasco
you
she
doing
living
three years ago?
in 2009?
Was/wasn´t
Were/weren´t
FUTURE SIMPLE
-
Se usa para predicciones del futuro.
Si no estas seguro puedes usar “i think/ i don´t think” con will.
Positive
Negative
Interrogative
I will come
I won´t come
Will I come in?
You will
come
You won´t come
Will you come in?
He will come
She will
come
It will come
He won´t come
She won´t come
It won´t come
Will he come in?
Will she come in?
Will it come in?
Won´t he come in?
Won´t she come in?
Won´t it come in?
Yes, He/She/It
will
No, He/She/It
won´t
We will
come
We won´t come
Will we come in?
Won´t we come in?
Yes, we will
No, we won´t
You will
come
You won´t come
Will you come in?
Won´t you come in? Yes, you will
No, you won´t
They will
come
They won´t
come
Will they come in?
Won´t they come
in?
Patricia Vasco
Interrogative
negative
Won´t I come in?
Shorts
answers
Yes, I will
No, I won´t
Won´t you come in? Yes, You will
No, You won´t
Yes, they will
No, they
won´t
PRESENT PERFECT
-
Se usa para hablar sobre experiencias del pasado. La hora exacta en la que paso no se
conoce o no interesa.
La forma del presente prefecto es con “have/has” y el verbo en “past participle” para los
verbos irregulares, para los regulares se añade -ed.
Se usan las expresiones: “for, since, already, yet, ever, never, just…”
Se usa “never” en las declaraciones. Es decir, se usa para referirnos a que nunca hemos
hecho eso hasta ahora.
Se usa “ever” en las preguntas. Es decir, se usa para referirnos a que en cualquier momento
hasta ahora
También se puede usar “before” en las preguntas. Significa lo mismo que “ever”.
Positive
I have played
Negative
I haven’t played
Interrogative
Have I played?
You have played
You haven’t played
Have you played?
He has played
She has played
It has played
We have played
He hasn’t played
She hasn’t played
It hasn’t played
We haven’t plated
Has he played?
Has she played?
Has it played?
Have we played?
You have played
You haven’t played
Have you played?
They played
They haven’t played
Have they played?
Shorts answers
Yes, I have
No, I haven’t
Yes, you have
No, you haven’t
Yes, he/she/it has
No, he/she/it hasn’t
Yes, we have
No, we haven’t
Yes, you have
No, you haven’t
Yes, they have
No, they haven’t
PAST PERFECT
-
Se utiliza para expresar una acción pasada anterior a otra pasada.
Se utilizan las expresiones: “for, since, already, yet, ever, never, just…”
Positive
I had decided
You had decided
He had decided
She had decided
It had decided
We had decided
You had decided
They had decided
Patricia Vasco
Negative
I hadn’t decided
You hadn’t decided
He hadn’t decided
She hadn’t decided
It hadn’t decided
We hadn’t decided
You hadn’t decided
They hadn’t decided
Interrogative
Had I decided?
Had you decided?
Had he decided?
Had she decided?
Had it decided?
Had we decided?
Had you decided?
Had they decided?
EXPRESIONS PREFECT PERFECT AND PAST PERFECT
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
For:
*recordamos que la palabra a/an es igual a uno
Se traduce por “desde hace/durante”
Va seguido de un número
Expresiones de for: “for ages: desde hace mucho tiempo” y “for a while: durane un
tiempo”
Since:
Se traduce por “desde”
Va seguido de una fecha: “un dia: Monday, Tuesday…” “un mes: July, August…” “un
año: 2015, 2005…” “una hora: 22:23, 10:30…” “un momento en el tiempo: desde que
maría murió…”
Already:
Significa “ya”
Va delante del participio pasado
No puede ir ni en preguntas ni en frases negativas
Yet:
Significa “ya”
Va siempre al final de la frase “have you seen miguel yet?”
Va siempre en preguntas y negativas
En las frases negativas significa “todavía no”
Ever:
Significa “alguna vez”
Va delante del participio pasado
Va en frases afrimativas
En las frases negativas y en las superlativas significa “nunca”
Never:
Significa “nunca”
Va delante del participio pasado
Va en frases afirmativas
Just:
Significa “acabar de”
Va delante del participio pasado
Patricia Vasco
THE PASSIVE
-
Los verbos van en past participle.
Positive
I am known
Negative
I am not known
Interrogative
Am i known?
You are known
You aren´t known
Are you known?
He is known
She is known
It is known
We are known
He isn´t known
She isn´t known
It isn´t known
We aren´t known
Is he known?
Is she known?
Is it known?
Are we known?
You are known
You aren’t known
Are you known?
They are known
They aren’t known
Are they known?
Patricia Vasco
Shorts answers
Yes, i am
No, i am not
Yes, you are
No, you aren´t
Yes, he/she/it is
No, he/she/it isn´t
Yes, we are
No, we aren´t
Yes, you are
No, you aren’t
Yes, they are
No, they aren’t
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