500 common business verbs English to Spanish
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500 common business verbs by Andrew D. Miles Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 500 Business Verbs Copy right by And re w D. M il es, Ba rcel ona , 2007. All rights rese rved . No pa rt of this p ubl ica tion may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitte d, in any form without written authorization from the author. Cove r p hotograp h by And re w D. M iles www.barcelonaenglish.com www.madridenglish.com www.englishphone.biz Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 amortize or amortise amortizar, depreciar A amount sumar abandon abandonar analyse analizar abate 1. suprimir 2. rebajar announce anunciar abrogate revocar, rescindir absorb absorber accelerate acelerar, adelantar accept aceptar appeal apelar appoint designar, nombrar apportion asignar, repartir, prorratear appraise 1. tasar, valorar, valuar 2. evaluar 3. peritar accrue 1. acumular 2. devengar, periodificar appreciate apreciar, valorizar accumulate acumular acquire adquirir arrange compaginar, organizar, ordenar add 1. sumar 2. agregar assign asignar, adjudicar, traspasar adjourn retrasar, aplazar attach 1. adjuntar, anexar 2. embargar, incautar, decomisar adjust 1. ajustar 2. liquidar administer administrar, gestionar, dirigir approve aprobar attend asistir, atender attest certificar, atestar administrate administrar, gestionar, dirigir authenticate autentificar, autenticar, refrendar advertise anunciar, publicitar authorize or authorise autorizar, habilitar, acreditar advise 1. asesorar, aconsejar 2. avisar affiliate afiliar age clasificar según antigüedad, anticuar agree acordar, pactar, convenir aid ayudar, subvencionar automate automatizar, sistematizar award 1. adjudicar 2. conceder, otorgar B allocate asignar, afectar, distribuir back respaldar allot asignar, dotar back up 1. hacer copias de seguridad 2. respaldar allow 1. permitir 2. reservar 3. descontar alter alterar balance balancear, cuadrar, saldar amalgamate fusionar, amalgamar bargain 1. regatear 2. pactar Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 barter permutar, canjear catalogue or catalog catalogar bear devengar, rendir, producir, redituar centralize or centralise centralizar certify certificar benefit beneficiar change cambiar bequeath legar cheapen abaratar berth atracar amarrar claim reclamar, demandar bid ofrecer, pujar (en una licitación, concurso, subasta, etc.) classify clasificar bill facturar close cerrar, cesar, clausurar coadministrate coadministrar block bloquear, congelar, inmovilizar board embarcar code codificar codify codificar coin acuñar bond caucionar book 1. reservar 2. asentar bottle embotellar coinsure coasegurar collect cobrar, recaudar collocate colocar boycott boicotear break even 1. llegar al punto de equilibrio 2. estar en una situación en que los gastos son iguales que los ingresos break up 1. separar, dividir 2. desguazar comanage coadministrar, codirigir combine combinar, consolidar, mancomunar commercialize or commercialise comercializar bribe sobornar commission comisionar, dar en comisión, encargar budget presupuestar communicate comunicar buy comprar compensate 1. compensar 2. indemnizar C compete competir complain quejarse, reclamar compound combinar calculate calcular compute computar, calcular call llamar, convocar cancel cancelar, anular, rescindir cannibalize or cannibalise canibalizar capitalize or capitalise capitalizar conceal ocultar condone condonar confiscate confiscar, decomisar, comisar, incautar carry transportar conform conformar, aprobar, autorizar cast 1. fundir 2. colar, vaciar consign consignar Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 consolidate consolidar, fusionar defalcate desfalcar consume consumir defer diferir, aplazar contract contratar deflate deflactar deforest deforestar contribute contribuir, aportar control controlar convey 1. transportar 2. transferir, traspasar defraud defraudar, estafar delay retrasar, atrasar delegate delegar coordinate coordinar delete borrar copy copiar deliver remitir, enviar, expedir, despachar corner monopolizar, acaparar cost costar, valer demonetize or demonetise desmonetizar counsel asesorar, aconsejar demote degradar count contar, arquear counterbid contraofertar denationalize or denationalise desnacionalizar counteroffer contraofertar deplete agotar credit abonar, acreditar, imputar, registrar en el haber deregulate liberalizar, desregular cumulate acumular design diseñar customize or customise personalizar devaluate devaluar cut cortar, rebajar devalue devaluar, desvalorizar derive derivar deviate desviar D digitalize or digitalise digitalizar digitize or digitise digitalizar damage dañar, averiar dilute diluir date 1. fechar, poner fecha, datar 2. citar diminish disminuir, mermar, decrecer deal traficar, tratar, comerciar direct dirigir, administrar decapitalize or decapitalise descapitalizar disburse desembolsar decentralize or desentralise descentralizar dismiss despedir decide decidir display exhibir, mostrar dispossess desahuciar, desalojar declare declarar decode descifrar, descodificar decree decretar disconnect desconectar dissolve disolver, liquidar distribute distribuir, repartir divest desinvertir Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 dock atracar exchange cambiar, intercambiar document documentar execute ejecutar draft 1. realizar en borrador, hacer un esquema 2. delinear, dibujar exhibit exhibir, exponer draw 1. dibujar 2. girar, librar 3. retirar 4. devengar, producir expand expandir expire 1. caducar 2. vencer, prescribir exploit explotar E expose exponer expropriate expropiar earn 1. ganar, percibir 2. devengar, producir extend 1. extender, ampliar 2. conceder economize or economise economizar, ahorrar extract extraer, resumir edit corregir un texto, redactar embargo embargar extrapolate extrapolar employ emplear F empower delegar poder, conceder poder, facultar, capacitar, potenciar, habilitar fabricate fabricar enclose adjuntar encode cifrar, codificar encumber gravar, afectar endorse endosar, avalar, respaldar enlarge ampliar enrol or enroll 1. v.t. inscribir, matricular, registrar 2. v.i. inscribirse, matricularse, registrarse. enter registrar, asentar, apuntar, inscribir erase borrar fail 1. fracasar, fallar 2. quebrar fall bajar, caer fall behind atrasarse. fall due vencer file archivar finance financiar fine multar fire despedir flop fallar, fracasar flow fluir fluctuate fluctuar, variar erode erosionar establish establecer fold 1. cerrar o cesar operaciones 2. plegar, doblar estimate presupuestar, tasar, valorar, estimar foreclose ejecutar evade evadir forge falsificar found 1. fundar 2. fundir evaluate evaluar examine examinar, revisar fragment fragmentar Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 franchise dar en concesión o franquicia, franquiciar free liberar freeze bloquear, inmovilizar, congelar function funcionar indemnify indemnizar, compensar index indexar indorse endosar. industrialize or industrialise industrializar inflate inflar G inform informar inherit heredar gain 1. incrementar, aumentar 2. beneficiarse graduate 1. v.t. graduar 2. v.t. escalonar 3. v.i. graduarse, recibirse, licenciarse, obtener el título universitario grant 1. otorgar, conceder 2. donar grow crecer inject inyectar input ingresar J join 1. v.i. incorporarse, asociarse, unirse, hacerse socio, afiliarse 2. v.t. unir, juntar guarantee garantizar, avalar guard custodiar, cuidar, vigilar K key teclear H L harvest cosechar hedge proteger, cubrir label etiquetar, rotular help ayudar highlight resaltar, destacar hoard acaparar, acopiar hold tener, poseer hypothecate hipotecar, pignorar I labour or labor 1. trabajar, laborar land 1. aterrizar 2. desembarcar lapse prescribir, vencer, caducar launch lanzar launder blanquear, lavar, hacer aflorar lead liderar, dirigir legalize or legalise legalizar import importar lend prestar impose imponer let arrendar, alquilar increase aumentar, incrementar limit limitar Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 navigate navegar link enlazar, vincular negotiate negociar liquidate liquidar nominate nominar, nombrar, designar load cargar loan prestar note anotar, apuntar log registrar notice avisar, notificar lose perder notify notificar nullify anular, invalidar M O maintain mantener make hacer manage gestionar, administrar, dirigir object oponerse, objetar occupy ocupar manufacture fabricar, manufacturar offer ofrecer, ofertar mark 1. marcar 2. poner nota, calificar offshore| deslocalizar offset balancear, compensar mature vencer, caducar measure. medir merchandise comercializar merge fusionar, consolidar, amalgamar mint acuñar misappropriate malversar open abrir operate operar optimize or optimise optimizar organize or organise organizar outlay desembolsar overcapitalize or overcapitalise sobrecapitalizar mix mezclar overdraw girar en descubierto, sobregirar monopolize or monopolise monopolizar overload sobrecargar mortgage hipotecar overproduce sobreproducir overstate sobretasar, sobrevalorar multiply multiplicar overtrade comprar o vender en demasía, comprometerse a comprar o vender más de lo que se puede afrontar N name nombrar, nominar, designar nationalize or nationalise nacionalizar overvaluate sobrevaluar overvalue sobrevalorar, sobrevaluar, sobretasar Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 P 2. print imprimir pack 1. empaquetar, embalar 2. envasar v.t. private privado, particular privatize or privatise privatizar process procesar participate participar pass 1. v.i. aprobar 2. pasar preestrenar, avanzar transferir, procure comprar, adquirir, obtener pawn empeñar produce 1. producir 2. redituar, rendir, devengar pay back devolver, reembolsar profit ganar, beneficiarse. pay in 1. pagar, desembolsar 2. depositar, ingresar pay out pagar, desembolsar pay up pagar una deuda, pagar por completo, cancelar program or programme programar promote 1. promover, fomentar, promocionar 2. ascender, promocionar prorate prorratear protest protestar pension jubilar perform rendir, desempeñarse, funcionar, actuar place colocar, posicionar plan planificar plough back or plow back reinvertir plough into or plow into invertir polish pulir poll sondear, encuestar pollute contaminar position posicionar, colocar possess poseer publish publicar purchase comprar purvey suministrar, proveer Q quote 1. cotizar 2. ofertar, presupuestar R post 1. enviar por correo 2. asentar, registrar 3. anunciar, publicar raise 1. aumentar, incrementar 2. recaudar postpone posponer, prorrogar, aplazar rate 1. calificar, evaluar 2. tasar, valorar power propulsar rationalize or rationalise racionalizar prefabricate prefabricar reacquire readquirir, recomprar prefinance prefinanciar readjust reajustar preliminary preliminar recapitalize or recapitalise recapitalizar prescribe prescribir preview 1. ver previamente reconcile conciliar, reconciliar Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 record 1. registrar, asentar 2. grabar recover recuperar, rescatar recruit reclutar, contratar restate 1. redefinir 2. tasar o valorar de nuevo, actualizar restrict restringir restructure reestructurar, reconvertir recycle reciclar redeploy reubicar, recolocar rediscount redescontar reduce reducir, rebajar reexport reexportar result resultar retain retener revaluate revaluar revalue revaluar reverse invertir, revertir refinance refinanciar reimburse reintegrar, reembolsar reimport reimportar revise revisar revoke revocar rise aumentar, incrementar, alzar reinsure reasegurar release 1. liberar 2. estrenar, lanzar risk arriesgar relocate reubicar, recolocar robotize or robotise instalar robots, robotizar remit remitir, remesar rotate rotar, girar remunerate remunerar round off redondear render rendir, presentar, exponer rule dictaminar, fallar renegotiate renegociar run 1. v.t. dirigir, administrar, gestionar, manejar 2. v.t. poner en funcionamiento, hacer funcionar 3. v.t. ejecutar 4. v.i. funcionar renew renovar reorganize or reorganise reorganizar repay reintegrar, devolver, reembolsar replace 1. reemplazar, sustituir 2. reponer reply responder save 1. ahorrar, economizar 2. salvar 3. guardar represent representar reproduce reproducir reprogram reprogramar repurchase recomprar request solicitar, pedir rescind rescindir rescue rescatar S schedule planificar, programar, proyectar seal sellar second secundar segment segmentar segregate segregar, separar reserve reservar seize secuestrar, confiscar, decomisar, embargar, incautar resign renunciar sell off liquidar Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 send enviar, remitir subcontract subcontratar settle 1. acordar, fijar 2. saldar, liquidar, cancelar sublease subalquilar, subarrendar sublet subalquilar, subarrendar settle up saldar cuentas, pagar subscribe suscribir share participar, compartir subtract restar, deducir ship remitir, despachar sue demandar shop comprar sum sumar, totalizar shorthand taquigrafiar summon convocar, citar, emplazar show mostrar, exponer, exhibir supervise supervisar smuggle contrabandear sort clasificar supply abastecer, aprovisionar, suministrar specialize or specialise especializarse. support 1. apoyar, respaldar 2. mantener speculate especular surcharge recargar, sobrecargar spend gastar survey 1. encuestar 2. relevar, peritar, reconocer, estudiar spin hilar suspend suspender split dividir sponsor auspiciar, patrocinar, promover square 1. cuadrar 2. elevar al cuadrado 3. cancelar, saldar squeeze restringir stamp 1. sellar, timbrar 2. estampar, imprimir standardize or standardise estandarizar, normalizar staple grapar, engrapar stock almacenar, tener en existencias stockpile acopiar sustain mantener, sostener swap intercambiar systematize or systematise sistematizar T tag 1. etiquetar 2. codificar take on contratar tally hacer que algo cuadre, hacer que algo concuerde, cuadrar tax gravar telecommute teletrabajar store almacenar telephone telefonear streamline racionalizar strike declararse en huelga, ir a la huelga, parar tend tender terminate terminar, rescindir structure estructurar test 1. examinar 2. ensayar, probar study estudiar total totalizar Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 totalize or totalise totalizar trader traficante, comerciante, mercader traffic traficar train 1. entrenar, adiestrar 2. instruir, formar, capacitar W warrant 1. justificar 2. garantizar, asegurar waste malgastar, desperdiciar transcribe transcribir watch vigilar, custodiar translate 1. traducir 2. convertir 3. trasladar water diluir travel viajar weigh pesar treat tratar will legar turn over rotar, girar wind up cerrar, cesar operaciones, liquidar type mecanografiar wear 1. v.t. usar 2. v.t. y v.i. desgastar wire telegrafiar withhold 1. retener 2. denegar U write escribir underestimate 1. subvalorar, infravalorar, calcular por debajo del importe real 2. subestimar underuse infrautilizar write down 1. reducir el valor, devaluar 2. apuntar, anotar write in agregar, incluir undervalue subvaluar, subvalorar Y unionize or unionise sindicalizar, agremiar yield 1. redituar, rendir 2. producir unload descargar Z update actualizar upload cargar utilize or utilise usar, usufructuar zone dividir en zonas, zonificar, calificar V validate legalizar, validar valuate valuar, tasar vary variar veto vetar Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007 And re w D. M iles is the d irec tor of English for Business Barcelona, Engl ish for Business M adrid and English Phone English for Business Barcelona teaches English lessons to companies in the Barcelona area. English for Business M adrid teaches English lessons to companies in the Madrid area. English Phone provides lessons by telephone to students who want to improve their oral communication skills www.barcelonaenglish.com www.madridenglish.net www.englishphone.biz Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007